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Yang S, Li Y, Chen L, Wang H, Shang L, He P, Dong H, Wang G, Ding G. Fabrication of Carbon-Based Quantum Dots via a "Bottom-Up" Approach: Topology, Chirality, and Free Radical Processes in "Building Blocks". SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2205957. [PMID: 36610043 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs) has allowed opportunities for fluorescence bioimaging, tumor diagnosis and treatment, and photo-/electro-catalysis. Nevertheless, in the existing reviews related to the "bottom-up" approaches, attention is mainly paid to the applications of CQDs but not the formation mechanism of CQDs, which mainly derived from the high complexities during the synthesis of CQDs. Among the various synthetic methods, using small molecules as "building blocks", the development of a "bottom-up" approach has promoted the structural design, modulation of the photoluminescence properties, and control of the interfacial properties of CQDs. On the other hand, many works have demonstrated the "building blocks"-dependent properties of CQDs. In this review, from one of the most important variables, the relationships among intrinsic properties of "building blocks" and photoluminescence properties of CQDs are summarized. The topology, chirality, and free radical process are selected as descriptors for the intrinsic properties of "building blocks". This review focuses on the induction and summary of recent research results from the "bottom-up" process. Moreover, several empirical rules pertaining thereto are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liangfeng Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hang Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Liuyang Shang
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Graphene Materials and Applications, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Biswas S, Biswas R. Chitosan-the miracle biomaterial as detection and diminishing mediating agent for heavy metal ions: A mini review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137187. [PMID: 36379428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation of heavy metal ions as aquatic pollutants has been a matter of growing concern now a days. Several anthropogenic activities have fueled higher concentration of heavy metal ions in aquatic bodies above threshold values, as set by World Health Organization. Of late, chitosan for its exquisite properties has been widely used in tackling this burning problem of aquatic pollution caused by heavy metal ions. Accordingly, this mini review appraises the detection as well as diminution activities where chitosan plays the major contributing part. Starting from the intrinsic properties of chitosan, the detection strategy via chitosan composites is comprehensively delineated. Likewise, the removal activities via chitosan mediating agents are also overviewed, followed by future recommendations. It is believed that this mini review will give researchers a brief appraisal of two prominent activities related to controlling of heavy metal ion pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Biswas
- Department of English, Amguri College, Amguri, India
| | - Rajib Biswas
- Applied Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tezpur University, India.
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Shakeel A, Rizwan K, Farooq U, Iqbal S, Iqbal T, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA. Polymer based nanocomposites: A strategic tool for detection of toxic pollutants in environmental matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:134923. [PMID: 35568211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A large fraction of population is suffering from waterborne diseases due to the contaminated drinking water. Both anthropogenic and natural sources are responsible for water contamination. Revolution in industrial and agriculture sectors along with a huge increase in human population has brought more amount of wastes like heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics. These toxins are very harmful for human health, therefore, it is necessary to sense their presence in environment. Conventional strategies face various problems in detection and quantification of these pollutants such as expensive equipment and requirement of high maintenance with limited portability. Recently, nanostructured devices have been developed to detect environmental pollutants. Polymeric nanocomposites have been found robust, cost effective, highly efficient and accurate for sensing various environmental pollutants and this is due to their porous framework, multi-functionalities, redox properties, great conductivity, catalytic features, facile operation at room temperature and large surface area. Synergistic effects between polymeric matrix and nanomaterials are responsible for improved sensing features and environmental adaptability. This review focuses on the recent advancement in polymeric nanocomposites for sensing heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics. The advantages, disadvantages, operating conditions and future perspectives of polymeric nanocomposites for sensing toxic pollutants have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Shakeel
- Laboratory of Process Engineering, NeptunLab, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79110, Germany; Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF), Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany; Department of Chemical, Polymer & Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, New Campus (KSK), Lahore, 54890, Pakistan; Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628, CN, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Komal Rizwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan.
| | - Ujala Farooq
- Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Department of Aerospace Structures and Materials, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629, HS, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Iqbal
- Department of Chemical, Polymer & Composite Materials Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology, New Campus (KSK), Lahore, 54890, Pakistan
| | - Nasser S Awwad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A Ibrahium
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Department of Semi Pilot Plant, Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Egypt
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