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Krieg S, Fernandes SI, Kolliopoulos C, Liu M, Fendt SM. Metabolic Signaling in Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:934-952. [PMID: 38592405 PMCID: PMC7616057 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Metastases, which are the leading cause of death in patients with cancer, have metabolic vulnerabilities. Alterations in metabolism fuel the energy and biosynthetic needs of metastases but are also needed to activate cell state switches in cells leading to invasion, migration, colonization, and outgrowth in distant organs. Specifically, metabolites can activate protein kinases as well as receptors and they are crucial substrates for posttranslational modifications on histone and nonhistone proteins. Moreover, metabolic enzymes can have moonlighting functions by acting catalytically, mainly as protein kinases, or noncatalytically through protein-protein interactions. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on metabolic signaling in cancer metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE Effective drugs for the prevention and treatment of metastases will have an immediate impact on patient survival. To overcome the current lack of such drugs, a better understanding of the molecular processes that are an Achilles heel in metastasizing cancer cells is needed. One emerging opportunity is the metabolic changes cancer cells need to undergo to successfully metastasize and grow in distant organs. Mechanistically, these metabolic changes not only fulfill energy and biomass demands, which are often in common between cancer and normal but fast proliferating cells, but also metabolic signaling which enables the cell state changes that are particularly important for the metastasizing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krieg
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Isabel Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Constantinos Kolliopoulos
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ming Liu
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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González-Cota AL, Martínez-Flores D, Rosendo-Pineda MJ, Vaca L. NMDA receptor-mediated Ca 2+ signaling: Impact on cell cycle regulation and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102856. [PMID: 38408411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
NMDA receptors are Ca2+-permeable ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast excitatory transmission in the central nervous system. NMDA receptors regulate the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells and also play critical roles in neural plasticity, memory, and learning. In addition to their physiological role, NMDA receptors are also involved in glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, which results from excessive glutamate stimulation, leading to Ca2+ overload, and ultimately to neuronal death. Thus, NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, dementia, and stroke. Interestingly, in addition to its effects on cell death, aberrant expression or activation of NMDA receptors is also involved in pathological cellular proliferation, and is implicated in the invasion and proliferation of various types of cancer. These disorders are thought to be related to the contribution of NMDA receptors to cell proliferation and cell death through cell cycle modulation. This review aims to discuss the evidence implicating NMDA receptor activity in cell cycle regulation and the link between aberrant NMDA receptor activity and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer due to cell cycle dysregulation. The information presented here will provide insights into the signaling pathways and the contribution of NMDA receptors to these diseases, and suggests that NMDA receptors are promising targets for the prevention and treatment of these diseases, which are leading causes of death and disability worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L González-Cota
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniel Martínez-Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Margarita Jacaranda Rosendo-Pineda
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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Büttner T, Maerevoet MKE, Giordano FA, Veldwijk MR, Herskind C, Ruder AM. Combining a noble gas with radiotherapy: glutamate receptor antagonist xenon may act as a radiosensitizer in glioblastoma. Radiat Oncol 2024; 19:16. [PMID: 38291439 PMCID: PMC10826195 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionotropic glutamate receptors α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) modulate proliferation, invasion and radioresistance in glioblastoma (GB). Pharmacological targeting is difficult as many in vitro-effective agents are not suitable for in patient applications. We aimed to develop a method to test the well tolerated AMPAR- and NMDAR-antagonist xenon gas as a radiosensitizer in GB. METHODS We designed a diffusion-based system to perform the colony formation assay (CFA), the radiobiological gold standard, under xenon exposure. Stable and reproducible gas atmosphere was validated with oxygen and carbon dioxide as tracer gases. After checking for AMPAR and NMDAR expression via immunofluorescence staining we performed the CFA with the glioblastoma cell lines U87 and U251 as well as the non-glioblastoma derived cell line HeLa. Xenon was applied after irradiation and additionally tested in combination with NMDAR antagonist memantine. RESULTS The gas exposure system proved compatible with the CFA and resulted in a stable atmosphere of 50% xenon. Indications for the presence of glutamate receptor subunits were present in glioblastoma-derived and HeLa cells. Significantly reduced clonogenic survival by xenon was shown in U87 and U251 at irradiation doses of 4-8 Gy and 2, 6 and 8 Gy, respectively (p < 0.05). Clonogenic survival was further reduced by the addition of memantine, showing a significant effect at 2-8 Gy for both glioblastoma cell lines (p < 0.05). Xenon did not significantly reduce the surviving fraction of HeLa cells until a radiation dose of 8 Gy. CONCLUSION The developed system allows for testing of gaseous agents with CFA. As a proof of concept, we have, for the first time, unveiled indications of radiosensitizing properties of xenon gas in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Büttner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
- Clinic for Urology and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Marielena K E Maerevoet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank A Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marlon R Veldwijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Herskind
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arne Mathias Ruder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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Joghataei MT, Bakhtiarzadeh F, Dehghan S, Ketabforoush AHME, Golab F, Zarbakhsh S, Ahmadirad N. The role of neurotransmitters in glioblastoma multiforme-associated seizures. Int J Dev Neurosci 2023; 83:677-690. [PMID: 37563091 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
GBM, or glioblastoma multiforme, is a brain tumor that poses a great threat to both children and adults, being the primary cause of death related to brain tumors. GBM is often associated with epilepsy, which can be debilitating. Seizures and the development of epilepsy are the primary symptoms that have a severe impact on the quality of life for GBM patients. It is increasingly apparent that the nervous system plays an essential role in the tumor microenvironment for all cancer types, including GBM. In recent years, there has been a growing understanding of how neurotransmitters control the progression of gliomas. Evidence suggests that neurotransmitters and neuromodulators found in the tumor microenvironment play crucial roles in the excitability, proliferation, quiescence, and differentiation of neurons, glial cells, and neural stem cells. The involvement of neurotransmitters appears to play a significant role in various stages of GBM. In this review, the focus is on presenting updated knowledge and emerging ideas regarding the interplay between neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, such as glutamate, GABA, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, adenosine, and their relationship with GBM and the seizures induced by this condition. The review aims to explore the current understanding and provide new insights into the complex interactions between these neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the context of GBM-related seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Bakhtiarzadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Eye Research Center, The Five Senses Institute, Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sam Zarbakhsh
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nooshin Ahmadirad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lia A, Di Spiezio A, Vitalini L, Tore M, Puja G, Losi G. Ion Channels and Ionotropic Receptors in Astrocytes: Physiological Functions and Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease and Glioblastoma. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2038. [PMID: 37895420 PMCID: PMC10608464 DOI: 10.3390/life13102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is composed of nearly one hundred billion neurons and an equal number of glial cells, including macroglia, i.e., astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. In the last few decades, compelling evidence has revealed that glial cells are far more active and complex than previously thought. In particular, astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell population, not only take part in brain development, metabolism, and defense against pathogens and insults, but they also affect sensory, motor, and cognitive functions by constantly modulating synaptic activity. Not surprisingly, astrocytes are actively involved in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and other neurological disorders like brain tumors, in which they rapidly become reactive and mediate neuroinflammation. Reactive astrocytes acquire or lose specific functions that differently modulate disease progression and symptoms, including cognitive impairments. Astrocytes express several types of ion channels, including K+, Na+, and Ca2+ channels, transient receptor potential channels (TRP), aquaporins, mechanoreceptors, and anion channels, whose properties and functions are only partially understood, particularly in small processes that contact synapses. In addition, astrocytes express ionotropic receptors for several neurotransmitters. Here, we provide an extensive and up-to-date review of the roles of ion channels and ionotropic receptors in astrocyte physiology and pathology. As examples of two different brain pathologies, we focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorders, and glioblastoma (GBM), the most common brain tumor. Understanding how ion channels and ionotropic receptors in astrocytes participate in NDs and tumors is necessary for developing new therapeutic tools for these increasingly common neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Lia
- Department Biomedical Science, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.L.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Alessandro Di Spiezio
- Department Biomedical Science, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.L.); (A.D.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute (CNR-IN), Padova Section, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vitalini
- Department Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Manuela Tore
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Modena Section, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department Biomedical Science, Metabolic and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Puja
- Department Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriele Losi
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Modena Section, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department Biomedical Science, Metabolic and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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NMDA Receptor and Its Emerging Role in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032540. [PMID: 36768862 PMCID: PMC9917092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is a key player in excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a glutamate-gated ion channel which presents several unique features and is involved in various physiological and pathological neuronal processes. Thanks to great efforts in neuroscience, its structure and the molecular mechanisms controlling its localization and functional regulation in neuronal cells are well known. The signaling mediated by NMDAR in neurons is very complex as it depends on its localization, composition, Ca2+ influx, and ion flow-independent conformational changes. Moreover, NMDA receptors are highly diffusive in the plasma membrane of neurons, where they form heterocomplexes with other membrane receptors and scaffold proteins which determine the receptor function and activation of downstream signaling. Interestingly, a recent paper demonstrates that NMDAR signaling is involved in epithelial cell competition, an evolutionary conserved cell fitness process influencing cancer initiation and progress. The idea that NMDAR signaling is limited to CNS has been challenged in the past two decades. A large body of evidence suggests that NMDAR is expressed in cancer cells outside the CNS and can respond to the autocrine/paracrine release of glutamate. In this review, we survey research on NMDAR signaling and regulation in neurons that can help illuminate its role in tumor biology. Finally, we will discuss existing data on the role of the glutamine/glutamate metabolism, the anticancer action of NMDAR antagonists in experimental models, NMDAR synaptic signaling in tumors, and clinical evidence in human cancer.
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The Role of Hyperexcitability in Gliomagenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010749. [PMID: 36614191 PMCID: PMC9820922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Recent studies have demonstrated that excitatory or activity-dependent signaling-both synaptic and non-synaptic-contribute to the progression of glioblastoma. Glutamatergic receptors may be stimulated via neuron-tumor synapses or release of glutamate by the tumor itself. Ion currents generated by these receptors directly alter the structure of membrane adhesion molecules and cytoskeletal proteins to promote migratory behavior. Additionally, the hyperexcitable milieu surrounding glioma increases the rate at which tumor cells proliferate and drive recurrent disease. Inhibition of excitatory signaling has shown to effectively reduce its pro-migratory and -proliferative effects.
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NMDA receptor signaling induces the chemoresistance of temozolomide via upregulation of MGMT expression in glioblastoma cells. J Neurooncol 2022; 160:375-388. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-04154-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Neurotransmitters: Potential Targets in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163970. [PMID: 36010960 PMCID: PMC9406056 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aiming to discover potential treatments for GBM, this review connects emerging research on the roles of neurotransmitters in the normal neural and the GBM microenvironments and sheds light on the prospects of their application in the neuropharmacology of GBM. Conventional therapy is blamed for its poor effect, especially in inhibiting tumor recurrence and invasion. Facing this dilemma, we focus on neurotransmitters that modulate GBM initiation, progression and invasion, hoping to provide novel therapy targeting GBM. By analyzing research concerning GBM therapy systematically and scientifically, we discover increasing insights into the regulatory effects of neurotransmitters, some of which have already shown great potential in research in vivo or in vitro. After that, we further summarize the potential drugs in correlation with previously published research. In summary, it is worth expecting that targeting neurotransmitters could be a promising novel pharmacological approach for GBM treatment. Abstract For decades, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a type of the most lethal brain tumor, has remained a formidable challenge in terms of its treatment. Recently, many novel discoveries have underlined the regulatory roles of neurotransmitters in the microenvironment both physiologically and pathologically. By targeting the receptors synaptically or non-synaptically, neurotransmitters activate multiple signaling pathways. Significantly, many ligands acting on neurotransmitter receptors have shown great potential for inhibiting GBM growth and development, requiring further research. Here, we provide an overview of the most novel advances concerning the role of neurotransmitters in the normal neural and the GBM microenvironments, and discuss potential targeted drugs used for GBM treatment.
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Memantine in the Prevention of Radiation-Induced Brain Damage: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112736. [PMID: 35681716 PMCID: PMC9179311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Decline in cognitive function is a major problem for patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Scientific interest has increased due to the high dropout rate of patients in the first months after WBRT and the early onset of cognitive decline. Therefore, the study of antiglutamatergic pharmacological prophylaxis and hippocampal-sparing WBRT techniques has been deepened based on the knowledge of the mechanisms of hyperglutamatergic neurotoxicity and the role of some hippocampal areas in cognitive decline. In order to provide a summary of the evidence in this field, and to foster future research in this setting, this literature review presents current evidence on the prevention of radiation-induced cognitive decline and particularly on the role of memantine. Abstract Preserving cognitive functions is a priority for most patients with brain metastases. Knowing the mechanisms of hyperglutamatergic neurotoxicity and the role of some hippocampal areas in cognitive decline (CD) led to testing both the antiglutamatergic pharmacological prophylaxis and hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) techniques. These studies showed a relative reduction in CD four to six months after WBRT. However, the failure to achieve statistical significance in one study that tested memantine alone (RTOG 0614) led to widespread skepticism about this drug in the WBRT setting. Moreover, interest grew in the reasons for the strong patient dropout rates in the first few months after WBRT and for early CD onset. In fact, the latter can only partially be explained by subclinical tumor progression. An emerging interpretation of the (not only) cognitive impairment during and immediately after WBRT is the dysfunction of the limbic and hypothalamic system with its immune and hormonal consequences. This new understanding of WBRT-induced toxicity may represent the basis for further innovative trials. These studies should aim to: (i) evaluate in greater detail the cognitive effects and, more generally, the quality of life impairment during and immediately after WBRT; (ii) study the mechanisms producing these early effects; (iii) test in clinical studies, the modern and advanced WBRT techniques based on both hippocampal-sparing and hypothalamic-pituitary-sparing, currently evaluated only in planning studies; (iv) test new timings of antiglutamatergic drugs administration aimed at preventing not only late toxicity but also acute effects.
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Li J, Xu Y, Zhu H, Wang Y, Li P, Wang D. The dark side of synaptic proteins in tumours. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:1184-1192. [PMID: 35624299 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in the past decade has uncovered the essential role of the nervous system in the tumour microenvironment. The recent advances in cancer neuroscience, especially the discovery of neuron-tumour synaptic/perisynaptic structures, have revealed the dark side of synaptic proteins in the progression of brain tumours. Here, we provide an overview of the synaptic proteins expressed by tumour cells and analyse their molecular functions and organisation by comparing them with neuronal synaptic proteins. We focus on the studies of neuroligin-3, the glutamate receptors AMPAR and NMDAR and the synaptic scaffold protein DLGAP1, for their newly discovered regulatory role in the proliferation and progression of tumours. Progress in cancer neuroscience has brought novel insights into the treatment of cancers. In the last part of this review, we discuss the therapeutical strategies targeting synaptic proteins and the current challenges and possible toolkits regarding their clinical application in cancer treatment. Our understanding of cancer neuroscience is still in its infancy; deeper investigation of how tumour cells co-opt synaptic signaling will help fulfil the therapeutical potential of the synaptic proteins as promising anti-tumour targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, 266021, Qingdao, China.
| | - Yalan Xu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, 266021, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, 266011, Qingdao, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, 266021, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, 266021, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Medical College, Qingdao University, 266021, Qingdao, China
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Xu YW, Yang JS, Kang DZ, Yao PS. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Astrocytes Regulate Differentiation and Glutamate Uptake of Glioma Stem Cells via Formyl Peptide Receptor. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1389. [PMID: 32474726 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, China
| | - Jin-Shan Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - De-Zhi Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, China.
| | - Pei-Sen Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO. 20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350004, Fujian, China.
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D’Alessandro G, Lauro C, Quaglio D, Ghirga F, Botta B, Trettel F, Limatola C. Neuro-Signals from Gut Microbiota: Perspectives for Brain Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2810. [PMID: 34199968 PMCID: PMC8200200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of glioma tumor in adult brain. Among the numerous factors responsible for GBM cell proliferation and invasion, neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and glutamate can play key roles. Studies performed in mice housed in germ-free (GF) conditions demonstrated the relevance of the gut-brain axis in a number of physiological and pathological conditions. The gut-brain communication is made possible by vagal/nervous and blood/lymphatic routes and pave the way for reciprocal modulation of functions. The gut microbiota produces and consumes a wide range of molecules, including neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], and glutamate) that reach their cellular targets through the bloodstream. Growing evidence in animals suggests that modulation of these neurotransmitters by the microbiota impacts host neurophysiology and behavior, and affects neural cell progenitors and glial cells, along with having effects on tumor cell growth. In this review we propose a new perspective connecting neurotransmitter modulation by gut microbiota to glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina D’Alessandro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Clotilde Lauro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Flavia Trettel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Cristina Limatola
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Sun A, Liu S, Tang X, Pan Q, Zhang Z, Ma H, Nie D, Tang C, Tang G. N-(2-18F-fluoropropionyl)-l-glutamate as a potential oncology tracer for PET imaging of glioma. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 168:109530. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Radin DP, Tsirka SE. Interactions between Tumor Cells, Neurons, and Microglia in the Glioma Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8476. [PMID: 33187183 PMCID: PMC7698134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant strides made in understanding the pathophysiology of high-grade gliomas over the past two decades, most patients succumb to these neoplasias within two years of diagnosis. Furthermore, there are various co-morbidities associated with glioma and standard of care treatments. Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant glutamate secretion in the glioma microenvironment promotes tumor progression and contributes to the development of co-morbidities, such as cognitive defects, epilepsy, and widespread neurodegeneration. Recent data clearly illustrate that neurons directly synapse onto glioma cells and drive their proliferation and spread via glutamatergic action. Microglia are central nervous system-resident myeloid cells, modulate glioma growth, and possess the capacity to prune synapses and encourage synapse formation. However, current literature has yet to investigate the potential role of microglia in shaping synapse formation between neurons and glioma cells. Herein, we present the literature concerning glutamate's role in glioma progression, involving hyperexcitability and excitotoxic cell death of peritumoral neurons and stimulation of glioma proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, we discuss instances in which microglia are more likely to sculpt or encourage synapse formation during glioma treatment and propose studies to delineate the role of microglia in synapse formation between neurons and glioma cells. The sex-dependent oncogenic or oncolytic actions of microglia and myeloid cells, in general, are considered in addition to the functional differences between microglia and macrophages in tumor progression. We also put forth tractable methods to safely perturb aberrant glutamatergic action in the tumor microenvironment without significantly increasing the toxicities of the standard of care therapies for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stella E. Tsirka
- Stony Brook Medical Scientist Training Program, Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-8651, USA;
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Mollazadeh H, Mohtashami E, Mousavi SH, Soukhtanloo M, Vahedi MM, Hosseini A, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Deciphering the Role of Glutamate Signaling in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Current Therapeutic Modalities and Future Directions. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4777-4788. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200603132456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the most popular intrinsic neoplasm throughout the brain, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is resistant
to existing therapies. Due to its invasive nature, GBM shows a poor prognosis despite aggressive surgery
and chemoradiation. Therefore, identifying and understanding the critical molecules of GBM can help develop
new therapeutic strategies. Glutamatergic signaling dysfunction has been well documented in neurodegenerative
diseases as well as in GBM. Inhibition of glutamate receptor activation or extracellular glutamate release by specific
antagonists inhibits cell development, invasion, and migration and contributes to apoptosis and autophagy in
GBM cells. This review outlines the current knowledge of glutamate signaling involvement and current therapeutic
modalities for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Elmira Mohtashami
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed H. Mousavi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad M. Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R. Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
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Anesthesia and brain tumor surgery: technical considerations based on current research evidence. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2020; 32:553-562. [PMID: 31145197 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anesthetics may influence cancer recurrence and metastasis following surgery by modulating the neuroendocrine stress response or by directly affecting cancer cell biology. This review summarizes the current evidence on whether commonly used anesthetics potentially affect postoperative outcomes following solid organ cancer surgery with particular focus on neurological malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS Despite significant improvement in diagnostic and therapeutic technology over the past decades, mortality rates after cancer surgery (including brain tumor resection) remains high. With regards to brain tumors, interaction between microglia/macrophages and tumor cells by multiple biological factors play an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. Preclinical studies have demonstrated an association between anesthetics and brain tumor cell biology, and a potential effect on tumor progression and metastasis has been revealed. However, in the clinical setting, the current evidence is inadequate to draw firm conclusions on the optimal anesthetic technique for brain tumor surgery. SUMMARY Further work at both the basic science and clinical level is urgently needed to evaluate the association between perioperative factors, including anesthetics/technique, and postoperative brain tumor outcomes.
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Ramaswamy P, Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah N, Prasad C, Goswami K. Transcriptional modulation of calcium-permeable AMPA receptor subunits in glioblastoma by MEK-ERK1/2 inhibitors and their role in invasion. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:830-837. [PMID: 31814223 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor. Glioblastoma cells secrete a significant amount of glutamate, which serve as a potential growth factor in glioma pathobiology through their specific receptor subtypes including α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR). Glioblastoma express AMPAR subunits; however, its regulation and activation with downstream intracellular signaling are not well-understood. Phosphorylated-extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 is known to regulate the ionotropic glutamate receptors in cortical neurons. The mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is frequently activated in several tumors, including glioma. Nonetheless, the association of ERK signaling with AMPAR subunits in glioblastoma is undetermined. Here, we demonstrated potential role of AMPAR in invasion, and the modulation of AMPAR subunits at transcript level by ERK signaling in glioblastoma cells. Inhibition of ERK signaling specifically downregulated the expression of calcium-permeable AMPAR subunits, GluA1 and GluA4, and upregulated calcium-impermeable AMPAR subunit GluA2 implying differential regulation of the expression of calcium-permeable AMPAR subunits of glioblastoma. Concomitantly, it significantly decreased the invasion of U87MG cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that the AMPAR enhances invasion of glioblastoma, and ERK signaling modulates the differential expression of calcium-permeable AMPAR phenotype that might play a crucial role in the invasive propensity of glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniswamy Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | | | - Chandrajit Prasad
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Kalyan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, 492099, India
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Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah N, Ramaswamy P, Goswami K, Fathima K H, Borkotokey M. Survival of glioblastoma cells in response to endogenous and exogenous oxidative challenges: possible implication of NMDA receptor-mediated regulation of redox homeostasis. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1443-1452. [PMID: 31187913 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are highly metabolically active and produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Drug resistance in cancer cells is closely related to their redox status. The role of ROS and its impact on cancer cell survival seems far from elucidation. The mechanisms through which glioblastoma cells overcome aberrant ROS and oxidative stress in a milieu of hypermetabolic state is still elusive. We hypothesize that the formidable growth potential of glioma cells is through manipulation of tumor microenvironment for its survival and growth, which can be attributed to an astute redox regulation through a nexus between activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and glutathione (GSH)-based antioxidant prowess. Hence, we examined the NMDAR activation on intracellular ROS level, and cell viability on exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), and antioxidants in glutamate-rich microenvironment of glioblastoma. The activation of NMDAR attenuated the intracellular ROS production in LN18 and U251MG glioma cells. MK-801 significantly reversed this effect. On evaluation of GSH redox cycle in these cells, the level of reduced GSH and glutathione reductase (GR) activity were significantly increased. NMDAR significantly enhanced the cell viability in LN18 and U251MG glioblastoma cells, by attenuating exogenous H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress, and significantly increased catalase activity, the key antioxidant that detoxifies H2 O2 . We hereby report an unexplored role of NMDAR activation induced protection of the rapidly multiplying glioblastoma cells against both endogenous ROS as well as exogenous oxidative challenges. We propose potentiation of reduced GSH, GR, and catalase in glioblastoma cells through NMDAR as a novel rationale of chemoresistance in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palaniswamy Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Kalyan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, 492099, India
| | - Hurmath Fathima K
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Monjuri Borkotokey
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
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20
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Clinicopathological characteristics of dysplastic teratomous neuroglia with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Clin Immunol 2019; 210:108271. [PMID: 31756658 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether unique pathological characteristics exist in teratomas that can trigger autoimmune anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. We compared a case of retroperitoneal teratoma associated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and four control cases. The encephalitis-positive case showed that (i) more dysplastic neuroglia with higher Ki-67 labeling index values than the control cases, which met the diagnostic criteria of astrocytoma, (ii) the NMDAR subunit NR1 was expressed more abundantly in neuroglial tissue where many neuroglial cells co-expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and NR1 and formed abnormally large cellular masses, (iii) intense NR1 expression occurs in squamous epithelium near neuroglial tissue and lymphocyte infiltration. This study showed that dysplastic neuroglial tissue resembling central nervous system tumors, which might promote autoimmunity, distinguished the case with NMDAR encephalitis from the controls. Additionally, abnormal expression of NR1 occurs in non-neural tissues and could be triggered by inflammation and participate in autoimmunity.
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21
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Nandakumar DN, Ramaswamy P, Prasad C, Srinivas D, Goswami K. Glioblastoma invasion and NMDA receptors: A novel prospect. Physiol Int 2019; 106:250-260. [PMID: 31564120 DOI: 10.1556/2060.106.2019.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma cells create glutamate-rich tumor microenvironment, which initiates activation of ion channels and modulates downstream intracellular signaling. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs; a type of glutamate receptors) have a high affinity for glutamate. The role of NMDAR activation on invasion of glioblastoma cells and the crosstalk with α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) is yet to be explored. MAIN METHODS LN18, U251MG, and patient-derived glioblastoma cells were stimulated with NMDA to activate NMDAR glutamate receptors. The role of NMDAR activation on invasion and migration and its crosstalk with AMPAR were evaluated. Invasion and migration of glioblastoma cells were investigated by in vitro trans-well Matrigel invasion and trans-well migration assays, respectively. Expression of NMDARs and AMPARs at transcript level was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We determined that NMDA stimulation leads to enhanced invasion in LN18, U251MG, and patient-derived glioblastoma cells, whereas inhibition of NMDAR using MK-801, a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDAR, significantly decreased the invasive capacity. Concordant with these findings, migration was significantly augmented by NMDAR in both cell lines. Furthermore, NMDA stimulation upregulated the expression of GluN2 and GluA1 subunits at the transcript level. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the previously unexplored role of NMDAR in invasion of glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, the expression of the GluN2 subunit of NMDAR and the differential overexpression of the GluA1 subunit of AMPAR in both cell lines provide a plausible rationale of crosstalk between these calcium-permeable subunits in the glutamate-rich microenvironment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Nandakumar
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - P Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - C Prasad
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - D Srinivas
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | - K Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, India
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Ramaswamy P, Goswami K, Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah N, Srinivas D, Prasad C. TNF-α mediated MEK-ERK signaling in invasion with putative network involving NF-κB and STAT-6: a new perspective in glioma. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:1257-1266. [PMID: 30839135 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. Invasion involves pro-inflammatory cytokines and major signaling hubs. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) acts as a master switch in establishing an intricate link between inflammation and cancer. The present study attempted to explore the possible implication of MAPK extracellular signaling-regulated kinase kinase (MEK)-extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway and expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), signal transducers and activators of transcription-6 (STAT-6), ERK, and phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) signaling proteins in TNF-α microenvironment. U0126 and PD98059 were used to inhibit the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway. TNF-α stimulation enhanced invasion in U87MG, U251MG and patient-derived primary glioma cells, whereas cell viability was not altered. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity was increased only in U251MG glioma cells. These data suggest that TNF-α microenvironment plays an important role in the invasion of U251MG, U87MG, and patient-derived primary glioma cells, without any cytotoxic effect. The MMP-2 activity is differentially regulated by TNF-α stimulation in these cells. TNF-α stimulation upregulated the protein expression of ERK-1, ERK-2 and also increased the level of p-ERK1/2. TNF-α stimulation further upregulated the expression of NF-κB1, STAT-6 in tandem with Ras-MEK signaling system in U87MG cells, which emphasized the possible involvement of these signaling hubs in the glioma microenvironment. MEK-ERK inhibitors significantly attenuated the invasion of U87MG cells mediated by the TNF-α stimulation, probably through their inhibitory impact on p-ERK1/2 and ERK-2. This study provides the possible rationale of invasion by glioma cells in a TNF-α-induced pro-inflammatory milieu, which involves direct role of MEK-ERK signaling, with possible implication of NF-κB and STAT-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniswamy Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Kalyan Goswami
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Raipur, 492099, India
| | | | - Dwarakanath Srinivas
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
| | - Chandrajit Prasad
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, 560029, India
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NMDA Receptor-Mediated Signaling Pathways Enhance Radiation Resistance, Survival and Migration in Glioblastoma Cells-A Potential Target for Adjuvant Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040503. [PMID: 30970642 PMCID: PMC6520759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive malignant brain tumors, with a survival time less than 15 months and characterized by a high radioresistance and the property of infiltrating the brain. Recent data indicate that the malignancy of glioblastomas depends on glutamatergic signaling via ionotropic glutamate receptors. In this study we revealed functional expression of Ca2+-permeable NMDARs in three glioblastoma cell lines. Therefore, we investigated the impact of this receptor on cell survival, migration and DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in the presence of both, glutamate and NMDAR antagonists, and after clinically relevant doses of ionizing radiation. Our results indicate that treatment with NMDAR antagonists slowed the growth and migration of glutamate-releasing LN229 cells, suggesting that activation of NMDARs facilitate tumor expansion. Furthermore, we found that DSB-repair upon radiation was more effective in the presence of glutamate. In contrast, antagonizing the NMDAR or the Ca2+-dependent transcription factor CREB impaired DSB-repair similarly and resulted in a radiosensitizing effect in LN229 and U-87MG cells, indicating a common link between NMDAR signaling and CREB activity in glioblastoma. Since the FDA-approved NMDAR antagonists memantine and ifenprodil showed differential radiosensitizing effects, these compounds may constitute novel optimizations for therapeutic interventions in glioblastoma.
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Role of MEK-ERK signaling mediated adhesion of glioma cells to extra-cellular matrix: Possible implication on migration and proliferation. Ann Neurosci 2019; 26:52-56. [PMID: 31975773 PMCID: PMC6894623 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.260203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma represents the most common primary brain tumor with a worst
prognosis despite developments in neurosurgery and chemoradiotherapy.
Detachment of the cells from the primary tumor tissue is a prerequisite for
their dispersion and spreading. Initial and incessant dispersal of tumor
cells from the primary tumor tissue renders GBM refractory to comprehensive
surgical removal and increases the chance of recurrence and poorer
prognosis. Purposes The current study was designed to investigate the effect of inhibition of
MEK-ERK1/2 signaling by PD98059 and U0126 on the growth and migration of
glioma cells as well as their adhesion to extracellular matrix. Methods MEK-ERK1/2 signaling in U87-MG cells was inhibited by PD98059 and U0126.
Migration, proliferation and adhesion were analyzed by scratch-wound assay,
MTT assay, cell adhesion assay respectively. Results PD98059 and U0126 significantly not only reduced the proliferation of glioma
cells and attenuated their migration but also increased their adhesion to
gelatin of extracellular matrix. Conclusion This study provides the evidence that inhibition of MEK-ERK1/2 signaling
enhances the adhesion of glioma cells to gelatin/collagen component of ECM,
and decreases the proliferation and migration of the glioma cells. We
propose the possible rationale of association between ERK signaling and
cell-cell adhesion molecules in glioma microenvironment which regulates the
glioma initiation, growth and progression.
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Lutz H, Nguyen TA, Joswig J, Rau K, Laube B. NMDA Receptor Signaling Mediates cFos Expression via Top2β-Induced DSBs in Glioblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030306. [PMID: 30841565 PMCID: PMC6468437 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of Ca2+-permeable N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor channels (NMDARs) is crucial for the development and survival of neurons, but many cancers use NMDAR-mediated signaling as well, enhancing the growth and invasiveness of tumors. Thus, NMDAR-dependent pathways emerge as a promising target in cancer therapy. Here, we use the LN229 and U-87MG glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells and immunofluorescence staining of 53BP1 to analyze NMDAR-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), which represent an important step in the NMDAR signaling pathway in neurons by facilitating the expression of early response genes. Our results show that NMDAR activation leads to the induction of DSBs in a subpopulation of glioma cells. In a further analogy to neurons, our results demonstrate that the induction of DSBs in LN229 cells is dependent on the activity of topoisomerase IIβ (Top2β). Western blot analysis revealed that the inhibition of NMDARs, cAMP-responsive element binding transcription factor (CREB) and Top2β decreased the expression of the proto-oncogene cFos. Knockdown of Top2β with siRNAs resulted in a downregulation of cFos and increased the radiosensitivity of LN229 cells in clonogenic survival. We also observed impaired cFos expression upon NMDAR and Top2β inhibition in a primary GBM cell line, suggesting that NMDAR signaling may be widely used by GBMs, demonstrating the potential of targeting NMDAR signaling proteins for GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Lutz
- Neurophysiology and Neurosensory Systems, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Thy Anh Nguyen
- Neurophysiology and Neurosensory Systems, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Juliane Joswig
- Neurophysiology and Neurosensory Systems, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Rau
- Neurophysiology and Neurosensory Systems, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Bodo Laube
- Neurophysiology and Neurosensory Systems, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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Neal A, Moffat BA, Stein JM, Nanga RPR, Desmond P, Shinohara RT, Hariharan H, Glarin R, Drummond K, Morokoff A, Kwan P, Reddy R, O'Brien TJ, Davis KA. Glutamate weighted imaging contrast in gliomas with 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101694. [PMID: 30822716 PMCID: PMC6396013 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Diffuse gliomas are incurable malignancies, which undergo inevitable progression and are associated with seizure in 50–90% of cases. Glutamate has the potential to be an important glioma biomarker of survival and local epileptogenicity if it can be accurately quantified noninvasively. Methods We applied the glutamate-weighted imaging method GluCEST (glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer) and single voxel MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy) at 7 Telsa (7 T) to patients with gliomas. GluCEST contrast and MRS metabolite concentrations were quantified within the tumour region and peritumoural rim. Clinical variables of tumour aggressiveness (prior adjuvant therapy and previous radiological progression) and epilepsy (any prior seizures, seizure in last month and drug refractory epilepsy) were correlated with respective glutamate concentrations. Images were separated into post-hoc determined patterns and clinical variables were compared across patterns. Results Ten adult patients with a histo-molecular (n = 9) or radiological (n = 1) diagnosis of grade II-III diffuse glioma were recruited, 40.3 +/− 12.3 years. Increased tumour GluCEST contrast was associated with prior adjuvant therapy (p = .001), and increased peritumoural GluCEST contrast was associated with both recent seizures (p = .038) and drug refractory epilepsy (p = .029). We distinguished two unique GluCEST contrast patterns with distinct clinical and radiological features. MRS glutamate correlated with GluCEST contrast within the peritumoural voxel (R = 0.89, p = .003) and a positive trend existed in the tumour voxel (R = 0.65, p = .113). Conclusion This study supports the role of glutamate in diffuse glioma biology. It further implicates elevated peritumoural glutamate in epileptogenesis and altered tumour glutamate homeostasis in glioma aggressiveness. Given the ability to non-invasively visualise and quantify glutamate, our findings raise the prospect of 7 T GluCEST selecting patients for individualised therapies directed at the glutamate pathway. Larger studies with prospective follow-up are required. 7 T GluCEST glioma imaging is feasible, producing high quality quantifiable images. Increased peritumoural GluCEST contrast correlates with drug resistant epilepsy. Increased tumour GluCEST contrast is associated with prior adjuvant therapy. Two GluCEST patterns were identified with distinct clinico-radiological features. GluCEST contrast correlates with MRS glutamate in peritumoural regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Neal
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia.
| | - Bradford A Moffat
- Melbourne Node of the National Imaging Facility, Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joel M Stein
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga
- Center for Magnetic Resonance & Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Patricia Desmond
- Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Radiology and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Hari Hariharan
- Center for Magnetic Resonance & Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca Glarin
- Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Radiology and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katharine Drummond
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Australia; Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia
| | - Andrew Morokoff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Monash University, Australia
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Magnetic Resonance & Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, The Alfred Hospital Monash University, Australia
| | - Kathryn A Davis
- Penn Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Viswanathan A, Zhurina A, Assoah B, Paakkunainen A, Musa A, Kute D, Saravanan KM, Yli-Harja O, Candeias NR, Kandhavelu M. Decane-1,2-diol derivatives as potential antitumor agents for the treatment of glioblastoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 837:105-116. [PMID: 30179612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma remains the most common and aggressive type of malignant brain tumor among adults thus, considerable attention has been given to discovery of novel anti-tumor drugs for its treatment. This study reports the synthesis of a series of twelve novel decane-1,2-diol derivatives and evaluation of its anti-tumor activity in mammalian glioblastoma cell lines, U87 and LN229. Starting from decane-1,2-diol, several derivatives were prepared using a diversity oriented synthesis approach through which a small library composed of esters, silyl ethers, sulfonates, sulfites, sulfates, ketals, and phosphonates was built. The decane-1,2-diol ditosylated derivative, DBT, found to have higher cytotoxicity than the standard drug cisplatin, has IC50 value of 52 µM in U87 and 270 µM in LN229. Migration analysis of U87 cell line treated with the DBT indicated its ability to effectively suppress proliferation during initial hours of treatment and decrease anti-proliferative property over time. Additionally, DBT was assessed for its role in apoptosis, oxidative stress and caspase 3/7 activation in U87. Interestingly, our experiments indicated that its cytotoxicity is independent of Reactive oxygen species induced caspase 3/7 activity. The compound also exhibited caspase independent apoptosis activity in U87. DBT treatment led to G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction of glioma cell lines. In addition, we identified 1533 genes with significant changes at the transcriptional level, in response to DBT. A molecular docking study accounting for the interaction of DBT with NMDA receptor disclosed several hydrogen bonds and charged residue interactions with 17 amino acids, which might be the basis of the DBT cytotoxicity observed. We conclude that this molecule exerts its cytotoxicity via caspase 3/7 independent pathways in glioblastoma cells. Concisely, simple decane-1,2-diol derivatives might serve as scaffolds for the development of effective anti-glioblastoma agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Viswanathan
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anastasia Zhurina
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Benedicta Assoah
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Aleksi Paakkunainen
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Aliyu Musa
- Predictive Medicine and Data Analytics Lab, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Dinesh Kute
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Konda Mani Saravanan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography & Biophysics, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland; Institute for Systems Biology, 1441N 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103-8904, USA
| | - Nuno R Candeias
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, BioMediTech and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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Zhang Z, Zhang L, Chen J, Cao Y, Qu M, Lin X, Han Z, Ji X. 2-(2-Benzofuranyl)-2-Imidazoline Mediates Neuroprotection by Regulating the Neurovascular Unit Integrity in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:1481-1489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Cacciatore I, Fornasari E, Marinelli L, Eusepi P, Ciulla M, Ozdemir O, Tatar A, Turkez H, Di Stefano A. Memantine-derived drugs as potential antitumor agents for the treatment of glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:402-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Altinoz MA, Elmaci İ. Targeting nitric oxide and NMDA receptor-associated pathways in treatment of high grade glial tumors. Hypotheses for nitro-memantine and nitrones. Nitric Oxide 2017; 79:68-83. [PMID: 29030124 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating brain cancer with no curative treatment. Targeting Nitric Oxide (NO) and glutamatergic pathways may help as adjunctive treatments in GBM. NO at low doses promotes tumorigenesis, while at higher levels (above 300 nM) triggers apoptosis. Gliomas actively secrete high amounts of glutamate which activates EGR signaling and mediates degradation of peritumoral tissues via excitotoxic injury. Memantine inhibits NMDA-subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDARs) and induces autophagic death of glioma cells in vitro and blocks glioma growth in vivo. Nitro-memantines may exert further benefits by limiting NMDAR signaling and by delivery of NO to the areas of excessive NMDAR activity leading NO-accumulation at tumoricidal levels within gliomas. Due to the duality of NO in tumorigenesis, agents which attenuate NO levels may also act beneficial in treatment of GBM. Nitrone compounds including N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PBN) and its disulfonyl-phenyl derivative, OKN-007 suppress free radical formation in experimental cerebral ischemia. OKN-007 failed to show clinical efficacy in stroke, but trials demonstrated its high biosafety in humans including elderly subjects. PBN inhibits the signaling pathways of NF-κB, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX). In animal models of liver cancer and glioblastoma, OKN-007 seemed more efficient than PBN in suppression of cell proliferation, microvascular density and in induction of apoptosis. OKN-007 also inhibits SULF2 enzyme, which promotes tumor growth via versatile pathways. We assume that nitromemantines may be more beneficial concomitant with chemo-radiotherapy while nitrones alone may act useful in suppressing basal tumor growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meric A Altinoz
- Neuroacademy Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - İlhan Elmaci
- Neuroacademy Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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31
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Lavaur J, Le Nogue D, Lemaire M, Pype J, Farjot G, Hirsch EC, Michel PP. The noble gas xenon provides protection and trophic stimulation to midbrain dopamine neurons. J Neurochem 2017; 142:14-28. [PMID: 28398653 PMCID: PMC5518208 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite its low chemical reactivity, the noble gas xenon possesses a remarkable spectrum of biological effects. In particular, xenon is a strong neuroprotectant in preclinical models of hypoxic‐ischemic brain injury. In this study, we wished to determine whether xenon retained its neuroprotective potential in experimental settings that model the progressive loss of midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons in Parkinson's disease. Using rat midbrain cultures, we established that xenon was partially protective for DA neurons through either direct or indirect effects on these neurons. So, when DA neurons were exposed to l‐trans‐pyrrolidine‐2,4‐dicarboxylic acid so as to increase ambient glutamate levels and generate slow and sustained excitotoxicity, the effect of xenon on DA neurons was direct. The vitamin E analog Trolox also partially rescued DA neurons in this setting and enhanced neuroprotection by xenon. However, in the situation where DA cell death was spontaneous, the protection of DA neurons by xenon appeared indirect as it occurred through the repression of a mechanism mediated by proliferating glial cells, presumably astrocytes and their precursor cells. Xenon also exerted trophic effects for DA neurons in this paradigm. The effects of xenon were mimicked and improved by the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist memantine and xenon itself appeared to work by antagonizing N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors. Note that another noble gas argon could not reproduce xenon effects. Overall, present data indicate that xenon can provide protection and trophic support to DA neurons that are vulnerable in Parkinson's disease. This suggests that xenon might have some therapeutic value for this disorder. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Lavaur
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Déborah Le Nogue
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lemaire
- Air Liquide Santé International, Medical R&D Paris, Saclay Research Center, Jouy-en Josas, France
| | - Jan Pype
- Air Liquide Santé International, Medical R&D Paris, Saclay Research Center, Jouy-en Josas, France
| | - Géraldine Farjot
- Air Liquide Santé International, Medical R&D Paris, Saclay Research Center, Jouy-en Josas, France
| | - Etienne C Hirsch
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Patrick P Michel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Li N, Yi L, He Z, Zhang W, Li H, Lin JM. A DNA-directed covalent conjugation fluorescence probe for in vitro detection of functional matrix metalloproteinases. Analyst 2017; 142:634-640. [PMID: 28112295 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02339h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been considered to contribute to the progression of tumorigenesis and tumor invasion; MMP-9 in particular, has been regarded as a priority target in cancer treatment due to its massive up-regulation in malignant tissues and its ability to degrade type IV collagen. In this work, we employed a DNA-directed covalent conjugation method to design a fluorescence probe for in vitro detection of functional matrix metalloproteinases, by which a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-modified DNA probe can combine with the Zn2+ in the active site of MMPs, and then a molecule beacon (MB) modified FITC and BHQ1 can open to bond with their complementary base, NTA-modified DNA. We can evaluate the amount of MMPs in the medium according to the fluorescence intensity. The detection procedure can be finished in 30 min with good selectivity, cheap reagents and easy preparation. All the results and the amount of secreted MMPs under three different cell culture conditions are in accordance with previous reports. Satisfactory results are obtained. Furthermore, owing to the importance of MMP-9, we designed an approach to achieve the desired selectivity and specificity of our work, using dual amplification for improving fluorescence intensity based on RCA to detect the amount of MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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Neal A, Yuen T, Bjorksten AR, Kwan P, O'Brien TJ, Morokoff A. Peritumoural glutamate correlates with post-operative seizures in supratentorial gliomas. J Neurooncol 2016; 129:259-67. [PMID: 27311724 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To examine the impact of glutamate on post-operative seizures and survival in a cohort of patients with grade II to IV supratentorial glioma. A retrospective analysis was performed on 216 patients who underwent surgery for supratentorial gliomas. Primary explanatory variables were peritumoural and/or tumoural glutamate concentrations, glutamate transporter expression (EAAT2 and SXC). Univariate and multivariate survival analysis was performed with primary outcomes of time to first post-operative seizure and overall survival. Subgroup analysis was performed in patients with de novo glioblastomas who received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. 47 (21.8 %), 34 (15.8 %) and 135 (62.5 %) WHO grade II, III and IV gliomas respectively were followed for a median of 15.8 months. Following multivariate analysis, there was a non-significant association between higher peritumoural glutamate concentrations and time to first post-operative seizure (HR 2.07, CI 0.98-4.37, p = 0.06). In subgroup analysis of 81 glioblastoma patients who received adjunct chemoradiotherapy, peritumoural glutamate concentration was significantly associated with time to first post-operative seizure (HR 3.10, CI 1.20-7.97, p = 0.02). In both the overall cohort and subgroup analysis no glutamate cycle biomarkers were predictive of overall survival. Increased concentrations of peritumoural glutamate were significantly associated with shorter periods of post-operative seizure freedom in patients with de novo glioblastomas treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. No glutamate cycle biomarkers were predictive of overall survival. These results suggest that therapies targeting glutamate may be beneficial in tumour associated epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Neal
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Tanya Yuen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew R Bjorksten
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Morokoff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, 3050, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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34
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Bicket A, Mehrabi P, Naydenova Z, Wong V, Donaldson L, Stagljar I, Coe IR. Novel regulation of equlibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) by receptor-stimulated Ca2+-dependent calmodulin binding. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C808-20. [PMID: 27009875 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00243.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) facilitate the flux of nucleosides, such as adenosine, and nucleoside analog (NA) drugs across cell membranes. A correlation between adenosine flux and calcium-dependent signaling has been previously reported; however, the mechanistic basis of these observations is not known. Here we report the identification of the calcium signaling transducer calmodulin (CaM) as an ENT1-interacting protein, via a conserved classic 1-5-10 motif in ENT1. Calcium-dependent human ENT1-CaM protein interactions were confirmed in human cell lines (HEK293, RT4, U-87 MG) using biochemical assays (HEK293) and the functional assays (HEK293, RT4), which confirmed modified nucleoside uptake that occurred in the presence of pharmacological manipulations of calcium levels and CaM function. Nucleoside and NA drug uptake was significantly decreased (∼12% and ∼39%, respectively) by chelating calcium (EGTA, 50 μM; BAPTA-AM, 25 μM), whereas increasing intracellular calcium (thapsigargin, 1.5 μM) led to increased nucleoside uptake (∼26%). Activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (in U-87 MG) by glutamate (1 mM) and glycine (100 μM) significantly increased nucleoside uptake (∼38%) except in the presence of the NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801 (50 μM), or CaM antagonist, W7 (50 μM). These data support the existence of a previously unidentified novel receptor-dependent regulatory mechanism, whereby intracellular calcium modulates nucleoside and NA drug uptake via CaM-dependent interaction of ENT1. These findings suggest that ENT1 is regulated via receptor-dependent calcium-linked pathways resulting in an alteration of purine flux, which may modulate purinergic signaling and influence NA drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bicket
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pedram Mehrabi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zlatina Naydenova
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Victoria Wong
- Donnelly Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Igor Stagljar
- Donnelly Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Imogen R Coe
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Canada; Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada;
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Hurmath FK, Mittal M, Ramaswamy P, Umamaheswara Rao GS, Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah N. Sevoflurane and thiopental preconditioning attenuates the migration and activity of MMP-2 in U87MG glioma cells. Neurochem Int 2016; 94:32-8. [PMID: 26875426 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cell migration and diffuse infiltration into brain parenchyma are known causes of recurrence after treatment in glioblastoma (GBM), mediated in part by the interaction of glioma cells with the extracellular matrix, followed by degradation of matrix by tumor cell derived proteases, particularly the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Sevoflurane and thiopental are anesthetics commonly used in cancer surgery. However, their effect on the progression of glioma cells remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of these anesthetics on the migration and activity of MMP-2 in glioma cells. METHODOLOGY Cultured U87MG cells were pretreated with sevoflurane or thiopental and in vitro wound healing scratch assay was carried out to analyze their effect on migration of these cells. Gelatin zymography was carried out to examine the effect of these anesthetics on tumor cell MMP-2 activity using the conditioned media 24 h after pretreatment. Cell viability was analyzed using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS U87MG cells exposed to 2.5% sevoflurane or different concentrations of thiopental significantly decreased migration and activity of MMP-2 compared to control. No effect was seen on the viability of these cells after pretreatment with sevoflurane or thiopental. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that both sevoflurane and thiopental have inhibitory effect on the migration and MMP-2 activity in glioma cells. Thus, it is important that the choice of anesthetics to be used during glioma surgery takes into account their inhibitory properties against the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Kamaluddin Hurmath
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Mohit Mittal
- Department of Neuroanaesthesia, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - Palaniswamy Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560029, India
| | - G S Umamaheswara Rao
- Department of Neuroanaesthesia, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru 560029, India
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Vainshtein A, Veenman L, Shterenberg A, Singh S, Masarwa A, Dutta B, Island B, Tsoglin E, Levin E, Leschiner S, Maniv I, Pe’er L, Otradnov I, Zubedat S, Aga-Mizrachi S, Weizman A, Avital A, Marek I, Gavish M. Quinazoline-based tricyclic compounds that regulate programmed cell death, induce neuronal differentiation, and are curative in animal models for excitotoxicity and hereditary brain disease. Cell Death Discov 2015; 1:15027. [PMID: 27551459 PMCID: PMC4979516 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2015.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanding on a quinazoline scaffold, we developed tricyclic compounds with biological activity. These compounds bind to the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) and protect U118MG (glioblastoma cell line of glial origin) cells from glutamate-induced cell death. Fascinating, they can induce neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells (cell line of pheochromocytoma origin with neuronal characteristics) known to display neuronal characteristics, including outgrowth of neurites, tubulin expression, and NeuN (antigen known as 'neuronal nuclei', also known as Rbfox3) expression. As part of the neurodifferentiation process, they can amplify cell death induced by glutamate. Interestingly, the compound 2-phenylquinazolin-4-yl dimethylcarbamate (MGV-1) can induce expansive neurite sprouting on its own and also in synergy with nerve growth factor and with glutamate. Glycine is not required, indicating that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors are not involved in this activity. These diverse effects on cells of glial origin and on cells with neuronal characteristics induced in culture by this one compound, MGV-1, as reported in this article, mimic the diverse events that take place during embryonic development of the brain (maintenance of glial integrity, differentiation of progenitor cells to mature neurons, and weeding out of non-differentiating progenitor cells). Such mechanisms are also important for protective, curative, and restorative processes that occur during and after brain injury and brain disease. Indeed, we found in a rat model of systemic kainic acid injection that MGV-1 can prevent seizures, counteract the process of ongoing brain damage, including edema, and restore behavior defects to normal patterns. Furthermore, in the R6-2 (transgenic mouse model for Huntington disease; Strain name: B6CBA-Tg(HDexon1)62Gpb/3J) transgenic mouse model for Huntington disease, derivatives of MGV-1 can increase lifespan by >20% and reduce incidence of abnormal movements. Also in vitro, these derivatives were more effective than MGV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vainshtein
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - L Veenman
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Shterenberg
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Singh
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Masarwa
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - B Dutta
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - B Island
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Tsoglin
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - E Levin
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Leschiner
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Maniv
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - L Pe’er
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Otradnov
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Zubedat
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - S Aga-Mizrachi
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Weizman
- Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Geha Mental Health Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Avital
- Department of Physiology, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, The Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Emek Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - I Marek
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, The Mallat Family Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Gavish
- Department of Neuroscience, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Haifa, Israel
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Veenman L, Vainshtein A, Gavish M. TSPO as a target for treatments of diseases, including neuropathological disorders. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1911. [PMID: 26469960 PMCID: PMC4632315 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Veenman
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - A Vainshtein
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - M Gavish
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Paeoniflorin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human glioma cells via microRNA-16 upregulation and matrix metalloproteinase-9 downregulation. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2735-40. [PMID: 25954855 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin is one of the active ingredients of the commonly used herbal medicine derived from Paeonia, which exhibits anticancer properties. MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) is upregulated in CD133(-) cells, but downregulated in CD133(+) cells from glioma tissue. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in glioma tissue samples is significantly higher than that in healthy brain tissue samples. Therefore, miR-16 and MMP-9 expression may be associated with glioma pathogenesis. In the present study, the effects of paeoniflorin on glioma were analyzed. U87 cells were treated with paeoniflorin at 0, 5, 10 and 20 μΜ concentrations. The results suggested that paeoniflorin inhibited U87 cell proliferation and accelerated cell apoptosis. In the present study paeoniflorin treatment increased miR-16 expression and reduced MMP-9 protein expression in U87 cells. Additionally, the results of the present study suggested that miR-16 may regulate MMP-9 expression in miR-16-transfected U87 cells. Furthermore, anti-miR-16 antibodies were used in order to investigate the apoptotic effects of paeoniflorin on U87 cells. The results demonstrated that paeoniflorin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human glial cells, via miR-16 upregulation and MMP-9 downregulation.
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Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits metastasis of glioblastoma multiforme through Akt-regulated MMP13. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6789-95. [PMID: 25835975 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant type of primary brain tumor. Although the growth of the tumor cells in a relatively closed space may partially account for its malignancy, highly invasive nature of glioblastoma cells has been suggested to be the main reason for the failure of current therapeutic approaches. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) has recently been shown to significantly suppress the growth and survival of GBM through inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling, whereas its effects on the invasion and metastasis have not been examined. Here, we showed that GRh2 dose-dependently decreased GBM cell invasiveness in both scratch wound healing assay and Transwell cell migration assay. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of GRh2 on cell migration seemed to be conducted through decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. Furthermore, using specific inhibitors, we found that GRh2 inhibited MMP13 through PI3k/Akt signaling pathway. Finally, high MMP13 levels were detected in GBM specimen from the patients. Together, these data suggest that GRh2 may suppress GBM migration through inhibiting Akt-mediated MMP13 activation. Thus, our data highlight a previous unappreciated role for GRh2 in suppressing GBM cell metastasis.
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Wu L, Yang L, Xiong Y, Guo H, Shen X, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Zhu X. Annexin A5 promotes invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide in glioblastoma multiforme cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12327-37. [PMID: 25245332 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the prevalent and most fatal brain tumor in adults. Invasion and a high rate of recurrence largely contribute to the poor prognosis of GBM. The current standard therapy for GBM includes surgery with maximum feasible resection, radiotherapy, and treatment with chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide. Annexin A5 reportedly promotes progression and chemoresistance in a variety of cancers. In the present study, we explored the effects of annexin A5 on GBM cell invasion and chemoresistance to temozolomide. Stable overexpression and knockdown of annexin A5 were performed in both U-87 MG and U-118 MG human GBM cell lines. Overexpression of annexin A5 in both cell lines significantly increased cell invasion, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression/activity, Akt phosphorylation at serine 473, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of temozolomide and markedly decreased temozolomide-induced apoptosis, all of which were abolished by selective PI3K inhibitor BKM120. On the other hand, knockdown of annexin A5 markedly decreased cell invasion, MMP-2 expression/activity, Akt phosphorylation at serine 473, and the IC50 values of temozolomide and significantly increased temozolomide-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, our study provides the first evidence that annexin A5 promotes GBM cell invasion, MMP-2 expression/activity, and chemoresistance to temozolomide through a PI3K-dependent mechanism. It adds new insights not only into the biological function of annexin A5 but also into the molecular mechanisms underlying GBM progression and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Fathima Hurmath K, Ramaswamy P, Nandakumar DN. IL-1β microenvironment promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of human glioma cells. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:1415-22. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Fathima Hurmath
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS); Bengaluru 560029 India
| | - Palaniswamy Ramaswamy
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS); Bengaluru 560029 India
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