1
|
Oh HJ, Lee CH, Lee IB. Real-time measurement of transmittance changes during photo-polymerization of conventional and bulk-fill composites. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:800-807. [PMID: 35858790 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated transmittance changes during photo-polymerization of composites in real-time. The transmittance changes of one conventional micro-hybrid, three conventional nano-hybrid, and four bulk-fill composites were measured before, during, and after photo-polymerization, and the maximum rate of transmittance change was compared with that of polymerization shrinkage. A significant difference in transmittance of composite between before and after photo-polymerization was observed. The transmittance of composites except for one bulk-fill composite increased during photo-polymerization. There was a correlation between the maximum rate of transmittance change and the maximum rate of polymerization shrinkage. The transmittance analysis of composites gives very important information to know for the final aesthetic restoration and allows to evaluate polymerization kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University
| | - Chang-Ha Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University
| | - In-Bog Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ali M, Alam F, Butt H. Fabrication of 5D Fresnel Lenses via Additive Manufacturing. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:602-613. [PMID: 36855626 PMCID: PMC9928398 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The consistent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) processes are revolutionizing the fabrication of 3-dimensional (3D) parts. Indeed, 3D printing processes are prompt, parallel, material efficient, and cost-effective, along with their capabilities to introduce added dimensions to the computer-aided design (CAD) models. Notably, 3D Printing is making progressive developments to fabricate optical devices such as regular lenses, contact lenses, waveguides, and more recently, Fresnel lenses. But extended functionalities of these optical devices are also desirable. Therefore, we demonstrate masked stereolithography (MSLA) based fabrication of five-dimensional (5D) Fresnel lenses by incorporating color-change phenomena (4th dimension) using thermochromic powder that changes color in response to external temperature variations (25-36 °C). The holographic diffraction effect (5th dimension) is produced by imprinting a diffraction grating during the printing process. Optical focusing performance for the 5D printed lenses has been evaluated by reporting achievable focal length, with <2 mm average deviation, without postprocessing in 450-650 nm spectral range. However, in the near IR region (850-980 nm), the average deviation was around 11.5 mm. Enhanced optical properties along with surface quality have been reported. Thus, MSLA process can fabricate optical components with promising applications in the fields of sensing and communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murad Ali
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788 UAE,
| | - Fahad Alam
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788 UAE
| | - Haider Butt
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788 UAE,Advanced
Digital & Additive Manufacturing Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788 United Arab Emirates,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pulido C, Gomes OM, Loguercio AD, Dávila-Sánchez A, Camilotti F, da Cruz GK, Arrais CAG. How the translucency of direct anatomic fiber posts affects the bond strength and microhardness of a self-adhesive luting agent in flared roots. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4447-4456. [PMID: 35166941 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of the composite resin translucency used in direct anatomic fiber posts on the bond strength (BS) and microhardness (VHN) of a luting agent into flared roots. MATERIALS AND METHODS The root canals of 70 single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated and prepared to simulate an oversized root canal. Prior to post cementation, composite resins with varying translucency (high translucent, HT; medium translucent, MT; high opacity, HO) were placed around the fiber posts to create anatomic fiber posts. The attenuation profile (%) of light passing either through the post or through the anatomic posts (n = 8) was obtained prior to the cementing procedures. A positive control group (PC) in which a prefabricated fiber post (PFP) with the diameter compatible with the root canal was cemented and a poorly adapted fiber post (negative control group, NC) were also evaluated. For both tests, the data were subjected to 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS A more severe light attenuation through the post at the cervical (P < .001) and medium (P < 0.001) thirds was noted when less translucent composite resin surrounded the anatomic post. HO groups showed lower BS (P = .009) and VHN (P < .001) values than the other groups, regardless of root third. No significant difference in BS values was noted between PC and HT groups. CONCLUSION The use of a more translucent composite resin in anatomic fiber posts increased the microhardness and bond strength of a dual polymerization self-adhesive RLA compared to the use of MT and HO composite. A well-adapted PFP showed the highest adhesive and mechanical behavior. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians should choose more translucent composite resins to create direct anatomic fiber posts to be cemented in flared root canals. That choice may allow improved mechanical properties of self-adhesive RLA and higher bond strength to the root canal as a consequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Pulido
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Diego de Robles Y Av. Interoceánica, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador, 170901.
| | - Osnara Mongruel Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Dourado Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andrés Dávila-Sánchez
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Diego de Robles Y Av. Interoceánica, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador, 170901
| | - Fernando Camilotti
- Department of Physics, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Augusto Galvão Arrais
- Department of Restorative Dentistry. School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa. Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pacheco RR, Garcia-Flores AF, Soto-Montero JR, Lesseux GG, Lancelotti ACRA, Martinez ED, Rettori C, Urbano RR, Rueggeberg FA, Giannini M. Synthesis, characterization, and incorporation of upconverting nanoparticles into a dental adhesive. Braz Oral Res 2021; 35:e120. [PMID: 34878075 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the synthesis, characterization, and functionalization of b-NaYF4:30%Yb/0.5%Tm upconverting nanocrystals for use as nanofillers in a dental adhesive and microscopically evaluate the interface between the particles and a commercial adhesive. The upconverting nanoparticles were synthesized and purified by thermal decomposition, and their chemical composition determined by energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy. The crystalline structure was characterized using X-Ray diffraction and morphology and size were observed with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Upconverting emission was evaluated by spectrophotometry irradiating the particles with a 975 nm diode laser. Particles were functionalized with polyacrylic acid and the success was confirmed by measurement of Zeta Potential and transmission electron microscopy. The results of X-ray diffraction found a pure hexagonal phase crystalline pattern. Scanning electron microscopy showed uniform dispersion of hexagonal-shaped particles of approximately 150 nm. Upconversion emission was observed in 344 nm, 361 nm, 450 nm, 474nm, 646 nm, 803 nm. Functionalization success was confirmed by formation of a stable aqueous colloid with a Zeta potential of -29.5mV and the absence of voids in the particle-adhesive interface on the transmission electron microscopy images. The reported synthesis and functionalization process produced upconverting nanoparticles emitting photons within the blue spectral region (450 nm and 474 nm).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Rocha Pacheco
- University of Detroit Mercy, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Jorge Rodrigo Soto-Montero
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Montes de Oca, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Guilherme Gorgen Lesseux
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo David Martinez
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rettori
- Universidade Federal do ABC - UFABC, Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues Urbano
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Department of Quantum Electronics, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Giannini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Par M, Prskalo K, Tauböck TT, Skenderovic H, Attin T, Tarle Z. Polymerization kinetics of experimental resin composites functionalized with conventional (45S5) and a customized low-sodium fluoride-containing bioactive glass. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21225. [PMID: 34707213 PMCID: PMC8551297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate polymerization kinetics and curing light transmittance of two series of experimental dental resin composites filled with 0–40 wt% of either 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) or a customized low-Na F-containing BG. Polymerization kinetics in 0.1-mm and 2-mm thick layers were investigated through real-time degree of conversion measurements using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. FTIR spectra were continuously collected at a rate of 2 s−1 during light-curing (1340 mW/cm2). Light transmittance through 2-mm thick composite specimens was measured using a UV–Vis spectrometer at a rate of 20 s−1. Unlike BG 45S5, which led to a dose-dependent reduction in the rate and extent of polymerization, the customized low-Na F-containing BG showed a negligible influence on polymerization. The reduction in light transmittance of experimental composites due to the addition of the low-Na F-containing BG did not translate into impaired polymerization kinetics. Additionally, the comparison of polymerization kinetics between 0.1-mm and 2-mm thick layers revealed that polymerization inhibition identified for BG 45S5 was not mediated by an impaired light transmittance, indicating a direct effect of BG 45S5 on polymerization reaction. A customized low-Na F-containing BG showed favourable behaviour for being used as a functional filler in light-curing dental resin composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Katica Prskalo
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tobias T Tauböck
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Attin
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mouhat M, Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L, Mercer J, Nilsen BW, Örtengren U. Light-curing units used in dentistry: Effect of their characteristics on temperature development in teeth. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1177-1188. [PMID: 34121022 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate pulp chamber and surface temperature development using different LED light curing units (LCUs). Eight brands of LED-LCUs were tested in a laboratory bench model. The pulp chamber and surface temperature were recorded with a type T thermocouple and infrared cameras, respectively. The highest pulp chamber and surface temperature increase was 6.1±0.3°C and 20.1±1.7°C, respectively. Wide-spectrum LED-LCUs produced higher pulp chamber temperature increase at 0 mm and 2 mm but lower at 4 mm. Narrow-spectrum LED-LCUs produced higher surface temperature increase. LED-LCU featuring modulated output mode resulted in lower increase in pulp chamber temperature but higher on surface temperature. LED-LCU with light guide tip delivering an inhomogeneous beam caused higher increase in temperature on the surface and in the pulp chamber. LED-LCUs with different spectral emission, output mode and light guide tip design contributed to different temperature development in the pulp chamber and at the surface of teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Mouhat
- Department for Clinical Dentistry/Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway
| | - Lina Stangvaltaite-Mouhat
- Department for Clinical Dentistry/Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway.,Oral Health Center of Expertise in Eastern Norway
| | - James Mercer
- Department of Medical Biology/Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway
| | - Bo Wold Nilsen
- Department for Clinical Dentistry/Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway
| | - Ulf Örtengren
- Department for Clinical Dentistry/Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway.,Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology/Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Predicting transmitted irradiance through CAD/CAM resin composite crowns in a simulated clinical model. Dent Mater 2021; 37:998-1008. [PMID: 33836891 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the clinically relevant transmitted irradiance that is available for luting when a CAD/CAM restoration is inserted. The influence of irradiance, exposure distance, light curing unit (LCU) angulation and direction of polymerization is analyzed when curing through crowns of different thicknesses. METHODS Three modern CAD/CAM resin-based composites (RBCs) were used to produce 45 crown-shaped specimens. The distance between fissure and crown base was set at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm (n = 5). Transmitted irradiance, while using a violet-blue LCU, was measured with a photo-spectrometer. 180 exposure conditions per specimen were investigated by variation in LCU curing mode, angulation, exposure distance and direction. Data was analyzed using univariate ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD (α = 0.05) and comparison of 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The CAD/CAM-RBC's decadic absorption coefficient ranges from 0.317 mm-1 to 0.387 mm-1 and the reflection correcting factor for crowns ranges from 0.305 to 0.337. Transmitted irradiance decreases significantly with increasing exposure distance and decreasing incident irradiance. For tilt angles greater than 10°, transmitted irradiances are significantly reduced (-11% for 20°, -23% for 30°). Significantly lowest transmitted irradiances were measured for vestibular curing direction (up to -15%). SIGNIFICANCE A calculation model can predict the transmitted irradiance through a CAD/CAM restoration in dependence of restoration thickness and radiant emittance. The practitioner can be supported by this model to adapt material choice of dental restoration and adhesive system to the individual situation. Variation in exposure conditions shows negative effect on the transmission of light and should be limited.
Collapse
|
8
|
Marovic D, Par M, Crnadak A, Sekelja A, Negovetic Mandic V, Gamulin O, Rakić M, Tarle Z. Rapid 3 s Curing: What Happens in Deep Layers of New Bulk-Fill Composites? MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030515. [PMID: 33494495 PMCID: PMC7866022 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of rapid 3 s light curing on the new generation of bulk-fill resin composites under the simulated aging challenge and depths up to 4 mm. Four bulk-fill materials were tested: two materials designed for rapid curing (Tetric PowerFill—PFILL; Tetric PowerFlow—PFLW) and two regular materials (Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative—FIL; SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable—SDR). Three-point bending (n = 10) was used to measure flexural strength (FS) and flexural modulus (FM). In the 3 s group, two 2 mm thick specimens were stacked to obtain 4 mm thickness, while 2 mm-thick specimens were used for ISO group. Specimens were aged for 1, 30, or 30 + 3 days in ethanol. The degree of conversion (DC) up to 4 mm was measured by Raman spectroscopy. There was no difference between curing protocols in FS after 1 day for all materials except PFLW. FM was higher for all materials for ISO curing protocol. Mechanical properties deteriorated by increasing depth (2–4 mm) and aging. ISO curing induced higher DC for PFLW and FIL, while 3 s curing was sufficient for PFILL and SDR. The 3 s curing negatively affected FM of all tested materials, whereas its influence on FS and DC was highly material-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Marovic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Crnadak
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Andjelina Sekelja
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Visnja Negovetic Mandic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Ozren Gamulin
- Institute for Physics and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;
| | - Mario Rakić
- Institute of Physics, Zagreb 10000, Croatia;
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia; (D.M.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (V.N.M.); (Z.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The effect of rapid high-intensity light-curing on micromechanical properties of bulk-fill and conventional resin composites. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10560. [PMID: 32601442 PMCID: PMC7324583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid high-intensity light-curing of dental resin composites is attractive from a clinical standpoint due to the prospect of time-savings. This study compared the effect of high-intensity (3 s with 3,440 mW/cm2) and conventional (10 s with 1,340 mW/cm2) light-curing on micromechanical properties of conventional and bulk-fill resin composites, including two composites specifically designed for high-intensity curing. Composite specimens were prepared in clinically realistic layer thicknesses. Microhardness (MH) was measured on the top and bottom surfaces of composite specimens 24 h after light-curing (initial MH), and after subsequent immersion for 24 h in absolute ethanol (ethanol MH). Bottom/top ratio for initial MH was calculated as a measure of depth-dependent curing effectiveness, whereas ethanol/initial MH ratio was calculated as a measure of crosslinking density. High-intensity light-curing showed a complex material-dependent effect on micromechanical properties. Most of the sculptable composites showed no effect of the curing protocol on initial MH, whereas flowable composites showed 11–48% lower initial MH for high-intensity curing. Ethanol/initial MH ratios were improved by high-intensity curing in flowable composites (up to 30%) but diminished in sculptable composites (up to 15%). Due to its mixed effect on MH and crosslinking density in flowable composites, high-intensity curing should be used with caution in clinical work.
Collapse
|
10
|
Par M, Spanovic N, Mohn D, Attin T, Tauböck TT, Tarle Z. Curing potential of experimental resin composites filled with bioactive glass: A comparison between Bis-EMA and UDMA based resin systems. Dent Mater 2020; 36:711-723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|