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Nyalali AMK, Leonard AU, Xu Y, Li H, Zhou J, Zhang X, Rugambwa TK, Shi X, Li F. CD147: an integral and potential molecule to abrogate hallmarks of cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238051. [PMID: 38023152 PMCID: PMC10662318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 also known as EMMPRIN, basigin, and HAb18G, is a single-chain type I transmembrane protein shown to be overexpressed in aggressive human cancers of CNS, head and neck, breasts, lungs, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, skin, hematological, and musculoskeletal. In these malignancies, the molecule is integral to the diverse but complimentary hallmarks of cancer: it is pivotal in cancerous proliferative signaling, growth propagation, cellular survival, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion, invasion, and metastasis. CD147 also has regulatory functions in cancer-enabling characteristics such as DNA damage response (DDR) and immune evasion. These neoplastic functions of CD147 are executed through numerous and sometimes overlapping molecular pathways: it transduces signals from upstream molecules or ligands such as cyclophilin A (CyPA), CD98, and S100A9; activates a repertoire of downstream molecules and pathways including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2,3,9, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1/2α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α, and ATM/ATR/p53; and also functions as an indispensable chaperone or regulator to monocarboxylate, fatty acid, and amino acid transporters. Interestingly, induced loss of functions to CD147 prevents and reverses the acquired hallmarks of cancer in neoplastic diseases. Silencing of Cd147 also alleviates known resistance to chemoradiotherapy exhibited by malignant tumors like carcinomas of the breast, lung, pancreas, liver, gastric, colon, ovary, cervix, prostate, urinary bladder, glioblastoma, and melanoma. Targeting CD147 antigen in chimeric and induced-chimeric antigen T cell or antibody therapies is also shown to be safer and more effective. Moreover, incorporating anti-CD147 monoclonal antibodies in chemoradiotherapy, oncolytic viral therapy, and oncolytic virus-based-gene therapies increases effectiveness and reduces on and off-target toxicity. This study advocates the expedition and expansion by further exploiting the evidence acquired from the experimental studies that modulate CD147 functions in hallmarks of cancer and cancer-enabling features and strive to translate them into clinical practice to alleviate the emergency and propagation of cancer, as well as the associated clinical and social consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphonce M. K. Nyalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Surgery, Songwe Regional Referral Hospital, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Angela U. Leonard
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Public Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yongxiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huayu Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junlin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tibera K. Rugambwa
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Xiaohan Shi
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Mafi A, Mannani R, Khalilollah S, Hedayati N, Salami R, Rezaee M, Dehmordi RM, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Alimohammadi M, Akhavan-Sigari R. The Significant Role of microRNAs in Gliomas Angiogenesis: A Particular Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Opportunities for Clinical Application. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3277-3299. [PMID: 37414973 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with only 20-22 nucleic acids that inhibit gene transcription and translation by binding to mRNA. MiRNAs have a diverse set of target genes and can alter most physiological processes, including cell cycle checkpoints, cell survival, and cell death mechanisms, affecting the growth, development, and invasion of various cancers, including gliomas. So optimum management of miRNA expression is essential for preserving a normal biological environment. Due to their small size, stability, and capability of specifically targeting oncogenes, miRNAs have emerged as a promising marker and new biopharmaceutical targeted therapy for glioma patients. This review focuses on the most common miRNAs associated with gliomagenesis and development by controlling glioma-determining markers such as angiogenesis. We also summarized the recent research about miRNA effects on signaling pathways, their mechanistic role and cellular targets in the development of gliomas angiogenesis. Strategies for miRNA-based therapeutic targets, as well as limitations in clinical applications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Mannani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shayan Khalilollah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Yao C, Liu X, Tang Y, Wang C, Duan C, Liu X, Chen M, Zhou Y, Tang E, Xiang Y, Li Y, Ji A, Cai T. Lipopolysaccharide induces inflammatory microglial activation through CD147-mediated matrix metalloproteinase expression. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:35352-35365. [PMID: 36534246 PMCID: PMC9761036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the pathophysiological processes of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an environmental poison that can induce inflammatory microglial activation. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are vital factors regulating microglial activation, and CD147 is a key MMP inducer, which can induce inflammation by inducing MMPs. However, whether it is involved in the regulation of microglial activation has not been reported. In this study, the role of CD147 in LPS-induced microglial inflammatory activation was investigated by establishing in vivo and in vitro models. The results suggested that LPS-induced microglial activation was accompanied by the induction of CD147 expression while the inhibition of CD147 expression could inhibit LPS-induced microglial inflammatory activation. In addition, the results also indicated that the role of CD147 in LPS-induced pro-inflammatory activation of microglia was related to its downstream MMP-3, MMP-8, and autophagy. Furthermore, the inhibition of MMP-3, MMP-8, and autophagy attenuated LPS-induced inflammatory activation of microglia. At the same time, there was a certain interaction between MMPs and autophagy, which is shown that inhibiting the expression of MMPs could inhibit autophagy, whereas inhibiting autophagy could inhibit the expression of MMPs. Taken together, we provided the first evidence that CD147/MMPs can be involved in LPS-induced inflammatory activation of microglia through an autophagy-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chenggang Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yumeng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Enjie Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ailing Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Tongjian Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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Kulyar MFEA, Mo Q, Yao W, Ding Y, Yan Z, Du H, Pan H, Li K, Gao J, Shahzad M, Mansoor MK, Iqbal M, Waqas M, Akhtar M, Bhutta ZA, Li J. Chlorogenic acid suppresses miR-460a in the regulation of Bcl-2, causing interleukin-1β reduction in thiram exposed chondrocytes via caspase-3/caspase-7 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154296. [PMID: 35809377 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis is thought to be involved in all processes, including normal cell cycle, immune system, atrophy, embryonic development, and chemical-induced cellular damage. However, if the normal apoptotic process fails, the results might be disastrous, e.g., chondrocytes damage in tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). TD is a worldwide issue in the poultry sector due to thiram toxicity. Thiram (Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide) is a dithiocarbamate pesticide and fungicide commonly used in horticulture to treat grains meant for seed protection and preservation. PURPOSE According to prior studies, chlorogenic acid (CGA) is becoming essential for regulating apoptosis. But still, the specific role of CGA in chondrocyte cells remains unclear. The present study explored the molecular mechanism of CGA on chondrocytes' apoptosis with B-cell lymphoma 2 signaling under the effect of miR-460a. METHODS An in vivo and in vitro study was performed according to our previously developed methodology. Flow cytometry, western blotting, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence assay were used to investigate the involvement of apoptosis and inflammasome related pathways. RESULTS The CGA decreased the apoptosis rate with the deactivation of miR-460a, accompanied by the activation of Bcl-2. The high expression of miR-460a reduced the cell viability of chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo, that led to the interleukin-1β production. While the apoptotic executioners (caspase-3 and caspase-7) acted upstream in miR-460a overexpressing cells, and its depletion downgraded these executioners. The CGA administrated cells negatively regulated miR-460a expression and thus indicating the deactivation of the apoptotic and inflammasome related pathways. CONCLUSION Chlorogenic acid had a negative effect on miR-460a, setting off specific feedback to regulate apoptotic and inflammasome pathways, which might be a key feature for chondrocytes' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Quan Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yanmei Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhang Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Haitao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Huachun Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Kewei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jindong Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Mansoor
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, 12350, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Kulyar MFEA, Yao W, Mo Q, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Gao J, Li K, Pan H, Nawaz S, Shahzad M, Mehmood K, Iqbal M, Akhtar M, Bhutta ZA, Waqas M, Li J, Qi D. Regulatory Role of Apoptotic and Inflammasome Related Proteins and Their Possible Functional Aspect in Thiram Associated Tibial Dyschondroplasia of Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12162028. [PMID: 36009620 PMCID: PMC9404426 DOI: 10.3390/ani12162028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia debilities apoptotic and inflammasomal conditions that can further destroy chondrocytes. Inflammasomes are specialized protein complexes that process pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18. Moreover, there is mounting evidence that many of the signaling molecules that govern programmed cell death also affect inflammasome activation in a cell-intrinsic way. During the last decade, apoptotic functions have been described for signaling molecules involving inflammatory responses and cell death pathways. Considering these exceptional developments in the knowledge of processes, this review gives a glimpse of the significance of these two pathways and their connected proteins in tibial dyschondroplasia. The current review deeply elaborates on the elevated level of signaling mediators of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and the inflammasome. Although investigating these pathways’ mechanisms has made significant progress, this review identifies areas where more study is especially required. It might lead to developing innovative therapeutics for tibial dyschondroplasia and other associated bone disorders, e.g., osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, where apoptosis and inflammasome are the significant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Quan Mo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanmei Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jindong Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kewei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huachun Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot 12350, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (D.Q.)
| | - Desheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (D.Q.)
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Fahs A, Hussein N, Zalzali H, Ramadan F, Ghamloush F, Tamim H, El Homsi M, Badran B, Boulos F, Tawil A, Ghayad SE, Saab R. CD147 Promotes Tumorigenesis via Exosome-Mediated Signaling in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152267. [PMID: 35892564 PMCID: PMC9331498 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive childhood soft-tissue tumor, with propensity for local invasion and distant metastasis. Exosomes are secreted vesicles that mediate paracrine signaling by delivering functional proteins and miRNA to recipient cells. The transmembrane protein CD147, also known as Basigin or EMMPRIN, is enriched in various tumor cells, as well as in tumor-derived exosomes, and has been correlated with poor prognosis in several types of cancer, but has not been previously investigated in RMS. We investigated the effects of CD147 on RMS cell biology and paracrine signaling, specifically its contribution to invasion and metastatic phenotype. CD147 downregulation diminishes RMS cell invasion and inhibits anchorage-independent growth in vitro. While treatment of normal fibroblasts with RMS-derived exosomes results in a significant increase in proliferation, migration, and invasion, these effects are reversed when using exosomes from CD147-downregulated RMS cells. In human RMS tissue, CD147 was expressed exclusively in metastatic tumors. Altogether, our results demonstrate that CD147 contributes to RMS tumor cell aggressiveness, and is involved in modulating the microenvironment through RMS-secreted exosomes. Targeted inhibition of CD147 reduces its expression levels within the isolated exosomes and reduces the capacity of these exosomes to enhance cellular invasive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assil Fahs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon; (A.F.); (F.R.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat 1003, Lebanon; (N.H.); (M.E.H.); (B.B.)
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Nader Hussein
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat 1003, Lebanon; (N.H.); (M.E.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Hasan Zalzali
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (H.Z.); (F.G.)
| | - Farah Ramadan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon; (A.F.); (F.R.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat 1003, Lebanon; (N.H.); (M.E.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Farah Ghamloush
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (H.Z.); (F.G.)
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon;
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud El Homsi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat 1003, Lebanon; (N.H.); (M.E.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Bassam Badran
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science I, Lebanese University, Hadat 1003, Lebanon; (N.H.); (M.E.H.); (B.B.)
| | - Fouad Boulos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Ayman Tawil
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (F.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Sandra E. Ghayad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science II, Lebanese University, Fanar P.O. Box 90656, Lebanon; (A.F.); (F.R.)
- C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260, Aix-Marseille University, CEDEX 5, 13385 Marseille, France
- Correspondence: (S.E.G.); (R.S.); Tel.: +33-491835601 (S.E.G.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4780) (R.S.); Fax: +33-491835602 (S.E.G.); +961-1-377384 (R.S.)
| | - Raya Saab
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon; (H.Z.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.E.G.); (R.S.); Tel.: +33-491835601 (S.E.G.); +961-1-350000 (ext. 4780) (R.S.); Fax: +33-491835602 (S.E.G.); +961-1-377384 (R.S.)
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7
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Li R, Zhu X, Zhou P, Qiao Y, Li Y, Xu Y, Shi X. Generation of a High-Affinity Nanobody Against CD147 for Tumor Targeting and Therapeutic Efficacy Through Conjugating Doxorubicin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852700. [PMID: 35603157 PMCID: PMC9114487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147, a glycosylated transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily, is overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cells and promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Nanobodies, characterized by small sizes, high affinities and specificities, and low immunogenicities, are promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools. However, there are few reports on nanobodies that specifically target CD147. In this work, a specific anti-CD147 nanobody has been successfully identified using phage display technology. The tumor target and antitumor effects have also been detected in different CD147-positive tumors in in vitro and in vivo assays, respectively. Meanwhile, it has a synergistic effect for inhibiting 4T1-bearing mice through conjugating doxorubicin. It may afford new strategies for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Qiao
- Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yinqian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yice Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan, China
| | - Xi Shi
- Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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8
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Angioregulatory role of miRNAs and exosomal miRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112760. [PMID: 35228062 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive cancer of the central nervous system, occurring in the brain or spinal cord. Many factors such as angiogenesis are associated with GB development. Angiogenesis is a procedure by which the pre-existing blood vessels create new vessels that play an essential role in health and disease, including tumors. Also, angiogenesis is one of the significant factors thought to be responsible for treatment resistance in many tumors, including GB. Hence, an improved understanding of the molecular processes underlying GB angiogenesis will pave the way for developing potential new treatments. Recently, it has been found that microRNAs (miRNAs) and exosomal miRNAs have a crucial role in inducing or inhibiting the angiogenesis process in GB development. A better knowledge of the miRNA's regulation pathway in the angiogenesis process in cancer offers unique mechanistic insight into the mechanism of tumor-associated neovascularization. Because of advancements in miRNA characterization and delivery methods, miRNAs can also be employed in clinical settings as potential biomarkers for anti-angiogenic treatment response as well as therapies targeting tumor angiogenesis. The recent finding and insights about miRNAs' angioregulatory role and exosomal miRNAs in GB are provided throughout the review. Also, we discuss the new concept of miRNAs-based therapies for GB in the future.
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Song Y, Bai L, Yan F, Chen C. Inhibition of EMMPRIN by microRNA-124 suppresses the growth, invasion and tumorigenicity of gliomas. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:930. [PMID: 34306199 PMCID: PMC8281370 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miR) are a group of non-coding, small RNAs, 18-20 nucleotides in length, that are frequently involved in the development of a variety of different types of cancer, including glioma, which is a type of severe tumor in the brain. Previous studies reported that miR-124 levels were downregulated in glioma specimens; however, the potential role of miR-124 in glioma currently remains unclear. The present study performed experiments, including dual-luciferase reporter assay (DLRA), MTT assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry, with the aim of elucidating the molecular mechanism of miR-124 in glioma. The results indicated that miR-124 expression was decreased in glioma tissues, accompanied by the increased expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). The expression of EMMPRIN was inhibited by miR-124 transfection. The DLRA results revealed that EMMPRIN directly targets miR-124. Furthermore, upon overexpression of miR-124 in the U87 cells, cell proliferation was significantly inhibited, apoptosis was increased, and cell migration and invasion were decreased. Furthermore, tumor growth was blocked by miR-124 in mice. Based on these results, the present study concluded that miR-124 is critical for amelioration of glioma by targeting EMMPRIN, thereby acting as a tumor suppressor. Thus, miR-124/EMMPRIN constitutes a plausible basis for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shanxi 719000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shanxi 719000, P.R. China
| | - Feiping Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shanxi 719000, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, Shanxi 719000, P.R. China
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10
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Kulyar MFEA, Yao W, Ding Y, Du H, Li K, Zhang L, Li A, Huachun P, Waqas M, Mehmood K, Li J. Cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) expression is linked with thiram induced chondrocyte's apoptosis via Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signalling in tibial growth plate under chlorogenic acid repercussion. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112059. [PMID: 33647747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic disease of young poultry that affects bone andcartilage's growth. It mostly occurs in broilers due to thiram toxicity in the feed. In this disease, tibial cartilage is not yet ripe for ossification, but it also results in lameness, death, and moral convictions of commercial poultry due to numerous apoptotic changes on cell level. These changes serve a cardinal role in this situation. Many potential problems indicate that chlorogenic acid (CGA) performs an extensive role in controlling apoptosis's perception. However, the actual role of CGA in TD affected chondrocytes in-vitro is still unidentified. The current study investigates the imperceptible insight of CGA on chondrocyte's apoptosis via B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated x-protein (Bax), and Caspase-3 with CD147 signalling. The expression of these markers was investigated by Immunofluorescence, western blot analysis, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain (RT-qPCR). Chondrocytes from the growth plate of tibia were isolated, cultured, and processed. A sub-lethal thiram (2.5 μg/mL) was used to induce cytotoxicity and then treated with an optimum dose (40 μg/ mL) of CGA. According to the results, thiram distorted chondrocyte cells with enhanced apoptotic rate. But, in case of CGA, high expression of CD147 enhanced cell viability of chondrocytes, accompanied by downregulation of Bax/Caspase-3 signalling with the upregulation of Bcl-2. The first possibility has ruled out in the present study by the observation that the cells apoptosis marker, Caspase-3 showed a significant change in CD147 overexpressing cells. Conversely, immunodepletion of CD147 with enhanced cleavage of Caspase-3, indicating the activation of apoptosis in chondrocytes cells. Therefore, these findings suggest a novel insight about CD147 in thiram induced TD about the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 apoptosis-signalling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yanmei Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Haitao Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Pan Huachun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, PR China.
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11
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Wang P, Wang Z, Yan Y, Xiao L, Tian W, Qu M, Meng A, Sun F, Li G, Dong J. Psychological Stress Up-Regulates CD147 Expression Through Beta-Arrestin1/ERK to Promote Proliferation and Invasiveness of Glioma Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571181. [PMID: 33178600 PMCID: PMC7593686 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of various malignant tumors, but the underlying mechanisms are not well studied. CD147 has been reported to be expressed in glioma and other malignant tumors. CD147 not only participates in lactic acid transport, but it also plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor cells by stimulating the production of numerous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor by fibroblasts, and could also act as an autocrine factor stimulating MMPs production in metastatic tumor cells. Here, we found that silencing CD147 in chronically stressed nude mice not only inhibited the proliferation of xenografts but also decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2, 9 expression and lactic acid content in tumor tissues. Furthermore, norepinephrine (NE) was significantly increased in the serum of nude mice in glioma stress model. To determine the underlying cellular mechanism, we added exogenous NE into LN229 and U87 cells to simulate the stress environment in vitro. The invasiveness of the glioma cells was subsequently examined using a Matrigel invasion assay. We demonstrated that knockdown of CD147 inhibited glioma invasiveness and metastasis with norepinephrine stimulation. Luciferase reporter gene experiments further demonstrated that the expression of CD147 is up-regulated primarily by norepinephrine via the β-Adrenalin receptor (βAR)-β-arrestin1-ERK1/2-Sp1 pathway. High expression of CD147 promoted the secretion of MMP-2 and the increment of lactic acid, which accelerated the augmented invasion and metastasis of glioma induced by psychological stress. Taken together, these results suggest that psychological stress promotes glioma proliferation and invasiveness by up-regulating CD147 expression. Thus, CD147 might be a potential target site in the treatment of glioma progression induced by chronic psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhenming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yizhi Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenxiu Tian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Central of Translation Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Meihua Qu
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Aixia Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fengxiang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Guizhi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junhong Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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12
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Kuang XY, Ren Y, Chen C, Su J, Li HM, Liu SJ, Sun TJ, Mu DY, Lu J, Chen L, Qu HD, Cui YH, Yu AY, Yao XH. Quantitative analysis for the differences in vasculogenic activity and sensitivity to angiogenic stimulants between human glioma cells and normal endothelial cells. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147082. [PMID: 32866544 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neovascularization is a histological feature of glioma, especially of glioblastoma (GBM), being associated with tumor invasiveness and poor prognosis. However, current anti-angiogenic therapies targeting vascular endothelial cells (ECs), has exhibited poor efficacy in some GBM cases. This may be at least partially attributed to the potential of glioblastoma cells to construct blood supply chain via vasculogenic mimicry or endothelial differentiation. This study aims to explore differences in vasculogenic activity and sensitivity to angiogenic stimulants between normal human ECs and glioma cells of different grades. We found that grade IV U87 GBM cells showed highly inducible vasculogenic activity either in the orthotopic xenograft model or under in vitro angiogenic stimulants as compared with grade II CHG5 glioma cells. The hypoxia mimetic more strongly induced in vitro vasculogenic capacity and endothelial marker expression of U87 GBM cells than the stimulation with multiple proangiogenic growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor). In contrast, proangiogenic effect of hypoxia on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was weaker than on U87 GBM cells. In addition, it was also observed that the in vitro vasculogenic process of U87 cells started later but lasted longer than that of HUVECs. These results demonstrate that when compared with normal ECs, high-grade glioma cells basically possess weaker vasculogenic activity, but exhibit higher sensitivity and longer-lasting response to angiogenic stimulants, especially to hypoxia. This may be helpful to develop novel anti-angiogenic strategies targeting both vascular ECs and vasculogenic glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Kuang
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Yong Ren
- Department of Pathology, Central Theater Command General Hospital, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jun Su
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Hua-Mei Li
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Si-Jia Liu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Tian-Jing Sun
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China
| | - Dong-Yun Mu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Hang-Da Qu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Zunyi Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - You-Hong Cui
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - An-Yong Yu
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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The Combination of CD147 and MMP-9 Serum Levels Is Identified as Novel Chemotherapy Response Markers of Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8085053. [PMID: 32377273 PMCID: PMC7196144 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8085053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the correlation between the changes in serum concentrations of cluster of differentiation-147 (scCD147) and chemotherapy outcome in patients with NSCLC and evaluate the combination of scCD147 with serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (scMMP-9) levels in the prediction of chemotherapy response, eighty-two patients with advanced LC were enrolled. Newly diagnosed cases were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. We measured scCD147 protein levels in LC cases by ELISA and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to analyze the results. Four time points were chosen to examine the association between the changes in scCD147 and chemotherapy outcome: before chemotherapy and 21 days after the start of the first, second, and fourth chemotherapy cycles. We assessed the combination of scCD147 and scMMP-9 serum levels in predicting the chemotherapy response. scCD147 was higher in LC cases than that in healthy volunteers (HVs). scCD147 was associated with distant metastases and TNM stage. scCD147 and scMMP-9 appeared to be independent predictive factors for chemotherapy outcomes after the first and second chemotherapy cycles for patients with NSCLC. Multivariable analysis also demonstrated that variations in scCD147 and scMMP-9 could be independent factors for monitoring chemotherapy outcome for patients with NSCLC. Furthermore, when scCD147 and scMMP-9 are combined into a new risk model, it has a markedly better prediction of chemotherapy outcomes than each protein alone. scCD147 and MMP-9 are potential predictive biomarkers for efficacy, and their combination significantly improves the predictive power for chemotherapy response in patients with NSCLC.
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14
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Zhang Y, Liu J, Sun Y, Yu X, Wang J, Dai D, Zhu Y, Song X, Zhu L, Li X, Xu W. Enhanced glucose metabolism mediated by CD147 is associated with 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging in lung adenocarcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1245-1257. [PMID: 32162491 PMCID: PMC7180588 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most deadly thoracic tumors. Reprogrammed glycolytic metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells and significantly affects several cellular functions. In the current study, we aimed to investigate cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147)‐mediated glucose metabolic regulation in LUAD and its association with 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging. Methods The expression profile and prognostic potential of CD147 in LUAD were analyzed using UALCAN and a Kaplan‐Meier plotter. Tissue immunohistochemical analyses and PET metabolic parameters were used to identify the relationship between CD147 expression and reprogrammed glycolysis. The role of CD147 in glucose metabolic reprogramming was assessed by radioactive uptake of 18F‐FDG through γ‐radioimmunoassays in vitro and micro‐PET/CT imaging in vivo. Western blotting assays were used to determine the expression level of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and MCT4 in established human LUAD cell lines (ie, HCC827 and H1975) with different CD147 expression levels via lentiviral transduction. Results CD147 was highly expressed in LUAD. A significant positive correlation existed between CD147 expression and PET metabolic parameters(SUVmax,SUVmean, SUVpeak). CD147 could promote radioactive uptake of 18F‐FDG in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the ability of CD147 to enhance glycolytic metabolism. Furthermore, as an obligate chaperone for MCT1 and MCT4, CD147 positively correlated with MCT1 and MCT4 expression in LUAD tissues and established cell lines with different CD147 expression. Conclusions Our study revealed that CD147 is a promising novel target for LUAD treatment and CD147‐mediated glucose metabolism demonstrated its contribution to the predictive role of 18F‐FDG PET/CT imaging for targeted therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianjing Liu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunchuan Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hebei Province Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhou Yu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Dai
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjia Zhu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyu Song
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wengui Xu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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15
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Noguera R, Burgos-Panadero R, Gamero-Sandemetrio E, de la Cruz-Merino L, Álvaro Naranjo T. [An integral view of cancer (II). Fields of investigation and emerging biomarkers]. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA : PUBLICACIÓN OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE ANATOMÍA PATOLÓGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE CITOLOGÍA 2019; 52:222-233. [PMID: 31530405 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pathology and clinical oncology work hand in hand so that techniques and treatments, biomarkers and antibodies share the common goal of identifying integral new treatment regimens that are more effective and less aggressive. Evidence shows how tissue mechanics affect carcinogenesis and that tumor heterogeneity depends on metabolic stromal alteration and the Warburg effect of malignant cells, regulated directly by PD-1, becoming a target for immunotherapy. Proliferation and apoptosis depend on mitochondrial dysfunction in tumor cells, determining the grade of chemo/radio-resistance. The status of intestinal microbiota regulates immune response, tumor microenvironment structure and oncologic treatment response, whilst the Vitamin D receptor allows reprogramming of tumor stroma. Current collaboration between basic and clinical research paves the way for future investigation into areas such as tumor microenvironment and molecular mechanotherapy, metabolism and immunotherapy, mitochondria and oncogenesis, microbiota and chemotherapy, psychoneuroendocrine axis and homeostatic imbalance, epigenetics and reprogramming possibilities of the tumor phenotype. We review new prognostic and predictive biomarkers emerging from these fields of knowledge, opening up new therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Noguera
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia/Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias INCLIVA, Valencia, España; CIBERONC, Madrid, España
| | - Rebeca Burgos-Panadero
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia/Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias INCLIVA, Valencia, España; CIBERONC, Madrid, España
| | - Esther Gamero-Sandemetrio
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia/Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias INCLIVA, Valencia, España; CIBERONC, Madrid, España
| | | | - Tomás Álvaro Naranjo
- CIBERONC, Madrid, España; Servicio de Anatomía Patólogica, Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa, Tarragona, España.
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16
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Wang ZF, Liao F, Wu H, Dai J. Glioma stem cells-derived exosomal miR-26a promotes angiogenesis of microvessel endothelial cells in glioma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:201. [PMID: 31101062 PMCID: PMC6525364 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are involved in cancer initiation and metastasis, could potentially release exosomes that mediate cellular communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs). Based on the role of miR-26a in angiogenesis of glioma, our study was performed to investigate whether glioma stem cells (GSCs)-derived exosomes containing miR-26a could exert effects on angiogenesis of microvessel endothelial cells in glioma, in order to provide a new therapeutic RNA vehicle for glioma therapies. METHODS The expression of miR-26a and PTEN in glioma was quantified and the interaction among miR-26a, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was examined. Next, a series of gain- and loss-of function experiments were conducted to determine the role of miR-26a in angiogenesis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). Subsequently, HBMECs were exposed to exosomes derived from GSCs with the gain-/loss-of-function of miR-26a. Finally, the effect of exosomal miR-26a on angiogenesis of HBMECs was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results revealed that PTEN was down-regulated, while miR-26a was up-regulated in glioma. miR-26a activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting PTEN. Restored miR-26a promoted proliferation, migration, tube formation, and angiogenesis of HBMECs in vitro. In addition, GSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-26a contributed to enhanced proliferation and angiogenesis of HBMECs in vitro through inhibition of PTEN. The angiogenic effects of GSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-26a in vivo were consistent with the above-mentioned in vitro findings. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study demonstrates that GSCs-derived exosomal miR-26a promotes angiogenesis of HBMECs, highlighting an angiogenic role of miR-26a via exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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17
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Guo N, Miao R, Gao X, Huang D, Hu Z, Ji N, Nan Y, Jiang F, Gou X. Shikonin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in glioma cells via downregulation of CD147. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4335-4343. [PMID: 30942433 PMCID: PMC6472142 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikonin, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been identified as being capable of inducing apoptosis in various tumors, including glioma, and is thus considered to be a promising therapeutic agent for tumor therapy. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of shikonin in glioma. The present study investigated the influence of shikonin on the proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells U251 and U87MG and explored the potential molecular mechanisms. It was identified that shikonin was able to induce apoptosis in human glioma cells in a time‑ and dose‑dependent manner, and a decreased expression level of cluster of differentiation (CD)147 was observed in shikonin‑treated U251 and U87MG cells. Knockdown of CD147 inhibited U251 and U87MG cell growth, whereas CD147 overexpression enhanced cell growth and decreased shikonin‑induced apoptosis. Additionally, an increased expression level of CD147 suppressed the elevated production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential levels induced by shikonin. The data indicated that shikonin‑induced apoptosis in glioma cells was associated with the downregulation of CD147 and the upregulation of oxidative stress. CD147 may be an optional target of shikonin‑induced cell apoptosis in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Miao
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Second Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710005, P.R. China
| | - Xingchun Gao
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Dong Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Second Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710005, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Naichun Ji
- Department of Sports, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Ying Nan
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Fengliang Jiang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, and Department of Immunology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China
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Zhao S, Wu L, Kuang Y, Su J, Luo Z, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang J, Chen W, Li F, He Y, Tao J, Zhou J, Xu X, Peng C, Chen X. Downregulation of CD147 induces malignant melanoma cell apoptosis via the regulation of IGFBP2 expression. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2397-2408. [PMID: 30272281 PMCID: PMC6203154 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation (CD)147, as a transmembrane glycoprotein, is highly expressed in a variety of tumors. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that CD147 serves critical roles in tumor cell death and survival; however, the underlying mechanism requires further investigation. In the present study, it was revealed that CD147 knockdown significantly increased melanoma cell apoptosis. In addition, downregulation of CD147 reversed the malignant phenotype of melanoma, as demonstrated by the induction of tumor cell apoptosis in a xenograft mouse model. In addition, a human apoptosis antibody array was performed and 9 differentially expressed apoptosis-related proteins associated with CD147 were identified, including insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2). Additionally, CD147 knockdown was observed to significantly decreased IGFBP2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in melanoma cells. Providing that IGFBP2 is a downstream molecule in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, the effects of CD147 on this particular pathway were investigated. Interestingly, the expression of phosphorylated (p)-AKT and p‑mechanistic target of rapamycin was attenuated, whereas PTEN was markedly upregulated in CD147-underexpressing melanoma cells. Furthermore, application of a PI3K‑specific inhibitor also decreased IGFBP2 expression. Importantly, IGFBP2 was highly expressed in clinical tissues of melanoma compared with the control group, and its expression exhibited a positive association with CD147. The present study revealed that CD147 served a critical role in mediating the apoptosis of melanoma cells via IGFBP2 and the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. IGFBP2 and CD147 were observed to be overexpressed in clinical melanoma tissues; IGFBP2 was shown to be positively associated with CD147 expression, suggesting that CD147 may be considered as a potential therapeutic target for chemotherapy or prevention for in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Lisha Wu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008
| | - Yehong Kuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Zhongling Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210042
| | - Jinmao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Jianglin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Wangqing Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Fangfang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Yijing He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery of The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital
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Duan S. Silencing the autophagy-specific gene Beclin-1 contributes to attenuated hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry formation in glioma. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:565-574. [PMID: 29278874 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of Beclin-1 on vasculogenic mimicry (VM) induced by hypoxia in glioma. METHODS CD34-PAS staining was carried out to observe VM formation, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression levels of Beclin-1, HIF-1α, VEGF and MMP2 in 105 patients with primary glioma. Human glioma U87MG cells were divided into Normoxia, Hypoxia, Hypoxia + NC siRNA and Hypoxia + Beclin-1 siRNA groups. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was used to stimulate hypoxic conditions, and a VM tube formation assay was used to detect VM formation. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were used to detect the invasive and migratory abilities of U87MG cells, respectively. Fluorescent LC3 puncta analysis was performed to examine the status of autophagic flux. Expression levels of Beclin-1 and VM-related molecules were determined using real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. RESULTS There were 34 VM-positive cases and 71 VM-negative cases among 105 glioma patients, and VM formation was correlated with pathological grade and the expression of Beclin-1, HIF-1α, VEGF and MMP2. Positive relations were found between Beclin-1 and the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and MMP2. Under hypoxic conditions, significant increases in the total length of tubes, migration rate, invasion cell number and expression of VM-related molecules were found in U87MG cells. Silencing Beclin-1 markedly decreased hypoxia-induced VM formation and the invasive and migratory abilities, together with the expression of VM-related molecules, in U87MG cells and significantly inhibited the autophagic flux. CONCLUSION Silencing Beclin-1 can attenuate hypoxia-induced VM formation and the metastatic ability of U87MG cells and is a potential target for VM inhibition in glioma.
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Antibodies targeting surface membrane antigens in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2017; 130:2889-2899. [PMID: 29138220 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-08-801001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant reflects a complex immune response resulting in chronic damage to multiple tissues. Previous studies indicated that donor B cells and the antibodies they produce play an important role in the development of cGVHD. To understand the pathogenic role of antibodies in cGVHD, we focused our studies on posttransplant production of immunoglobulin G antibodies targeting cell surface antigens expressed in multiple cGVHD affected tissues, due to their potential functional impact on living cells in vivo. Using plate-bound cell membrane proteins as targets, we detected a significantly higher level of antibodies reactive with these membrane antigens in patients who developed cGVHD, compared with those who did not and healthy donors. Plasma-reactive antibody levels increased significantly prior to the clinical diagnosis of cGVHD and were reduced following cGVHD therapies including prednisone, interleukin-2, or extracorporeal photophoresis. Using cell-based immunoprecipitation with plasma from cGVHD patients and mass spectrometry, we identified 43 membrane proteins targeted by these antibodies. The presence of antibodies in cGVHD patients' plasma that specifically target 6 of these proteins was validated. Antibodies reactive with these 6 antigens were more frequently detected in patients with cGVHD compared with patients without cGVHD and healthy donors. These results indicate that antibodies that target membrane antigens of living cells frequently develop in cGVHD patients and further support a role for B cells and antibodies in the development of cGVHD.
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Collateral Damage Intended-Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Vasculature Are Potential Targets in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112355. [PMID: 29112161 PMCID: PMC5713324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After oncogenic transformation, tumor cells rewire their metabolism to obtain sufficient energy and biochemical building blocks for cell proliferation, even under hypoxic conditions. Glucose and glutamine become their major limiting nutritional demands. Instead of being autonomous, tumor cells change their immediate environment not only by their metabolites but also by mediators, such as juxtacrine cell contacts, chemokines and other cytokines. Thus, the tumor cells shape their microenvironment as well as induce resident cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells (ECs), to support them. Fibroblasts differentiate into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which produce a qualitatively and quantitatively different extracellular matrix (ECM). By their contractile power, they exert tensile forces onto this ECM, leading to increased intratumoral pressure. Moreover, along with enhanced cross-linkage of the ECM components, CAFs thus stiffen the ECM. Attracted by tumor cell- and CAF-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ECs sprout from pre-existing blood vessels during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Tumor vessels are distinct from EC-lined vessels, because tumor cells integrate into the endothelium or even mimic and replace it in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) vessels. Not only the VM vessels but also the characteristically malformed EC-lined tumor vessels are typical for tumor tissue and may represent promising targets in cancer therapy.
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