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Merino-García MDR, Soriano-Agueda LA, Guzmán-Hernández JDD, Martínez-Otero D, Landeros Rivera B, Cortés-Guzmán F, Barquera-Lozada JE, Jancik V. Benzene and Borazine, so Different, yet so Similar: Insight from Experimental Charge Density Analysis. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6785-6798. [PMID: 35472275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although benzene and borazine are isoelectronic and isostructural, they have very different electronic structures, mainly due to the polar nature of the B-N bond. Herein, we present an experimental study of the charge density distribution obtained from the multipole model formalism and Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR) based on high-resolution X-ray diffraction data of borazine B3N3H6 (1) and B,B',B″-trichloroborazine (2) crystals. These data are compared to those obtained from HAR for benzene (4) and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (5) and further compared with values obtained from density functional theory calculations in the gas phase, where N,N',N″-trichloroborazine (3) was also included. The results confirm that, unlike benzene, borazines are only weakly aromatic with an island-like electronic delocalization within the B3N3 ring involving only the nitrogen atoms. Furthermore, delocalization indices and interacting quantum atom energy for bonded and non-bonded atoms were found to be highly suitable indicators capable of describing the origin of the discrepancies observed when the degree of aromaticity in 2 and 3 is evaluated using common aromaticity indices. Additionally, analysis of intermolecular interactions in the crystals brings further evidence of a weakly aromatic character of the borazines as it reveals surprising similarities between the crystal packing of borazine and benzene and also between B,B',B″-trichloroborazine and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rosario Merino-García
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México C.P. 50200, México
| | - Luis Antonio Soriano-Agueda
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Juan de Dios Guzmán-Hernández
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México C.P. 50200, México
| | - Diego Martínez-Otero
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México C.P. 50200, México.,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Bruno Landeros Rivera
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, LCT, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Fernando Cortés-Guzmán
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México C.P. 50200, México.,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - José Enrique Barquera-Lozada
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México
| | - Vojtech Jancik
- Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco, km. 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México C.P. 50200, México.,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad de México 04510, México
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2
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Shu Y, Sun J, Yue Y, Ye K, Lu R. Visible Light Triggered Actuators Based on the Molecular Crystals of Anthracenecarbonitrile Undergoing Reversible [4+4] Cycloaddition. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingbo Sun
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yuan Yue
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- Jilin University College of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Ran Lu
- Jilin University College of Chemistry 2519 JieFang Road 130021 Changchun CHINA
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3
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Doust Mohammadi M, Abdullah HY, Kalamse VG, Chaudhari A. Interaction of halomethane CH3Z (Z = F, Cl, Br) with X12Y12 (X = B, Al, Ga & Y = N, P, As) nanocages. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Mary YS, Mary YS, Resmi KS, Sarala S, Yadav R, Celik I. Modeling the structural and reactivity properties of hydrazono methyl-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives-wavefunction-dependent properties, molecular docking, and dynamics simulation studies. J Mol Model 2021; 27:186. [PMID: 34036470 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study explains the vibration and interaction of three pharmaceutically active hydrazine derivatives, (E)-3-((2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)hydrazono)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (DFH), (E)-3-((2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hydrazono)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (TMH), and (E)-3-((2-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hydrazono)methyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (BPH) using theoretical approach. The trend in chemical reactivity and stability of the studied compounds was observed to show increasing stability and decreasing reactivity and this was obtained from orbital energies. The effect of bromine and chlorine atoms, instead of fluorine atoms, is also noted. Surface analysis on the covalent bond was attained by ELF and LOL analysis. Biological activities were predicted using molecular docking studies. Docking results were analyzed with standard drugs, 5-fluorouracil/piperine. Antitumor activity of hydrazine derivatives was found to be higher than reference ones. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed for 100 ns to validate the stability behavior of hydrazine derivatives with the dual specificity threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK) protein. RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and intermolecular analysis of DFH, TMH, and BPH with threonine tyrosine kinase forms stable ligand-protein interactions. The molecular and predictive biological properties of three pharmaceutically active hydrazine derivatives which can be helpful to researchers in future experimental validation through in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sheena Mary
- Researcher, Thushara, Neethinagar-64, Kollam, Kerala, India.
| | - Y Shyma Mary
- Researcher, Thushara, Neethinagar-64, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - K S Resmi
- Researcher, Thiruvalluvarpuram Main Street Number 5, Chennai, India
| | - S Sarala
- Department of Physics, Kanchi Shri Krishna College of Arts and Science, Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, 631551, India
| | - Rohitash Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, 249203, India
| | - Ismail Celik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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5
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On the aromaticity of uracil and its 5-halogeno derivatives as revealed by theoretically derived geometric and magnetic indexes. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01682-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe problem of aromaticity in heterocyclic rings of uracil and its 5-halogenoderivatives (5XU) was analyzed theoretically by calculating modified harmonic oscillator model of aromaticity (HOMA) for Heterocycle Electron Delocalization (HOMHED), nucleus-independent chemical shift parameters (NICS) and the so-called scan experiments, using helium-3 atom as a magnetic probe. The impact of halogen electronegativity on C5 atom’s NBO charges was also investigated. Water, as a polar environment, has a negligible impact on 5XU aromaticity. The most stable diketo tautomer shows a very low aromaticity while the “rare” dihydroxy form (tautomer No 6) is aromatic and resembles benzene. This is in agreement with traditional drawing of chemical formula of uracil’s six-membered ring, directly showing three alternating single and double bonds in its tautomer No 6. No good correlation between magnetic and geometric indexes of aromaticity for the studied 5XU tautomers was found. Linear correlation between the magnitude of NICS minimum, as well as the distance of the minimum above uracil ring plane center from 3He NMR chemical shift scan plot with respect to halogen electronegativity were observed. A strong linear dependence of magnetic index of aromaticity and the electronegativity of 5X substituent was observed.
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6
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Zhang L, Li D. A theoretical investigation on the complexes of B 3O 3H 3 with acetylene and its substituted derivatives. J Mol Model 2019; 25:332. [PMID: 31701364 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complexes of B3O3H3 with acetylene and its substituted derivatives C2HX (X=H, F, Cl, Br, CH3, NH2) are explored by theoretical calculations using MP2 and M06-2X methods with aug-cc-pVDZ as the basis set. The different molecular electrostatic potential features of B3O3H3 with benzene (C6H6) and borazine (B3N3H6) result in different stable structures of the complexes with C2HX. The geometric analysis indicates that the global minimum is the parallel stacked (PS) structure with the linear C-C triple bond lies on the top of B3O3H3, and this is much different from that of the B3N3H6...C2HX complex, in which the C-H bond directs towards the B3N3H6 ring (T-shaped). The H-bonded structure where the C-H interacts with the O atom of B3O3H3 is found to be a local minimum. Besides, there is an additional X…O halogen-bonded structures for the B3O3H3…C2HX (X=Cl, Br) complexes. As for the PS geometry, when one H atom in C2H2 is replaced by different X groups, the binding energies of the complexes increases in the order of F<H<Cl<Br<CH3<NH2, which is mainly determined by the strength of the π-hole bond. The nature of interaction in these complexes is further studied by the atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis indicates that the main orbital interaction arises from LPX→BD*B‑O for B3O3H3…C2HX (X=Cl, Br, NH2), and BDC‑C→BD*B‑O for B3O3H3…C2HX (X=H, CH3) complexes. Complexes of B3O3H3 with acetylene and its substituted derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Safety Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dazhi Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Safety Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256600, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Costa A, López‐Castillo A. Polyazulenes and Polynaphthalenes: Prediction and Computational Study. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Costa
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - A. López‐Castillo
- Chemistry DepartmentUniversidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
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