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Zhang X, Wang C, Yang W, Gao D, Zhang Z, Dong X. Laser-sintering fabrication of integrated Al/Ni anodes for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13168-13179. [PMID: 35520142 PMCID: PMC9064434 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated Al/Ni electrodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with variant atomic ratios were successfully fabricated by a one-step laser-sintering process. The microstructure, phase composition, and pore structure were controlled by the raw material composition and laser parameters. The electrodes showed working merits without any conductive agent and binder, or even the collector used in a traditional battery. It was shown that the electrode consisted of multi-phases, i.e., Al, Al3Ni2, Al3Ni, and Ni, when the Al/Ni atomic ratio was higher than 5 : 5. A lower Al/Ni atomic ratio less than 5 : 5 favored the formation of a dual-phase electrode consisting of Al3Ni2 and Ni. As the Al content increased, the specific surface area of the as-sintered electrodes increased in the initial stage and then decreased. The formation of pores was closely related to the content of the residual Al phase after the laser sintering. The residual Al phase filled the pores when the Al content was high, leading to a lower pore size. In contrast, the liquid Al phase completely reacted with the Ni component, leaving a large number of pores at its original sites. The linked pores can serve as transport channels for Li+ ions, provide mass sites for electrochemical reactions, and also buffer huge volume changes of the active material. Among the electrodes, the one with an Al/Ni ratio of 3 : 7 showed the best cycling/rate performance, i.e., a capacity of 522.8 mA h g-1 by a current of 0.1 A g-1 after 200 cycles, even holding to 338.4 mA h g-1 by a big current impact at 2 A g-1. It formed a metallurgical combination between the conductive network and the active material with multiple porous structures, which is helpful for the electrodes to provide high capacity and maintain structural stability during cycling. In addition, the average laser-sintering time of a single electrode was within 10 s, which is suitable for industrial mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Cunshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Wenfei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Xinglong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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Wang HC, Hsu CM, Gu B, Chung CC, Wu SC, Ilango PR, Huang JS, Yen WC, Chueh YL. Glancing angle deposition of large-scale helical Si@Cu 3Si nanorod arrays for high-performance anodes in rechargeable Li-ion batteries. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18626-18631. [PMID: 34734625 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05297g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) anode materials have attracted substantial interest due to their high theoretical capacity. Here, the growth of helical Si@Cu3Si nanorod arrays via glancing angle deposition (GLAD) followed by an annealing process is reported. Pre-deposited Cu atoms were driven into Si-nanorods and successfully reacted with Si to form a Si-Cu alloy at a high temperature. By varying the rotation rate and annealing temperature, the resultant Si@Cu3Si nanorod arrays showed a reasonably accessible surface area with precise control spacing behavior in favor of accommodating Si volume expansion. Meanwhile, the Si@Cu3Si anode materials showed higher electrical conductivity, facilitating Li+ ion diffusion and electron transfer. The Si@Cu3Si nanorod arrays in half cells exhibited a volumetric capacity as high as 3350.1 mA h cm-3 at a rate of 0.25 C and could maintain 1706.7 mA h cm-3 after 100 cycles, which are superior to those of pristine Si materials. This facile and innovative technology provided new insights into the development of Si-based electrode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chien Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Bingni Gu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - P Robert Ilango
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
| | | | - Wen-Chun Yen
- Giga Solar Materials Corporation, Hsinchu 303, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, 30013, Taiwan.
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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