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Tognetti L, Marrocco C, Carraro A, Conticini E, Habougit C, Mariotti G, Cinotti E, Perrot JL, Rubegni P. UVA-1 phototherapy as adjuvant treatment for eosinophilic fasciitis: in vitro and in vivo functional characterization. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:718-726. [PMID: 34881449 PMCID: PMC9299925 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare autoimmune disease causing progressive induration of dermal, hypodermal, and muscularis fascia. The exact pathogenesis is yet to be fully understood, and a validated therapy protocol still lacks. We here aimed to realize a clinical-functional characterization of these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of eight patients (five males, 45 years average) were treated with adjuvant high-dose UVA-1 phototherapy (90 J/cm), after having received the standard systemic immunosuppressive protocol (oral methylprednisolone switched to methotrexate). Body lesion mapping, Localized Scleroderma Assessment Tool (LoSCAT), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), High-Resolution Ultrasound (HRUS) (13-17MHz), and ultra HRUS (55-70 MHz) were performed at each examination time taking specific anatomical points. Gene expression analysis at a molecular level and in vitro UVA-1 irradiation was realized on lesional fibroblasts primary cultures. RESULTS The LoSCAT and the DLQI showed to decrease significantly starting from the last UVA-1 session. A significant reduction in muscularis fascia thickness (-50% on average) was estimated starting from 3 months after the last UVA-1 session and maintained up to 12 months follow-up. Tissues was detected by HRUS. The UVA-1 in vitro irradiation of lesional skin sites cells appeared not to affect their viability. Molecular genes analysis revealed a significant reduction of IL-1ß and of TGF-ß genes after phototherapy, while MMPs 1,2,9 gene expression was enhanced. COMMENT These preliminary in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that UVA-1 phototherapy is a safe and useful adjuvant therapy able to elicit anti-inflammatory effects and stimulate tissue matrix digestion and remodeling at lesional sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Tognetti
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Camilla Marrocco
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Carraro
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Edoardo Conticini
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Cyril Habougit
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Giancarlo Mariotti
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical and Neuro-sciences, University of Siena, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by heterogeneous clinical symptoms. Peripheral skin fibrosis can be a common symptom. Nevertheless, a variety of diseases with different etiologies are associated with a thickening of the skin and make the initial diagnosis of systemic sclerosis more difficult. OBJECTIVE The different disease entities that can lead to dermal fibrosis should be differentiated. An earlier diagnosis of SSc would therefore be facilitated. METHODS A literature search was carried out for clinical pictures that can be associated with skin fibrosis. The clinical picture, the etiology and the treatment of the individual diseases are described. RESULTS Diseases that can mimic the cutaneous symptoms of SSc include morphea, scleroderma, diabetic cheirarthritis, scleromyxedema, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and eosinophilic fasciitis. The characteristic pronounced skin involvement, an accompanying Raynaud's phenomenon, capillary microscopy, histopathology and antinuclear antibodies help to enable a differentiation of SSc from its mimics. CONCLUSION An early differential diagnostic distinction between SSc and other sclerosing diseases is important due to SSc-associated and potentially life-threatening systemic organ involvement. If a diagnosis of SSc has been made, a critical and organ-specific evaluation with respect to pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal and cardiac involvement is mandatory and should be repeated at regular intervals.
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Jinnin M, Yamamoto T, Asano Y, Ishikawa O, Sato S, Takehara K, Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Ihn H. Diagnostic criteria, severity classification and guidelines of eosinophilic fasciitis. J Dermatol 2018; 45:881-890. [PMID: 29235676 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We established diagnostic criteria and severity classification of eosinophilic fasciitis because there is no established diagnostic criteria or widely accepted severity classification of the disease. Also, there has been no clinical guideline for eosinophilic fasciitis, so we established its clinical guideline ahead of all over the world. In particular, the clinical guideline was established by clinical questions based on evidence-based medicine according to the New Minds Clinical Practice Guideline Creation Manual (version 1.0). We aimed to make the guideline easy to use and reliable based on the newest evidence, and to present guidance as specific as possible for various clinical problems in treatment of eosinophilic fasciitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takehara
- Department of Molecular Pathology of Skin, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Minoru Hasegawa
- Department of Dermatology Division, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Manabu Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Abstract
Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, encompasses a group of idiopathic sclerotic skin diseases. The spectrum ranges from relatively mild phenotypes, which generally cause few problems besides local discomfort and visible disfigurement, to subtypes with severe complications such as joint contractures and limb length discrepancies. Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF, Shulman syndrome) is often regarded as belonging to the severe end of the morphea spectrum. The exact driving mechanisms behind morphea and EF pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. However, extensive extracellular matrix formation and autoimmune dysfunction are thought to be key pathogenic processes. Likewise, these processes are considered essential in systemic sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis. In addition, similarities in clinical presentation between morphea and SSc have led to many theories about their relatedness. Importantly, morphea may be differentiated from SSc based on absence of sclerodactyly, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and nailfold capillary changes. The diagnosis of morphea is often based on characteristic clinical findings. Histopathological evaluation of skin biopsies and laboratory tests are not necessary in the majority of morphea cases. However, full-thickness skin biopsies, containing fascia and muscle tissue, are required for the diagnosis of EF. Monitoring of disease activity and damage, especially of subcutaneous involvement, is one of the most challenging aspects of morphea care. Therefore, data harmonization is crucial for optimizing standard care and for comparability of study results. Recently, the localized scleroderma cutaneous assessment tool (LoSCAT) has been developed and validated for morphea. The LoSCAT is currently the most widely reported outcome measure for morphea. Care providers should take disease subtype, degree of activity, depth of involvement, and quality-of-life impairments into account when initiating treatment. In most patients with circumscribed superficial subtypes, treatment with topical therapies suffices. In more widespread disease, UVA1 phototherapy or systemic treatment with methotrexate (MTX), with or without a systemic corticosteroid combination, should be initiated. Disappointingly, few alternatives for MTX have been described and additional research is still needed to optimize treatment for these debilitating conditions. In this review, we present a state-of-the-art flow chart that guides care providers in the treatment of morphea and EF.
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Abstract
Cutaneous fibrosing disorders encompass a diverse array of diseases united by the presence of varying degrees of dermal sclerosis. The quality and distribution of skin involvement, presence or absence of systemic complications and unique associated laboratory abnormalities often help to distinguish between these diseases. It is imperative that an effort is made to accurately differentiate between scleroderma and its mimics, in order to guide long-term management and facilitate implementation of the appropriate treatment modality where indicated.
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de Masson A, Bouaziz JD, de Latour RP, Benhamou Y, Moluçon-Chabrot C, Bay JO, Laquerrière A, Picquenot JM, Michonneau D, Leguy-Seguin V, Rybojad M, Bonnotte B, Jardin F, Lévesque H, Bagot M, Socié G. Severe aplastic anemia associated with eosinophilic fasciitis: report of 4 cases and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2013; 92:69-81. [PMID: 23429351 PMCID: PMC4553982 DOI: 10.1097/md.0b013e3182899e78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman disease) is a rare sclerodermiform syndrome that, in most cases, resolves spontaneously or after corticosteroid therapy. It has been associated with hematologic disorders, such as aplastic anemia. The clinical features and long-term outcomes of patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and associated aplastic anemia have been poorly described. We report the cases of 4 patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and associated severe aplastic anemia. For 3 of these patients, aplastic anemia was refractory to conventional immunosuppressive therapy with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine. One of the patients received rituximab as a second-line therapy with significant efficacy for both the skin and hematologic symptoms. To our knowledge, this report is the first to describe rituximab used to treat eosinophilic fasciitis with associated aplastic anemia. In a literature review, we identified 19 additional cases of eosinophilic fasciitis and aplastic anemia. Compared to patients with isolated eosinophilic fasciitis, patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and associated aplastic anemia were more likely to be men (70%) and older (mean age, 56 yr; range, 18-71 yr). Corticosteroid-containing regimens improved skin symptoms in 5 (42%) of 12 cases but were ineffective in the treatment of associated aplastic anemia in all but 1 case. Aplastic anemia was profound in 13 cases (57%) and was the cause of death in 8 cases (35%). Only 5 patients (22%) achieved long-term remission (allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: n = 2; cyclosporine-containing regimen: n = 2; high-dose corticosteroid-based regimen: n = 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle de Masson
- From Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; AP-HP; Service de Dermatologie (AdM, JDB, MR, MB) and Service de Greffe de Moëlle et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Aplasies Médullaires (RPdL, DM, GS), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris; Service de Médecine Interne (YB, HL) and Service d’Anatomopathologie (AL), Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Rouen; Service d’Hématologie (CMC, JOB), Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand; Service d’Anatomopathologie (JMP) and Service d’Hématologie (FJ), Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen; and Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique (VLS, BB), Hôpital Le Bocage, Dijon; France
| | - Jean-David Bouaziz
- From Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; AP-HP; Service de Dermatologie (AdM, JDB, MR, MB) and Service de Greffe de Moëlle et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Aplasies Médullaires (RPdL, DM, GS), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris; Service de Médecine Interne (YB, HL) and Service d’Anatomopathologie (AL), Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Rouen; Service d’Hématologie (CMC, JOB), Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand; Service d’Anatomopathologie (JMP) and Service d’Hématologie (FJ), Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen; and Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique (VLS, BB), Hôpital Le Bocage, Dijon; France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Martine Bagot
- From Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; AP-HP; Service de Dermatologie (AdM, JDB, MR, MB) and Service de Greffe de Moëlle et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Aplasies Médullaires (RPdL, DM, GS), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris; Service de Médecine Interne (YB, HL) and Service d’Anatomopathologie (AL), Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Rouen; Service d’Hématologie (CMC, JOB), Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand; Service d’Anatomopathologie (JMP) and Service d’Hématologie (FJ), Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen; and Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique (VLS, BB), Hôpital Le Bocage, Dijon; France
| | - Gérard Socié
- From Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité; AP-HP; Service de Dermatologie (AdM, JDB, MR, MB) and Service de Greffe de Moëlle et Centre de Référence Maladies Rares des Aplasies Médullaires (RPdL, DM, GS), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris; Service de Médecine Interne (YB, HL) and Service d’Anatomopathologie (AL), Hôpital Charles-Nicolle, Rouen; Service d’Hématologie (CMC, JOB), Hôpital Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand; Service d’Anatomopathologie (JMP) and Service d’Hématologie (FJ), Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen; and Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique (VLS, BB), Hôpital Le Bocage, Dijon; France
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Mylona E, Golfinopoulou S, Skarmea A, Katsikas G, Skrepetou K, Nakos G, Tsigka A, Skoutelis A. Post-radiation scleredema adultorum and diffuse eosinophilic fasciitis in the same patient. Scand J Rheumatol 2010; 40:240-1. [DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2010.517216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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