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Gharbi A, Nasri A, Sghaier I, Kacem I, Mrabet S, Souissi A, Ben Djebara M, Gargouri A, Gouider R. Subtypes of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: Clinical Features, Survival, and Apolipoprotein E Effect. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:1277-1288. [PMID: 38143772 PMCID: PMC10741894 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with various clinical symptoms. Limited data have described the clinical subtypes of DLB. Objective We aimed to compare clinical subtypes of DLB according to initial symptoms and to study the effect of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene in DLB. Methods We included DLB patients classified into three groups based on initial symptoms: non-motor onset (cognitive and/or psychiatric) (NMO-DLB), motor onset (parkinsonism and/or gait disorders) (MO-DLB), and mixed onset (non-motor and motor symptoms) (MXO-DLB). Clinical and APOE genotype associations and survival were analyzed. Results A total of 268 patients were included (NMO-DLB = 75%, MXO-DLB = 15.3%, MO-DLB = 9.7%). Visual hallucinations were more frequent (p = 0.025), and attention was less commonly impaired in MXO-DLB (p = 0.047). When adjusting with APOE ɛ4 status (APOE genotype performed in 155 patients), earlier falls and frontal lobe syndrome were more common in MXO-DLB (p = 0.044 and p = 0.023, respectively). The median MMSE decline was 2.1 points/year and the median FAB decline was 1.9 points/year, with no effect of clinical subtypes. Median survival was 6 years. It was similar in DLB subtypes (p = 0.62), but shorter for patients with memory symptoms at onset (p = 0.04) and for males (p = 0.0058). Conclusions Our study revealed a few differences between DLB clinical subtypes. APOE ɛ4 appears to be associated with earlier falls and a higher prevalence of frontal syndrome in MXO-DLB. However, DLB clinical subtypes did not impact on survival. Nevertheless, survival analysis identified other poor prognosis factors, notably inaugural memory impairment and male gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alya Gharbi
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amina Nasri
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ikram Sghaier
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Kacem
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Mrabet
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amira Souissi
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Ben Djebara
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amina Gargouri
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Gouider
- Neurology Department, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) “Neurosciences and Mental Health”, Razi University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
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Fray S, Achouri-Rassas A, Belal S, Messaoud T. Missing apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele associated with nonamnestic Alzheimer’s disease in a Tunisian population. J Genet 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-022-01384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fray S, Achouri-Rassas AA, Hadj Fredj S, Messaoud T, Belal S. Association between H2 haplotype of microtubule associated protein tau gene (deletion / insertion) with Alzheimer Disease in Tunisian patients. Neurol Res 2022; 44:814-818. [PMID: 35348036 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2056338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It is widely recognized that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is typically characterized by the extraneuronal plaque made up essentially of the amyloid β peptide and intraneuronal tangles of hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated Tau protein. This study investigates the possible interaction between AD and the deletion/insertion polymorphism in intron 9 of the Tau gene haplotype and APOE state in a Tunisian AD cases population (n = 85) and control (n = 91). The H2/H2 genotype was higher in the AD group as compared to the controls (22.4% vs. 7.8%). The frequency of H2 allele is higher in the patients group, and the difference of allele frequency is statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 = 12.220, p < 0.05). H2 allele is correlated with the female gender within the patient group (χ2 = 7.649, p = 0.006) Tau H2 haplotype can be identified as a risk factor of AD in the studied Tunisian population and was associated to female gender. There is no significant correlation between the frequency of Tau gene ins/del polymorphism and cognitive profile distribution in the patient group (p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Fray
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Neurology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Children Hospital, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Afef Achouri Achouri-Rassas
- Department of Neurology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia.,Neurosciences Project, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Hadj Fredj
- Children Hospital, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Taieb Messaoud
- Children Hospital, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Belal
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Neurology, National Institute Mongi Ben Hmida of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia.,Molecular Neurobiology and Neuropathology Research laboratory, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
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Al-Thani HF, Ahmad MN, Younes S, Zayed H. Genetic Variants Associated With Alzheimer Disease in the 22 Arab Countries: A Systematic Review. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2021; 35:178-186. [PMID: 33769987 DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive and complex neurodegenerative disease. Approximately 70% of AD risk is attributed to genetic risk factors, including variants in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) genes. Several studies have revealed a considerable number of candidate loci and genes for AD among different ethnic populations. However, the outcomes of these studies have been inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spectrum of variants that are associated with the onset and development of AD among 22 Arab countries. METHODOLOGY We systematically searched 4 literature databases (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) from the date of inception until July 2020 using various search terms to obtain all the reported genetic data on Arab AD cases. RESULTS In total, 18 studies were included, comprising a total of 2173 individuals, of whom 888 were clinically diagnosed AD patients and were genetically tested for genes and variants associated with AD. A total of 27 variants in 8 genes were found to be associated with AD. Of these variants, 17 were unique to the Arab population and 10 were shared with other ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS There is a dearth of studies on the genetics of AD in the Arab world. There seems to be distinctive genetic and clinical susceptibility profiles for Arab patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hissa F Al-Thani
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Choi KY, Lee JJ, Gunasekaran TI, Kang S, Lee W, Jeong J, Lim HJ, Zhang X, Zhu C, Won SY, Choi YY, Seo EH, Lee SC, Gim J, Chung JY, Chong A, Byun MS, Seo S, Ko PW, Han JW, McLean C, Farrell J, Lunetta KL, Miyashita A, Hara N, Won S, Choi SM, Ha JM, Jeong JH, Kuwano R, Song MK, An SSA, Lee YM, Park KW, Lee HW, Choi SH, Rhee S, Song WK, Lee JS, Mayeux R, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Choo ILH, Nho K, Kim KW, Lee DY, Kim S, Kim BC, Kim H, Jun GR, Schellenberg GD, Ikeuchi T, Farrer LA, Lee KH, Neuroimaging Initative AD. APOE Promoter Polymorphism-219T/G is an Effect Modifier of the Influence of APOE ε4 on Alzheimer's Disease Risk in a Multiracial Sample. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081236. [PMID: 31426376 PMCID: PMC6723529 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in the APOE gene region may explain ethnic differences in the association of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with ε4. Ethnic differences in allele frequencies for three APOE region SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) were identified and tested for association in 19,398 East Asians (EastA), including Koreans and Japanese, 15,836 European ancestry (EuroA) individuals, and 4985 African Americans, and with brain imaging measures of cortical atrophy in sub-samples of Koreans and EuroAs. Among ε4/ε4 individuals, AD risk increased substantially in a dose-dependent manner with the number of APOE promoter SNP rs405509 T alleles in EastAs (TT: OR (odds ratio) = 27.02, p = 8.80 × 10−94; GT: OR = 15.87, p = 2.62 × 10−9) and EuroAs (TT: OR = 18.13, p = 2.69 × 10−108; GT: OR = 12.63, p = 3.44 × 10−64), and rs405509-T homozygotes had a younger onset and more severe cortical atrophy than those with G-allele. Functional experiments using APOE promoter fragments demonstrated that TT lowered APOE expression in human brain and serum. The modifying effect of rs405509 genotype explained much of the ethnic variability in the AD/ε4 association, and increasing APOE expression might lower AD risk among ε4 homozygotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yeong Choi
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jang Jae Lee
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Tamil Iniyan Gunasekaran
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Sarang Kang
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Wooje Lee
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jangho Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lim
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - So-Yoon Won
- Department of Biochemistry and Signaling Disorder Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yu Yong Choi
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Eun Hyun Seo
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Premedical Science, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Seok Cheol Lee
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jungsoo Gim
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Chung
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Ari Chong
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sujin Seo
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Pan-Woo Ko
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Han
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea
| | - Catriona McLean
- Department of Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - John Farrell
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Akinori Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Norikazu Hara
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seong-Min Choi
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jung-Min Ha
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul 07985, Korea
| | - Ryozo Kuwano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Min Kyung Song
- Chonnam national university Gwangju 2nd geriatric hospital, Gwangju 61748, Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Korea
| | - Young Min Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 50612, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Donga University College of Medicine, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Ho-Won Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Bio Imaging and Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jung Sup Lee
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Department of Neurology and Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - I L Han Choo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Chosun University School of Medicine and Hospital, Gwangju 61453, Korea
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Center for Neuroimaging, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ki-Woong Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Korea
| | - Byeong C Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Hoowon Kim
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Gyungah R Jun
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4238, USA
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- National Research Center for Dementia, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea.
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Korea.
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Çilingir O, Özbabalık Adapınar BD, Durak Aras B, Erzurumluoğlu Gökalp E, Özkan S, Arslan S, Hazıyeva K, Kocagil S, Bilgin M, Artan S. Türk Popülasyonunda APOE Polimorfizmleri ve Alzheimer Hastalığı Arasındaki İlişki. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.20515/otd.553900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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El Shamieh S, Costanian C, Kassir R, Visvkis-Siest S, Bissar-Tadmouri N. APOE genotypes in Lebanon: distribution and association with hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's disease. Per Med 2018; 16:15-23. [PMID: 30457419 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM We first investigated the distribution of APOE genotypes in Lebanese general population and Alzheimer's disease study (ADS) groups, and compared it with 1000 genomes populations. Then, we assessed eventual association between APOE genotypes, hypercholesterolemia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). MATERIALS & METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 591 individuals. Clinical and biological data were collected, DNA was extracted and genotyped using Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP™) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphis (PCR-RFLP). Results: Prevalence of APOE genotypes in Lebanon was similar to that seen in Asian populations. APOE genotypes were not associated with hypercholesterolemia. A significant difference between APOE genotypes in AD cases versus controls and versus Lebanese general population was seen. Moreover, E4 allele was approximately threefold higher in Alzheimer's disease study patients when compared with the remaining individuals. CONCLUSION We established the distribution of APOE genotypes in the Lebanon and showed that in contrast to lipid profile, E4 correlates with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christy Costanian
- School of Kinesiology & Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada
| | - Rayan Kassir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sophie Visvkis-Siest
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IGE-PCV, F-54000 Nancy, France.,Department of Internal Medicine & Geriatrics, CHU Technopôle Nancy-Brabois, Rue du Morvan, 54511, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nisrine Bissar-Tadmouri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
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APOE and Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence Mounts that Targeting APOE4 may Combat Alzheimer's Pathogenesis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:2450-2465. [PMID: 30032423 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an immutable neurodegenerative disease featured by the two hallmark brain pathologies that are the extracellular amyloid ß (Aß) and intraneuronal tau protein. People carrying the APOE4 allele are at high risk of AD concerning the ones carrying the ε3 allele, while the ε2 allele abates risk. ApoE isoforms exert a central role in controlling the transport of brain lipid, neuronal signaling, mitochondrial function, glucose metabolism, and neuroinflammation. Regardless of widespread indispensable studies, the appropriate function of APOE in AD etiology stays ambiguous. Existing proof recommends that the disparate outcomes of ApoE isoforms on Aβ accretion and clearance have a distinct function in AD pathogenesis. ApoE-lipoproteins combine diverse cell-surface receptors to transport lipids and moreover to lipophilic Aβ peptide, that is believed to begin deadly events that generate neurodegeneration in the AD. ApoE has great influence in tau pathogenesis, tau-mediated neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation, as well as α-synucleinopathy, lipid metabolism, and synaptic plasticity despite the presence of Aβ pathology. ApoE4 shows the deleterious effect for AD while the lack of ApoE4 is defensive. Therapeutic strategies primarily depend on APOE suggest to lessen the noxious effects of ApoE4 and reestablish the protective aptitudes of ApoE. This appraisal represents the critical interactions of APOE and AD pathology, existing facts on ApoE levels in the central nervous system (CNS), and the credible active stratagems for AD therapy by aiming ApoE. This review also highlighted utmost ApoE targeting therapeutic tactics that are crucial for controlling Alzheimer's pathogenesis.
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Quansah E, McGregor NW. Towards diversity in genomics: The emergence of neurogenomics in Africa? Genomics 2018; 110:1-9. [PMID: 28774809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a high burden of mental and neurological disorders in Africa. Nevertheless, there appears to be an under-representation of African ancestry populations in large-scale genomic studies. Here, we evaluated the extent of under-representation of Africans in neurogenomic studies in the GWAS Catalog. We found 569 neurogenomic studies, of which 88.9% were exclusively focused on people with European ancestry and the remaining 11.1% having African ancestry cases included. In terms of population, only 1.2% of the total populations involved in these 569 GWAS studies were of African descent. Further, most of the individuals in the African ancestry category were identified to be African-Americans/Afro-Caribbeans, highlighting the huge under-representation of homogenous African populations in large-scale neurogenomic studies. Efforts geared at establishing strong collaborative ties with European/American researchers, maintaining freely accessible biobanks and establishing comprehensive African genome data repositories to track African genome variations are critical for propelling neurogenomics/precision medicine in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Quansah
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
| | - Nathaniel W McGregor
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Medical Campus, Tygerberg, South Africa.
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Haithem H, Ons A, Salma N, Jihène R, Mariam A, Mariem M, Mariem N, Nabila BR, Asma O, Sana BA, Sofien B, Ali B. Association between dementia and vascular disease-associated polymorphisms in a Tunisian population. Int J Neurosci 2017; 128:32-41. [PMID: 28657841 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1348353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dementia is a multifactorial idiopathic pathology caused by clinical, eDementia is a multifactorial idiopathic pathology caused by clinical, environmental and genetic factors. Hence, its etiology is still unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between five genetic risk factors for vascular diseases and dementia individually and when gathered in haplotypes. MATERIALS AND METHOD We enrolled 200 dementia patients and 300 controls. All subjects were genotyped for vascular diseaseassociated polymorphisms in the genes coding for Apolipoprotein-E (ApoE), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and Paraoxonase-1 (PON1). RESULTS The association between dementia risk and all the studied polymorphisms except of PON1-Q192R was found to be significant. Carrying the ApoE e4 allele seems to increase dementia risk by 4.32 fold (p = 0.001). The risk associated with ACE I and PON1-L55M T alleles were lower (2.58 and 2.11 fold, p < 0.001 and p = 0.015, respectively). When combined in haplotypes, these polymorphisms showed a cumulative and synergetic effect. GTICC haplotype appears to be associated with 9-fold dementia risk (p < 0.001), whereas AADTT seems to reduce dementia risk by 80% (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that, ApoE ε4, ACE I and PON1-L55M T alleles are associated with dementia risk whether these polymorphisms were studied separately or gathered in haplotypes. Still, the contribution of each gene to the pathophysiological development of dementia must be more investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdouni Haithem
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Achour Ons
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Naija Salma
- b Neurology Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Rejeb Jihène
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Aounallah Mariam
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Mhiri Mariem
- b Neurology Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Noureddine Mariem
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Ben Rejeb Nabila
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,c Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Omezzine Asma
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,c Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
| | - Ben Amor Sana
- b Neurology Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Benammou Sofien
- b Neurology Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia
| | - Bouslama Ali
- a Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,c Biochemistry Department , Sahloul University Hospital , Sousse , Tunisia.,d Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Monastir , Monastir , Tunisia
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11
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Yamazaki Y, Painter MM, Bu G, Kanekiyo T. Apolipoprotein E as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Basic Research and Clinical Evidence. CNS Drugs 2016; 30:773-89. [PMID: 27328687 PMCID: PMC5526196 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-016-0361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that causes progressive cognitive decline. The majority of AD cases are sporadic and late-onset (>65 years old) making it the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. While both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of late-onset AD (LOAD), APOE polymorphism is a major genetic risk determinant for LOAD. In humans, the APOE gene has three major allelic variants: ε2, ε3, and ε4, of which APOE ε4 is the strongest genetic risk factor for LOAD, whereas APOE ε2 is protective. Mounting evidence suggests that APOE ε4 contributes to AD pathogenesis through multiple pathways including facilitated amyloid-β deposition, increased tangle formation, synaptic dysfunction, exacerbated neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular defects. Since APOE modulates multiple biological processes through its corresponding protein apolipoprotein E (apoE), APOE gene and apoE properties have been a promising target for therapy and drug development against AD. In this review, we summarize the current evidence regarding how the APOE ε4 allele contributes to the pathogenesis of AD and how relevant therapeutic approaches can be developed to target apoE-mediated pathways in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yamazaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Meghan M Painter
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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12
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Akinyemi RO, Owolabi MO, Oyeniyi T, Ovbiagele B, Arnett DK, Tiwari HK, Walker R, Ogunniyi A, Kalaria RN. Neurogenomics in Africa: Perspectives, progress, possibilities and priorities. J Neurol Sci 2016; 366:213-223. [PMID: 27288810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the genetic basis of neurological disorders has grown rapidly in the last two decades. Despite the genomic heterogeneity within African populations, large-scale candidate gene or linkage and exome studies are lacking. However, current knowledge on neurogenetics in African populations is limited and geographically very uneven. Isolated reports indicate the existence of autosomal dominant or recessive conditions incorporating cerebrovascular, movement, neuromuscular, seizure and motor neuron disorders in Africans. In addition, few African families with neurodegenerative disorders associated with dementia have been characterized in North, West and South Africa. The current insurgency in genomic research triggered by among others the Human Health and Heredity (H3) Africa Initiative indicates that there are unique opportunities to advance our knowledge and understanding of the influence of genomic variation on the pattern, presentations and prognosis of neurological disorders in Africa. These have enormous potential to unmask novel genes and molecular pathways germane to the neurobiology of brain disorders. It would facilitate the development of novel diagnostics, preventative and targeted treatments in the new paradigm of precision medicine. Nevertheless, it is crucial to strike a balance between effective traditional public health strategies and personalized genome based care. The translational barriers can be overcome through robust stakeholder engagement and sustainable multilevel, multigenerational and multidisciplinary capacity building and infrastructural development for genomic medicine in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufus O Akinyemi
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK.
| | - Mayowa O Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Bruce Ovbiagele
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| | - Richard Walker
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Adesola Ogunniyi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK.
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13
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Achouri-Rassas A, Ben Ali N, Fray S, Kechaou M, Oudiaa Zakraoui N, Hadj-Fredj S, Cherif A, Anane N, Echebi S, Messaoud T, Belal S. Association study of apolipoprotein E promoter polymorphism (−427 T/C) and Alzheimer's disease in a Tunisian population. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2016; 172:127-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Achouri-Rassas A, Ali NB, Cherif A, Fray S, Siala H, Zakraoui NO, Hadj-Fredj S, Kechaou M, Anane N, Echebi S, Messaoud T, Belal S. Association between ACE polymorphism, cognitive phenotype and APOE E4 allele in a Tunisian population with Alzheimer disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2015; 123:317-21. [PMID: 26456241 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-015-1468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has shown altered activity in patients with neurological diseases. An insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene encoding angiotensin-converting enzyme has been reported to be associated with the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is generally considered to be a disorder primarily affecting memory. We conducted a case-control study in a sample composed of 85 sporadic AD patients and 90 age- and sex-matched controls to investigate the possible effect of the polymorphism and cognitive profile. Our data revealed an association between the ACE polymorphism and AD risk. There was a significant difference in the ACE allele or genotype frequencies between cases and controls. The D/D genotype showed an increased risk for AD and in the amnestic group and the effect was independent on ApoE genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Achouri-Rassas
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia. .,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Bab Saadoun 1029, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Nadia Ben Ali
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aroua Cherif
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Fray
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Siala
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Bab Saadoun 1029, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nouria Oudiaa Zakraoui
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sondes Hadj-Fredj
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Bab Saadoun 1029, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Kechaou
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Anane
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slim Echebi
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Taieb Messaoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Bab Saadoun 1029, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Belal
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia
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15
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Novel presenilin 1 mutation (p.I83T) in Tunisian family with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:2904.e9-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Lin Q, Cao Y, Gao J. Decreased expression of the APOA1-APOC3-APOA4 gene cluster is associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:5421-31. [PMID: 26491253 PMCID: PMC4598222 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s89279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Apolipoprotein is genetically associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 genes are closely linked and located on human chromosome 11. Therefore, this gene cluster may be related to the risk of AD. Patients and methods A total of 147 AD patients and 160 healthy controls were randomly recruited from June 2013 to August 2014. APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 levels were measured using real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results APOA1, APOC3 and APOA4 levels were significantly lower in AD patients than controls (P<0.01). APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 levels were negatively related with the severities of AD determined by Clinical Dementia Rating scores (P<0.01). APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 levels showed a negative relation with Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale scores and a positive relation with RAND 36-item health-survey scores (P<0.01). There was a decreased trend for levels of APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 in AD patients. Conclusion Low levels of APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 are associated with risk of AD. APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4 should be developed as combined drugs for the therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- Neural Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Anatomy, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Lin Q, Cao Y, Gao J. Serum calreticulin is a negative biomarker in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21740-53. [PMID: 25429433 PMCID: PMC4284675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151221740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin is down-regulated in the cortical neurons of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of AD. A total of 128 AD patients were randomly recruited from May 2012 to July 2013. The mRNA levels of calreticulin were measured from the serum of tested subjects using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (real-time qRT-PCR). Serum levels of calreticulin were determined by ELISA and Western Blot. Serum levels of calreticulin in AD patients were significantly lower than those from a healthy group (p < 0.01). The baseline characters indicated that sample size, gender, mean age, diabetes and BMI (body mass index) were not major sources of heterogeneity. The serum levels of mRNA and protein of calreticulin were lower in AD patients than those from a healthy group, and negatively associated with the progression of AD according to CDR scores (p < 0.01). Thus, there is a trend toward decreased serum levels of calreticulin in the patients with progression of AD. Serum levels of calreticulin can be a negative biomarker for the diagnosis of AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, China.
| | - Yunpeng Cao
- Neural Department of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Anatomy, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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18
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Raichlen DA, Alexander GE. Exercise, APOE genotype, and the evolution of the human lifespan. Trends Neurosci 2014; 37:247-55. [PMID: 24690272 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Humans have exceptionally long lifespans compared with other mammals. However, our longevity evolved when our ancestors had two copies of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 allele, a genotype that leads to a high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), cardiovascular disease, and increased mortality. How did human aging evolve within this genetic constraint? Drawing from neuroscience, anthropology, and brain-imaging research, we propose the hypothesis that the evolution of increased physical activity approximately 2 million years ago served to reduce the amyloid plaque and vascular burden of APOE ɛ4, relaxing genetic constraints on aging. This multidisciplinary approach links human evolution with health and provides a complementary perspective on aging and neurodegenerative disease that may help identify key mechanisms and targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Raichlen
- School of Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Gene E Alexander
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA; Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA; Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix AZ 85006, USA; Neuroscience and Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Programs, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721, USA
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Achouri-Rassas A, Hadj Fredj S, Mrabet Khiari H, Bibi A, Siala H, Mrabet A, Messaoud T. Association between Alzheimer disease and the -491T allele of regulatory region polymorphism of Apolipoprotein E in a Tunisian population. Neurochem Res 2013; 39:244-7. [PMID: 24326531 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a well-established risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies have attempted to confirm the association between the polymorphism located at position -491 in the transcriptional regulatory region of the APOE gene and AD. We examined in 85 AD patients and 90 control subjects of a Tunisian population the potential involvement of this polymorphism as a risk factor for AD, either through an independent effect or through interaction with the existing APOE ε4 allele risk. The T allele frequency was significantly higher in the AD patients group (45.3 %) than in the controls group (32.78 %) and may possibly constitute a significant risk factor for AD. The APOE ε4 allele did not influence the distribution of the -491 polymorphism after stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Achouri-Rassas
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia,
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Fekih-Mrissa N, Klai S, Mrad M, Mansour M, Zaouali J, Gritli N, Mrissa R. Apolipoprotein E genotypes associated with Alzheimer disease and concomitant stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 23:681-5. [PMID: 23871727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is a well-characterized genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). The association between stroke and a higher risk for AD has also been reported. Our study sought to determine the relationship between the APOE gene and AD and the comorbid risk of stroke. METHODS The subjects of this study consisted of 48 patients with AD and 48 members of a control group. All subjects were genotyped for APOE. RESULTS The results clearly show a significant increased risk of AD in carriers of the APOE ε3/ε4 genotype (P = .003, odds ratio [OR] = 4.1) or ε4 allele (P = .001, OR = 4.2). The risk for stroke in AD patients was also increased for carriers of the APOE ε3/ε4 genotype (P = .02, OR = 9.0) and for carriers of the APOE ε4 allele (P = .004, OR = 5.5). CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to establish a relationship between APOE ε4 and concomitant AD and stroke in the Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najiba Fekih-Mrissa
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Académie Militaire Fondouk Jédid, Nabeul, Tunisie.
| | - Sarra Klai
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunisie
| | - Meriem Mrad
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar, Tunisie
| | - Malek Mansour
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jamel Zaouali
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Nasreddine Gritli
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisie
| | - Ridha Mrissa
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Militaire Principal d'Instruction de Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisie; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie
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21
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Rassas AA, Fredj SH, Khiari HM, Sahnoun S, Bibi A, Siala H, Mrabet A, Messaoud T. No association between an intronic polymorphism in the presenilin-1 gene and Alzheimer disease in a Tunisian population. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2013; 120:1355-8. [PMID: 23371443 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-0985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We examined the potential involvement of the polymorphism in intron 8 of the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) gene as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD), both through independent effect and interaction with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele risk, in 85 patients and 90 controls. We found no significant differences in the distribution of PSEN1 genotype and allele frequency between both groups; and post stratification distribution with APOE ε4 allele. Age of onset suggests that this polymorphism influences AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afef Achouri Rassas
- Neurological Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9 Avril, 1006, Tunis, Tunisia.
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PIN1-842G/C and -667T/C polymorphisms are not associated with the susceptibility of Alzheimer's disease: Pooled analysis of epidemiologic studies. Neurosci Lett 2013; 535:100-3. [PMID: 23274710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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de-Almada B, de-Almeida L, Camporez D, de-Moraes M, Morelato R, Perrone A, Belcavello L, Louro I, de-Paula F. Protective effect of the APOE-e3 allele in Alzheimer's disease. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:8-12. [PMID: 22068907 PMCID: PMC3854133 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several alleles of susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been studied in the last decades, few polymorphisms have been considered as risk factors for the disease. Among them, the APOE-e4 allele appears to be the major genetic risk factor for the onset of the disease. However, it is important to confirm the potential susceptibility of these genetic variants in different populations in order to establish a genetic profile for the disease in specific communities. This study analyzed the APOE polymorphisms regarding susceptibility to AD in a sample of 264 individuals (primarily Caucasians; 82 cases and 182 controls) in the population from Vitória, ES, Brazil, by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. The patients were selected according to clinical criteria for probable AD. Whereas the e4 allele showed statistically significant positive association with susceptibility to AD (OR = 3.01, 95%CI = 1.96-4.61; P < 0.0001), the e2 allele did not. The results of the e4 allele confirm the role of this polymorphism as a risk factor for AD in the sample studied as observed in other populations. Although the e3 allele has been considered neutral in several studies, our results suggest that it acts as a protective factor against AD in the population studied (OR = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.30-0.67; P < 0.0001). This study may provide a new insight into the role of the APOE-e3 allele in the etiology of AD and might help to establish a profile of risk for AD in the population from Vitória, ES.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.V.P. de-Almada
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - L.D. de-Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - D. Camporez
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - M.V.D. de-Moraes
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - R.L. Morelato
- Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória,Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - A.M.S. Perrone
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - L. Belcavello
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - I.D. Louro
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
| | - F. de-Paula
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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