Scafa AK, Jiang T, Pescatori L, Corsini M, Piccirilli M. Association between spontaneous intracranial epidural hematoma and craniofacial infections: A systematic literature review.
Surg Neurol Int 2023;
14:57. [PMID:
36895255 PMCID:
PMC9990787 DOI:
10.25259/sni_1068_2022]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Spontaneous and nontraumatic epidural hematoma (SEDH) is a rare entity. Etiology is various, including vascular malformations of the dura mater, hemorrhagic tumors, and coagulation defects. The association between SEDH and craniofacial infections is rather unusual.
Methods
We performed a systematic review of the available literature using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus research databases. Literature research was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We exclusively included studies reporting demographic and clinical data, published until October 31, 2022. We also report one case from our experience.
Results
A total of 18 scientific publications, corresponding to 19 patients, met the inclusion criteria for the qualitative and quantitative analysis. Patients were mostly adolescents, with a clear male predominance. SEDHs frequently occurred in the frontal area, usually near the site of the infection. Surgical evacuation was the treatment of choice with good postoperative outcomes. Endoscopy of the involved paranasal sinus should be achieved as soon as possible to remove the cause of the SEDH.
Conclusion
SEDH may occur as a rare and life-threatening complication of craniofacial infections; therefore, prompt recognition and treatment are mandatory.
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