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He W, Gasmi-Seabrook GMC, Ikura M, Lee JE, Ohh M. Time-resolved NMR detection of prolyl-hydroxylation in intrinsically disordered region of HIF-1α. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2408104121. [PMID: 39231207 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2408104121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolyl-hydroxylation is an oxygen-dependent posttranslational modification (PTM) that is known to regulate fibril formation of collagenous proteins and modulate cellular expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) α subunits. However, our understanding of this important but relatively rare PTM has remained incomplete due to the lack of biophysical methodologies that can directly measure multiple prolyl-hydroxylation events within intrinsically disordered proteins. Here, we describe a real-time 13C-direct detection NMR-based assay for studying the hydroxylation of two evolutionarily conserved prolines (P402 and P564) simultaneously in the intrinsically disordered oxygen-dependent degradation domain of hypoxic-inducible factor 1α by exploiting the "proton-less" nature of prolines. We show unambiguously that P564 is rapidly hydroxylated in a time-resolved manner while P402 hydroxylation lags significantly behind that of P564. The differential hydroxylation rate was negligibly influenced by the binding affinity to prolyl-hydroxylase enzyme, but rather by the surrounding amino acid composition, particularly the conserved tyrosine residue at the +1 position to P564. These findings support the unanticipated notion that the evolutionarily conserved P402 seemingly has a minimal impact in normal oxygen-sensing pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenguang He
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | | | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jeffrey E Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Biochemistry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Ying C, Wang R, Wang Z, Tao J, Yin W, Zhang J, Yi C, Qi X, Han D. BMSC-Exosomes Carry Mutant HIF-1α for Improving Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis in Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:565561. [PMID: 33330411 PMCID: PMC7710518 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.565561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair and reconstruction of critical-sized bone defects has always been a difficult task in orthopedics. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in bone defect repair, it has the dual function of promoting osteogenesis and vascular regeneration, but it is quickly degraded by the body under normoxic conditions. Previously we prepared mutant HIF-1α, which has been shown to efficiently maintain cellular expression under normoxic conditions. In this study, we evaluated for the first time the role of exosomes of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell carry mutant HIF-1α (BMSC-Exos-HIF1α) in repairing critical-sized bone defects. Evaluation of the effects of BMSC-Exos-HIF1α on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) proliferation and osteogenic differentiation by cell proliferation assay, alkaline phosphatase activity assay, alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. BMSC-Exos-HIF1α was loaded onto the β-TCP stent implanted in the bone defect area using a rat cranial critical-sized bone defect model, and new bone formation and neovascularization were detected in vivo by micro-CT, fluorescence labeling analysis, Microfil perfusion, histology and immunohistochemical analysis. In vitro results showed that BMSC-Exos-HIF1α stimulated the proliferation of BMSCs and up-regulated the expression level of bone-related genes, which was superior to bone marrow MSC exosomes (BMSC-Exos). In vivo results showed that BMSC-Exos-HIF1α combined with β-TCP scaffold promoted new bone regeneration and neovascularization in the bone defect area, and the effect was better than that of BMSC-Exos combined with β-TCP scaffold. In this study, the results showed that BMSC-Exos-HIF1α stimulated the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and that BMSC-Exos-HIF1α combined with β-TCP scaffolds could repair critical-sized bone defects by promoting new bone regeneration and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenting Ying
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengqing Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Intensive Care, Shanghai Songjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Kim DH, Han KH. PreSMo Target-Binding Signatures in Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Mol Cells 2018; 41:889-899. [PMID: 30352491 PMCID: PMC6199570 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are highly unorthodox proteins that do not form three-dimensional structures under physiological conditions. The discovery of IDPs has destroyed the classical structure-function paradigm in protein science, 3-D structure = function, because IDPs even without well-folded 3-D structures are still capable of performing important biological functions and furthermore are associated with fatal diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and viral pandemics. Pre-structured motifs (PreSMos) refer to transient local secondary structural elements present in the target-unbound state of IDPs. During the last two decades PreSMos have been steadily acknowledged as the critical determinants for target binding in dozens of IDPs. To date, the PreSMo concept provides the most convincing structural rationale explaining the IDP-target binding behavior at an atomic resolution. Here we present a brief developmental history of PreSMos and describe their common characteristics. We also provide a list of newly discovered PreSMos along with their functional relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hyoung Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141,
Korea
| | - Kyou-Hoon Han
- Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141,
Korea
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Lee SH, Cha EJ, Lim JE, Kwon SH, Kim DH, Cho H, Han KH. Structural characterization of an intrinsically unfolded mini-HBX protein from hepatitis B virus. Mol Cells 2012; 34:165-9. [PMID: 22820921 PMCID: PMC3887815 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus x protein (HBX) is expressed in HBV-infected liver cells and can interact with a wide range of cellular proteins. In order to understand such promiscuous behavior of HBX we expressed a truncated mini-HBX protein (named Tr-HBX) (residues 18-142) with 5 Cys → Ser mutations and characterized its structural features using circular dichroism (CD) spectropolarimetry, NMR spectroscopy as well as bioinformatics tools for predicting disorder in intrinsically unstructured proteins (IUPs). The secondary structural content of Tr-HBX from CD data suggests that Tr-HBX is only partially folded. The protein disorder prediction by IUPred reveals that the unstructured region encompasses its N-terminal ~30 residues of Tr-HBX. A two-dimensional (1)H-(15)N HSQC NMR spectrum exhibits fewer number of resonances than expected, suggesting that Tr-HBX is a hybrid type IUP where its folded C-terminal half coexists with a disordered N-terminal region. Many IUPs are known to be capable of having promiscuous interactions with a multitude of target proteins. Therefore the intrinsically disordered nature of Tr-HBX revealed in this study provides a partial structural basis for the promiscuous structure-function behavior of HBX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hyung Lee
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Cha
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Lim
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Soon-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-721,
Korea
| | - Do-Hyoung Kim
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
| | - Hyeseong Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 443-721,
Korea
| | - Kyou-Hoon Han
- Biomedical Translational Research Center, Division of Convergent Biomedical Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806,
Korea
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-333,
Korea
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