1
|
Gao L, Tian Y, Gao W, Xu G. Recent Developments and Challenges in Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4289. [PMID: 39001071 PMCID: PMC11244314 DOI: 10.3390/s24134289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) have the advantages of easy miniaturization, even chip integration, easy carrying, strong stability, and more favorable detection in complex environments. They have been widely used in conjunction with portable, wearable, and intelligent detection devices, as well as in on-site analysis and timely monitoring in the fields of environment, industry, and medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of the composition of sensors based on redox capacitive and double-layer capacitive SC-ISEs, as well as the ion-electron transduction mechanisms in the solid-contact (SC) layer, particularly focusing on strategies proposed in the past three years (since 2021) for optimizing the performance of SC-ISEs. These strategies include the construction of ion-selective membranes, SC layer, and conductive substrates. Finally, the future research direction and possibilities in this field are discussed and prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China;
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Wenyue Gao
- Shandong Provincial Center for In-Situ Marine Sensors, Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hui X, Asaduzzaman M, Zahed MA, Sharma S, Jeong S, Song H, Faruk O, Park JY. Multifunctional Siloxene-Decorated Laser-Inscribed Graphene Patch for Sweat Ion Analysis and Electrocardiogram Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9725-9735. [PMID: 38378454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Potentiometric detection in complex biological fluids enables continuous electrolyte monitoring for personal healthcare; however, the commercialization of ion-selective electrode-based devices has been limited by the rapid loss of potential stability caused by electrode surface inactivation and biofouling. Here, we describe a simple multifunctional hybrid patch incorporating an Au nanoparticle/siloxene-based solid contact (SC) supported by a substrate made of laser-inscribed graphene on poly(dimethylsiloxane) for the noninvasive detection of sweat Na+ and K+. These SC nanocomposites prevent the formation of a water layer during ion-to-electron transfer, preserving 3 and 5 μV/h potential drift for the Na+ and K+ ion-selective electrodes, respectively, after 13 h of exposure. The lamellar structure of the siloxene sheets increases the SC area. In addition, the electroplated Au nanoparticles, which have a large surface area and excellent conductivity, further increased the electric double-layer capacitance at the interface between the ion-selective membranes and solid-state contacts, thus facilitating ion-to-electron transduction and ultimately improving the detection stability of Na+ and K+. Furthermore, the integrated temperature and electrocardiogram sensors in the flexible patch assist in monitoring body temperature and electrocardiogram signals, respectively. Featuring both electrochemical ion-selective and physical sensors, this patch offers immense potential for the self-monitoring of health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hui
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Asaduzzaman
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - M Abu Zahed
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudeep Sharma
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongHoon Jeong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesu Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Omar Faruk
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- Human IoT Focused Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
- SnE Solution Co., Ltd, 447-1 Wolgye-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chipangura YE, Spindler BD, Bühlmann P, Stein A. Design Criteria for Nanostructured Carbon Materials as Solid Contacts for Ion-Selective Sensors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309778. [PMID: 38105339 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability to miniaturize ion-selective sensors that enable microsensor arrays and wearable sensor patches for ion detection in environmental or biological samples requires all-solid-state sensors with solid contacts for transduction of an ion activity into an electrical signal. Nanostructured carbon materials function as effective solid contacts for this purpose. They can also contribute to improved potential signal stability, reducing the need for frequent sensor calibration. In this Perspective, the structural features of various carbon-based solid contacts described in the literature and their respective abilities to reduce potential drift during long-term, continuous measurements are compared. These carbon materials include nanoporous carbons with various architectures, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, graphene, and graphite-based solid contacts. The effects of accessibility of ionophores, ionic sites, and other components of an ion-selective membrane to the internal or external carbon surfaces are discussed, because this impacts double-layer capacitance and potential drift. The effects of carbon composition on water-layer formation are also considered, which is another contributor to potential drift during long-term measurements. Recommendations regarding the selection of solid contacts and considerations for their characterization and testing in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yevedzo E Chipangura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Brian D Spindler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55454, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wardak C, Pietrzak K, Morawska K, Grabarczyk M. Ion-Selective Electrodes with Solid Contact Based on Composite Materials: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5839. [PMID: 37447689 DOI: 10.3390/s23135839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Potentiometric sensors are the largest and most commonly used group of electrochemical sensors. Among them, ion-selective electrodes hold a prominent place. Since the end of the last century, their re-development has been observed, which is a consequence of the introduction of solid contact constructions, i.e., electrodes without an internal electrolyte solution. Research carried out in the field of potentiometric sensors primarily focuses on developing new variants of solid contact in order to obtain devices with better analytical parameters, and at the same time cheaper and easier to use, which has been made possible thanks to the achievements of material engineering. This paper presents an overview of new materials used as a solid contact in ion-selective electrodes over the past several years. These are primarily composite and hybrid materials that are a combination of carbon nanomaterials and polymers, as well as those obtained from carbon and polymer nanomaterials in combination with others, such as metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, ionic liquids and many others. Composite materials often have better mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical and chemical properties than the original components. With regard to their use in the construction of ion-selective electrodes, it is particularly important to increase the capacitance and surface area of the material, which makes them more effective in the process of charge transfer between the polymer membrane and the substrate material. This allows to obtain sensors with better analytical and operational parameters. Brief characteristics of electrodes with solid contact, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as research methods used to assess their parameters and analytical usefulness were presented. The work was divided into chapters according to the type of composite material, while the data in the table were arranged according to the type of ion. Selected basic analytical parameters of the obtained electrodes have been collected and summarized in order to better illustrate and compare the achievements that have been described till now in this field of analytical chemistry, which is potentiometry. This comprehensive review is a compendium of knowledge in the research area of functional composite materials and state-of-the-art SC-ISE construction technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecylia Wardak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Klaudia Morawska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Grabarczyk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Square. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Tang Y, Liang R, Zhong L, Xu J, Lu H, Xu X, Han T, Bao Y, Ma Y, Gan S, Niu L. Carbon-Based Transducers for Solid-Contact Calcium Ion-Selective Electrodes: Mesopore and Nitrogen-Doping Effects. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:903. [PMID: 36135922 PMCID: PMC9505166 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) exhibit great potential in the detection of routine and portable ions which rely on solid-contact (SC) materials for the transduction of ions to electron signals. Carbon-based materials are state-of-the-art SC transducers due to their high electrical double-layer (EDL) capacitance and hydrophobicity. However, researchers have long searched for ways to enhance the interfacial capacitance in order to improve the potential stability. Herein, three representative carbon-based SC materials including nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMC), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were compared. The results disclose that the NMC has the highest EDL capacitance owing to its mesopore structure and N-doping while maintaining high hydrophobicity so that no obvious water-layer effect was observed. The Ca2+-SC-ISEs based on the SC of NMC exhibited high potential stability compared with RGO and CNT. This work offers a guideline for the development of carbon-material-based SC-ISEs through mesoporous and N-doping engineering to improve the interfacial capacitance. The developed NMC-based solid-contact Ca2+-SC-ISE exhibited a Nernstian slope of 26.3 ± 3.1 mV dec-1 ranging from 10 μM to 0.1 M with a detection limit of 3.2 μM. Finally, a practical application using NMC-based SC-ISEs was demonstrated through Ca2+ ion analysis in mineral water and soil leaching solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lijie Zhong
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Niu
- Correspondence: Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hydrophobic laser-induced graphene potentiometric ion-selective electrodes for nitrate sensing. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:122. [PMID: 35218439 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Current solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) suffer from signal-to-noise drift and short lifespans partly due to water uptake and the development of an aqueous layer between the transducer and ion-selective membrane. To address these challenges, we report on a nitrate ISE based on hydrophobic laser-induced graphene (LIG) coated with a poly(vinyl) chloride-based nitrate selective membrane. The hydrophobic LIG was created using a polyimide substrate and a double lasing process under ambient conditions (air at 23.0 ± 1.0 °C) that resulted in a static water contact angle of 135.5 ± 0.7° (mean ± standard deviation) in wettability testing. The LIG-ISE displayed a Nernstian response of - 58.17 ± 4.21 mV dec-1 and a limit-of-detection (LOD) of 6.01 ± 1.44 µM. Constant current chronopotentiometry and a water layer test were used to evaluate the potential (emf) signal stability with similar performance to previously published work with graphene-based ISEs. Using a portable potentiostat, the sensor displayed comparable (p > 0.05) results to a US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-accepted analytical method when analyzing water samples collected from two lakes in Ames, IA. The sensors were stored in surface water samples for 5 weeks and displayed nonsignificant difference in performance (LOD and sensitivity). These results, combined with a rapid and low-cost fabrication technique, make the development of hydrophobic LIG-ISEs appealing for a wide range of long-term in situ surface water quality applications.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lisak G. Reliable environmental trace heavy metal analysis with potentiometric ion sensors - reality or a distant dream. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117882. [PMID: 34364114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over two decades have passed since polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes were found to exhibit sufficiently lower detection limits. This in turn brought a great promise to measure trace level concentrations of heavy metals using potentiometric ion sensors at environmental conditions. Despite great efforts, trace analysis of heavy metals using ion-selective electrodes at environmental conditions is still not commercially available. This work will predominantly concentrate on summarizing and evaluating prospects of using potentiometric ion sensors in view of environmental determination of heavy metals in on-site and on-line analysis modes. Challenges associated with development of reliable potentiometric sensors to be operational in environmental conditions will be discussed and reasoning behind unsuccessful efforts to develop potentiometric on-site and on-line environmental ion sensors will be explored. In short, it is now clear that solely lowering the detection limit of the ion-selective electrodes does not guarantee development of successful sensors that would meet the requirement of environmental matrices over long term usage. More pressing challenges of the properties and the performance of the potentiometric sensors must be addressed first before considering extending their sensitivity to low analyte concentrations. These are, in order of importance, selectivity of the ion-selective membrane to main ion followed by the membrane resistance to parallel processes, such as water ingress to the ISM, light sensitivity, change in temperature, presence of gasses in solution and pH and finally resistance of the ion-selective membrane to fouling. In the future, targeted on-site and on-line environmental sensors should be developed, addressing specific environmental conditions. Thus, ion-selective electrodes should be developed with the intention to be suitable to the operational environmental conditions, rather than looking at universal sensor design validated in the idealized and simple sample matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Lisak
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Iodide determination with chalcogenide glass electrodes. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-05000-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Influence of solid electrolyte upon the repeatability and reproducibility of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes with inorganic insertion material paste. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Kozma J, Papp S, Gyurcsányi RE. Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes based on ferrocene-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Electrochem commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
11
|
Gadhari NS, Gholave JV, Patil SS, Patil VR, Upadhyay SS. Enantioselective high performance new solid contact ion-selective electrode potentiometric sensor based on sulphated γ-cyclodextrin‑carbon nanofiber composite for determination of multichiral drug moxifloxacin. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.114981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
12
|
Mahmoud AM, Saad MN, Elzanfaly ES, Amer SM, Essam HM. An electrochemical sensing platform to determine tetrahydrozoline HCl in pure form, pharmaceutical formulation, and rabbit aqueous humor. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:2903-2913. [PMID: 32930213 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00882f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, finding cost-effective and real-time analyzers that provide valid data is a good aim. The purpose of this work was to propose a link between the pharmaceutical industry and the recent innovations in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) for the utilization of these electrodes as real-time analyzers to evaluate the concentration of tetrahydrozoline HCl in different matrices. The backbone of these new potentiometric sensors is the conjunction of calix[6]arene and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin as molecular recognition elements and a network of multi-walled carbon nanotubes as a solid transducer material between an ionophore-doped PVC membrane and microfabricated Cu electrodes. The proposed sensors were optimized to determine tetrahydrozoline, and their performances were assessed according to the IUPAC recommendations. The proposed solid-contact sensors were compared with liquid contact sensors, and the former sensors were found to be better than the latter sensors in terms of durability, handling, and easier adaptation to industry with comparable sensitivity. The measurements were implemented using phosphate buffer (pH: 6). The best obtained linearity range was 1 × 10-2 to 1 × 10-7 M, and the best LOD was 1 × 10-8 M. The sensors with the best performance were successfully applied to determine tetrahydrozoline in a pharmaceutical eye preparation and rabbit tears. The obtained results were statistically compared to those obtained by the official method of analysis, and no significant difference was obtained. The eco-score of the method was assessed using the eco-scale tool and also compared with that of the official method. The proposed approach was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Mahmoud
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Martin N Saad
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman S Elzanfaly
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sawsan M Amer
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hebatallah M Essam
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin T, Han T, Li C, Qin W, Bobacka J. Real-time monitoring of the dissolution of silver nanoparticles by using a solid-contact Ag+-selective electrode. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1101:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
14
|
Shao Y, Ying Y, Ping J. Recent advances in solid-contact ion-selective electrodes: functional materials, transduction mechanisms, and development trends. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:4405-4465. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive overview of recent progress in the design and applications of solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhou Shao
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Yibin Ying
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- Laboratory of Agricultural Information Intelligent Sensing
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Urbanowicz M, Pijanowska DG, Jasiński A, Ekman M, Bocheńska MK. A miniaturized solid-contact potentiometric multisensor platform for determination of ionic profiles in human saliva. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper describes a miniaturized multisensor platform (MP-ISES) consisting of electrodes: a reference one (RE) and ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for monitoring Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, and SCN− ions and pH in human saliva. Gold electrode surface was modified by deposition of two layers: electrosynthesized PEDOT:PSS forming an intermediate layer, and ion-selective membrane. The developed ISEs were characterized by a wide linear range and sensitivity consistent with the Nernst model. The entire MP-ISEs are characterized by satisfactory metrological parameters demonstrating their applicability in biomedical research, in particular in measurements concerning determination of ionic profiles of saliva. Saliva samples of 18 volunteers aged from 20 to 26 participating in a month experiment had been daily collected and investigated using the MP-ISEs assigned individually to each person. Personalized profiles of ions (ionograms) in saliva, such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SCN−, and H+, were obtained.
Collapse
|
16
|
3D spongy-like Au film for highly stable solid contact potentiometric ion selective electrode: application to drug analysis. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
17
|
Jiang C, Li X, Yao Y, Ying Y, Ping J. Fully Written Flexible Potentiometric Sensor Using Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial-Based Conductive Ink. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13088-13095. [PMID: 30350621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emerging demand for flexible, portable, easily accessible, and cost-effective electronic fabrication has motivated the development of novel techniques to manufacture electronic components and devices. Inspired by daily hand-writing, an all-written potentiometric sensor was developed by using a Chinese brush pen-based writing technique. A writing ink made from graphene nanosheet (GN) as a conductive component, Triton X-100 as a stabilizer, and xanthan gum as a binder, was used to obtain flexible electrode substrate. Results demonstrate the GN ink-based writing electrode (GN-WE) possesses good conductivity, fast electron-transfer kinetics, considerable stability, and favorable flexibility. By further writing cadmium ion selective membrane (Cd2+-ISM) and photopolymerized reference membrane (RM) on the surface of GN-WE, an all-solid-state potentiometric sensor for cadmium ion was constructed. A large bulk capacitance (41.67 μF) and excellent potential stability (drift of 0.156 mV h-1) were achieved at the developed all-written potentiometric sensor, which is much superior to the solid-contact potentiometric sensor using GCE as electrode substrate. Furthermore, real sample analysis reveals that our GN ink-based potentiometric sensor could be used as a reliable and stable sensor for cadmium ion detection in food and in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengmei Jiang
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xunjia Li
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yibin Ying
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Ping
- School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science , Zhejiang University , 866 Yuhangtang Road , Hangzhou 310058 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
In-field determination of soil ion content using a handheld device and screen-printed solid-state ion-selective electrodes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203862. [PMID: 30252859 PMCID: PMC6155443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-holding farmers in the developing world suffer from sub-optimal crop yields because they lack a soil diagnostic system that is affordable, usable, and actionable. This paper details the fabrication and characterization of an integrated point-of-use soil-testing system, comprised of disposable ion-selective electrode strips and a handheld electrochemical reader. Together, the strips and reader transduce soil ion concentrations into to an alphanumeric output that can be communicated via text message to a central service provider offering immediate, customized fertilizer advisory. The solid-state ion-selective electrode (SS-ISE) strips employ a two-electrode design with screen-printable carbon nanotube ink serving as the electrical contacts for the working and reference electrodes. The working electrode comprises a plasticizer-free butyl acrylate ion-selective membrane (ISM), doped with an ion-selective ionophore and lipophilic salt. Meanwhile, the reference electrode includes a screen-printed silver-silver chloride ink and a polyvinyl-butyral membrane, which is doped with sodium chloride for stable reference potentials. As a proof of concept, potassium-selective electrodes are studied, given potassium’s essential role in plant growth and reproduction. The ISE-based system is reproducibly manufactured to yield a Nernstian response with a sub-micromolar detection limit (pK+ of 5.18 ± 0.08) and near-Nernstian sensitivity (61 mV/decade) in the presence of a 0.02 M strontium chloride extraction solution. Analysis of soil samples using the printed electrodes and reader yielded a correlation coefficient of 𝑅2 = 0.89 with respect to values measured via inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The reliable performance of this system is encouraging toward its deployment for soil nutrient management in resource-limited environments.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhen XV, Rousseau CR, Bühlmann P. Redox Buffer Capacity of Ion-Selective Electrode Solid Contacts Doped with Organometallic Complexes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11000-11007. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue V. Zhen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Celeste R. Rousseau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zdrachek E, Bakker E. Electrochemically Switchable Polymeric Membrane Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7591-7599. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zdrachek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma X, Armas SM, Soliman M, Lytle DA, Chumbimuni-Torres K, Tetard L, Lee WH. In Situ Monitoring of Pb 2+ Leaching from the Galvanic Joint Surface in a Prepared Chlorinated Drinking Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2126-2133. [PMID: 29376323 PMCID: PMC7321811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel method using a micro-ion-selective electrode (micro-ISE) technique was developed for in situ lead monitoring at the water-metal interface of a brass-leaded solder galvanic joint in a prepared chlorinated drinking water environment. The developed lead micro-ISE (100 μm tip diameter) showed excellent performance toward soluble lead (Pb2+) with sensitivity of 22.2 ± 0.5 mV decade-1 and limit of detection (LOD) of 1.22 × 10-6 M (0.25 mg L-1). The response time was less than 10 s with a working pH range of 2.0-7.0. Using the lead micro-ISE, lead concentration microprofiles were measured from the bulk to the metal surface (within 50 μm) over time. Combined with two-dimensional (2D) pH mapping, this work clearly demonstrated that Pb2+ ions build-up across the lead anode surface was substantial, nonuniform, and dependent on local surface pH. A large pH gradient (ΔpH = 6.0) developed across the brass and leaded-tin solder joint coupon. Local pH decreases were observed above the leaded solder to a pH as low as 4.0, indicating it was anodic relative to the brass. The low pH above the leaded solder supported elevated lead levels where even small local pH differences of 0.6 units (ΔpH = 0.6) resulted in about four times higher surface lead concentrations (42.9 vs 11.6 mg L-1) and 5 times higher fluxes (18.5 × 10-6 vs 3.5 × 10-6 mg cm-2 s-1). Continuous surface lead leaching monitoring was also conducted for 16 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmeng Ma
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Armas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Mikhael Soliman
- NanoScience Technology Center and Physics Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Darren A. Lytle
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Karin Chumbimuni-Torres
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Laurene Tetard
- NanoScience Technology Center and Physics Department, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Woo Hyoung Lee
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Construction Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Walcarius A. Recent Trends on Electrochemical Sensors Based on Ordered Mesoporous Carbon. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E1863. [PMID: 28800106 PMCID: PMC5579580 DOI: 10.3390/s17081863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The past decade has seen an increasing number of extensive studies devoted to the exploitation of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) materials in electrochemistry, notably in the fields of energy and sensing. The present review summarizes the recent achievements made in field of electroanalysis using electrodes modified with such nanomaterials. On the basis of comprehensive tables, the interest in OMC for designing electrochemical sensors is illustrated through the various applications developed to date. They include voltammetric detection after preconcentration, electrocatalysis (intrinsically due to OMC or based on suitable catalysts deposited onto OMC), electrochemical biosensors, as well as electrochemiluminescence and potentiometric sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Walcarius
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie Pour l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nikkhoo N, Cumby N, Gulak PG, Maxwell KL. Rapid Bacterial Detection via an All-Electronic CMOS Biosensor. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162438. [PMID: 27618185 PMCID: PMC5019397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The timely and accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases is one of the greatest challenges currently facing modern medicine. The development of innovative techniques for the rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens in point-of-care facilities using low-cost, portable instruments is essential. We have developed a novel all-electronic biosensor that is able to identify bacteria in less than ten minutes. This technology exploits bacteriocins, protein toxins naturally produced by bacteria, as the selective biological detection element. The bacteriocins are integrated with an array of potassium-selective sensors in Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor technology to provide an inexpensive bacterial biosensor. An electronic platform connects the CMOS sensor to a computer for processing and real-time visualization. We have used this technology to successfully identify both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria commonly found in human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Nikkhoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Nichole Cumby
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - P Glenn Gulak
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Karen L Maxwell
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu J, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Rational design of all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes and reference electrodes. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
25
|
Taurino I, Sanzó G, Mazzei F, Favero G, De Micheli G, Carrara S. Fast synthesis of platinum nanopetals and nanospheres for highly-sensitive non-enzymatic detection of glucose and selective sensing of ions. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15277. [PMID: 26515434 PMCID: PMC4626773 DOI: 10.1038/srep15277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel methods to obtain Pt nanostructured electrodes have raised particular interest due to their high performance in electrochemistry. Several nanostructuration methods proposed in the literature use costly and bulky equipment or are time-consuming due to the numerous steps they involve. Here, Pt nanostructures were produced for the first time by one-step template-free electrodeposition on Pt bare electrodes. The change in size and shape of the nanostructures is proven to be dependent on the deposition parameters and on the ratio between sulphuric acid and chloride-complexes (i.e., hexachloroplatinate or tetrachloroplatinate). To further improve the electrochemical properties of electrodes, depositions of Pt nanostructures on previously synthesised Pt nanostructures are also performed. The electroactive surface areas exhibit a two order of magnitude improvement when Pt nanostructures with the smallest size are used. All the biosensors based on Pt nanostructures and immobilised glucose oxidase display higher sensitivity as compared to bare Pt electrodes. Pt nanostructures retained an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the direct oxidation of glucose. Finally, the nanodeposits were proven to be an excellent solid contact for ion measurements, significantly improving the time-stability of the potential. The use of these new nanostructured coatings in electrochemical sensors opens new perspectives for multipanel monitoring of human metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Taurino
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Sanzó
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Mazzei
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Favero
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Micheli
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandro Carrara
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Highly Selective Amide-tethered 4-aminoquinoline-β-lactam Based Electrochemical Sensors for Zn (II) ion Recognition. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Zou XU, Chen LD, Lai CZ, Bühlmann P. Ionic Liquid Reference Electrodes With a Well-Controlled Co(II)/Co(III) Redox Buffer as Solid Contact. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
28
|
Hu J, Zou XU, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Ion-selective electrodes with colloid-imprinted mesoporous carbon as solid contact. Anal Chem 2014; 86:7111-8. [PMID: 24983327 DOI: 10.1021/ac501633r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A new type of solid-contact ion-selective electrode (SC-ISE) has been developed that uses colloid-imprinted mesoporous (CIM) carbon with 24 nm diameter, interconnected mesopores as the intermediate layer between a gold electrode and an ionophore-doped ISE membrane. For a demonstration, valinomycin was used as K(+) ionophore, and a good Nernstian response with a slope of 59.5 mV/decade in the range from 10(-5.2) to 10(-1.0) M was observed. The high purity, low content of redox-active surface functional groups and intrinsic hydrophobic characteristics of CIM carbon prepared from mesophase pitch lead to outstanding performance of these sensors, with excellent resistance to the formation of a water layer and no interference caused by light, O2, and CO2. When a redox couple is introduced as an internal reference species, calibration-free SC-ISEs can be made with a standard deviation of E° as low as 0.7 mV. Moreover, the interconnected mesopore structure of ISE membrane-infused CIM carbon facilitates both ion and electron conduction and provides a large interfacial area with good ion-to-electron transduction. Because of the large double layer capacitance of CIM carbon, CIM carbon-based SC-ISEs exhibit excellent potential stability, as shown by chronopotentiometry and continuous potentiometric measurements. The capacitance of these electrodes as determined by chronopotentiometry is 1.0 mF, and the emf drift over 70 h is as low as 1.3 μV/h, making these electrodes the most stable SC-ISEs reported so far.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Zou XU, Cheong JH, Taitt BJ, Bühlmann P. Solid contact ion-selective electrodes with a well-controlled Co(II)/Co(III) redox buffer layer. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9350-5. [PMID: 24047234 DOI: 10.1021/ac4022117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid contact ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) typically have an intermediate layer between the ion-selective membrane and the underlying solid electron conductor that is designed to reduce the irreproducibility and instability of the measured electromotive force (emf). Nevertheless, the electrode-to-electrode reproducibility of the emf of current solid contact ISEs is widely considered to be unsatisfactory. To address this problem, we report here a new method of constructing this intermediate layer based on the lipophilic redox buffer consisting of the Co(III) and Co(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline ([Co(phen)3](3+/2+)) paired with tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate as counterion. The resulting electrodes exhibit emf values with an electrode-to-electrode standard deviation as low as 1.7 mV after conditioning of freshly prepared electrodes for 1 h. While many prior examples of solid contact ISEs also used intermediate layers that contained redox active species, the selection of a balanced ratio of the reduced and oxidized species has typically been difficult and was often ignored, contributing to the emf irreproducibility. The ease of the control of the [Co(phen)3](3+)/[Co(phen)3](2+) ratio explains the high emf reproducibility, as confirmed by the emf decrease of 58 mV per 10-fold increase in the ratio of the reduced and oxidized redox buffer species. Use of a gold electrode modified with a self-assembled 1-hexanethiol monolayer as underlying electron conductor suppresses the formation of a water layer and results in an electrode-to-electrode standard deviation of E° of 1.0 mV after 2 weeks of exposure to KCl solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu U Zou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ge D, Yang L, Tong Z, Ding Y, Xin W, Zhao J, Li Y. Ion diffusion and optical switching performance of 3D ordered nanostructured polyaniline films for advanced electrochemical/electrochromic devices. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
32
|
Chen LD, Lai CZ, Granda LP, Fierke MA, Mandal D, Stein A, Gladysz JA, Bühlmann P. Fluorous Membrane Ion-Selective Electrodes for Perfluorinated Surfactants: Trace-Level Detection and in Situ Monitoring of Adsorption. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7471-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401424j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li D. Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chun-Ze Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Laura P. Granda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Melissa A. Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Debaprasad Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - John A. Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis
Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tutulea-Anastasiu MD, Wilson D, del Valle M, Schreiner CM, Cretescu I. A solid-contact ion selective electrode for copper(II) using a succinimide derivative as ionophore. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2013; 13:4367-77. [PMID: 23549362 PMCID: PMC3673088 DOI: 10.3390/s130404367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
All-solid-state sensors with polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based membranes using off-the-shelf N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and succinimide (Succ) ionophores were prepared using DOP (dioctyl phthalate) and NPOE (ortho-nitrophenyloctyl ether) as plasticizers. Good responses were obtained when NHS was used. The potentiometric response of the proposed electrode is independent of pH over the range 2-6. The electrode shows a fast response time of 0.25 s. The electrode exhibits a Super-Nernstian response, with 37.5 mV/decade, with a potentiometric detection limit of 4.4 µM. The proposed sensor revealed good selectivity towards a group of transition metal ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Dana Tutulea-Anastasiu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73 D. Mangeron Street, Iasi 700050, Romania; E-Mail:
| | - Deivy Wilson
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, EdificiCn, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain; E-Mails: (D.W.); (M.V.)
| | - Manel del Valle
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, EdificiCn, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain; E-Mails: (D.W.); (M.V.)
| | - Cristina Mihaela Schreiner
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 53 D. Mangeron Street, Iasi 700050, Romania; E-Mail:
| | - Igor Cretescu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, 73 D. Mangeron Street, Iasi 700050, Romania; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stein A, Wilson BE, Rudisill SG. Design and functionality of colloidal-crystal-templated materials—chemical applications of inverse opals. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:2763-803. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
35
|
Opportunities and challenges of using ion-selective electrodes in environmental monitoring and wearable sensors. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
36
|
Chen LD, Zou XU, Bühlmann P. Cyanide-Selective Electrode Based on Zn(II) Tetraphenylporphyrin as Ionophore. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9192-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301910c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li D. Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55455, United States
| | - Xu U. Zou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55455, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota
55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fierke MA, Olson EJ, Bühlmann P, Stein A. Receptor-based detection of 2,4-dinitrotoluene using modified three-dimensionally ordered macroporous carbon electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4731-4739. [PMID: 22905948 DOI: 10.1021/am301108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Detection of explosives, such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), is becoming increasingly important. Here, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT, a common analogue of TNT) is detected electrochemically. A receptor based electrode for the detection of DNT was prepared by modifying the surface of the walls of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon. Nitrophenyl groups were first attached by the electrochemical reduction of 4-nitrobenzenediazonium ions, followed by potentiostatic reduction to aminophenyl groups. Chemical functionalization reactions were then performed to synthesize the receptor, which contains two urea groups, and a terminal primary amine. Detection of DNT using cyclic voltammetry was impeded by a large background current that resulted from the capacitance of 3DOM carbon. Detection by square wave voltammetry eliminated the background current and improved the detection limit. Unfunctionalized 3DOM carbon electrodes showed no response to DNT, whereas the receptor-modified electrodes responded to DNT with a detection limit of 10 μM. Detection of DNT was possible even in the presence of interferents such as nitrobenzene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Electrocatalysis, sensors and biosensors in analytical chemistry based on ordered mesoporous and macroporous carbon-modified electrodes. Trends Analyt Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
39
|
Zhang T, Lai CZ, Fierke MA, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Advantages and Limitations of Reference Electrodes with an Ionic Liquid Junction and Three-Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Carbon as Solid Contact. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7771-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac3011507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemical
Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Chun-Ze Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Melissa A. Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant
Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li F, Ye J, Zhou M, Gan S, Zhang Q, Han D, Niu L. All-solid-state potassium-selective electrode using graphene as the solid contact. Analyst 2012; 137:618-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15705a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
41
|
O’Neil GD, Buiculescu R, Kounaves SP, Chaniotakis NA. Carbon-Nanofiber-Based Nanocomposite Membrane as a Highly Stable Solid-State Junction for Reference Electrodes. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5749-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201072u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen D. O’Neil
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Raluca Buiculescu
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71 003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Samuel P. Kounaves
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Nikos A. Chaniotakis
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 71 003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lai CZ, Fierke MA, Corrêa da Costa R, Gladysz JA, Stein A, Bühlmann P. Highly selective detection of silver in the low ppt range with ion-selective electrodes based on ionophore-doped fluorous membranes. Anal Chem 2011; 82:7634-40. [PMID: 20799720 DOI: 10.1021/ac1013767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Ionophore-doped sensing membranes exhibit greater selectivities and wider measuring ranges if their membrane matrixes are noncoordinating and solvate interfering ions poorly. This is particularly true for fluorous phases, which are the least polar and polarizable condensed phases known. In this work, fluorous membrane matrixes were used to prepare silver ion-selective electrodes (ISEs). Sensing membranes composed of perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene, sodium tetrakis[3,5-bis(perfluorohexyl) phenyl]borate, and one of four fluorophilic Ag(+)-selective ionophores with one or two thioether groups were investigated. All electrodes exhibited Nernstian responses to Ag(+) in a wide range of concentrations. Their selectivities for Ag(+) over interfering ions were found to depend on host preorganization and the length of the -(CH(2))(n)- spacers separating the coordinating thioether group from the strongly electron withdrawing perfluoroalkyl groups. ISEs based on the most selective of the four ionophores, that is, 1,3-bis(perfluorodecylethylthiomethyl)benzene, provided much higher selectivities for Ag(+) over many alkaline and heavy metal ions than most Ag(+) ISEs reported in the literature (e.g., log K(Ag,J)(pot) for K(+), -11.6; Pb(2+), -10.2; Cu(2+), -13.0; Cd(2+), -13.2). Moreover, the use of this ionophore with a linear perfluorooligoether as membrane matrix and solid contacts consisting of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon resulted in a detection limit for Ag(+) of 4.1 ppt (3.8 × 10(-1)1 M).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ze Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Parra EJ, Blondeau P, Crespo GA, Rius FX. An effective nanostructured assembly for ion-selective electrodes. An ionophore covalently linked to carbon nanotubes for Pb2+determination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2438-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03639k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
44
|
Fierke MA, Lai CZ, Bühlmann P, Stein A. Effects of architecture and surface chemistry of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous carbon solid contacts on performance of ion-selective electrodes. Anal Chem 2010; 82:680-8. [PMID: 20000696 PMCID: PMC2832318 DOI: 10.1021/ac902222n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the architecture and surface chemistry of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) carbon solid contacts on the properties of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) were examined. Infiltration of the plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane into the pores of the carbon created a large interfacial area between the sensing membrane and the solid contact, as shown by cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and elemental analysis. This large interfacial area, along with the high capacitance of the 3DOM carbon solid contacts (as determined by cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) results in an excellent long-term stability of the potentiometric response, with drifts as low as 11.7 muV/h. The comparison of 3DOM carbon solid contacts with an untemplated carbon solid contact shows that the pore structure is an essential feature for the excellent electrode performance. However, the surface chemistry of the 3DOM carbon cannot be ignored. While there is no evidence for an aqueous layer forming between the sensing membrane and unoxidized 3DOM carbon, electrodes based on oxidized 3DOM carbon exhibit potentiometric responses with the typical hysteresis indicative of a water layer. A comparison of the different techniques to characterize the solid contacts confirms that constant-current charge-discharge experiments offer an intriguing approach to assess the long-term stability of solid-contact ISEs but shows that their results need to be interpreted with care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Chun-Ze Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Philippe Bühlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Andreas Stein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hernández R, Riu J, Rius FX. Determination of calcium ion in sap using carbon nanotube-based ion-selective electrodes. Analyst 2010; 135:1979-85. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
46
|
Crespo GA, Gugsa D, Macho S, Rius FX. Solid-contact pH-selective electrode using multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:2371-6. [PMID: 19760402 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are shown to be efficient transducers of the ionic-to-electronic current. This enables the development of a new solid-contact pH-selective electrode that is based on the deposition of a 35-microm thick layer of MWCNT between the acrylic ion-selective membrane and the glassy carbon rod used as the electrical conductor. The ion-selective membrane was prepared by incorporating tridodecylamine as the ionophore, potassium tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate as the lipophilic additive in a polymerized methylmethacrylate and an n-butyl acrylate matrix. The potentiometric response shows Nernstian behaviour and a linear dynamic range between 2.89 and 9.90 pH values. The response time for this electrode was less than 10 s throughout the whole working range. The electrode shows a high selectivity towards interfering ions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometry techniques were used to characterise the electrochemical behaviour and the stability of the carbon-nanotube-based ion-selective electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón A Crespo
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Parra EJ, Crespo GA, Riu J, Ruiz A, Rius FX. Ion-selective electrodes using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as ion-to-electron transducers for the detection of perchlorate. Analyst 2009; 134:1905-10. [DOI: 10.1039/b908224g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
48
|
Crespo GA, Macho S, Bobacka J, Rius FX. Transduction Mechanism of Carbon Nanotubes in Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal Chem 2008; 81:676-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ac802078z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gastón A. Crespo
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Santiago Macho
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - Johan Bobacka
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| | - F. Xavier Rius
- Department of Analytical and Organic Chemistry, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain, and Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, FIN-20500 Åbo-Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|