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Wu SCJ, Hsu JW, Huang KL, Bai YM, Tu PC, Chen MH. Functional dysconnectivity of cerebellum and attention networks in emotional dysregulation shared between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder: a multimodal imaging study. CNS Spectr 2023; 28:470-477. [PMID: 35761511 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852922000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional dysregulation (ED) is a common characteristic of both attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), especially in adolescents. However, whether ADHD and MDD may share the specific ED-related neural networks remains unknown. METHODS In total, 43 adolescents with clinical ED (22 adolescents with ADHD and 21 with MDD) were recruited; in addition, 29 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis, voxel-based morphometry, and diffusion tensor imaging analysis were performed for each patient. In addition, we determined the significant regions of interest in patients with ED due to ADHD and MDD as compared with HCs and tested their correlations with clinical rating scale scores. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with ED had greater RSFC in the cerebellum and supramarginal gyrus (SMG), especially between vermis VI and the SMG in the attention networks, and lower RSFC between the right supplementary motor area and right lateral parietal area. Lower gray matter (GM) volume in the SMG was also found. RSFC was significantly correlated with clinical rating scale scores for all patients with ED due to ADHD or MDD. GM change was correlated with ED and MDD rating scale scores. DISCUSSION The cerebellum and attention networks might play major roles in ED pathophysiology in adolescents with ADHD and MDD. Increased connectivity of the vermis to the SMG serves as a possible underlying neural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Chin J Wu
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ju-Wei Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Lin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Mei Bai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wolff B, Franco VR, Magiati I, Cooper MN, Roberts R, Skoss R, Glasson EJ. Individual-Level Risk and Resilience Factors Associated with Mental Health in Siblings of Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Conditions: A Network Analysis. Dev Neuropsychol 2023; 48:112-134. [PMID: 36942456 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2023.2190119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Siblings of individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs) are exposed to unique family environments and experience a range of psychosocial risk and resilience factors. Networks of self-reported risk, resilience, and neuropsychiatric variables were estimated for siblings of individuals with (n = 235) and without (n = 480) NDCs (N = 715, mean age 22.40 years, 76% female, 74% White Caucasian). The NDC group reported more depressive (g = 0.39) and anxious (g = 0.43) symptoms than controls, and 71.5% of the NDC group reported at least one neuropsychiatric diagnosis compared to 36.9% of controls. Self-reported sleep and post-traumatic stress disorders were high amongst NDC siblings. Everyday executive functioning difficulties (cognitive inflexibility, hyperactivity/impulsivity) and emotion dysregulation were the most influential transdiagnostic risk factors for poorer functioning within the NDC group network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Wolff
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute , Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Vithor R Franco
- Department of Psych ology, São Francisco University, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Iliana Magiati
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Matthew N Cooper
- Telethon Kids Institute , Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rachel Roberts
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rachel Skoss
- Telethon Kids Institute , Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Institute for Health Research, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Perth, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia
| | - Emma J Glasson
- Telethon Kids Institute , Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, WA, Perth, Australia
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Karalunas SL, Antovich D, Miller N, Nigg JT. Prospective prediction of developing internalizing disorders in ADHD. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 64:768-778. [PMID: 36464786 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical course in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly heterogeneous with respect to both core symptoms and associated features and impairment. Onset of comorbid anxiety and mood disorders during later childhood and adolescence is one critical aspect of divergent outcomes in ADHD. Characterizing heterogeneity in onset of anxiety and depression and identifying prospective predictors of these divergent courses may facilitate early identification of the children most at risk. METHODS A total of 849 children recruited for a case-control study of ADHD development, aged 7-12 years at baseline, completed up to six annual waves of comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessment, including multi-informant behavior ratings, parent semi-structured clinical diagnostic interviews, and measures of executive function (EF). Latent class growth curve analyses (LCGAs) characterized patterns of anxiety and depression over time. Trajectories were predicted from baseline parent-rated child temperament, lab-measured child EF, coded parental criticism, and child-reported self-blame for inter-parental conflict. RESULTS Latent class growth curve analyses separately identified three trajectories for anxiety and three for depression: persistently high, persistently low, and increasing. Temperamental fear/sadness and irritability were independent predictors that interacted with family characteristics. Baseline parental criticism and self-blame for inter-parental conflict exerted influence but only in the context of low temperamental risk. Better baseline child working memory was associated with delayed onset of depression. CONCLUSIONS The interaction of baseline child emotional features with EF or family environment predicted divergent courses of both anxiety and depression from middle-childhood to mid-adolescence. Results suggest modifiable risk factors associated with prospective differences in long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dylan Antovich
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Natalie Miller
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Yue X, Liu L, Chen W, Preece DA, Liu Q, Li H, Wang Y, Qian Q. Affective-cognitive-behavioral heterogeneity of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Emotional dysregulation as a sentinel symptom differentiating "ADHD-simplex" and "ADHD-complex" syndromes? J Affect Disord 2022; 307:133-141. [PMID: 35367500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current DSM and ICD classifications of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exclude emotional dysregulation (ED) in their diagnostic criteria, despite ED symptoms frequently co-occurring in ADHD and likely sharing common neurobiological substrates. In this study, we examined whether consideration of ED symptoms could delineate more informative "ADHD+ED" subphenotypes. METHOD 4106 children with ADHD were recruited. ED and inattentive (IA) and hyperactive/impulsive (HI) symptoms were profiled using latent class analyses (LCA). The derived latent class (LC) subphenotypes were evaluated and validated in relation to comorbidity patterns, executive functions, and functional impairments. RESULTS Five LC subphenotypes with ED symptoms were identified: IA/HI + ED profile (LC1); HI + ED profile (LC2); IA + ED profile (LC3); IA/HI profile (LC4); and IA profile (LC5). Cross-validation of the LCA model using support vector machine analysis confirmed 83% accuracy. ED positive (ED+ve) subphenotypes were associated with higher rates of oppositional defiant disorder, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, as well as more severe autistic traits and sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms. Higher rates of ecological executive functioning impairments (BRIEF ratings) were found among ED+ve subphenotypes (though no differences were detected by laboratory-based measures). Functional impairments were also more severe among participants with ED+ve subphenotypes. LIMITATIONS The data for our LCA were cross-sectional and based primarily on parent ratings. CONCLUSION Our classification model has parcellated IA, HI, and ED symptoms into novel informative subphenotypes. These classifications provide preliminary evidence that ED symptoms could serve as sentinel features to identify a potential "ADHD-complex" syndrome, which demarcates a more pervasive condition of greater severity, complexity, and impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yue
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wai Chen
- Mental Health Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia; Graduate School of Education, University of Western Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; School of Psychology, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; The enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
| | - David A Preece
- The enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; School of Psychology, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Qianrong Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Haimei Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) & NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China.
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Serra M, Presicci A, Quaranta L, Caputo E, Achille M, Margari F, Croce F, Marzulli L, Margari L. Assessing Clinical Features of Adolescents Suffering from Depression Who Engage in Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020201. [PMID: 35204921 PMCID: PMC8870312 DOI: 10.3390/children9020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Depressive disorders (DDs) and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) are important juvenile mental health issues, showing alarming increasing rates. They frequently co-occur, mainly among adolescents, increasing the suicide risk. We aimed to compare the clinical features of two groups of adolescents with DDs, differed by their engagement or not in NSSI (“DD + NSSI” and “DD”). We hypothesized that NSSI would characterize particularly severe forms of DDs suitable for becoming specific phenotypes of adolescent depression. We enrolled 56 adolescents (11–17 years) diagnosed with a DD according to the DSM-5 criteria. They were assessed for NSSI endorsement (Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory), depressive symptoms (Children’s Depression Inventory 2), emotional dysregulation (Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale), and anxiety symptoms (Screen for Child Anxiety-Related Emotional Disorders). The two groups accounted for 31 (“DD + NSSI”) and 25 (“DD”) individuals. The “DD + NSSI” group had significantly higher suicidal ideation (p 0.0039), emotional dysregulation (p 0.0092), depressive symptoms (p 0.0138), and anxiety symptoms (p 0.0153) than the “DD” group. NSSI seemed to characterize more severe phenotypes of adolescent depression, applying for a potential role as a “specifier” of DDs, describing relevant information for their management. Further studies are needed to support this hypothesis and its potential opportunities for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Serra
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Presicci
- Department of Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, University Hospital “Policlinico”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Luigi Quaranta
- Department of Computer Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Elvita Caputo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Mariaclara Achille
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Francesco Margari
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (F.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Federica Croce
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (F.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Marzulli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (F.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucia Margari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (M.A.); (L.M.)
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Turning to the negative: attention allocation to emotional faces in adolescents with dysregulation profile-an event-related potential study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:381-392. [PMID: 33689026 PMCID: PMC7969549 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02319-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with irritability, temper outbursts, hyperactivity and mood swings often meet the dysregulation profile (DP) of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) or the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), which have been investigated over the past few decades. While the DP has emerged as a transdiagnostic marker with a negative impact on therapeutic outcome and psychosocial functioning, little is known about its underlying mechanisms such as attention and emotion regulation processes. In this study, we tested whether adolescent psychiatric patients (n = 27) with the SDQ-DP show impaired emotional face processing for task-irrelevant stimuli compared to psychiatric patients without the SDQ-DP (n = 30) and non-clinical adolescents (n = 21). Facial processing was tested with event-related potential (ERP) measures known to be modulated by attention (i.e., P1, N1, N170, P2, and Nc) during a modified Attention Network Task, to which task-irrelevant emotional stimuli (sad, fearful, and neutral faces) were added prior to the actual trial. The results reveal group differences in the orienting and in the conflicting network. Patients with DP showed a less efficient orienting network and the clinical control group showed a less efficient conflicting network. Moreover, patients with the dysregulation profile had a shorter N1/N170 latency than did the two control groups, suggesting that dysregulation in adolescents is associated with a faster but less arousing encoding of (task-irrelevant) emotional information and less top-down control.
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Mauri M, Grazioli S, Crippa A, Bacchetta A, Pozzoli U, Bertella S, Gatti E, Maggioni E, Rosi E, Diwadkar V, Brambilla P, Molteni M, Nobile M. Hemodynamic and behavioral peculiarities in response to emotional stimuli in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: An fNIRS study. J Affect Disord 2020; 277:671-680. [PMID: 32911217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit behavioral inhibition deficits, which often lead to emotional dysregulation (ED) affecting individual ability to control emotions and behavioral responses. In ADHD, ED is associated with poor outcomes and comorbidities, with both externalizing and internalizing disorders. This work aims to evaluate sensitivity to emotional stimuli in children with ADHD using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). METHODS During frontal fNIRS recording, 20 children with ADHD and 25 typically developing (TD) peers performed a visual continuous performance task with stimuli of different emotional content (i.e., positive, negative, neutral, and control stimuli without emotional content). This is a cognitive task designed to evaluate the ability to recognize emotional stimuli and to deal with emotional interference. RESULTS The ADHD sample showed more variability in response time to stimuli and more false alarms compared to TD group. fNIRS data showed between-group differences in right prefrontal and frontal cortices, with wider hemoglobin concentration changes in the TD group, during positive, negative, and neutral conditions. LIMITATIONS Owing to the limited possibility of near infrared light to penetrate tissue, fNIRS can only measure cortical activations, while it would be of interest to identify the subcortical areas linked to emotional processing, too. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest the presence of emotional processing deficits in children with ADHD, as suggested by poor performances on the e-CPT task, and of peculiar sensitivity to emotional stimuli, linked to atypical hemodynamics of right prefrontal and frontal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Mauri
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy; PhD Program in Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Grazioli
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Crippa
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Andrea Bacchetta
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Uberto Pozzoli
- Computational Biology, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Silvana Bertella
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Erika Gatti
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Rosi
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Vaibhav Diwadkar
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, United States
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Molteni
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Maria Nobile
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via Don Luigi Monza 20, 23842, Bosisio Parini (LC), Bosisio Parini, Italy
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Bender PK, Kim EL, Gentile DA. Gaming Disorder in Children and Adolescents: Risk Factors and Preventive Approaches. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Aebi M, Winkler Metzke C, Steinhausen HC. Predictors and outcomes of self-reported dysregulation profiles in youth from age 11 to 21 years. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:1349-1361. [PMID: 31758358 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01444-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the dysregulation profile (DP) consisting of high scores in aggression, attention problems, and anxious/depressed problems is still limited. The aims of the present study were threefold: (a) to analyze developmental trajectories of DP (b) to identify predictors of these trajectories, and (c) to study the outcome of DP in terms of mental disorders and criminal offenses in young adulthood. A sample of 402 individuals aged 11-14 years at baseline was followed up during adolescence and young adulthood. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify DP based on the youth self-report and the young adult self-report. Self-related cognitions, perceived parental behavior, life events and coping served as predictors, psychiatric diagnoses and criminal convictions in young adulthood as outcomes. There were three developmental trajectories representing high, moderate, and low DP subgroups with 9.2% of participants represented by the high DP subgroup. Among predictors, self-esteem (negative), self-awareness (positive), and high numbers of life events had the most consistent effect on high DP. Affective and anxiety disorders and any mental disorder were significant outcomes of the high DP subgroup in both sexes at the time of young adulthood. This first report on DP based on longitudinal self-reports shows that DP is stable for a sizeable proportion of youth during adolescence and young adulthood. The predictors for DP share some similarity with those predicting psychopathology in general. However, so far there seems to be no heightened risk for the development of crime in the concerned individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Aebi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Neptunstrasse 60, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Christa Winkler Metzke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Institute of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Capital Region Psychiatry, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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de la Torre-Luque A, Fiol-Veny A, Balle M, Nelemans SA, Bornas X. Anxiety in Early Adolescence: Heterogeneous Developmental Trajectories, Associations with Risk Factors and Depressive Symptoms. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:527-541. [PMID: 31630311 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00936-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed: (1) to identify heterogeneous trajectories of anxiety symptoms in early adolescence; (2) to analyze the relationships between risk factors and identified trajectories; (3) to study the association between anxiety symptom trajectories and depression symptom course. Anxiety and depressive symptoms of 825 participants (44.40% boys; mean initial age = 13.01, SD = 0.56) was assessed every 6 months over an 18-month period. Trajectory identification relied on latent-variable approach. As a result, 2-4 trajectories were identified for social phobia (SP), generalized anxiety (GA) and panic symptoms, revealing at least a low-symptom course and a trajectory of elevated symptoms (at-risk trajectory). Being girl and sibling cohabitation were related to at-risk trajectories, and a course of low effortful control and heightened negative affectivity. Finally, SP and GA symptoms were related to heightened depressive symptom courses. Relevant implications towards tailored prevention and intervention are highlighted to promote a healthy development across adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro de la Torre-Luque
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 4 Arzobispo Morcillo Street, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aina Fiol-Veny
- Research Institute of Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Maria Balle
- Research Institute of Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Stefanie A Nelemans
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xavier Bornas
- Research Institute of Health Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Illes Balears, Spain
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Correlates of the Dysregulation Profile Among Emerging Adults. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-020-09807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Heinrich H, Gevensleben H, Becker A, Rothenberger A. Effects of neurofeedback on the dysregulation profile in children with ADHD: SCP NF meets SDQ-DP - a retrospective analysis. Psychol Med 2020; 50:258-263. [PMID: 30674360 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291718004130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) usually show psychopathological signs beyond their core symptoms (e.g. elevated scores of the dysregulation profile (DP) in 30-40%), treatments with a broader approach to self-regulation skills may be supportive. Neurofeedback (NF) may reflect such an option. Aim of the present analysis was to compare the effects of slow cortical potential (SCP) NF and θ/β NF on the DP using data from a previous trial. METHODS Thirty children with ADHD (aged 8-12 years) and a DP score in the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-DP) ⩾ 3 were included. NF treatment consisted of one block of SCP NF and one block of θ/β NF (18 units per block) allowing an intraindividual comparison. Effects of the NF protocols were also contrasted to a control group (n = 18) that completed an attention skills training (between-group analysis). RESULTS Regarding the SDQ-DP, SCP NF was superior to θ/β NF and the control condition. Effects of SCP NF and θ/β NF on ADHD symptom severity were not significantly different. The SDQ-DP score did not correlate with EEG-related measures previously found to be predictors for SCP NF on ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS SCP NF may reflect a more general approach to improve cognitive, emotional and behavioral self-regulation skills. If confirmed in a larger sample, the SDQ-DP score could be used as an indication criterion and contribute to the individualization of NF in ADHD. Overall, the differential effect provides further evidence for the specificity of NF effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Heinrich
- Department of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- kbo-Heckscher-Klinikum, Munich, Germany
- Research Institute Brainclinics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (Research Fellow)
| | - Holger Gevensleben
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Aribert Rothenberger
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Revisiting parent-child interactions in early childhood as relevant factor in the development of ADHD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 28:1155-1157. [PMID: 31512051 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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