1
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Chou YS, Devi N, Lin YT, Arpornwichanop A, Chen YS. CVD Grown CNTs-Modified Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3232. [PMID: 38998315 PMCID: PMC11242404 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are of considerable importance in large-scale energy storage systems due to their high efficiency, long cycle life and easy scalability. In this work, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-modified electrodes and Nafion 117 membrane are utilised for formulating a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). In a CVD chamber, the growth of CNTs is carried out on an acid-treated graphite felt surface. Cyclic voltammetry of CNT-modified electrode and acid-treated electrode revealed that CNTs presence improve the reaction kinetics of V3+/V2+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox pairs. Battery performance is recorded for analysing, the effect of modified electrodes, varying electrolyte flow rates, varying current densities and effect of removing the current collector plates. CNTs presence enhance the battery performance and offered 96.30% of Coulombic efficiency, 79.33% of voltage efficiency and 76.39% of energy efficiency. In comparison with pristine electrodes, a battery consisting CNTs grown electrodes shows a 14% and 15% increase in voltage efficiency and energy efficiency, respectively. Battery configured without current collector plates performs better as compared to with current collector plates which is possibly due to decrease in battery resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Sin Chou
- Department of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, National Atomic Research Institute, 1000 Wenhua Rd., Taoyuan 325207, Longtan District, Taiwan; (Y.-S.C.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Nitika Devi
- Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations and Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Rd., Minhsiung Township 621301, Chiayi County, Taiwan;
| | - Yan-Ting Lin
- Department of Mechanical and Systems Engineering, National Atomic Research Institute, 1000 Wenhua Rd., Taoyuan 325207, Longtan District, Taiwan; (Y.-S.C.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Amornchai Arpornwichanop
- Center of Excellence in Process and Energy Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Rd., Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Yong-Song Chen
- Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations and Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Rd., Minhsiung Township 621301, Chiayi County, Taiwan;
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2
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Ding C, Shen Z, Zhu Y, Cheng Y. Insights into the Modification of Carbonous Felt as an Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103811. [PMID: 37241437 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has been regarded as one of the best potential stationary electrochemical storage systems for its design flexibility, long cycle life, high efficiency, and high safety; it is usually utilized to resolve the fluctuations and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. As one of the critical components of VRFBs to provide the reaction sites for redox couples, an ideal electrode should possess excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, conductivity, and a low price, as well as good reaction kinetics, hydrophilicity, and electrochemical activity, in order to satisfy the requirements for high-performance VRFBs. However, the most commonly used electrode material, a carbonous felt electrode, such as graphite felt (GF) or carbon felt (CF), suffers from relatively inferior kinetic reversibility and poor catalytic activity toward the V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox couples, limiting the operation of VRFBs at low current density. Therefore, modified carbon substrates have been extensively investigated to improve vanadium redox reactions. Here, we give a brief review of recent progress in the modification methods of carbonous felt electrodes, such as surface treatment, the deposition of low-cost metal oxides, the doping of nonmetal elements, and complexation with nanostructured carbon materials. Thus, we give new insights into the relationships between the structure and the electrochemical performance, and provide some perspectives for the future development of VRFBs. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is found that the increase in the surface area and active sites are two decisive factors that enhance the performance of carbonous felt electrodes. Based on the varied structural and electrochemical characterizations, the relationship between the surface nature and electrochemical activity, as well as the mechanism of the modified carbon felt electrodes, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ding
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhefei Shen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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3
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Zarei-Jelyani M, Loghavi MM, Babaiee M, Eqra R. The significance of charge and discharge current densities in the performance of vanadium redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.141922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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4
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Babaiee M, Baktashian S, Zarei‐Jelyani M, Eqra R, Gholami M. High‐Performance Natural Graphite Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Using TiO
2
as an Additive. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Babaiee
- Department of Energy Storage Institute of Mechanics Shiraz 71555-414 Iran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering School Shiraz University Shiraz 71348–15939 Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Baktashian
- Department of Energy Storage Institute of Mechanics Shiraz 71555-414 Iran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering School Shiraz University Shiraz 71348–15939 Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei‐Jelyani
- Department of Energy Storage Institute of Mechanics Shiraz 71555-414 Iran
- Department of Renewable Energies Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies University of Isfahan Isfahan 81746–73441 Iran
| | - Rahim Eqra
- Department of Energy Storage Institute of Mechanics Shiraz 71555-414 Iran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Engineering School Shiraz University Shiraz 71348–15939 Iran
| | - Mehrdad Gholami
- Department of Energy Storage Institute of Mechanics Shiraz 71555-414 Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Marvdasht Branch Islamic Azad University P.O. Box 465 Marvdasht Iran
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5
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Tripathi AK, Priyadarshani D, Joy ME, Maurya R, Neergat M. The impact of overpotential on the enthalpy of activation and pre-exponential factor of electrochemical redox reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16031-16040. [PMID: 35730802 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00404f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the V5+/V4+ redox reaction is investigated in a three-electrode configuration on a Vulcan XC-72 modified glassy carbon rotating disk electrode at four different temperatures (25 to 40 °C, with 5 °C interval). The values of enthalpy of activation (ΔH#) and pre-exponential factor (Af) estimated using the Eyring equation are in the range of 0.25-0.53 eV (24-51 kJ mol-1) and -1.3 to 5, respectively. The Eyring plots tend to diverge with overpotential, causing an increase in the values of the estimated ΔH# and Af. This is perhaps due to the retarding effect of the precipitates/adsorbates on the electrode surface. The investigation of the kinetics suggests that the V5+/V4+ redox reaction is electrocatalysed through an increase in the entropy of activation (ΔS#).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Divya Priyadarshani
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Miji E Joy
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Rajan Maurya
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Manoj Neergat
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
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6
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Mohsen Loghavi M, Zarei-Jelyani M, Niknam Z, Babaiee M, Eqra R. Antimony-decorated graphite felt electrode of vanadium redox flow battery in mixed-acid electrolyte: promoting electrocatalytic and gas-evolution inhibitory properties. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Carbon Monoliths with Hierarchical Porous Structure for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. BATTERIES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/batteries7030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoliths were tested as electrodes for vanadium redox batteries. The materials were synthesised by a hard-templating route, employing sucrose as carbon precursor and sodium chloride crystals as the hard template. For the preparation process, both sucrose and sodium chloride were ball-milled together and molten into a paste which was hot-pressed to achieve polycondensation of sucrose into a hard monolith. The resultant material was pyrolysed in nitrogen at 750 °C, and then washed to remove the salt by dissolving it in water. Once the porosity was opened, a second pyrolysis step at 900 °C was performed for the complete conversion of the materials into carbon. The products were next characterised in terms of textural properties and composition. Changes in porosity, obtained by varying the proportions of sucrose to sodium chloride in the initial mixture, were correlated with the electrochemical performances of the samples, and a good agreement between capacitive response and microporosity was indeed observed highlighted by an increase in the cyclic voltammetry curve area when the SBET increased. In contrast, the reversibility of vanadium redox reactions measured as a function of the difference between reduction and oxidation potentials was correlated with the accessibility of the active vanadium species to the carbon surface, i.e., was correlated with the macroporosity. The latter was a critical parameter for understanding the differences of energy and voltage efficiencies among the materials, those with larger macropore volumes having the higher efficiencies.
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8
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Feng X, Zhang Z, Zhang T, Xue J, Han C, Dai L, Wang L, He Z. Enhanced Catalysis of P-doped SnO 2 for the V 2+/V 3+ Redox Reaction in Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. Front Chem 2021; 9:688634. [PMID: 34249863 PMCID: PMC8263913 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.688634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, nanosized P-doped SnO2 (SnO2-P) was prepared by a sol–gel method as a catalyst for the V3+/V2+ redox reaction in vanadium redox flow battery. Compared with SnO2, the electrochemical performance of SnO2-P is significantly improved. This is because P doping provides more active sites and shows greatly improved electrical conductivity, thereby increasing the electron transfer rate. As a result, SnO2-P shows better catalytic performance than SnO2. The SnO2-P modified cell is designed, and it exhibits an increase of 47.2 mA h in discharge capacity and 8.7% in energy efficiency compared with the pristine cell at 150 mA cm−2. These increases indicate that the modified cell has a higher electrolyte utilization rate. This study shows that SnO2-P is a new and efficient catalyst for vanadium redox flow battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Tongxue Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Chao Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Lei Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhangxing He
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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9
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Bellani S, Najafi L, Prato M, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Martín-García B, Gagliani L, Mantero E, Marasco L, Bianca G, Zappia MI, Demirci C, Olivotto S, Mariucci G, Pellegrini V, Schiavetti M, Bonaccorso F. Graphene-Based Electrodes in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Produced by Rapid Low-Pressure Combined Gas Plasma Treatments. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:4106-4121. [PMID: 34267420 PMCID: PMC8274967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-power density vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) with high energy efficiencies (EEs) is crucial for the widespread dissemination of this energy storage technology. In this work, we report the production of novel hierarchical carbonaceous nanomaterials for VRFB electrodes with high catalytic activity toward the vanadium redox reactions (VO2+/VO2 + and V2+/V3+). The electrode materials are produced through a rapid (minute timescale) low-pressure combined gas plasma treatment of graphite felts (GFs) in an inductively coupled radio frequency reactor. By systematically studying the effects of either pure gases (O2 and N2) or their combination at different gas plasma pressures, the electrodes are optimized to reduce their kinetic polarization for the VRFB redox reactions. To further enhance the catalytic surface area of the electrodes, single-/few-layer graphene, produced by highly scalable wet-jet milling exfoliation of graphite, is incorporated into the GFs through an infiltration method in the presence of a polymeric binder. Depending on the thickness of the proton-exchange membrane (Nafion 115 or Nafion XL), our optimized VRFB configurations can efficiently operate within a wide range of charge/discharge current densities, exhibiting energy efficiencies up to 93.9%, 90.8%, 88.3%, 85.6%, 77.6%, and 69.5% at 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 mA cm-2, respectively. Our technology is cost-competitive when compared to commercial ones (additional electrode costs < 100 € m-2) and shows EEs rivalling the record-high values reported for efficient systems to date. Our work remarks on the importance to study modified plasma conditions or plasma methods alternative to those reported previously (e.g., atmospheric plasmas) to improve further the electrode performances of the current VRFB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (S.B.)
| | - Leyla Najafi
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala
University, Box 534, 751
03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque, Spain
| | - Luca Gagliani
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Marasco
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianca
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marilena I. Zappia
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 31/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cansunur Demirci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- NanoChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Olivotto
- Wind
Technology Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Giacomo Mariucci
- Storage
and New Business Design, Engineering & Construction, Enel Green Power S.p.A., https://www.enel.com/
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Schiavetti
- Thermal &
Industry 4.0 Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (F.B.)
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10
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Leuaa P, Priyadarshani D, Tripathi AK, Neergat M. What decides the kinetics of V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox reactions – Surface functional groups or roughness? J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Kroner I, Becker M, Turek T. Determination of Rate Constants and Reaction Orders of Vanadium‐Ion Kinetics on Carbon Fiber Electrodes. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Kroner
- Research Center Energy Storage Technologies Clausthal University of Technology Am Stollen 19A 38640 Goslar Germany
- Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering Clausthal University of Technology Leibnizstraße 17 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
| | - Maik Becker
- Research Center Energy Storage Technologies Clausthal University of Technology Am Stollen 19A 38640 Goslar Germany
| | - Thomas Turek
- Research Center Energy Storage Technologies Clausthal University of Technology Am Stollen 19A 38640 Goslar Germany
- Institute of Chemical and Electrochemical Process Engineering Clausthal University of Technology Leibnizstraße 17 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany
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12
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Highly porous WO3/CNTs-graphite film as a novel and low-cost positive electrode for vanadium redox flow battery. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Loghavi MM, Bahadorikhalili S, Lari N, Moghim MH, Babaiee M, Eqra R. The Effect of Crystalline Microstructure of PVDF Binder on Mechanical and Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries Cathode. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the crystalline microstructures of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), as cathode binder, on mechanical and electrochemical properties of the cathode, and on the cell performance is investigated. The crystalline phases of the PVDF films prepared at different temperatures are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and also mechanical strength of PVDF films evaluated by a tensile test. The cathodes were prepared at altered temperatures to achieve different PVDF phases. The effect of various crystalline phases on the cathode performance was studied. The obtained cathodes were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle measurement, and adhesion test. The electrochemical performance of the cathodes was evaluated by charge-discharge cycling test and AC impedance spectroscopy. Mechanical tests results showed that the cathode which is prepared at 60 °C has the best adhesion and mechanical stability. In addition, the charge-discharge cycling studies showed that this cathode has the highest capacity efficiency. AC impedance spectroscopy illustrated that this electrode has the lowest charge transfer resistance and SEI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohsen Loghavi
- Institute of Mechanics, Iranian Space Research Center , Shiraz , Iran , Tel.: +98 71-37201758, Fax: +98 71-37203240
| | | | - Najme Lari
- Institute of Mechanics, Iranian Space Research Center , Shiraz , Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Babaiee
- Institute of Mechanics, Iranian Space Research Center , Shiraz , Iran
| | - Rahim Eqra
- Institute of Mechanics, Iranian Space Research Center , Shiraz , Iran
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14
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Opar DO, Nankya R, Lee J, Jung H. Three-dimensional mesoporous graphene-modified carbon felt for high-performance vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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15
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Mustafa I, Susantyoko R, Wu CH, Ahmed F, Hashaikeh R, Almarzooqi F, Almheiri S. Nanoscopic and Macro-Porous Carbon Nano-foam Electrodes with Improved Mass Transport for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17655. [PMID: 31776352 PMCID: PMC6881356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although free-standing sheets of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) can provide interesting electrochemical and physical properties as electrodes for redox flow batteries, the full potential of this class of materials has not been accessible as of yet. The conventional fabrication methods produce sheets with micro-porous and meso-porous structures, which significantly resist mass transport of the electrolyte during high-current flow-cell operation. Herein, we developed a method to fabricate high performance macro-porous carbon nano-foam free standing sheets (Puffy Fibers, PF), by implementing a freeze-drying step into our low cost and scalable surface-engineered tape-casting (SETC) fabrication method, and we show the improvement in the performance attained as compared with a MWCNT sheet lacking any macro pores (Tape-cast, TC). We attribute the higher performance attained by our in-lab fabricated PF papers to the presence of macro pores which provided channels that acted as pathways for electrolytic transport within the bulk of the electrode. Moreover, we propose an electrolytic transport mechanism to relate ion diffusivity to different pore sizes to explain the different modes of charge transfer in the negative and the positive electrolytes. Overall, the PF papers had a high wettability, high porosity, and a large surface area, resulting in improved electrochemical and flow-cell performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Mustafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rahmat Susantyoko
- Research & Development Center, Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chieh-Han Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raed Hashaikeh
- Engineering Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Faisal Almarzooqi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, P.O. Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif Almheiri
- Research & Development Center, Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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16
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Stimming U, Wang J, Bund A. The Vanadium Redox Reactions - Electrocatalysis versus Non-Electrocatalysis. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:3004-3009. [PMID: 31670890 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic effects of surface groups on porous carbon electrodes are claimed in literature for the redox reactions V(II)/V(III) and V(IV)/V(V). The literature is critically analysed also in relation to work of this group. A method how to overcome the problem of assessing the electrochemically active surface area on porous electrodes is presented. Applying this method, no catalytic effects for above reactions can be substantiated. It is further pointed out that the parameters electrochemical potential and temperature need to be used to assess electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Stimming
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.,North East Centre for Energy Materials (NECEM), Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Bund
- Electrochemistry and Electroplating Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, 98693, Ilmenau, Germany
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Zarei-Jelyani M, Babaiee M, Baktashian S, Eqra R. Unraveling the role of binder concentration on the electrochemical behavior of mesocarbon microbead anode in lithium–ion batteries: understanding the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nanoporous gold electrode prepared from gold compact disk as the anode for the microbial fuel cell. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-017-1260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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