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Schieferdecker S, Caspers J, Daniel W, Cornelius JF, Muhammad S. Surgical and endovascular cerebral revascularization for cerebral vasculitis with inflammatory vessel stenosis: a case series. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:103. [PMID: 38396307 PMCID: PMC10891259 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06007-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune vasculitides affect the cerebral vasculature significantly in a considerable number of cases. When immunosuppressive treatments fail to prevent stenosis in cerebral vessels, treatment options for affected patients become limited. In this case series, we present four cases of pharmacoresistant vasculitis with recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke successfully treated with either extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery or endovascular stenting. Both rescue treatments were effective and safe in the selected cases. Our experience suggests that cases of pharmacoresistant cerebral vasculitis with recurrent stroke may benefit from rescue revascularization in combination with maximum medical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schieferdecker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Julian Caspers
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Weiss Daniel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Frederick Cornelius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sajjad Muhammad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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2
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Bonnan M, Debeugny S. Giant-cell arteritis related strokes: scoping review of mechanisms and rethinking treatment strategy? Front Neurol 2023; 14:1305093. [PMID: 38130834 PMCID: PMC10733536 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1305093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a rare and severe complication of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Although early diagnosis and treatment initiation are essential, the mechanism of stroke is often related to vasculitis complicated by arterial stenosis and occlusion. Its recurrence is often attributed to early steroid resistance or late GCA relapse, so immunosuppressive treatment is often reinforced. However, many questions concerning the mechanisms of stroke remain elusive, and no review to date has examined the whole data set concerning GCA-related stroke. We therefore undertook this scoping review. GCA-related stroke does not necessarily display general signs and inflammatory parameters are sometimes normal, so clinicians should observe caution. Ischemic lesions often show patterns predating watershed areas and are associated with stenosis or thrombosis of the respective arteries, which are often bilateral. Lesions predominate in the siphon in the internal carotid arteries, whereas all the vertebral arteries may be involved with a predominance in the V3-V4 segments. Ultrasonography of the cervical arteries may reveal edema of the intima (halo sign), which is highly sensitive and specific of GCA, and precedes stenosis. The brain arteries are spared although very proximal arteritis may rarely occur, if the patient has microstructural anatomical variants. Temporal artery biopsy reveals the combination of mechanisms leading to slit-like stenosis, which involves granulomatous inflammation and intimal hyperplasia. The lumen is sometimes occluded by thrombi (<15%), suggesting that embolic lesions may also occur, although imaging studies have not provided strong evidence for this. Moreover, persistence of intimal hyperplasia might explain persisting arterial stenosis, which may account for delayed stroke occurring in watershed areas. Other possible mechanisms of stroke are also discussed. Overall, GCA-related stroke mainly involves hemodynamic mechanisms. Besides early diagnosis and treatment initiation, future studies could seek to establish specific preventive or curative treatments using angioplasty or targeting intimal proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Bonnan
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Delafontaine, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Stephane Debeugny
- Département d'Information Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Pau, Pau, France
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3
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Takatsuki K, Kojima Y, Ikeuchi Y, Kitayama J, Tanaka A, Inoue Y. Intracranial vascular stenosis in giant cell arteritis successfully treated by two balloon angioplasty procedures. Mod Rheumatol Case Rep 2023; 7:166-171. [PMID: 36250714 DOI: 10.1093/mrcr/rxac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial vascular stenosis is rarely associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA), and the prognosis for stroke caused by GCA is poor. Despite its unfavourable outcome, the strategy to manage this involvement and the indication of endovascular treatment are not well defined in the latest guidelines or recommendations. Here, we present a case in a 68-year-old woman, which was refractory to medical therapy, but successfully treated by two balloon angioplasty procedures. She was admitted to our department with lower extremity stiffness and left visual disturbance. GCA was clinically diagnosed by the wall thickening of the temporal artery and the aorta. Hemiparesis and motor aphasia developed shortly after intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed acute cerebral infarction with severe stenosis at the end of the left internal carotid artery. Balloon angioplasty was tried initially with improvement in her symptoms and additionally performed to treat restenosis without any significant adverse events. Her symptoms markedly improved with no recurrence until 8 months after discharge. We also review 10 similar cases reported in the literature. Although further evidence is needed to confirm the usefulness and safety of balloon angioplasty for intracranial GCA, this case report provides valuable information about the endovascular therapy for GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensaku Takatsuki
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Kojima
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Ikeuchi
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitayama
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Inoue
- Department of Rheumatology, Fukuoka Red Cross Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Vandelli G, Giacobazzi L, Ciolli L, Dell’Acqua ML, Vandelli L, Picchetto L, Rosafio F, Borzì GM, Ricceri R, Meletti S, Vallone S, Salvarani C, Sebastiani M, Sacchetti F, Verganti L, Merolla S, Zelent G, Bigliardi G. Intracranial Stenosis Treated with Stenting in Patients with Suspected Cerebral Vasculitis: Two Case Reports. Case Rep Neurol 2023; 15:100-107. [PMID: 37476369 PMCID: PMC10355127 DOI: 10.1159/000529942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system vasculitis (CNSV) is an uncommon and poorly understood form of vasculitis. Early recognition is important because medical treatment might improve the outcome. However, randomized clinical trials on CNSV treatment do not exist. Endovascular treatment has been reported in few cases, but no data exist for intracranial stenting. We report 2 cases of patients with suspected CNSV and recurrent clinical episodes, treated with intracranial stenting. A 48-year-old man had relapsing episodes of right hemiparesis. Neuroradiological exams showed severe left carotid terminus stenosis. Despite immunosuppressive therapy, neuroradiological follow-up exams showed a worsening of the aforementioned stenosis with many transient episodes of weakness in the right limbs and aphasia. A 64-year-old woman had a sudden onset of dysarthria and transient aphasia. Neuroradiological exams showed a severe arterial stenosis involving the origin of left anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery (MCA). Despite dual antiplatelet therapy, she presented an acute onset of severe aphasia, due to an occlusion of the left carotid terminus and proximal MCA. In both cases, endovascular procedure and intracranial stenting was performed, with marked improvement of cerebral blood flow. No more clinical episodes were reported. Intracranial stenting may be a valid therapeutic option in selected patients with CNSV and involvement of medium or large size vessels with clinical worsening despite best medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Vandelli
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Giacobazzi
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ludovico Ciolli
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Dell’Acqua
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Vandelli
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Picchetto
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Rosafio
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Borzì
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ricceri
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Meletti
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Vallone
- Neuroradiology, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Carlo Salvarani
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
- Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Sebastiani
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Sacchetti
- Neuroradiology, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Verganti
- Neuroradiology, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Merolla
- Neuroradiology, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Zelent
- Neuroradiology, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Guido Bigliardi
- Neurology Clinic, Stroke Unit, Ospedale Civile di Baggiovara, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Caton MT, Mark IT, Narsinh KH, Baker A, Cooke DL, Hetts SW, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Ko NU, Chung SA, Amans MR. Endovascular Therapy for Intracranial Giant Cell Arteritis : Systematic Review, Technical Considerations and the Effect of Intra-arterial Calcium Channel Blockers. Clin Neuroradiol 2022; 32:1045-1056. [PMID: 35503467 PMCID: PMC9744710 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-022-01171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a systemic vasculitis that may cause ischemic stroke. Rarely, GCA can present with aggressive intracranial stenoses, which are refractory to medical therapy. Endovascular treatment (EVT) is a possible rescue strategy to prevent ischemic complications in intracranial GCA but the safety and efficacy of EVT in this setting are not well-described. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed to identify case reports and series with individual patient-level data describing EVT for intracranial GCA. The clinical course, therapeutic considerations, and technique of seven endovascular treatments in a single patient from the authors' experience are presented. RESULTS The literature review identified 9 reports of 19 treatments, including percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with or without stenting, in 14 patients (mean age 69.6 ± 6.3 years). Out of 12 patients 8 (66.7%) with sufficient data had > 1 pre-existing cardiovascular risk factor. All patients had infarction on MRI while on glucocorticoids and 7/14 (50%) progressed despite adjuvant immunosuppressive agents. Treatment was PTA alone in 15/19 (78.9%) cases and PTA + stent in 4/19 (21.1%). Repeat treatments were performed in 4/14 (28.6%) of patients (PTA-only). Non-flow limiting dissection was reported in 2/19 (10.5%) of treatments. The indications, technical details, and results of PTA are discussed in a single illustrative case. We report the novel use of intra-arterial calcium channel blocker infusion (verapamil) as adjuvant to PTA and as monotherapy, resulting in immediate improvement in cerebral blood flow. CONCLUSION Endovascular treatment, including PTA with or without stenting or calcium channel blocker infusion, may be effective therapies in medically refractory GCA with intracranial stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Travis Caton
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Ian T. Mark
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Kazim H. Narsinh
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Amanda Baker
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Daniel L. Cooke
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Steven W. Hetts
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Christopher F. Dowd
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Van V. Halbach
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Randall T. Higashida
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Nerissa U. Ko
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Sharon A. Chung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Matthew R. Amans
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Interventional Neuroradiology Section, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, Room L349, 94143 San Francisco, CA USA
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Beuker C, Wankner MC, Thomas C, Strecker JK, Schmidt-Pogoda A, Schwindt W, Schulte-Mecklenbeck A, Gross C, Wiendl H, Barth PJ, Eckert B, Meinel TR, Arnold M, Schaumberg J, Krüger S, Deb-Chatterji M, Magnus T, Röther J, Minnerup J. Characterization of Extracranial Giant Cell Arteritis with Intracranial Involvement and its Rapidly Progressive Subtype. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:118-129. [PMID: 33993547 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize patients with extracranial giant cell arteritis with intracranial involvement. METHODS In a multicenter retrospective study, we included 31 patients with systemic giant cell arteritis (GCA) with intracranial involvement. Clinical characteristics, pattern of arterial involvement, and cytokine profiles were assessed. Patients with GCA without intracranial involvement (n = 17), and with intracranial atherosclerosis (n = 25) served as controls. RESULTS Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was elevated in 18 patients (69.2%) with and in 16 patients (100%) without intracranial involvement (p = 0.02). Headache was complained by 15 patients (50.0%) with and 13 patients (76.5%) without intracranial involvement (p = 0.03). Posterior circulation arteries were affected in 26 patients (83.9%), anterior circulation arteries in 17 patients (54.8%), and both territories in 12 patients (38.7%). Patients with GCA had vertebral artery stenosis proximal and, in contrast, patients with atherosclerosis distal to the origin of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). Among patients with GCA with intracranial involvement, 11 patients (37.9%) had a rapid progressive disease course characterized by short-term recurrent ischemic events. The median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at follow-up in these patients was 4 (interquartile range [IQR] = 2.0-6.0) and 4 patients (36.4%) died. Vessel wall expression of IL-6 and IL-17 was significantly increased in patients with rapid progressive course. INTERPRETATION Typical characteristics of GCA, headache, and an elevated ESR, are frequently absent in patients with intracranial involvement. However, differentiation of intracranial GCA from atherosclerosis can be facilitated by the typical pattern of vertebral artery stenosis. About one-third of patients with intracranial GCA had a rapid progressive course with poor outcome. IL-17 and IL-6 may represent potential future treatment targets. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:118-129.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Beuker
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jan-Kolja Strecker
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antje Schmidt-Pogoda
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Wolfram Schwindt
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Catharina Gross
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Peter J Barth
- Institute of Pathology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Bernd Eckert
- Department of Neuroradiology, Community Hospital Asklepios Klinik Hamburg Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Raphael Meinel
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens Schaumberg
- Department of Neurology, Community Hospital Helios Klinikum Uelzen, Uelzen, Germany
| | - Schulamith Krüger
- Department of Neurology, Community Hospital Helios Klinikum Uelzen, Uelzen, Germany
| | - Milani Deb-Chatterji
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Röther
- Department of Neurology, Community Hospital Asklepios Klinik Hamburg Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Minnerup
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Simon S, Ninan J, Hissaria P. Diagnosis and management of giant cell arteritis: Major review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 49:169-185. [PMID: 33426764 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis is a medical emergency because of the high risk of irreversible blindness and cerebrovascular accidents. While elevated inflammatory markers, temporal artery biopsy and modern imaging modalities are useful diagnostic aids, thorough history taking and clinical acumen still remain key elements in establishing a timely diagnosis. Glucocorticoids are the cornerstone of treatment but are associated with high relapse rates and side effects. Targeted biologic agents may open up new treatment approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumu Simon
- Department of Ophthalmology and South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jem Ninan
- Department of Rheumatology, Modbury Public Hospital, Modbury, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pravin Hissaria
- Department of Immunology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Dargazanli C, De la Cruz E, Gaillard N, Costalat V, Arquizan C. Bilateral intracranial stenting for refractory post-infectious cerebral vasculitis secondary to Pneumococcal Meningitis. J Neuroradiol 2020; 48:132-136. [PMID: 32560919 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Dargazanli
- Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France; Cerebrovascular Mechanisms of Brain Disorders, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), UMR 5203 CNRS - U 1191 INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), UMR 5203 CNRS-U 1191 Inserm-University Montpellier, 141, rue de la cardonille, 34094 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
| | - Elisa De la Cruz
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
| | - Nicolas Gaillard
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Cerebrovascular Mechanisms of Brain Disorders, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), UMR 5203 CNRS - U 1191 INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier Cedex 05, France; Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), UMR 5203 CNRS-U 1191 Inserm-University Montpellier, 141, rue de la cardonille, 34094 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
| | - Caroline Arquizan
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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Togo M, Kono T, Hoshi T, Imamura H, Todo K, Adachi H, Kawamoto M, Imai Y, Sakai N, Kohara N. Successful endovascular therapy for multiple intracranial arterial stenosis associated with medically intractable giant cell arteritis. J Neurol Sci 2018; 384:104-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Histologisch nachgewiesene Riesenzellarteriitis und Sehverlust. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-016-0304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Giant cell arteritis (GCA) remains a potentially blinding inflammatory vasculitis of the elderly. Because prolonged doses of corticosteroids remain the best established treatment, side-effects during treatment are common and potentially serious. This review addresses the challenges clinicians face in managing this disease. RECENT FINDINGS High-dose corticosteroids with slow tapering and close monitoring are the mainstay of treatment. Investigations into adjunctive treatment have yet to establish other agents as beneficial, but further research is ongoing with some promising results. SUMMARY GCA represents a challenging illness to clinicians because of its potential for causing blindness and the need for prolonged high doses of corticosteroids with their many complications.
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12
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Tao H, Wang Y, Zhou X, Zhong W, Zhou H, Li K, Zhao B. Angiographic correlation and synergistic effect of coronary artery stenosis and cerebral artery stenosis: a retrospective study. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:1902-7. [PMID: 25304901 PMCID: PMC4206482 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbidity of coronary artery stenosis (CoAS) and cerebral artery stenosis (CeAS) is relatively common, but little is known about their angiographic correlation and synergistic effect. Material/Methods A total of 66 patients with CoAS were divided into 2 groups: 30 patients with mild CoAS in group A and 36 patients with severe CoAS in group B. Patients were subdivided further into 4 groups: 20 patients with multiple CeAS in group B1, 16 patients with non-multiple CeAS in group B2, 22 patients with multiple CeAS in group A1, and 8 patients with non-multiple CeAS in group A2. Then, the morbidity rates for myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke before angiography were analyzed. Results Overall, the incidence and extent of CoAS were positively related to those of CeAS (p=0.004 and p=0.008, respectively). After stratification, the incidences of stenotic vessels in the intracranial arteries (EA) and carotid artery system (CAS) in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (p=0.011 and p=0.007, respectively). Additionally, the morbidity rates for ischemic stroke in groups B1 and A1 showed a weak trend toward a significant difference (p=0.060). Conclusions This study indicates, for the first time, that severe CoAS might be a predictive marker for stenotic vessels of the EA and CAS and for severe CeAS. Furthermore, this study is the first to report that the synergistic effect of CoAS and CeAS might increase the risk of ischemic stroke, which must be confirmed in a large-scale prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xu Zhou
- Clinical Research Center, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wangtao Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Keshen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiocerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China (mainland)
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