1
|
Pasha MH, Gondal HY, Munir S, Alhussain SA, Zaki MEA. New enantioenriched β-indolyl ketones as aromatase inhibitors: Unraveling heme-ligand interactions by MD simulation and MMPBSA analysis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400010. [PMID: 38578079 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
A series of enantioenriched β-indolyl ketones as aromatase inhibitors (AI) is synthesized through the Michael-type Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indole. A highly efficient bifunctionalized amino catalyst is developed to access structurally diverse β-indolyl ketones in high yields (up to 91%) and excellent enantioselectivity (enantiomeric ratio up to 98:2). All the synthesized compounds demonstrated promising aromatase inhibitory potential, where ortho-substituted analogs (3c and 3e) were found most active with IC50 values of 0.68 and 0.90 µM, respectively. Both of these compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.34 and 0.37 µM) against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line in the (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds demonstrate favorable binding interactions with the estrogens controlling CYP19A1 (3EQM) and metabolizing CYP3A4 (5VCC) enzymes. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation analysis revealed the essentiality of heme-ligand interactions to build a stable protein-ligand complex. An average root mean square deviation of 0.35 nm observed during a 100-ns MD simulation and binding free energy in the range of -190 to -227 kJ/mol calculated by g_mmpbsa analysis authenticated the stability of the 3c-3EQM complex. ADMET and drug-likeness parameters supported the suitability of these indole derivatives as the drug lead to develop potent inhibitors for estrogen-dependent breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maira Hasnain Pasha
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Shanza Munir
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sami A Alhussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdi E A Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Farghaly AM, AboulWafa OM, Baghdadi HH, Abd El Razik HA, Sedra SMY, Shamaa MM. New thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-based derivatives: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation as antiproliferative agents, EGFR and ARO inhibitors inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105208. [PMID: 34365057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
An array of newly synthesized thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine-based derivatives and thienotriazolopyrimidines hybridized with some pharmacophoric anticancer fragments were designed, synthesized and assessed for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines using erlotinib and pictilisib as reference standards in the MTT assay. In general, many compounds were endowed with considerable antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 0.43-1.31 µM). Some of the tested compounds, namely 3c, 5b, 5c, 9d, 10, 11b and 13 displayed remarkable antiproliferative activity against both cell lines. Meanwhile, compounds 2c-e, 3b, 4a, 5a, 9c and 15b showed noticeable selectivity against MCF-7 cells while compounds 2b, 3a, 4b, 6a-c, 7, 8, 9b and 12 exhibited considerable selectivity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Further mechanistic evidences for their anticancer activities were provided by screening the most potent compounds against MCF-7 and/or MDA-MB-231 cells for EGFR and ARO inhibitory activities using erlotinib and letrozole as reference standards respectively. Results proved that, in general, tested compounds were better EGFRIs than ARIs. In addition, significant overexpression in caspase-9 level in treated MCF-7 breast cell line samples was observed for all tested compounds with the 4-fluorophenylhydrazone derivative 2d exhibiting the highest activation. In treated MDA-MB-231 breast cell line samples, 11b was found to highly induce caspase-9 level thereby inducing apoptosis. Cell cycle analysis and Annexin V-FITC/PI assay were also assessed for active compounds where results indicated that all tested compounds induced preG1 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Compound 9d, as an inhibitor of ARO, was observed to downregulate the downstream signaling proteins HSP27 and p-ERK in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, compound 11b downregulated EGFR expression as well as the downstream signaling protein p-AKT. Docking experiments on EGFR and ARO enzymes supported their in vitro results. Thus, the thienotriazolopyrimidines 11b and 12 showing good EGFR inhibition and the thieno[3,2-d]-pyrimidine derivatives 3b and 9d, eliciting the best ARO inhibition activity, can be considered as new candidates as anti-breast cancer agents that necessitate further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Farghaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omaima M AboulWafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hoda H Baghdadi
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba A Abd El Razik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 21521 Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Samir M Y Sedra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marium M Shamaa
- Clinical and Biological Sciences (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) Department, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qureshi S, Khandelwal R, Madhavi M, Khurana N, Gupta N, Choudhary SK, Suresh RA, Hazarika L, Srija CD, Sharma K, Hindala MR, Hussain T, Nayarisseri A, Singh SK. A Multi-target Drug Designing for BTK, MMP9, Proteasome and TAK1 for the Clinical Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:790-818. [PMID: 33463471 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666210119112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the mutation and overexpression of the cyclin D1 protein by the reciprocal chromosomal translocation t(11;14)(q13:q32). AIM The present study aims to identify potential inhibition of MMP9, Proteasome, BTK, and TAK1 and determine the most suitable and effective protein target for the MCL. METHODOLOGY Nine known inhibitors for MMP9, 24 for proteasome, 15 for BTK and 14 for TAK1 were screened. SB-3CT (PubChem ID: 9883002), oprozomib (PubChem ID: 25067547), zanubrutinib (PubChem ID: 135565884) and TAK1 inhibitor (PubChem ID: 66760355) were recognized as drugs with high binding capacity with their respective protein receptors. 41, 72, 102 and 3 virtual screened compounds were obtained after the similarity search with compound (PubChem ID:102173753), PubChem compound SCHEMBL15569297 (PubChem ID:72374403), PubChem compound SCHEMBL17075298 (PubChem ID:136970120) and compound CID: 71814473 with best virtual screened compounds. RESULT MMP9 inhibitors show commendable affinity and good interaction profile of compound holding PubChem ID:102173753 over the most effective established inhibitor SB-3CT. The pharmacophore study of the best virtual screened compound reveals its high efficacy based on various interactions. The virtual screened compound's better affinity with the target MMP9 protein was deduced using toxicity and integration profile studies. CONCLUSION Based on the ADMET profile, the compound (PubChem ID: 102173753) could be a potent drug for MCL treatment. Similar to the established SB-3CT, the compound was non-toxic with LD50 values for both the compounds lying in the same range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahrukh Qureshi
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravina Khandelwal
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maddala Madhavi
- Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500001, Telangana State, India
| | - Naveesha Khurana
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Gupta
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saurav K Choudhary
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Revathy A Suresh
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Lima Hazarika
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chillamcherla D Srija
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mali R Hindala
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore - 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev K Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Avvaru SP, Noolvi MN, More UA, Chakraborty S, Dash A, Aminabhavi TM, Narayan KP, Sutariya V. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Thiadiazole Containing Thiourea, Benzothiazole and Imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole Scaffolds. Med Chem 2020; 17:750-765. [PMID: 32427086 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200519085626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A great array of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings were being extensively explored for their functional versatility in the field of medicine, especially in anticancer research. 1,3,4- thiadiazole is one of such heterocyclic rings with promising anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines, inhibiting diverse biological targets. INTRODUCTION The 1,3,4-thiadiazole, when equipped with other heterocyclic scaffolds, has displayed enhanced anticancer properties. The thiourea, benzothiazole, imidazo[2,1,b][1,3,4]-thiadiazoles are such potential scaffolds with promising anticancer activity. METHODS A new series of 5-substituted-1,3,4-thiadiazoles linked with phenyl thiourea, benzothiazole and 2,6-disubstituted imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized and tested for invitro anticancer activity on various cancer cell lines. RESULTS The National Cancer Institute's preliminary anticancer screening results showed compounds 4b and 5b having potent antileukemic activity. Compound 4b selectively showed 32 percent lethality on Human Leukemia-60 cell line. The docking studies of the derivatives on aromatase enzyme (Protein Data Bank: 3S7S) have shown reversible interactions at the active site with good docking scores comparable to Letrozole and Exemestane. Furthermore, the selected derivatives were tested for anticancer activity on HeLa cell line based on the molecular docking studies. CONCLUSION Compounds 4b and 5b showed effective inhibition equivalent to Letrozole. These preliminary biological screening studies have given positive anticancer activity for these new classes of derivatives. An additional research study like the mechanism of action of the anticancer activity of this new class of compounds is necessary. These groundwork studies illuminate a future pathway for research of this class of compounds enabling the discovery of potent antitumor agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Avvaru
- Department of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Malleshappa N Noolvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Surat, India
| | - Uttam A More
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Surat, India
| | | | - Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Kumar P Narayan
- Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Vishnu Sutariya
- Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shree Dhanvantary Pharmacy College, Surat, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rationally Designed Ruthenium Complexes for Breast Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020265. [PMID: 31936496 PMCID: PMC7024301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the anticancer potential of ruthenium-based complexes, several species were reported as promising candidates for the treatment of breast cancer, which accounts for the greatest number of new cases in women every year worldwide. Among these ruthenium complexes, species containing bioactive ligand(s) have attracted increasing attention due to their potential multitargeting properties, leading to anticancer drug candidates with a broader range of cellular targets/modes of action. This review of the literature aims at providing an overview of the rationally designed ruthenium-based complexes that have been reported to date for which ligands were carefully selected for the treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancers (estrogen receptor (ER+) or progesterone receptor (PR+)). In addition, this brief survey highlights some of the most successful examples of ruthenium complexes reported for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive type of cancer, regardless of if their ligands are known to have the ability to achieve a specific biological function.
Collapse
|
6
|
Spinello A, Ritacco I, Magistrato A. Recent advances in computational design of potent aromatase inhibitors: open-eye on endocrine-resistant breast cancers. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1065-1076. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1646245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Spinello
- National Research Council - Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Ida Ritacco
- National Research Council - Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Magistrato
- National Research Council - Istituto Officina dei Materiali c/o International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
van Dijk M, ter Laak AM, Wichard JD, Capoferri L, Vermeulen NPE, Geerke DP. Comprehensive and Automated Linear Interaction Energy Based Binding-Affinity Prediction for Multifarious Cytochrome P450 Aromatase Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:2294-2308. [PMID: 28776988 PMCID: PMC5615371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19A1) plays a key role in the development of estrogen dependent breast cancer, and aromatase inhibitors have been at the front line of treatment for the past three decades. The development of potent, selective and safer inhibitors is ongoing with in silico screening methods playing a more prominent role in the search for promising lead compounds in bioactivity-relevant chemical space. Here we present a set of comprehensive binding affinity prediction models for CYP19A1 using our automated Linear Interaction Energy (LIE) based workflow on a set of 132 putative and structurally diverse aromatase inhibitors obtained from a typical industrial screening study. We extended the workflow with machine learning methods to automatically cluster training and test compounds in order to maximize the number of explained compounds in one or more predictive LIE models. The method uses protein-ligand interaction profiles obtained from Molecular Dynamics (MD) trajectories to help model search and define the applicability domain of the resolved models. Our method was successful in accounting for 86% of the data set in 3 robust models that show high correlation between calculated and observed values for ligand-binding free energies (RMSE < 2.5 kJ mol-1), with good cross-validation statistics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc van Dijk
- AIMMS
Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jörg D. Wichard
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals Division, Müllerstrasse
178, D-13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luigi Capoferri
- AIMMS
Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nico P. E. Vermeulen
- AIMMS
Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daan P. Geerke
- AIMMS
Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Minnelli C, Cianfruglia L, Laudadio E, Galeazzi R, Pisani M, Crucianelli E, Bizzaro D, Armeni T, Mobbili G. Selective induction of apoptosis in MCF7 cancer-cell by targeted liposomes functionalised with mannose-6-phosphate. J Drug Target 2017; 26:242-251. [PMID: 28795851 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2017.1365873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are versatile platforms to carry anticancer drugs in targeted drug delivery; they can be surface modified by different strategies and, when coupled with targeting ligands, are able to increase cellular internalisation and organelle-specific drug delivery. An interesting strategy of antitumoral therapy could involve the use of lysosomotropic ligand-targeted liposomes loaded with molecules, which can induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), leakage of cathepsins into the cytoplasm and subsequent apoptosis. We have previously demonstrated the ability of liposomes functionalised with a mannose-6-phosphate to reach lysosomes; in this research we compare the behaviour of M6P-modified and non-functionalised liposomes in MCF7 tumour cell and in HDF normal cells. With this aim, we first demonstrated by Western blotting the overexpression of mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor (M6P/IGF-II) receptor in MCF7. Then, we prepared calcein-loaded liposomes and we revealed the increased uptake of M6P-functionalised liposomes in MCF7 cells respect to HDF cells by flow cytometry analysis. Finally, we loaded functionalised and not functionalised liposomes with N-hexanoyl-d-erythro-sphingosine (C6Cer), able to initiate LMP-induced apoptosis; after having studied the stability of both vesicles in the presence of serum by Dynamic Light Scattering and Spectrophotometric turbidity measurements, we showed that ceramide-loaded M6P-liposomes significantly increased apoptosis in MCF7 with respect to HDF cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Minnelli
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Laura Cianfruglia
- b Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Emiliano Laudadio
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Michela Pisani
- c Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Emanuela Crucianelli
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Davide Bizzaro
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Tatiana Armeni
- b Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Giovanna Mobbili
- a Department of Life and Environmental Sciences , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fedeli D, Montani M, Bordoni L, Galeazzi R, Nasuti C, Correia-Sá L, Domingues VF, Jayant M, Brahmachari V, Massaccesi L, Laudadio E, Gabbianelli R. In vivo and in silico studies to identify mechanisms associated with Nurr1 modulation following early life exposure to permethrin in rats. Neuroscience 2017; 340:411-423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
10
|
Niu L, Ding L, Lu C, Zuo F, Yao K, Xu S, Li W, Yang D, Xu X. Flavokawain A inhibits Cytochrome P450 in in vitro metabolic and inhibitory investigations. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 191:350-359. [PMID: 27318274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Flavokawain A, the major chalcone in kava extracts, was served as beverages for informal social occasions and traditional ceremonials in most South Pacific islands. It exhibited strong antiproliferative and apoptotic effects against human prostate and urinary bladder cancer cells. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study was purposed to investigate the interaction between Flavokawain A and Cytochrome P450, including the inhibitory effects of Flavokawain A on predominant CYP450 isotypes and further clarified the inhibitory mechanism of FKA on CYP450 enzymes. Besides, study about identifying the key CYP450 isotypes responsible for the metabolism of FKA was also performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, probe-based assays with rat liver microsome system were used to characterize the inhibitory effects of FKA. Molecular docking study was performed to further explore the binding site of FKA on CYP450 isoforms. In addition, chemical inhibition experiments using specific inhibitors (a-naphthoflavone, quinidine, sulfamethoxazde, ketoconazole, omeprazole) were performed to clarify the individual CYP450 isoform that are responsible for the metabolism of FKA. RESULTS FKA showed significant inhibition on CYP1A2, CYP2D1, CYP2C6 and CYP3A2 activities with IC50 values of 102.23, 20.39, 69.95, 60.22μmol/L, respectively. The inhibition model was competitive, mixed-inhibition, uncompetitive, and noncompetitive for CYP1A2, CYP2D1, CYP2C6 and CYP3A2 enzymes. Molecular docking study indicated the ligand-binding conformation of FKA in the active site of CYP450 isoforms. The chemical inhibition experiments showed that the metabolic clearance rate of Flavokawain A decreased to 19.84%, 50.38%, and 67.02% of the control in the presence of ketoconazole, sulfamethoxazde and a-naphthoflavone. CONCLUSION The study showed that Flavokawain A has varying inhibitory effect on CYP450 enzymes and CYP3A2 was the principal CYP isoform contributing to the metabolism of Flavokawain A. Besides, CYP2C6 and CYP1A2 isoforms also play important roles in the metabolism of FKA. Our results provided a basis for better understanding the biotransformation of FKA and prediction of drug-drug interaction of FKA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Niu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunyun Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Zuo
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaobo Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Donghua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Xia Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Ke Xue Road, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Viciano I, Martí S. Theoretical Study of the Mechanism of Exemestane Hydroxylation Catalyzed by Human Aromatase Enzyme. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:3331-43. [PMID: 26972150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human aromatase (CYP19A1) aromatizes the androgens to form estrogens via a three-step oxidative process. The estrogens are necessary in humans, mainly in women, because of the role they play in sexual and reproductive development. However, these also are involved in the development and growth of hormone-dependent breast cancer. Therefore, inhibition of the enzyme aromatase, by means of drugs known as aromatase inhibitors, is the frontline therapy for these types of cancers. Exemestane is a suicidal third-generation inhibitor of aromatase, currently used in breast cancer treatment. In this study, the hydroxylation of exemestane catalyzed by aromatase has been studied by means of hybrid QM/MM methods. The Free Energy Perturbation calculations provided a free energy of activation for the hydrogen abstraction step (rate-limiting step) of 17 kcal/mol. The results reveal that the hydroxylation of exemestane is not the inhibition stage, suggesting a possible competitive mechanism between the inhibitor and the natural substrate androstenedione in the first catalytic subcycle of the enzyme. Furthermore, the analysis of the interaction energy for the substrate and the cofactor in the active site shows that the role of the enzymatic environment during this reaction consists of a transition state stabilization by means of electrostatic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Viciano
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I , 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Sergio Martí
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I , 12071 Castelló, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cai J, Li J, Zhang J, Ding S, Liu G, Li W, Tang Y. Computational insights into inhibitory mechanism of azole compounds against human aromatase. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19602g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the inhibitory mechanism of azole aromatase inhibitors. The results showed that letrozole and imazalil prefer different unbinding pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinya Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Junhao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Shihui Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| | - Yun Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Insights into the influence of 5-HT2c aminoacidic variants with the inhibitory action of serotonin inverse agonists and antagonists. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2120. [PMID: 24562856 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Specific modulation of serotonin 5-HT(2C) G protein-coupled receptors may be therapeutic for obesity and neuropsychiatric disorders. The different efficacy of drugs targeting these receptors are due to the presence of genetic variants in population and this variability is still hard to predict. Therefore, in order to administer the more suitable drug, taking into account patient genotype, it is necessary to know the molecular effects of its gene nucleotide variations. In this work, starting from an accurate 3D model of 5-HT(2C), we focus on the prediction of the possible effect of some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) producing amino acidic changes in proximity of the 5-HT(2C) ligand binding site. Particularly we chose a set of 5-HT(2C) inverse agonists and antagonists which have high inhibitory activity. After prediction of the structures of the receptor-ligand complexes using molecular docking tools, we performed full atom molecular dynamics simulations in explicit lipid bilayer monitoring the interactions between ligands and trans-membrane helices of the receptor, trying to infer relations with their biological activity. Serotonin, as the natural ligand was chosen as reference compound to advance a hypothesis able to explain the receptor inhibition mechanism. Indeed we observed a different behavior between the antagonists and inverse agonist with respect to serotonin or unbounded receptor, which could be responsible, even if not directly, of receptor's inactivation. Furthermore, we analyzed five aminoacidic variants of 5HT(2C) receptor observing alterations in the interactions between ligands and receptor which give rise to changes of free energy values for every complex considered.
Collapse
|
14
|
Favia AD, Nicolotti O, Stefanachi A, Leonetti F, Carotti A. Computational methods for the design of potent aromatase inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:395-409. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.768983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Danilo Favia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”,
via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy ;
- Lilly China R&D Center,
Building 8, 338 Jia Li Lue Road Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Pudong, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”,
via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy ;
| | - Angela Stefanachi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”,
via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy ;
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”,
via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy ;
| | - Angelo Carotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”,
via Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy ;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Setti A, Venugopal Rao V, Priyamvada Devi A, Pawar SC, Naresh B, Kalyan CSVV. Impact of Aromatase protein variants and drug interactions in breast cancer: a molecular docking approach. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2012; 32:225-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2012.693088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|