1
|
Donato MV, Dos Reis-Prado AH, Abreu LG, de Arantes LC, Goto J, Chaves HGDS, Cintra LTA, Briso ALF, Peixoto IFDC, Benetti F. Influence of dental bleaching on the pulp tissue: A systematic review of in vivo studies. Int Endod J 2024; 57:630-654. [PMID: 38470103 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies indicate the harmful effects of bleaching on pulp tissue, the demand for this procedure using high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP) is high. OBJECTIVES To investigate the influence of bleaching on the pulp tissue. METHODS Electronic searches were conducted (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Library and grey literature) until February 2021. Only in vivo studies that evaluated the effects of HP and/or carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gels on the inflammatory response in the pulp tissue compared with a non-bleached group were included. Risk of bias was performed according to a modified Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scale for human studies and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation's RoB tool for animal studies. Meta-analysis was unfeasible. RESULTS Of the 1311 studies, 30 were eligible. Of these, 18 studies evaluated the inflammatory response in animal models. All these studies reported a moderate-to-strong inflammatory response in the superficial regions of pulp, characterized by cell disorganization and necrotic areas, particularly during the initial periods following exposure to 35%-38% HP, for 30-40 min. In the evaluation of human teeth across 11 studies, seven investigated inflammatory responses, with five observing significant inflammation in the pulp of bleached teeth. In terms of tertiary dentine deposition, 11 out of 12 studies noted its occurrence after bleaching with 35%-38% HP in long-term assessments. Additionally, three studies reported significant levels of osteocalcin/osteopontin at 2 or 10 days post-treatment. Other studies indicated an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines ranging from immediately up to 10 days after bleaching. Studies using humans' teeth had a low risk of bias, whereas animal studies had a high risk of bias. DISCUSSION Despite the heterogeneity in bleaching protocols among studies, High-concentrations of HP shows the potential to induce significant pulp damage. CONCLUSIONS High-concentrations of bleaching gel increases inflammatory response and necrosis in the pulp tissue at short periods after bleaching, mainly in rat molars and in human incisors, in addition to greater hard tissue deposition over time. However, further well-described histological studies with long-term follow-up are encouraged due to the methodological limitations of these studies. REGISTRATION PROSPERO (CRD42021230937).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Viana Donato
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lara Cancella de Arantes
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Goto
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | | | - Francine Benetti
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krayem E, Banerjee A, Milly H. Evaluating the efficiency of two different over-the-counter tooth whitening systems: a randomised controlled clinical trial. BDJ Open 2024; 10:41. [PMID: 38821934 PMCID: PMC11143285 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare whitening efficiency and tooth sensitivity (TS) of two different over the counter (OTC) whitening systems in comparison to conventional at-home bleaching using 20% carbamide peroxide. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomised controlled clinical trial was conducted with three parallel groups (n = 13): (A) at-home whitening using 20% carbamide peroxide (20% CP), (B) OTC ready-to-use gel trays and (C) OTC-paint on gel. Clinical colour change values (ΔE) were measured using spectrophotometry at T0: baseline, T1: 7-day and T2: 14-day from whitening start, T3: 2 weeks and T4: 6 months after whitening end. TS was recorded using a visual analogue scale (VAS). ΔE and TS values were statistically analysed. The level of significance for all tests was 5%. RESULTS Significant differences in ∆E values were recorded between the experimental groups. ∆E values were significantly higher in the 20% CP conventional at-home whitening group. TS measurements were significantly higher in the 20% CP whitening group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Conventional at-home whitening revealed significantly improved colour change when compared to the OTC-paint on gel and OTC ready-to-use gel tray whitening systems. There was a significant colour relapse in OTC systems. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of tested OTC systems is not recommended as they are not effective in a clear and prolonged improved shade change. Conventional at-home whitening using 20% CP showed higher whitening efficiency and colour stability. This trial was registered with a International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN23096480), Registration date: 12/04/2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eenass Krayem
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Avijit Banerjee
- Centre of Oral Clinical Translational Sciences/Dept. of Conservative & MI Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Dental Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Hussam Milly
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Batista LAS, dos Reis-Prado AH, Chaves HGDS, de Arantes LC, Morgan LFSA, André CB, Suzuki TY, Benetti F. Can different agents reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue? A systematic review of basic research. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e39. [PMID: 38053785 PMCID: PMC10695728 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different topical/systemic agents in reducing the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue or cells. Materials and Methods Electronic searches were performed in July 2023. In vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of different topical or systemic agents on pulp inflammation or cytotoxicity after exposure to bleaching agents were included. The risk of bias was assessed. Results Out of 1,112 articles, 27 were included. Nine animal studies evaluated remineralizing/anti-inflammatories agents in rat molars subjected to bleaching with 35%-38% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Five of these studies demonstrated a significant reduction in inflammation caused by HP when combined with bioglass or MI Paste Plus (GC America), or following KF-desensitizing or Otosporin treatment (n = 3). However, orally administered drugs did not reduce pulp inflammation (n = 4). Cytotoxicity (n = 17) was primarily assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on human dental pulp cells and mouse dental papilla Cell-23 cells. Certain substances, including sodium ascorbate, butein, manganese chloride, and peroxidase, were found to reduce cytotoxicity, particularly when applied prior to bleaching. The risk of bias was high in animal studies and low in laboratory studies. Conclusions Few in vivo studies have evaluated agents to reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue. Within the limitations of these studies, it was found that topical agents were effective in reducing pulp inflammation in animals and cytotoxicity. Further analyses with human pulp are required to substantiate these findings. Trial Registration PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022337192.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Aparecida Silva Batista
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lara Cancella de Arantes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Bosso André
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thaís Yumi Suzuki
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bigham A, Raucci MG, Zheng K, Boccaccini AR, Ambrosio L. Oxygen-Deficient Bioceramics: Combination of Diagnosis, Therapy, and Regeneration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302858. [PMID: 37259776 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The journey of ceramics in medicine has been synchronized with an evolution from the first generation-alumina, zirconia, etc.-to the third -3D scaffolds. There is an up-and-coming member called oxygen-deficient or colored bioceramics, which have recently found their way through biomedical applications. The oxygen vacancy steers the light absorption toward visible and near infrared regions, making the colored bioceramics multifunctional-therapeutic, diagnostic, and regenerative. Oxygen-deficient bioceramics are capable of turning light into heat and reactive oxygen species for photothermal and photodynamic therapies, respectively, and concomitantly yield infrared and photoacoustic images. Different types of oxygen-deficient bioceramics have been recently developed through various synthesis routes. Some of them like TiO2- x , MoO3- x , and WOx have been more investigated for biomedical applications, whereas the rest have yet to be scrutinized. The most prominent advantage of these bioceramics over the other biomaterials is their multifunctionality endowed with a change in the microstructure. There are some challenges ahead of this category discussed at the end of the present review. By shedding light on this recently born bioceramics subcategory, it is believed that the field will undergo a big step further as these platforms are naturally multifunctional.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J. F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, Naples, 80125, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J. F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Kai Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute for Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J. F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, Naples, 80125, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ortiz MIG, Dos Santos JJ, Rodrigues-Filho UP, Aguiar FHB, Rischka K, Lima DANL. Maintenance of enamel properties after bleaching with high-concentrated hydrogen-peroxide gel containing calcium polyphosphate sub-microparticles. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5275-5285. [PMID: 37646909 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assessed the physical and chemical properties of human-enamel after treatment with an experimental bleaching gel containing 35%-hydrogen peroxide (HP) and calcium polyphosphate sub-microparticles (CaPP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Enamel/dentin specimens (4 × 4 × 3 mm) were obtained (n = 120) and allocated to different groups: control (saliva only); experimental (HP35%); commercial (whiteness-HP-Maxx); CaPP0.5% (HP35% + CaPP0.5wt%); CaPP1.5% (HP35% + CaPP1.5wt%). Three sessions were performed. The specimens' color was assessed using a spectrophotometer and the color (ΔE/ΔE00) and bleaching index (ΔWID) determined. The surface roughness and microhardness were assessed with a roughness tester and Knoop indenter. Raman spectroscopy was performed to obtain the ratios between the areas under the 431, 580, and 1070 cm-1 and the 960 cm-1 bands (430:960, 580:960, 1070:960). Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn compared the color, Ra, and SMH data. The Raman data was analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (α = 5%). RESULTS The ΔE, ΔE00, and ΔWID were similar among the bleached groups (p > 0.05). The roughness was not different between the groups (p > 0.05). After the 3rd session, CaPP0.5% had higher microhardness than the experimental (p < 0.05). The 1070:960 was higher in the experimental than in the CaPP1.5% and control (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In human enamel, CaPP did not alter the bleaching effectiveness or roughness, and additionally, CaPP-containing gels increased the microhardness and preserved the mineral content when compared to the experimental without CaPP. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Experimental bleaching gels containing calcium polyphosphate sub-microparticles as a mineral source reduce the mineral content alteration and superficial microhardness reduction, known potential side effects of the in-office bleaching treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariángela Ivette Guanipa Ortiz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. BOX 52, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Juliana Jarussi Dos Santos
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, Group of Chemistry of Hybrid and Inorganic Materials (GQMATHI), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ubirajara Pereira Rodrigues-Filho
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, Group of Chemistry of Hybrid and Inorganic Materials (GQMATHI), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. BOX 52, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Klaus Rischka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. BOX 52, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Bremen, Germany
| | - Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. BOX 52, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caneschi CDS, Benetti F, de Oliveira LCA, Belchior JC, Ferreira RC, Moreira AN, Dos Santos Alves Morgan LF. Bleaching effectiveness and cytotoxicity of new experimental formulation of niobium-based bleaching gel. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1613-1621. [PMID: 36607491 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The development of new bleaching agents with minimum concentration of hydrogen peroxide (HP), without adverse effects, and with bleaching effectiveness, has great clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bleaching efficacy and cytotoxicity of a new niobium-based bleaching gel, compared to already available HP-based gels. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the bleaching efficacy analysis, 40 bovine incisors were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the established bleaching protocol: control, untreated; 35HP, 35% HP bleaching gel; 6HP, 6% HP bleaching gel; NbHP, niobium gel associated with 3% HP gel. The color variation was measured in a spectrophotometer and the values of ΔL, Δa, Δb, and ΔE obtained. For the cell viability assay by MTT, MC3T3 cells were exposed to bleaching gel extracts (1:500, 1:250, 1:125 dilutions; immediately and 24 h). Statistical tests were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS The color alteration for all bleaching gels was significant compared to control (P < 0.05), but the NbHP gel showed a significant ΔE than other gels, with expressive color alteration at 14 days (P < 0.05). The 35HP showed high cytotoxicity regarding control and the most groups in all periods and extracts analyzed (P < 0.05), while the NbHP showed greater cell viability than control in the immediate period, dilution of the 1:500 and superior to 6HP in the most extracts at 24 h. CONCLUSION The new experimental niobium-based gel has bleaching efficacy similar to that of gels with a high concentration of HP, and it has high cytocompatibility. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of this new generation of niobium-based whitening gel associated with a low concentration of hydrogen peroxide represents the possibility of a tooth whitening with lower dentin sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Sousa Caneschi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Alves de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jadson Cláudio Belchior
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Allyson Nogueira Moreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - Luís Fernando Dos Santos Alves Morgan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Bairro Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Favoreto MW, de Souza Carneiro T, Forville H, Burey A, Simas Dreweck FD, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Use of calcium-containing bioactive desensitizers in dental bleaching: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2023; 154:245-259.e12. [PMID: 36717350 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical application of calcium-containing bioactive desensitizers (CBs) has been used to minimize bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity (TS). This study answered the research question "Is the risk of TS lower when CBs are used with dental bleaching in adults compared with bleaching without desensitizers?" TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors included randomized clinical trials comparing topical CB application with a placebo or no intervention during bleaching. Searches for eligible articles were performed in MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Brazilian Library in Dentistry, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and gray literature without language and date restrictions and updated in September 2022. The risk of bias was evaluated using Risk of Bias Version 2.0. The authors conducted meta-analyses with the random-effects model. The authors assessed heterogeneity with the Cochrane Q test, I2 statistics, and prediction interval. The authors used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to assess the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS After database screening, 22 studies remained, with most at high risk of bias. No difference in the risk of TS was detected (risk ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.01; P = .08, low certainty). In a visual analog scale, the intensity of TS (mean difference, -0.98; 95% CI, -1.36 to -0.60; P < .0001, very low certainty) was lower for the CB group. The color change was unaffected (P > .08). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Although topical CB dental bleaching did not reduce the risk of TS and color change, these agents slightly reduced the TS intensity, but the certainty of the evidence is very low.
Collapse
|
8
|
Guanipa Ortiz MI, dos Santos JJ, Burga Sánchez J, Rodrigues-Filho UP, Aguiar FHB, Rischka K, Lima DANL. Calcium-Polyphosphate Submicroparticles (CaPP) Improvement Effect of the Experimental Bleaching Gels' Chemical and Cellular-Viability Properties. Gels 2023; 9:gels9010042. [PMID: 36661808 PMCID: PMC9857579 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to develop and characterize the chemical and cellular-viability properties of an experimental high-concentration bleaching gel (35 wt%-H2O2) containing calcium-polyphosphate particles (CaPP) at two concentrations (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt%). The CaPP submicroparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation, keeping a Ca:P ratio of 2:1. The CaPP morphology, size, and chemical and crystal profiles were characterized through scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The assessed bleaching gels were experimental (without CaPP); 0.5% CaPP; 1.5% CaPP; and commercial. The gels’ pH values and H2O2 concentrations (iodometric titration) were determined. The odontoblast-like cell viability after a gel’s exposure was assessed by the MTT assay. The pH and H2O2 concentration were compared through a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey’s test and the cell viability through a one-way ANOVA and a Tukey’s test using a GraphPad Prism (α < 0.05). The CaPP particles were spherical (with Ca and P, 135.7 ± 80.95 nm size) and amorphous. The H2O2 concentration decreased in all groups after mixing (p < 0.001). The 0.5% CaPP resulted in more-stable pH levels and higher viability levels than the experimental one (p < 0.05). The successful incorporation of CaPP had a positive impact on the bleaching gel’s chemical and cellular-viability properties when compared to the experimental gel without these particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Jarussi dos Santos
- Group of Chemistry of Hybrid and Inorganic Materials (GQMATHI), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Jonny Burga Sánchez
- Department of Physiological Science, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Ubirajara Pereira Rodrigues-Filho
- Group of Chemistry of Hybrid and Inorganic Materials (GQMATHI), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13563-120, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Klaus Rischka
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Wiener Straße 12, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Misilli T, Çarıkçıoğlu B, Deniz Y, Aktaş Ç. The impact of remineralization agents on dental bleaching efficacy and mineral loss in bleached enamel. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12905. [PMID: 36349560 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of remineralization agents on bleaching efficiency, enamel mineral changes, and post-bleaching color stability. A total of 112 enamel-dentin blocks were prepared from bovine teeth. Following initial color measurements, separate treatment regimens were carried out as follows: negative control (no treatment); positive control (bleaching only); bleaching, then NaF; bleaching + NaF (mix); bleaching, then CPP-ACPF; bleaching + CPP-ACPF (mix); bleaching, then nHAP+F; bleaching + nHAP+F (mix). Color measurements were repeated after immersion in distilled water for 7 days, and again after staining with coffee solution for 14 days. The CIELAB-based whiteness index was used to evaluate bleaching efficiency, and the CIEDE2000 color difference formula for color stability. Chemical investigation was performed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The experimental groups showed significant increases in whiteness compared to the negative control, and the staining after bleaching did not result in statistically significant differences between the groups. Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis revealed that bleaching protocols had no impact on elemental levels as well as the ratio of Ca/P. The combined use of bleaching agents with remineralization agents did not affect bleaching effectiveness but also did not provide an additional contribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Misilli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Burak Çarıkçıoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Deniz
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Aktaş
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
da Silva LMAV, Cintra LTA, de Alcântara S, Machado NEDS, Benetti F, Ervolino E, Briso ALF. Influence of violet LED associated or not with peroxide gel on inflammation, mineralization, and collagen fiber maturation in dentin and pulp tissue. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102959. [PMID: 35691564 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of violet LED, associated or not with a 17.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel, on inflammation, mineralization in pulp tissue, and collagen fiber maturation in dentin and pulp tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS The maxillary molars of eighty Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (n = 10): CONT - without treatment; HP - 30-minute application of 17.5% HP; LED - 20-minute application of violet LED; and HP+LED - application of PH and violet LED. Rats were euthanized and jaws were processed for histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation (IL-17, IL-23, and osteocalcin) and picrosirius red immediately after (T0), and at 7 (T1), 15 (T2), and 30 days (T3) post-treatment, with Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, paired T-test, and T-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS HP and HP+LED presented necrosis and severe inflammatory infiltrate. When compared to CONT group, LED presented severe osteocalcin (OCN) immunostaining in T2 and less immature fibers in T2 and T3. CONCLUSION The violet LED caused no severe damage to the pulp tissue, increased IL-17 and IL-23 expression in T0 when associated with HP, and had no influence on pulp tissue mineralization, besides accelerating the maturation of collagen fibers of dentin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Violet LED therapy induced no inflammation in the pulp tissue of rats and played no role in pulp tissue fibrosis, besides accelerating the maturation of dentin collagen fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo 1193, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo 1193, Brazil
| | - Sibele de Alcântara
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo 1193, Brazil
| | - Nathália Evelyn da Silva Machado
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo 1193, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo 1193, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Effects of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution containing hydrated calcium silicate on enamel surface. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2133-2142. [PMID: 34591181 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to develop a novel bleaching material containing hydrated calcium silicate (hCS) particles and investigate the effects of hCS on the bleaching efficacy, microhardness, and surface morphology of bovine enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS To prepare the hCS particles, white Portland cement was mixed with distilled water and ground into a fine powder. The particles in various proportions were then mixed with 35% hydrogen peroxide solution (HP), while HP without hCS was used as a control (HP), and teeth whitening gel was used as a commercial control (CC). Following the thrice application of experimental and control solutions on the discolored bovine enamel surface for 15 min, color change (n = 10), microhardness (n = 10), and micromorphology (n = 2) of the enamel surface were analyzed. RESULTS The Δ E* of the enamel surface treated with the experimental solution containing hCS was significantly higher than that of the CC, but there were no significant differences between the different hCS contents. The experimental solution containing hCS reduced the percentage of microhardness loss on the enamel surface, and the percentage of microhardness loss significantly decreased as the content of hCS increased (p < 0.05). The erosion pattern was only observed on enamel surfaces treated with HP and CC. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that HP containing hCS is effective in bleaching efficacy. In addition, hCS could also minimize the microhardness loss of tooth structure caused by HP and maintain enamel surface morphology. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This novel bleaching material is promising for inhibiting demineralization and promoting the remineralization of teeth during bleaching treatment in dental clinics.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hu X, Xie L, Xu Z, Liu S, Tan X, Qian R, Zhang R, Jiang M, Xie W, Tian W. Photothermal-Enhanced Fenton-like Catalytic Activity of Oxygen-Deficient Nanotitania for Efficient and Safe Tooth Whitening. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35315-35327. [PMID: 34291910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for charming smiles has led to the popularization of tooth bleaching procedures. Current tooth bleaching products with high-concentration hydrogen peroxide (HP, 30-40%) are effective but detrimental due to the increased risk of enamel destruction, tooth sensitivity, and gingival irritation. Herein, we reported a less-destructive and efficient tooth whitening strategy with a low-concentration HP, which was realized by the remarkably enhanced Fenton-like catalytic activity of oxygen-deficient TiO2 (TiO2-x). TiO2-x nanoparticles were synthesized with a modified solid-state chemical reduction approach with NaBH4. The Fenton-like activity of TiO2-x was optimized by manipulating oxygen vacancy (OV) concentration and further promoted by the near-infrared (NIR)-induced photothermal effect of TiO2-x. The TiO2-x sample named BT45 was chosen due to the highest methylene blue (MB) adsorption ability and Fenton-like activity among acquired samples. The photothermal property of BT45 under 808 nm NIR irradiation was verified and its enhancement on Fenton-like activity was also studied. The BT45/HP + NIR group performed significantly better in tooth whitening than the HP + NIR group on various discolored teeth (stained by Orange II, tea, or rhodamine B). Excitingly, the same tooth whitening performance as the Opalescence Boost, a tooth bleaching product containing 40% HP, was obtained by a self-produced bleaching gel based on this novel system containing 12% HP. Besides, negligible enamel destruction, safe temperature range, and good cytocompatibility of TiO2-x nanoparticles also demonstrated the safety of this tooth bleaching strategy. This work indicated that the photothermal-enhanced Fenton-like performance of the TiO2-x-based system is highly promising in tooth bleaching application and can also be extended to other biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhaoyu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Suru Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruojing Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenjia Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics I, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Costa D, Meireles A, Ferreira JL, Alcântara P, Torres LA, Câmara JVF, Pierote JJ, Canuto MH, Araújo CT. Microabrasion effect on enamel susceptibility to penetration of hydrogen peroxide: an experimental and computational study. Odontology 2021; 109:770-778. [PMID: 33709251 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate in vitro transenamel/transdentinal of penetration of H2O2 after microabrasive. Computational models were performed to verify peroxide penetration and evaluate if geometric modifications could affect in vitro results. Enamel/dentin blocks from bovine incisors were prepared and randomly divided into groups (n = 15) according with abrasive (35% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6.6% hydrochloric acid and silica) and bleaching agents (16% carbamide peroxide and 35% H2O2). From artificial pulp chambers, the H2O2 concentration was measured and SEM was used for surface morphology. Numerical models were performed (Abaqus® v6.12) modifying slightly enamel/dentin thickness based on experimental data. All groups presented H2O2 penetration, although no significant difference was noted between the control and experimental groups (p > 0.05). The numerical analysis demonstrated the role of dental tissue thickness in the H2O2 penetration. Microabrasion is recommended as its association with bleaching procedures and small modifications in thicknesses of enamel/dentin can cause substantial changes in HP penetration. Such diffusion aspect is clinically relevant for the bleaching procedures since very thin enamel could present more peroxide propagation through dental tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Costa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Agnes Meireles
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Janaína Luciana Ferreira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Polyana Alcântara
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - João Victor Frazão Câmara
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil. .,Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Bauru, Brazil.
| | - Josué Junior Pierote
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sbaraini A, Adams GG, Reynolds EC. Experiences of oral health: before, during and after becoming a regular user of GC Tooth Mousse Plus ®. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:14. [PMID: 33413323 PMCID: PMC7792129 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical trials and laboratory studies from around the world have shown that GC Tooth Mousse Plus® (TMP) is effective in protecting teeth from tooth decay and erosion, buffering dental plaque pH, remineralising white spot lesions and reducing dentine hypersensitivity. However, no other study has assessed the experiences of oral health, before, during and after individuals becoming regular users of TMP. The aim of this study was to identify how participants' oral health status changed after introducing TMP into their oral hygiene routine. METHODS A qualitative study using Charmaz's grounded theory methodology was conducted. Fifteen purposively sampled regular users of TMP were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed after each interview. Data analysis consisted of transcript coding, detailed memo writing, and data interpretation. RESULTS Participants described their experiences of oral health and disease, before, during and after introducing TMP into their daily oral hygiene routine, together with the historical, biological, financial, psychosocial, and habitual dimensions of their experiences. Before becoming a regular user of TMP, participants described themselves as having a damaged mouth with vulnerable teeth, dry mouth, and sensitivity. Various aspects of participants' histories were relevant, such as, family history and history of oral disease. Having a damaged mouth with vulnerable teeth, dry mouth and sensitivity was explained by those elements. Despite some initial barriers, once being prescribed TMP by a dental professional, a three-fold process of change was initiated: starting a new oral hygiene routine, persevering daily, and experiencing reinforcing outcomes. This process led to a fundamental lifestyle change. Participants transitioned from having a damaged mouth with vulnerable teeth to having a comfortable mouth with strong teeth; at the same time participants felt empowered by this newly found status of being able to keep their teeth for life. Barriers and facilitators for incorporating TMP on daily oral hygiene routine were also identified. CONCLUSIONS Participants valued having a comfortable mouth with strong teeth, which did not require repeated restorations. Seeing concrete results in their mouths and experiencing a more comfortable mouth boosted adherence to daily applications of TMP, which was maintained over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sbaraini
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Geoffrey G. Adams
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Eric C. Reynolds
- Oral Health Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carminatti M, Benetti F, Siqueira RL, Zanotto ED, Briso ALF, Chaves-Neto AH, Cintra LTA. Experimental gel containing bioactive glass-ceramic to minimize the pulp damage caused by dental bleaching in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20190384. [PMID: 32520077 PMCID: PMC7299561 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study evaluated if the use of a bioactive glass-ceramic-based gel, named Biosilicate (BS), before, after or mixed with bleaching gel, could influence the inflammation of the dental pulp tissue of rats’ molars undergoing dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Methodology The upper molars of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were divided into Ble: bleached (35% H2O2, 30-min); Ble-BS: bleached and followed by BS-based gel application (20 min); BS-Ble: BS-based gel application and then bleaching; BS/7d-Ble: BS-based gel applications for 7 days and then bleaching; Ble+BS: blend of H2O2 with BS-based gel (1:1, 30-min); and control: placebo gel. After 2 and 30 days (n=10), the rats were euthanized for histological evaluation. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn statistical tests were performed (P<0.05). Results At 2 days, the Ble and Ble-BS groups had significant alterations in the pulp tissue, with an area of necrosis. The groups with the application of BS-based gel before H2O2 had moderate inflammation and partial disorganization in the occlusal third of the coronary pulp and were significantly different from the Ble in the middle and cervical thirds (P<0.05). The most favorable results were observed in the Ble+BS, which was similar to the control in all thirds of the coronary pulp (P>0.05). At 30 days, the pulp tissue was organized and the bleached groups presented tertiary dentin deposition. The Ble group had the highest deposition of tertiary dentin, followed by the Ble-BS, and both were different from control (P<0.05). Conclusion A single BS-based gel application beforehand or BS-based gel blended with a bleaching gel minimize the pulp damage induced by dental bleaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Carminatti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato Luiz Siqueira
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Laboratório de Materiais Vitreos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edgar Dutra Zanotto
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais, Laboratório de Materiais Vitreos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Terayama AM, Benetti F, de Araújo Lopes JM, Barbosa JG, Silva IJP, Sivieri-Araújo G, Briso ALF, Cintra LTA. Influence of low-level laser therapy on inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin deposition in the pulp of bleached teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3911-3921. [PMID: 32198660 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) using an infrared laser (IRL) and a red laser (RL) on the pulp of molar teeth in rats after dental bleaching to assess inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were randomly divided into eight groups with 10 hemimaxillae in each of the following: control; bleached (Ble, 35% hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]); Ble-1IRL and Ble-1RL (one IRL [808 nm, 30 s, 3 J] or RL [660 nm, 15 s, 1.5 J] application immediately after H2O2); Ble-3IRL and Ble-3RL (three [immediately, 24 h, and 48 h] IRL or RL applications after H2O2); and 3IRL and 3RL (three IRL or RL applications without bleaching). The rats were euthanized after 2 and 30 days for histological evaluation of inflammation (hematoxylin-eosin) and maturation of collagen fibers (picrosirius red). Additionally, the dentin deposition in the specimens obtained at 30 days was quantified via microtomography of the pulp chamber volume. Statistical analyses were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS Initially, severe damages to the pulp were observed in the Ble and Ble-1RL groups. Ble-1IRL and Ble-3RL groups showed lower inflammation. The bleached groups had a greater amount of mature collagen fibers than the control group. The Ble-3IRL group had a greater number of immature fibers than the Ble group. At 30 days, there was an absence of inflammation and equal proportion of mature and immature collagen fibers. All bleached groups showed a reduction in the volume of the pulp chamber. CONCLUSION Three consecutive applications of RL and one IRL application can minimize damage to the pulp of bleached teeth, whereas three IRL applications can minimize pulp fibrosis. However, LLLT did not prevent deposition of tertiary dentin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study describes LLLT protocols capable of minimizing inflammation and maturation of collagen fibers in pulp tissue after dental bleaching. However, the protocols proved insufficient for reducing the formation of tertiary dentin in bleached teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Miyuki Terayama
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araújo
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|