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Bendixen C, Brosens E, Chung WK. Genetic Diagnostic Strategies and Counseling for Families Affected by Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2021; 31:472-481. [PMID: 34911129 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a relatively common and severe birth defect with variable clinical outcome and associated malformations in up to 60% of patients. Mortality and morbidity remain high despite advances in pre-, intra-, and postnatal management. We review the current literature and give an overview about the genetics of CDH to provide guidelines for clinicians with respect to genetic diagnostics and counseling for families. Until recently, the common practice was (molecular) karyotyping or chromosome microarray if the CDH diagnosis is made prenatally with a 10% diagnostic yield. Undiagnosed patients can be reflexed to trio exome/genome sequencing with an additional diagnostic yield of 10 to 20%. Even with a genetic diagnosis, there can be a range of clinical outcomes. All families with a child with CDH with or without additional malformations should be offered genetic counseling and testing in a family-based trio approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bendixen
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Unit of Pediatric Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Kay Chung
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States
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de Jesus LE, Fulgencio C, Leve TC, Dekermacher S. Nephroblastomatosis and wilms tumor: dangerous liaisons. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 48:157-164. [PMID: 33650837 PMCID: PMC8691244 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisieux Eyer de Jesus
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Urologia Pediátrica, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Celine Fulgencio
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Urologia Pediátrica, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Thais Cardoso Leve
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Urologia Pediátrica, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Samuel Dekermacher
- Departamento de Cirurgia e Urologia Pediátrica, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Ministério da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Perilobar nephroblastomatosis: natural history and management. Case Rep Pediatr 2014; 2014:756819. [PMID: 25114825 PMCID: PMC4120796 DOI: 10.1155/2014/756819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephroblastomatosis (NB) has been considered as a precursor of Wilms tumor (WT). The natural history of NB seems to present significant variation as some lesions may regress spontaneously, while others may grow and expand or relapse and develop into WT later in childhood. Although, most investigators suggest adjutant chemotherapy, the effect and duration of treatment are not well established. Children with diffuse perilobar NB, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, and hemihypertrophy seem to particularly benefit from treatment. We discuss our experience on two cases of NB and we review the literature for the management of this rare condition.
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Patel C, Hardy G, Cox P, Bowdin S, McKeown C, Russell AB. Mosaic trisomy 1q: The longest surviving case. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:1795-800. [PMID: 19610079 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.32959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present the longest known surviving case of a male infant with a mosaic complete trisomy 1q. Born at 39 weeks of gestation with respiratory distress, his weight was 3,330 g (25th centile); he had micrognathia, a posterior cleft of palate, abnormal ears and left thumb, syndactyly, and an absent corpus callosum. Initial blood karyotype was normal (46,XY). He died at age 5 months. Autopsy suggested aspiration as the primary cause of death and confirmed the antemortem findings of an absent corpus callosum and atrial septal defect. It also identified some central nervous system, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and lung anomalies not previously recognized. Cytogenetic analysis of skin fibroblasts obtained at autopsy showed a de novo unbalanced translocation between chromosomes 1 and 22: 46,XY,+1,der(1;22)(q10;q10)[25]/46,XY[65] in the cells examined. The previously reported cases had a similar phenotype with birth weight above the 50th centile for gestational age, small mouth, micrognathia, abnormal ears, abnormal fingers, microphthalmia, and hydrocephalus. The present case and a review of the literature delineates the phenotype in trisomy 1q, and reinforces the critical importance of effective communication between specialists, and obtaining permission for autopsy and skin biopsy, in the pursuit of a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chirag Patel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Birmingham Women's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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Otake K, Uchida K, Inoue M, Koike Y, Matsushita K, Miki C, Sugiyama T, Kusunoki M. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with a pure duplication of chromosome 1q: report of the first surviving case. Pediatr Surg Int 2009; 25:827-31. [PMID: 19629498 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-009-2421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs in multiple malformation syndromes and associations, and has been associated with cytogenetic aberrations on almost every chromosome arm. However, CDH with a duplication of chromosome 1q is very rare in the literature, and all previously reported cases with detailed clinical courses died soon after birth. We present the first surviving case of CDH with a duplication of 1q12-q23, who had arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. CDH patients with a proximal duplication of chromosome 1q may have a chance for survival, and CDH with a duplication of chromosome 1q is not necessarily a lethal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Otake
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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Sawyer JR, Binz RL, Swanson CM, Lim C. De novo proximal duplication of 1(q12q22) in a female infant with multiple congenital anomalies. Am J Med Genet A 2007; 143:338-42. [PMID: 17230489 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reports of small proximal 1q duplications are rare. We report a 1 month-old female who was referred to clinic because she was believed to have features suggestive of Turner syndrome. The patient's dysmorphic features included a prominent nose, low-set and crumpled ears, slightly high palate, short neck, high-pitched cry, mild micrognathia, hypoplastic labia majora, and somewhat deep palmar creases. Traditional G-band chromosome studies of the patient were interpreted as 46,XX,dup(1)(q12q21). To further evaluate the extent of the chromosome 1 duplication, Spectral Karyotyping and a series of six fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes were utilized. The FISH probes refined the extent of the duplication to involve the region 1(q12q22) indicating the duplicated segment was larger than interpreted by the G-banding studies. This first case of non-mosaic proximal duplication of 1q to be characterized by multiple locus specific FISH probes should allow a more refined delineation of the phenotypic findings and clinical significance associated with this rare chromosomal duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Sawyer
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72204, USA.
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Valbuena D, Galán A, Sánchez E, Poo ME, Gómez E, Sánchez-Luengo S, Melguizo D, García A, Ruiz V, Moreno R, Pellicer A, Simón C. Derivation and characterization of three new Spanish human embryonic stem cell lines (VAL -3 -4 -5) on human feeder and in serum-free conditions. Reprod Biomed Online 2007; 13:875-86. [PMID: 17169214 DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A total of 184 human embryos, frozen for >5 years, were donated; informed consent was obtained according to Spanish law 45/2003. Survival rate was 40% and three out of 24 blastocysts (12.5%) developed into putative hESC lines, named VAL-3, VAL-4, and VAL-5. The derivation process was performed on microbiologically tested and irradiated human foreskin fibroblasts and designed to minimize contact with xeno-components in knockout DMEM supplemented with knockout serum replacement, and basic fibroblast growth factor. Fingerprinting and HLA typing of the cell lines allowed their identification and traceability. Karyotype was normal for VAL-3 (46XY), VAL-4 (46XX) and VAL-5 (46XX). All three hESC lines expressed specific markers for non-differentiation (Nanog, stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 [SSEA-4], tumour-related antigen [TRA]-1-60, and TRA-1-81) and were negative for SSEA-1. RT-PCR further demonstrated the expression of Oct-4, Sox2, Rex-1, Nanog, Cripto, Thy-1, and Lefty-A. Furthermore, they were found to be negative for classical differentiation markers such as neurofilament heavy chain (ectoderm), renin (mesoderm), and amylase (endoderm). All three cell lines displayed high levels of telomerase activity, and were shown to successfully overcome cryopreservation and thawing. Finally, these three new hESC lines have demonstrated the potential to differentiate in vitro and in vivo (teratoma formation) into cell types originating from all three germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Valbuena
- Banco Nacional de Líneas Celulares, Nodo de Valencia, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
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Ogur G, Pinarli FG, Dağdemir A, Artan S, Artürk E, Elli M, Sezer OT, Okten G. Germ cell tumor showing partial trisomy 1 in a gonadectomized intersex child with monosomy X and double Y mosaicism. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2006; 28:750-4. [PMID: 17114963 DOI: 10.1097/01.mph.0000243651.33561.d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
High incidence of germ cell tumors arising from dysgenetic gonads in patients with sexual chromosome abnormalities has been described, especially in patients with a Y chromosome bearing cell line. Here we report a 14-year-old patient with ambiguous genitalia. Constitutional karyotype showed 45,X/46,X,derY [?t(Yp;Yq)] mosaicism. The patient developed an abdominally located mixed malignant germ cell tumor 5 years after the removal of the dysgenetic gonads. Tumor karyotype showed partial trisomy 1q, a derivative 8q, and a hyperdiploidy with +X, +7, +12, +15, +19, +21, and an unidentified marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Ogur
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Pediatric Genetics, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
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