Amplified cathodic electrochemiluminescence of luminol based on zinc oxide nanoparticle modified Ni-foam electrode for ultrasensitive detection of amoxicillin

Wireless rotating bipolar electrochemiluminescence for enzymatic detection

New dynamic, wireless and cost-effective analytical devices are developing rapidly in biochemical analysis. Here, we report on a remotely-controlled rotating electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing system for enzymatic detection of a model analyte, glucose, on both polarized sides of an iron wire acting as a bipolar electrode. The iron wire is controlled by double contactless mode, involving remote electric field polarization, and magnetic field-induced rotational motion. The former triggers the interfacial polarization of both extremities of the wire by bipolar electrochemistry, which generates ECL emission of the luminol derivative (L-012) with the enzymatically produced hydrogen peroxide in presence of glucose, at both anodic and cathodic poles, simultaneously. The latter generates a convective flow, leading to an increase in mass transfer and amplifying the corresponding ECL signals. Quantitative glucose detection in human serum samples is achieved. The ECL signals were found to be a linear function of the glucose concentration within the range of 10-1000 μM and with a limit of detection of 10 μM. The dynamic bipolar ECL system simultaneously generates light emissions at both anodic and cathodic poles for glucose detection, which can be further applied to biosensing and imaging in autonomous devices.

β-MnOOH nanoplate-enhanced chemiluminescence reaction and its application to the determination of amoxicillin and salbutamol sulfate

In this research, β-MnOOH nanoplates (NPLs) were hydrothermally produced and then identified using several spectroscopic methods. The β-MnOOH NPLs were used to catalyze the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of NaHCO₃ -H₂ O₂ . To validate the capability of the CL reaction for pharmaceutical analysis, the CL reaction of β-MnOOH NPLs-NaHCO₃ -H₂ O₂ reaction was exploited to develop a new method of measuring antibiotics named amoxicillin (AMX) and salbutamol sulfate (SLB). This method is based on the attenuating β-MnOOH NPLs-NaHCO₃ -H₂ O₂ CL reaction by the antibiotics. Calibration curves were linear in the range 3.00 × 10^-5 to 1.00 × 10^-3  mol L^-1 for AMX and in the range 1.00 × 10^-5 to 1.00 × 10^-4  mol L^-1 for SLB. The limits of detections obtained using the CL method for AMX and SLB were 8.90 × 10^-6  mol L^-1 and 5.60 × 10^-6  mol L^-1 , respectively. The relative standard deviations for AMX and SLB, at the 5.00 × 10^-5  mol L^-1 concentration, were 2.44% and 2.57% (n = 5), respectively. The study of the effect of foreign species showed that the CL method developed has the appropriate selectivity for AMX and SLB. The success of the CL method in actual samples analysis was demonstrated by accurately measuring the selected antibiotics in the pharmaceutical formulations.

Nanomaterials-Based Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors for Food Analysis: Recent Developments and Future Directions

Developing robust and sensitive food safety detection methods is important for human health. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful analytical technique for complete separation of input source (electricity) and output signal (light), thereby significantly reducing background ECL signal. ECL biosensors have attracted considerable attention owing to their high sensitivity and wide dynamic range in food safety detection. In this review, we introduce the principles of ECL biosensors and common ECL luminophores, as well as the latest applications of ECL biosensors in food analysis. Further, novel nanomaterial assembly strategies have been progressively incorporated into the design of ECL biosensors, and by demonstrating some representative works, we summarize the development status of ECL biosensors in detection of mycotoxins, heavy metal ions, antibiotics, pesticide residues, foodborne pathogens, and other illegal additives. Finally, the current challenges faced by ECL biosensors are outlined and the future directions for advancing ECL research are presented.

Determination of trichlorfon using a molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor on multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with silver nanoparticles

Considering the limitations associated with existing methods for the detection of trace amounts of trichlorfon, this paper proposes a novel molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for the detection of trichlorfon by utilizing the double enhancement effect of trichlorfon and Ag nanoparticles supported by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs/Ag NPs) in a luminol-H₂O₂ ECL system. Here, trichlorfon was electropolymerized on the surface of the MWCNT/Ag NP-modified gold nanoelectrode with o-phenylenediamine to prepare the molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensor. After eluting the trichlorfon, imprinted holes for the identification of trichlorfon were retained on the sensor, which were used as signal switches to obtain different ECL intensities through the adsorption of different concentrations of trichlorfon. The ECL signal of the sensitized luminol-H₂O₂ was doubly enhanced by the MWCNTs/Ag and trichlorfon, improving the sensitivity of the sensor. The trichlorfon concentration was positively correlated with the enhanced ECL intensity of the sensor in the range 5.0 × 10^-8-5.0 × 10^-11 mol L^-1, and the detection limit of trichlorfon was 3.9 × 10^-12 mol L^-1. Moreover, the proposed sensor was successfully applied to the detection of trichlorfon residues in real samples, and the recovery ranged between 91.8 and 109%. A molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor for trichlorfon detection by utilizing the double enhancement effect of trichlorfon and Ag nanoparticles supported by multi-walled carbon nanotubes in a luminol-H₂O₂ ECL system. The dual enhancement of the ECL signal improved the sensitivity of the sensor.