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Zhang J, Hu D, Li L, Qu D, Shi W, Xie L, Jiang Q, Li H, Yu T, Qi C, Fu H. M2 Microglia-derived Exosomes Promote Spinal Cord Injury Recovery in Mice by Alleviating A1 Astrocyte Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04026-6. [PMID: 38367135 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
M2 microglia transplantation has previously demonstrated beneficial effects on spinal cord injury (SCI) by regulating neuroinflammation and enhancing neuronal survival. Exosomes (EXOs), secreted by almost all cell types, embody partial functions and properties of their parent cells. However, the effect of M2 microglia-derived EXOs (M2-EXOs) on SCI recovery and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we isolated M2-EXOs and intravenously introduced them into mice with SCI. Considering the reciprocal communication between microglia and astroglia in both healthy and injured central nervous systems (CNSs), we subsequently focused on the influence of M2-EXOs on astrocyte phenotype regulation. Our findings indicated that M2-EXOs promoted neuron survival and axon preservation, reduced the lesion area, inhibited A1 astrocyte activation, and improved motor function recovery in SCI mice. Moreover, they inhibited the nuclear translocation of p65 and the activation of the NF-κB signalling pathway in A1 astrocytes. Therefore, our research suggests that M2-EXOs mitigate the activation of neurotoxic A1 astrocytes by inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway, thereby improving spinal tissue preservation and motor function recovery following SCI. This positions M2-EXOs as a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Die Hu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Bone Surgery, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Di Qu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Weipeng Shi
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Medical Department of, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, 266071, China
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Haitao Fu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Sotoudeheian M, Mirahmadi SMS, Pirhayati M, Azarbad R, Nematollahi S, Taghizadeh M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Understanding the Role of Galectin-1 in Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-137063. [PMID: 38192129 PMCID: PMC11071677 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x274886231227111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the fastest-growing cardiovascular condition worldwide. The immune system may play a role in the development of HF since this condition is associated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. HF is a life-threatening disease, and there is an increasing demand for diagnostic biomarkers, prognostic factors, and therapeutic agents that can help treat it. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is the prototype galectin of the lectin family. Multiple signal transduction pathways are regulated by Ras proteins, which act as a molecular switch in cells. Gal-1 regulates T and B cell activation, differentiation, and survival. Gal-1 has been linked to inflammation. Activated T cells produce Gal-1 through an autocrine apoptotic mechanism involving MEK1/ERK and p38 MAPK. In the cardiovascular system, atherosclerosis is facilitated by Gal-1. Heart disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and stroke can be caused by atherosclerotic plaque. HF and heart hypertrophy are caused by decreased cardiac L-type Ca2+ channel activity. Deregulation of Gal-1 and CaV1.2 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy suggests a possible target for anti-hypertrophic therapy. Rat hypertrophic cardiomyocytes express Gal-1 and CaV1.2 channels simultaneously. It has been reported that diastolic dysfunction (DD) is associated with elevated Gal-1 levels. The high Gal-1 level in subjects led to the lowest cumulative survival as a composite endpoint. Incidences of HF, DD, and serum Gal-1 levels correlated significantly. The ejection fraction was negatively correlated with Gal-1 and CRP concentrations. Based on two different approaches in mice and humans, Gal-1 was identified as a potential mediator of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadjavad Sotoudeheian
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Pirhayati
- Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Azarbad
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Taghizadeh
- Cardiology Resident, Department of Cardiology, Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Teder T, Haeggström JZ, Airavaara M, Lõhelaid H. Cross-talk between bioactive lipid mediators and the unfolded protein response in ischemic stroke. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106760. [PMID: 37331425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebral stroke is a severe medical condition that affects about 15 million people every year and is the second leading cause of death and disability globally. Ischemic stroke results in neuronal cell death and neurological impairment. Current therapies may not adequately address the deleterious metabolic changes and may increase neurological damage. Oxygen and nutrient depletion along with the tissue damage result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), and neuroinflammation in the affected area and cause cell death in the lesion core. The spatio-temporal production of lipid mediators, either pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving, decides the course and outcome of stroke. The modulation of the UPR as well as the resolution of inflammation promotes post-stroke cellular viability and neuroprotection. However, studies about the interplay between the UPR and bioactive lipid mediators remain elusive and this review gives insights about the crosstalk between lipid mediators and the UPR in ischemic stroke. Overall, the treatment of ischemic stroke is often inadequate due to lack of effective drugs, thus, this review will provide novel therapeutical strategies that could promote the functional recovery from ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helike Lõhelaid
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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The Potential Neuroprotective Effect of Cyperus esculentus L. Extract in Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats: Extensive Biological and Metabolomics Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207118. [PMID: 36296710 PMCID: PMC9606906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the phytochemical composition of tiger nut (TN) (Cyperus esculentus L.) and its neuroprotective potential in scopolamine (Scop)-induced cognitive impairment in rats. The UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis enabled the putative annotation of 88 metabolites, such as saccharides, amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Treatment with TN extract restored Scop-induced learning and memory impairments. In parallel, TN extract succeeded in lowering amyloid beta, β-secretase protein expression and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus of rats. TN extract decreased malondialdehyde levels, restored antioxidant levels and reduced proinflammatory cytokines as well as the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Histopathological analysis demonstrated marked neuroprotection in TN-treated groups. In conclusion, the present study reveals that TN extract attenuates Scop-induced memory impairments by diminishing amyloid beta aggregates, as well as its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-AChE activities.
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Marques MS, Marinho MAG, Vian CO, Horn AP. The action of curcumin against damage resulting from cerebral stroke: a systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106369. [PMID: 35914679 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Treatments for stroke are limited, and preventive treatments are scarce. Curcumin (CUR) has several biological effects, as described in the literature, which highlight its antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, this qualitative systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of CUR on damage caused by stroke in rodent models. A systematic search was performed on three databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. In addition, the risk-of-bias and quality of the studies were assessed using SYRCLE and Collaborative Approach for Meta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data from Experimental Studies, respectively. The selection, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were established by the authors. At the end of our systematic search of the three databases, we found a total of 728 articles. After excluding duplicates and triplicates and reading the abstracts, keywords, and full texts, 53 articles were finally included in this systematic review. CUR exerts several beneficial effects against the damage caused by both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, via different pathways. However, because of its low bioavailability, Free-form CUR only exerted significant effects when it was administered at high concentrations. In contrast, when CUR was administered using nanostructured systems, positive responses were observed even at low concentrations. The mechanisms of action of CUR, free or in nanostructure, are extremely important for the recovery of injured brain tissue after a stroke; CUR has neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Finally, we concluded that CUR presents an extremely important and significant response profile against the damage caused by stroke, making it a possible therapeutic candidate for individuals affected by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Marques
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil.
| | - M A G Marinho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - C O Vian
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
| | - A P Horn
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, FURG, Rio Grande, RS, 96210-900, Brazil
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Alpha-lipoic acid preconditioning plus ischemic postconditioning provides additional protection against myocardial reperfusion injury of diabetic rats: modulation of autophagy and mitochondrial function. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:1773-1782. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Akhiani O, Zangouie N, Laripour R, Rashidian A, Ebrahimi M, Hami Z, Chamanara M. Sub-Flap Use of Nano-Selenium Oxide Solution Enhances Skin Flap Viability in Rats: Study the Novel Role of mTOR and p-mTOR Expression. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:1452-1462. [PMID: 35048147 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nano-selenium oxide (NSeO) particles are highly noticeable due to their tissue-protective and antioxidant properties. For this purpose, the effect of NSeO was evaluated on skin flap survival and flap oxidative stress markers in rats. Also, another effect of NSeO was investigated on the expression of mTOR and p-mTOR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty rats were divided into five groups of ten. Skin flap size was 3×8 cm in all groups. Groups were: (1) Sham, (2) Flap Surgery group, (3) Flap Surgery + NSeO, (4) Flap Surgery + Rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor), (5) Flap Surgery + Rapamycin + NSeO. The flap necrosis rate was computed using the paper pattern method on day seven after surgery. After day seven, flap tissues were collected for histological evaluations. Then, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Furthermore, the expression levels of mTOR and p-mTOR were measured using the Western blot method. RESULTS Treatment with NSeO significantly reduced necrosis (P<0.05). It also resulted in a decrease in MDA level (P<0.05). Histologically, NSeO reduced inflammation and increased positive signs of tissue healing (epithelialization, neovascularization, fibroblast migration, and granulation tissue). NSeO increased SOD activity significantly (P<0.05), whereas, using rapamycin reversed these effects. Also, in all groups, mTOR changes were not significant. Additionally, p-mTOR expression was significantly reduced in groups that rapamycin was injected. CONCLUSION NSeO can reduce flap necrosis and enhance tissue healing in rats. So, it can potentially be used clinically to promote tissue repair significantly, and its effects are independent of the mTOR pathway. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Akhiani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Zangouie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Tehran Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Laripour
- Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Rashidian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ebrahimi
- Department of pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hami
- Toxicology Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, 1411718541, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Toxicology Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, 1411718541, Tehran, Iran.
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Huo H, Hu C, Lu Y, Zhou J, Mai Z. Silencing of circCDC14A prevents cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via miR-23a-3p/CXCL12 axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22982. [PMID: 34978116 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have received extensive attention in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Here, we evaluated the role of circCDC14A in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury in vivo and in vitro. The expression of circCDC14A was significantly upregulated in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-treated HT22 cells. Knockdown of circCDC14A suppressed the cell viability reduction caused by OGD/R, as well as cell damage and apoptosis. Mechanistically, circCDC14A acted as a sponge for miR-23a-3p and promoted the expression of chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 (CXCL12) by negatively regulating miR-23a-3p. Rescue experiments further confirmed that miR-23a-3p inhibitor or circCDC14A-overexpression vectors blocked the beneficial effects of circCDC14A knockdown in OGD/R-induced HT22 cells. Moreover, knockdown of circCDC14A suppressed MCAO-induced cerebral infarction and neurological damage, as well as the brain tissue damage and neuronal apoptosis in vivo. Consistently, miR-23a-3p antagomir treatment abolished the cerebral protective effects of circCDC14A knockdown on MCAO mice. In conclusion, circCDC14A promoted CI/R injury by regulating the miR-23a-3p/CXCL12 axis, which suggested that circCDC14A may become a potential therapeutic target for CI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyi Huo
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital Of Foshan (The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongxue Lu
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital Of Foshan (The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital Of Foshan (The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University), Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiguang Mai
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital Of Foshan (The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University), Foshan, Guangdong, China
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The Novel Role of Crocus sativus L. in Enhancing Skin Flap Survival by Affecting Apoptosis Independent of mTOR: A Data-Virtualized Study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:3047-3062. [PMID: 36044060 PMCID: PMC9430006 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-03048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the improvements to enhance skin flap viability, the effects of ischemia-reperfusion (IR), oxidative stress, necrosis, and apoptosis are still challenging. Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) is highly noticeable due to its tissue-protective and antioxidant properties. So, we aimed to investigate its effects on skin flap viability, oxidative stress, apoptosis markers, histopathological changes, and mTOR/p-mTOR expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 Sprauge-Dawley rats, weighting 200-240 g, were divided into four groups including: (1) Sham (8 × 3 cm skin cut, without elevation); (2) Flap Surgery (8 × 3 cm skin flap with elevation from its bed); (3) Saffron 40 mg/kg + Flap Surgery; and (4) Saffron 80 mg/kg + Flap Surgery. Saffron was administrated orally for 7 days. At day 7, flap necrosis percentage, histopathological changes, malondialdehyde level, Myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase activity, Bax, Bcl-2, mTOR, and p-mTOR expression were measured. Protein expressions were controlled by β-Actin. RESULTS Saffron administration decreased flap necrosis percentage (p < 0.01), which was not dose-dependent. Treatment groups showed significant histological healing signs (Neovascularization, Fibroblast migration, Epithelialization, and Epithelialization thickness), decreased MDA content (p < 0.01), increased SOD (p < 0.01) and decreased MPO activity (p < 0.01). Bax and Bcl-2 expression, decreased and increased respectively in treated groups (p < 0.0001). mTOR and p-mTOR expression were not changed significantly in Saffron treated groups. CONCLUSION Saffron could increase skin flap viability, alleviate necrosis, decrease oxidative stress and decrease apoptotic cell death, after skin flap surgery, but it acts independent of the mTOR pathway. So, Saffron could potentially be used clinically to enhance skin flap viability. NO LEVEL ASSIGNED This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. https://www.springer.com/00266.
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Amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells labeled by iron oxide nanoparticles exert cardioprotective effects against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial damage by targeting inflammatory MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 11:242-254. [PMID: 32441012 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00788-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the protective effects of human amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) labeled by superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in the presence and absence of a magnetic field. ISO was injected subcutaneously for 4 consecutive days to induce myocardial injury in male Wistar rats. The hAMSCs were incubated with 100 μg/ml SPIONs and injected to rats in magnet-dependent and magnet-independent groups via the tail vein. The size and shape of nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Prussian blue staining was used to determine cell uptake of nanoparticles. Myocardial fibrosis, heart function, characterization of hAMSCs, and histopathological changes were determined using Masson's trichrome, echocardiography, flow cytometry, and H&E staining, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to the expression pro-inflammatory cytokines. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to determine the expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). SPION-labeled MSCs in the presence of magnetic field significantly improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis and tissue damage by suppressing inflammation in a NF-κB/MAPK-dependent mechanism (p < 0. 05). Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SPION-labeled MSCs in the presence of magnetic field can be a good treatment option to reduce inflammation following myocardial injury. Graphical abstract.
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Kloska A, Malinowska M, Gabig-Cimińska M, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J. Lipids and Lipid Mediators Associated with the Risk and Pathology of Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103618. [PMID: 32443889 PMCID: PMC7279232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a severe neurological disorder in humans that results from an interruption of the blood supply to the brain. Worldwide, stoke affects over 100 million people each year and is the second largest contributor to disability. Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for stroke that is associated with an increased risk of the disease. Traditional and non-traditional lipid measures are proposed as biomarkers for the better detection of subclinical disease. In the central nervous system, lipids and lipid mediators are essential to sustain the normal brain tissue structure and function. Pathways leading to post-stroke brain deterioration include the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. A variety of lipid mediators are generated from fatty acids and these molecules may have either neuroprotective or neurodegenerative effects on the post-stroke brain tissue; therefore, they largely contribute to the outcome and recovery from stroke. In this review, we provide an overview of serum lipids associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. We also discuss the role of lipid mediators, with particular emphasis on eicosanoids, in the pathology of ischemic stroke. Finally, we summarize the latest research on potential targets in lipid metabolic pathways for ischemic stroke treatment and on the development of new stroke risk biomarkers for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kloska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcelina Malinowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.G.-C.); (J.J.-B.); Tel.: +48-585-236-046 (M.G.-C.); +48-585-236-043 (J.J.-B.)
| | - Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.-C.); (J.J.-B.); Tel.: +48-585-236-046 (M.G.-C.); +48-585-236-043 (J.J.-B.)
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Peng Z, Zhang C, Yan L, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Wang J, Song C. EPA is More Effective than DHA to Improve Depression-Like Behavior, Glia Cell Dysfunction and Hippcampal Apoptosis Signaling in a Chronic Stress-Induced Rat Model of Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051769. [PMID: 32150824 PMCID: PMC7084382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical evidence indicated that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was more effective than docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in depression treatment. However, possible mechanisms remain unclear. Here, a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced model of depression was used to compare EPA and DHA anti-depressant effects. After EPA or DHA feeding, depression-like behavior, brain n-3/n-6 PUFAs profile, serum corticosterone and cholesterol concentration, hippocampal neurotransmitters, microglial and astrocyte related function, as well as neuronal apoptosis and survival signaling pathways were studied. EPA was more effective than DHA to ameliorate CUMS-induced body weight loss, and depression-like behaviors, such as increasing sucrose preference, shortening immobility time and increasing locomotor activity. CUMS-induced corticosterone elevation was reversed by bother fatty acids, while increased cholesterol was only reduced by EPA supplement. Lower hippocampal noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine concentrations in CUMS rats were also reversed by both EPA and DHA supplement. However, even though CUMS-induced microglial activation and associated increased IL-1β were inhibited by both EPA and DHA supplement, increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels were only reduced by EPA. Compared to DHA, EPA could improve CUMS-induced suppressive astrocyte biomarkers and associated BDNF-TrkB signaling. Moreover, EPA was more effective than DHA to attenuate CUMS-induced higher hippocampal NGF, GDNF, NF-κB, p38, p75, and bax expressions, but reversed bcl-2 reduction. This study for the first time revealed the mechanisms by which EPA was more powerful than DHA in anti-inflammation, normalizing astrocyte and neurotrophin function and regulating NF-κB, p38 and apoptosis signaling. These findings reveal the different mechanisms of EPA and DHA in clinical depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilan Peng
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ling Yan
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China (C.Z.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Y.)
- Shenzhen Institutes of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
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Hosseini M, Sarveazad A, Babahajian A, Baikpour M, Vaccaro AR, Chapman JR, Yousefifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V. Effect of vitamins C and E on recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury: systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies. Nutr Rev 2019; 78:465-473. [DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Many animal studies have evaluated the role of vitamins in the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury, but their results have been contradictory and no consensus has been reached.
Objective
This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury in animal models.
Data Sources
Two authors independently collected the records of relevant articles published in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science through November 2018.
Study Selection
All studies conducted in animal models to evaluate the therapeutic effects of vitamin C or vitamin E or both on recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury were included. Studies that lacked a control group or a standard treatment, lacked an assessment of motor function, included genetically modified/engineered animals, included animals pretreated with vitamin C or vitamin E, or combined vitamin treatment with other methods, such as cell therapies, were excluded.
Data Extraction
Data from 10 articles met the inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.
Results
Daily supplementation with vitamin C (P < 0.0001) and vitamin E (P < 0.0001) significantly improved the recovery of motor function in animals affected by spinal cord injury. Vitamin C supplementation is effective only when administered intraperitoneally (P < 0.0001). Concurrent supplementation with both vitamins does not show better efficacy than treatment with either one alone.
Conclusion
Administration of vitamin C and vitamin E in animal models of spinal cord injury significantly improves the recovery of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Sarveazad
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asrin Babahajian
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Masoud Baikpour
- Department of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexander R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jens R Chapman
- Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mahmoud Yousefifard
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
- Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and with the Brain and Spinal Injuries Research Center (BASIR), Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nazarinia D, Aboutaleb N, Gholamzadeh R, Nasseri Maleki S, Mokhtari B, Nikougoftar M. Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by targeting mTOR pathway. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 102:101707. [PMID: 31672459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Conditioned medium obtained from human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC-CM) was recently shown to have many antioxidant, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic growth factors. The present study was performed to investigate whether protective effects of hAMSC-CM against focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was created and the animals were divided into three groups including sham, MCAO and MCAO + hAMSC-CM. Drug was administrated immediately after cerebral reperfusion (i.v). The expressions of mTOR, p-mTOR and LC3 were measured using Western blotting and real time-PCR, respectively. Apoptosis and neuronal loss were determined using TUNEL and Nissl staining, respectively. Infarct volume and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage were evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Evans Blue (EB) uptake, respectively. Compared with sham, significant infarct volume, apoptotic cell death, and neuronal loss were found in MCAO rats that reversed by hAMSC-CM (P < 0.05). Likewise, MCAO rats exhibited increased mRNA level of light-chain 3 (LC3) and the LC3II/LC3I ratio as well as decreased expression level of p-mTOR that reversed by hAMSC-CM (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the expression of total mTOR among the experimental groups. In summary, our results demonstrate that hAMSC-CM gives rise to neuroprotection following ischemic stroke by restoring mTOR activity and inhibiting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Nazarinia
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Raheleh Gholamzadeh
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nasseri Maleki
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Mokhtari
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin Nikougoftar
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Amani H, Mostafavi E, Alebouyeh MR, Arzaghi H, Akbarzadeh A, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Webster TJ. Would Colloidal Gold Nanocarriers Present An Effective Diagnosis Or Treatment For Ischemic Stroke? Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8013-8031. [PMID: 31632015 PMCID: PMC6789974 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s210035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to evaluate OX26-PEG-coated gold nanoparticles (GNPs) (OX26@GNPs) as a novel targeted nanoparticulate system on cell survival after ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta sizer, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to characterize the OX26@GNPs. The effect of OX26@GNPs on infarct volume, neuronal loss, and necroptosis was evaluated 24 h after reperfusion using 2, 3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Nissl staining and Western blot assay, respectively. RESULTS Conjugation of OX26-PEG to the surface of the 25 nm colloidal gold particles increased their size to 32±2 nm, while a zeta potential change of -40.4 to 3.40 mV remarkably increased the stability of the nanoparticles. Most importantly, OX26@GNPs significantly increased the infarcted brain tissue, while bare GNPs and PEGylated GNPs had no effect on the infarct volume. However, our results indicated an extension of necroptotic cell death, followed by cell membrane damage. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results showed that the presently formulated OX26@GNPs are not suitable nanocarriers nor contrast agents under oxidative stress for the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke. Moreover, our findings suggest that the cytotoxicity of GNPs in the brain is significantly associated with their surface charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahmoud Reza Alebouyeh
- Anesthesia Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Arzaghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Javdan N, Ayatollahi SA, Choudhary MI, Al-Hasani S, Kobarfard F, Mokhtarian K, Khoshmirsafa M, Ata A. Tsc1/Tsc2 complex: A molecular target of capsaicin for protection against testicular torsion induced injury in rats. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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17
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Farrokhi M, Gashti MZ, Hoormand M, Bakhtiarian A, Habibi R. Combination therapy profoundly improved skin flap survival by modulating KATP channels and nitric oxide. Adv Med Sci 2019; 64:117-123. [PMID: 30640077 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A potential therapeutic approach on skin flap necrosis is to target parallel pathways involved in necrosis. Azelaic Acid, Minoxidil and Caffeine combination was tried on skin flap survival by their possible interaction with ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels and nitric oxide pathway. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sprauge-Dawley rats were divided into 8 groups for skin flap surgery. Azelaic acid, minoxidil, caffeine, or their combination were applied topically in different groups. Two additional groups were treated with L-NAME or glibenclamide in addition to the combination therapy. Percentage of flap necrosis was calculated and flap samples were removed to measure tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. RESULTS Combination therapy profoundly decreased skin flap necrosis, tissue MDA contents, and expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax (p < 0.05 vs. single treatments). These effects were reversed by L-NAME and glibenclamide pre-treatments. Further evaluations showed combination therapy increases flap tissue NO content and iNOS expression (p < 0.05 vs. single treatments). CONCLUSION Beneficial effect of the combination therapy with azelaic acid, minoxidil and caffeine therapy on rescuing the flap from necrosis by targeting parallel signaling pathways suggested potential applications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Farrokhi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmood Hoormand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Bakhtiarian
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohalah Habibi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Xu L, Ding L, Su Y, Shao R, Liu J, Huang Y. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin against rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1879-1887. [PMID: 30816425 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ding
- Pharmacy Department, The Central Hospital of Jiangjin, Chongqing 402260, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Su
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Ruyue Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Pharmacy Department, The Central Hospital of Jiangjin, Chongqing 402260, P.R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- Scientific Research and Teaching Department, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
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Arabian M, Aboutaleb N, Soleimani M, Ajami M, Habibey R, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Activation of mitochondrial KATP channels mediates neuroprotection induced by chronic morphine preconditioning in hippocampal CA-1 neurons following cerebral ischemia. Adv Med Sci 2018; 63:213-219. [PMID: 29223124 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pharmacologic preconditioning, through activating several mechanisms and mediators, can increase the tolerance of different tissues against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Recent studies have shown that morphine preconditioning has protective effects in different organs, especially in the heart. Nevertheless, its mechanisms are not well elucidated in the brain. The present study aimed to clarify whether the activation of mitochondrial KATP (mKATP) channels in chronic morphine (CM) preconditioning could decrease hippocampus damage following I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS CM preconditioning was performed by the administration of additive doses of morphine for 5days before I/R injury induction. I/R injury was induced by the occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries. The possible role of mKATP channels was evaluated by the injection of 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) before I/R injury. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) was performed to detect apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. The expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) enzymes were assessed. RESULTS CM attenuated apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 neurons (P<0.001 vs I/R), and mKATP channel blocking with 5-HD significantly increased apoptosis (P<0.001 vs CM+I/R). CM increased CAT activity (P<0.05 vs I/R) and Bcl-2 protein expression (P<0.01 vs I/R), while it decreased MDA level (P<0.05 vs I/R) and BAX protein expression (P<0.05 vs I/R). Pretreatment with 5-HD abolished all the above-mentioned effects of CM. CONCLUSIONS These findings describe novel evidence whereby CM preconditioning in hippocampal CA1 neurons can improve oxidative stress and apoptosis through the activation of mKATP channels and eventually protect the hippocampal tissue against I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Arabian
- Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rouhollah Habibey
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies-Istituto Italiano di Technologia, Via Morego, 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Clinical Outcomes and Electrolyte Balance Factors in Complex Cardiac Operations in Adults; Del Nido® Versus Custodiol® Cardioplegia Solutions: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.64648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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21
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Yang CY, Liu SY, Wang HY, Li YL, Guo D, Wang XY, Hua W, Wang GL. Neuroprotection by Propofol Post-Conditioning: Focus on PKMζ/KCC2 Pathway Activity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 38:691-701. [PMID: 28779332 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Critical and major operations are often accompanied by brain ischemic complications. Previous studies found that propofol post-conditioning provided neuroprotective functions through upregulating the expression of potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneurons. Membrane expression and phosphorylation represents KCC2 activity, which were modulated by a protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent mechanism. However, the role of propofol in increasing KCC2 phosphorylation and the involvement of protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ), a major subtype of PKC, in the KCC2 pathway remained unclear. In this study, we established middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats to evaluate the long-term recovery of brain functions using behavioral experiments. KCC2 and PKMζ were assessed via western blot. We used the selective inhibitor, zeta inhibitory peptide (ZIP), to investigate the relationship between KCC2 and PKMζ. Intracellular chloride concentration in the hippocampal CA1 area was measured to determine KCC2 activity. We found that propofol, infused at a speed of 20 mg kg-1 h-1 for 2 h at the onset of reperfusion, improved neurological deficits and cognitive dysfunction following ischemia/reperfusion injury. PKMζ expression was significantly upregulated, which improved KCC2 membrane expression and phosphorylation in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 area, and these effects could last up to 28 days. But ZIP inhibited this process. Ultimately, we showed that propofol increased KCC2 phosphorylation and PKMζ was the upstream of KCC2. Propofol led to long-term recovery of brain functions by upregulating the activity of the PKMζ/KCC2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Shu-Ying Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Hai-Yun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China.
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Yan-Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Di Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Xin-Yue Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Third Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Research Centre of the Ministry of Health, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Guo-Lin Wang
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Javdan N, Ayatollahi SA, Choudhary MI, Al-Hasani S, Kobarfard F, Athar A, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Capsaicin protects against testicular torsion injury through mTOR-dependent mechanism. Theriogenology 2018; 113:247-252. [PMID: 29573663 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Testicular torsion and subsequent release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause infertility in adults. Oxidative stress following testicular torsion plays an important role in the ýonset and development of apoptotic cell death through dysregulation of the cellular signaling pathways. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of capsaicin, a bioactive composition present in red peppers, has already been exploited for treatment of the cancer and pain relief. In present work, we evaluated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in antioxidant effect of capsaicin against reperfusion injury following testicular torsion. METHODS Male Wistar rats weighing 200-220 g were randomly assigned into four major groups: (i) a sham operated group, (ii) a testicular torsion (TT) group, (iii) three groups treated with different doses of capsaicin (TT + 100, 500 and 1000 μg/ml Cap), and (iv) three groups of healthy rats treated with different doses of capsaicin (100, 500 and 1000 μg/ml). Western blotting assay was used to examine the anti-apoptotic effects of capsaicin in testicular cells following torsion. H&E and TUNEL methods were used to evaluate testicular morphology and apoptosis activity. RESULTS Compared to control group, phosphorylation of mTOR was significantly increased in the TT groups. Capsaicin administration remarkably decreased the phosphorylation of mTOR at the highest dose (P < 0.05). Capsaicin decreased apoptosis and preserved tubular morphology in testes. CONCLUSION Our results showed that antioxidant properties of capsaicin minimizes cell death and reperfusion injury following testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Javdan
- ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Phytochemistry Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Phytochemistry Research Center, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, 599 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2G3, Canada; School of Pharmacy, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Safaa Al-Hasani
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shaheed Beheshti School of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ata Athar
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, 599 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2G3, Canada
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Javdan N, Ayatollahi SA, Iqbal Choudhary M, Al-Hasani S, Pazoki-Toroudi H. FOXO1 targeting by capsaicin reduces tissue damage after testicular torsion. Andrologia 2018; 50:e12987. [PMID: 29411905 DOI: 10.1111/and.12987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion-related oxidative stress causes a sequential chain of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and cell death that leads to the derangement in the sperm functions and infertility. Capsaicin that has been applied for pain relief and cancer prevention possesses antioxidant properties which can be exploited to confer cell survival under ischaemic testis damage. Wistar male rats weighing 150-200 g were randomly divided into four groups: (i) sham group (all procedures except torsion of testis), (ii) ischaemia group (TT group), (iii) three TT groups treated with different dose of capsaicin (TT + different doses of Cap) and (iv) three control groups treated with different doses of capsaicin (100, 500 and 1000 ug/ml). Capsaicin administration significantly decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic factors and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic factors. Likewise, the expression of FOXO1 is significantly increased by higher doses of the capsaicin. Histological assessment by H&E and TUNEL method also exhibited an improved testicular morphology and decreased apoptosis in testes. These results suggested clinical potential for capsaicin in treatment of testicular torsion by targeting FOXO1 and apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Javdan
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S A Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Al-Hasani
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - H Pazoki-Toroudi
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sadeghi A, Kalantar M, Molavinia S, Houshmand G, Bahadoram M, Esmaeilizadeh M, Goudarzi M. Ameliorative effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Lavandula officinalis L. on cyclophosphamide-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. J Nephropathol 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2017.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Perez SD, Du K, Rendeiro C, Wang L, Wu Q, Rubakhin SS, Vazhappilly R, Baxter JH, Sweedler JV, Rhodes JS. A unique combination of micronutrients rejuvenates cognitive performance in aged mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 320:97-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Neuroprotective diets for stroke. Neurochem Int 2017; 107:4-10. [PMID: 28161467 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability in the elderly. In the last few years, there has been increasing evidence that suggests the influence of the diet on the decrease of stroke risk. Probably, because of the presence of bioactive components with beneficial effects such as antioxidant or anti-inflammatory properties. This article reviews several dietary bioactive compounds from studies in models of cerebral ischemia that have obtained promising results decreasing cerebral damage. We propose that many of these compounds present in diet could be good candidates to test new neuroprotection approaches focused on reducing the damage and protecting the brain before stroke occurs.
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Ghadernezhad N, Khalaj L, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Mirmasoumi M, Ashabi G. Metformin pretreatment enhanced learning and memory in cerebral forebrain ischaemia: the role of the AMPK/BDNF/P70SK signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2211-2219. [PMID: 26960058 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1150306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context Metformin induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and protected neurons in cerebral ischaemia. Objective This study examined pretreatment with metformin and activation of AMPK in molecular and behavioral levels associated with memory. Materials and methods Rats were pretreated with metformin (200 mg/kg) for 2 weeks and 4-vessels occlusion global cerebral ischaemia was induced. Three days after ischaemia, memory improvement was done by passive avoidance task and neurological scores were evaluated. The amount of Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) and phosphorylated and total P70S6 kinase (P70S6K) were measured. Results Pretreatment with metformin (met) in the met + ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) group reduced latency time for enter to dark chamber compared with the sham group (p < 0.001) and increased latency time compared with the I/R group (p < 0.001). Injection of Compound C (CC) (as an AMPK inhibitor) concomitant with metformin reduced latency time in I/R rats compared with the I/R + met group (p < 0.05). Neurological scores were reduced in met treated rats compared with the sham group. Pretreatment with metformin in I/R animals reduced levels of pro-BDNF compared with the I/R group (p < 0.001) but increased that compared with the sham group (p < 0.001). The level of pro-BDNF decreased in the met + CC + I/R group compared with the met + I/R group (p < 0.01). Pretreatment with metformin in I/R animals significantly increased P70S6K compared with the I/R group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Short-term memory in ischaemic rats treated with metformin increased step-through latency; sensory-motor evaluation was applied and a group of ischaemia rats that were pretreated with metformin showed high levels of BDNF, P70S6K that seemed to be due to increasing AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ghadernezhad
- a Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Leila Khalaj
- b Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Alborz , Iran
| | - Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
- c Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Masoumeh Mirmasoumi
- d Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- e Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
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Afshordel S, Hagl S, Werner D, Röhner N, Kögel D, Bazan NG, Eckert GP. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve mitochondrial dysfunction in brain aging--impact of Bcl-2 and NPD-1 like metabolites. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 92:23-31. [PMID: 24972878 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of orally administered long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on mitochondrial function and processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in brains of young (3 months old) and aged (24 months old) NMRI-mice. Neuroprotective properties of fish oil (FO) (1.6 ml/kg p.o.) were assessed ex vivo after 21 days in dissociated brain cells (DBC) and isolated mitochondria. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels were significantly lower in blood and brains of aged mice which were compensated by FO administration. Isolated DBC and mitochondria from aged mice showed significantly lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and reduced activity of complexes I+II and IV of the mitochondrial respiration system, respectively. FO restored the age-related decrease in respiration and improved ATP production. Moreover, FO increased the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. Cell membrane fractions isolated from the brain of aged mice exhibited lower membrane fluidity, which was partially improved under FO treatment. In comparison to young animals, levels of neuroprotective sAPPα were significantly lower in the brain of aged mice. However, levels of sAPPα, Aβ and C-terminal APP fragments (CTF) were largely unchanged after FO treatment in aged mice. Neuroprotectin D-1 (NPD-1) represents a neuroprotective compound that is derived from unesterified DHA. Levels of NPD1-like metabolites (NPD1-like) and of unesterified DHA were significantly increased in brains of aged mice. FO treatment further strongly increased NPD1-like levels indicating an accelerated conversion rate of free DHA to NPD1-like. Our findings provide new mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective actions of omega-3 PUFA and identified FO as a promising nutraceutical to delay age-related mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Afshordel
- Department of Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stephanie Hagl
- Department of Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Deborah Werner
- Department of Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nelli Röhner
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Neuroscience Center, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Center for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Goethe-University Hospital, Neuroscience Center, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- LSU Neuroscience Center And Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Gunter P Eckert
- Department of Pharmacology, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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New expression of 5-HT1A receptor in astrocytes in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region following transient global cerebral ischemia. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:383-9. [PMID: 25253632 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1958-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) plays protective or detrimental roles in the development of ischemic damage. In the present study, we investigated the time-course changes in 5-HT1A receptor protein expression in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region after transient global cerebral ischemia. 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity in the stratum pyramidale (SP) of the CA1 region was decreased from 6 h and hardly observed 1 and 2 days after ischemic insult. Five and 10 days after ischemia/reperfusion, 5-HT1A receptor immunoreactivity was increased and detected in astrocyte of the ischemic CA1 region. Furthermore, the pattern of changes in 5-HT1A receptor protein levels in the CA1 region after ischemia-reperfusion was similar to that observed in the immunohistochemical data. These results indicate that 5-HT1A receptor protein expressions may be related with the ischemia-induced neuronal death and the function of astrocytes in the ischemic hippocampal CA1 region.
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Suda S, Katsumata T, Okubo S, Kanamaru T, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Katsura KI, Katayama Y. Low serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio predicts neurological deterioration in Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 36:388-93. [PMID: 24248098 DOI: 10.1159/000355683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological and clinical trials have shown that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease or stroke. However, the association between PUFAs and acute-phase stroke has not yet been thoroughly studied. We investigated the impact of serum PUFAs on early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS In this retrospective study, we enrolled 281 Japanese patients (mean age: 75 ± 13 years; 165 males) with acute ischemic stroke diagnosed within 24 h of onset. General blood examinations, including PUFAs (n-3 PUFAs: eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA, and n-6 PUFAs: arachidonic acid, AA), were performed on admission. Other risk factors and comorbidities were also examined. END was defined as a ≥2-point increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score within a 72-hour period. Statistical significance between the END and non-END group was assessed using Wilcoxon rank sum tests or Student's t tests for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of END. RESULTS END was observed in 75 patients (26.7%). Diabetes mellitus (p = 0.003), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level (p < 0.001), prior stroke (p = 0.035), ischemic heart disease (p = 0.029), EPA/AA ratio (p = 0.003), DHA/AA ratio (p = 0.002), EPA+DHA/AA ratio (p = 0.002), diagnosis of small vessel disease (p = 0.004) and admission NIHSS score (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with END. We used separate multiple logistic regression analyses for the EPA/AA, DHA/AA and EPA+DHA/AA ratios, because EPA and DHA are considered covariant factors (r = 0.544; p < 0.0001). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that END was positively associated with diabetes mellitus, hs-CRP level and NIHSS score on admission, and negatively associated with the EPA/AA ratio (odds ratio, OR: 0.18; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.05-0.58; p = 0.003), DHA/AA ratio (OR: 0.045; 95% CI: 0.006-0.30; p = 0.001), EPA+DHA/AA ratio (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.26-0.74; p = 0.002) and diagnosis of small vessel disease. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a low serum n-3 PUFA/n-6 PUFA ratio on admission may predict neurological deterioration in Japanese patients with acute ischemic stroke. Large-scale prospective studies are further required to clarify the role of PUFAs in the acute phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Suda
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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Yuan Y, Peng C, Li K, Hussain M, Sikharam C, Guthikonda M, Ding Y. Ethanol reduces expression of apoptotic proteins after hypoxia/reoxygenation in a brain slice model. Neurol Res 2013; 34:373-8. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132812y.0000000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Changya Peng
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Li
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Mohammed Hussain
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chaitanya Sikharam
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Murali Guthikonda
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurological SurgeryWayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Ueda M, Inaba T, Nito C, Kamiya N, Katayama Y. Therapeutic impact of eicosapentaenoic acid on ischemic brain damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res 2013; 1519:95-104. [PMID: 23643859 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have been shown to reduce ischemic neuronal injury. We investigated the effects of ethyl-EPA (EPA-E) on ischemic brain damage using a rat transient focal cerebral ischemia model. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=105) were subjected to 90 min of focal cerebral ischemia. EPA-E (100mg/kg/day) or vehicle was administered once a day for 3, 5 or 7 days prior to ischemia. Different withdrawal intervals of 3, 5, and 7 days prior to ischemia following 7-day pretreatment with EPA-E or vehicle were also examined. In addition, post-ischemic administration of EPA-E was investigated. Pretreatment with EPA-E for 7 and 5 days, but not 3 days, showed significant infarct volume reduction and neurological improvements when compared with vehicle pretreatment. In addition, withdrawal of EPA-E administration for 3 days, but not 5 and 7 days, also demonstrated significant infarct volume reduction and neurological improvements when compared with vehicle treatment. Post-ischemic treatment of EPA-E did not show any neuroprotection. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 7-day pretreatment with EPA-E significantly reduced cortical expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (maker for oxidative DNA damage), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (maker for lipid peroxidation), phosphorylated adducin (marker for Rho-kinase activation) and von Willebrand factor (endothelial marker) when compared with vehicle pretreatment. In addition, phosphorylated adducin expression co-localized with von Willebrand factor immunoreactivity. The present study established the neuroprotective effect of EPA-E on ischemic brain damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats, which may be involved in the suppression of oxidative stress and endothelial Rho-kinase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
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Farahini H, Habibey R, Ajami M, Davoodi SH, Azad N, Soleimani M, Tavakkoli-Hosseini M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Late anti-apoptotic effect of KATPchannel opening in skeletal muscle. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 39:909-16. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rouhollah Habibey
- Physiology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran; Iran
| | | | | | - Nahid Azad
- Nano Vichar Pharmaceutical Ltd; Tehran; Iran
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Ajami M, Davoodi SH, Habibey R, Namazi N, Soleimani M, Pazoki-Toroudi H. Effect of DHA+EPA on oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rat kidneys. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2012; 27:593-602. [PMID: 22943605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2012.01066.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis, as well as necrosis, has an important role in post-ischemic renal pathology. The effect of pretreatment with Docosahexaenoic acid+Eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA+EPA) on renal injury and apoptotic protein expression was evaluated. Right nephrectomy was completed on male Wistar rats (255-300 g). The rats received DHA+EPA (200 mg/kg/day) of distilled water orally for 14 days before ischemia reperfusion (IR) or sham operation. A total of 81 rats were divided into three main groups with 6, 24 and 48 h of post-operation or reperfusion period. Serum creatinine (SCr), BUN, creatinine clearance (CCr) and fractional excretion of sodium (FEN a ) were measured. Tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expressions and renal histological injury were determined. SCr, BUN and FEN a increased 6-48 h of reperfusion (P < 0.01). Tissue MDA content and Bax expression increased (P < 0.01) and CAT and SOD activities decreased (P < 0.05) in the IR group. DHA+EPA decreased SCr and BUN, FEN a , tissue MDA levels (P < 0.05 vs. IR) and increased CAT and SOD activities and Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05 vs. IR) for 6-48 h after ischemia. IR induced mild (6 h, P < 0.05) and severe (24-48 h, P < 0.01) tissue damage. Mild-to-moderate tissue damage was observed in DHA+EPA groups from 6 to 48 h of reperfusion period (P < 0.05 vs. IR, 24-48 h). In conclusion, the results suggest that pre-ischemic exposure to DHA+EPA could improve the outcome of early graft function by inhibition of IR-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Ajami
- Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran
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