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Mustafa G, Shafiq I, Shaikh QUA, Mustafa A, Zahid R, Rasool F, Asghar MA, Baby R, Alshehri SM, Haroon M. Quantum Chemical Exploration of A-π 1-D 1-π 2-D 2-Type Compounds for the Exploration of Chemical Reactivity, Optoelectronic, and Third-order Nonlinear Optical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22673-22683. [PMID: 37396273 PMCID: PMC10308399 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds exhibit significant nonlinear optical (NLO) properties and can be utilized in various areas like optical parameters, fiber optics, and optical communication. Herein, a series of chromophores (DBTD1-DBTD6) with an A-π1-D1-π2-D2 framework was derived from a prepared compound (DBTR) by varying the structure of π-spacer and terminal acceptor. The DBTR and its investigated compounds were optimized at the M06/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), nonlinear optical (NLO) properties, global reactivity parameters (GRPs), natural bonding orbital (NBO), transition density matrix (TDM), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and natural population analysis (NPA) were accomplished at the abovementioned level to describe the NLO findings. DBTD6 has the lowermost band gap (2.131 eV) among all of the derived compounds. The decreasing order of highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) energy gap values was DBTR > DBTD1 > DBTD2 > DBTD3 > DBTD4 > DBTD5 > DBTD6. The NBO analysis was carried out to describe noncovalent interactions such as conjugative interactions and electron delocalization. From all of the examined substances, DBTD5 showed the highest λmax value at 593.425 nm (in the gaseous phase) and 630.578 nm (in chloroform solvent). Moreover, the βtot and ⟨γ⟩ amplitudes of DBTD5 were noticed to be relatively greater at 1.140 × 10-27 and 1.331 × 10-32 esu, respectively. So, these outcomes disclosed that DBTD5 depicted the highest linear and nonlinear properties in comparison to the other designed compounds, which underlines that it could make a significant contribution to hi-tech NLO devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Shafiq
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Qurat-ul-ain Shaikh
- Institute
of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University
Khairpur, Khairpur 66111, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Mustafa
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Romaisa Zahid
- Institute
of Chemistry, Khwaja Fareed University of
Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Centre
for Theoretical and Computational Research, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering & Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Rasool
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan Asghar
- Department
of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Baby
- Department
of education, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Saad M. Alshehri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E. High Street, Oxford, Ohio 45056, United States
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