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Tian T, Zhang WY, Zhou HY, Peng LJ, Zhou X, Zhang H, Yang FQ. A Catechol-Meter Based on Conventional Personal Glucose Meter for Portable Detection of Tyrosinase and Sodium Benzoate. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12121084. [PMID: 36551051 PMCID: PMC9776396 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the personal glucose meter (PGM) was first used as a fast and user-friendly meter for analyzing catechol (CA) based on the reduction of the mediator K3[Fe(CN)6] to K4[Fe(CN)6] in the glucose test strip. Then, an easy, low-cost, and convenient PGM-based method for detecting tyrosinase (TYR) activity and sodium benzoate (SBA) was developed on the basis of the TYR-catalyzed reaction. In this method, CA is oxidized to form o-benzoquinone by TYR, thereby reducing the residual amount of CA and the PGM readout. On the other hand, SBA can inhibit the oxidation of CA catalyzed by TYR and increase the residual amount of CA after the enzymatic reaction. Therefore, the activity of TYR is proportional to the difference in the PGM readout of CA, and the concentration of SBA is positively correlated with the residual amount of CA. After the relevant experimental conditions were systematically optimized, the proposed PGM-based method for the detection of TYR and SBA was successfully validated. The liner ranges are 1.0-103.3 U/mL and 6.25-1000 ppm, and the quantification limits are 1.0 U/mL and 6.25 ppm for TYR and SBA, respectively. Moreover, the spiked recovery tests in normal human serum and carbonate beverages (i.e., Cola, Sprite, and Fanta) were performed, and the recoveries (91.6-106.8%) further confirm the applicability of the PGM-based method in real sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wei-Yi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Li-Jing Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Feng-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Hu Y, Li J, Lin H, Liu P, Zhang F, Lin X, Liang J, Tao Y, Jiang Y, Chen B. Ultrasonic treatment decreases Lyophyllum decastes fruiting body browning and affects energy metabolism. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106111. [PMID: 35998484 PMCID: PMC9421313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lyophyllum decastes is a common mushroom that is prone to browning during prolonged storage. In this study, the effects of ultrasonic treatment on metabolic gene expression, enzyme activity, and metabolic compounds related to L. decastes browning were investigated. Treatment of the fruiting body at 35 kHz and 300 W for 10 min reduced the browning index of L. decastes by 21.0 % and increased the L* value by 11.1 %. Ultrasonic treatment of the fruiting body resulted in higher levels of total phenols, flavonoids, and 9 kinds of amino acid with catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities maintained at high levels. Higher cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) activities may be ascribed to increased antioxidant capacity. Moreover, ultrasonication retained higher adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations with an increased energy charge, while there were lower levels of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and reduced and oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH and NAD+), respectively. Meanwhile, lower lignin contents were observed, along with retarded polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities. Lower PPO activity reduced the fruiting body enzymatic browning rate through decreased expression of LdPpo1, LdPpo2, and LdPpo3 during storage at 4 °C for 16 days. This activity may be used to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Hu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Li
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Hailu Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Peipei Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Fangyi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaotong Lin
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiachen Liang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yuji Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
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