Clinical outcomes of diode laser as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy for residual periodontal pockets in mandibular second molars-a randomized controlled clinical trial

The effect of adjunctive LASER application on periodontal ligament stem cells

Periodontal regeneration involves the composite action of cell, scaffolds and signaling molecules. There are numerous autologous sources of regenerative cells which are present close to the vicinity of the periodontally debilitated site, the primary one being the periodontal ligament stem cell, which is believed to have a key role in regeneration. Various methods can be harnessed to optimize and enhance the regenerative potential of PDLSCs such as the application of LASERs. In the last few years there have been various studies which have evaluated the effect of different types of LASERs on PDLSCs and the present review summarizes the photo-biomodulative activity of LASERs in general and its beneficial role in the stimulation of PDLSC specifically.

The effect of layer thıckness on the accuracy of the dıfferent ın-house clear alıgner attachments

OBJECTIVE

The accuracy of the attachments, one of the key components of clear aligner therapy, is important for obtaining more precise tooth movement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the ovoid, hemi-ellipsoid, and vertical rectangular attachments produced by the digital light-processing(DLP) 3-dimensional printing technologies with 25 µm, 75 µm, and 125 µm layer thickness.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The ovoid, hemi-ellipsoid, and vertical rectangular attachments were positioned onto the convex surface of the central incisor by the software. The printing process was carried out by a DLP printer using a commercially printed resin with 25 µm, 75 µm, and 125 µm layer thickness (n = 30, for each group). All test models' digital data was exported into the reverse engineering software for the superimposition. After selecting the 5 comparison points for the ovoid and vertical rectangular attachments, and 6 comparison points for the hemi-ellipsoid attachment, the Root Mean Square (RMS) was evaluated for each group.

RESULTS

There is a statistically significant difference between the 25 µm and 125 µm layer thickness of total RMS values in the ovoid, hemi-ellipsoid, and vertical rectangular attachment groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.03, and p = 0.00 respectively). The printing time with the 25 µm layer thickness was 4 times longer than with the 125 µm layer thickness.

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed that the accuracy of the attachments used for in-house clear aligner therapy is affected by the layer thickness of the 3D printer.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The layer thickness of the 3D printer is a crucial factor in determining attachment accuracy, but its clinical significance is minimal. Clinicians should make informed decisions about the appropriate layer thickness, taking into account their workflow preferences, time constraints, and other practical considerations specific to their clinical practice.