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Liu H, Wang J, Xin X, Wang P, Jiang W, Meng T. The relationship and pathways between resting-state EEG, physical function, and cognitive function in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:463. [PMID: 38802730 PMCID: PMC11129501 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Based on resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) evidence, this study aimed to explore the relationship and pathways between EEG-mediated physical function and cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impairment. METHODS A total of 140 older adults with cognitive impairment were recruited, and data on their physical function, cognitive function, and EEG were collected. Pearson correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance, linear regression analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis were conducted to explore the relationships and pathways among variables. RESULTS FP1 theta (effect size = 0.136, 95% CI: 0.025-0.251) and T4 alpha2 (effect size = 0.140, 95% CI: 0.057-0.249) were found to significantly mediate the relationship. The direct effect (effect size = 0.866, 95% CI: 0.574-1.158) and total effect (effect size = 1.142, 95% CI: 0.848-1.435) of SPPB on MoCA were both significant. CONCLUSION Higher physical function scores in older adults with cognitive impairment were associated with higher cognitive function scores. Left frontal theta and right temporal alpha2, as key observed indicators, may mediate the relationship between physical function and cognitive function. It is suggested to implement personalized exercise interventions based on the specific physical function of older adults, which may delay the occurrence and progression of cognitive impairment in older adults with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Liu
- Physical Education Department of Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Sports and Health of Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance Shanghai, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xin Xin
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Tao Meng
- School of Sports and Health of Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance Shanghai, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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Cao Y, Zhao W, Zhong Y, Jiang X, Mei H, Chang Y, Wu D, Dou J, Vasquez E, Shi X, Yang J, Jia Z, Tan X, Li Q, Dong Y, Xie R, Gao J, Wu Y, Liu Y. Effects of chronic low-level lead (Pb) exposure on cognitive function and hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis: An integrative approach using bioinformatics analysis, machine learning, and experimental validation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170317. [PMID: 38301787 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), a pervasive and ancient toxic heavy metal, continues to pose significant neurological health risks, particularly in regions such as Southeast Asia. While previous research has primarily focused on the adverse effects of acute, high-level lead exposure on neurological systems, studies on the impacts of chronic, low-level exposure are less extensive, especially regarding the precise mechanisms linking ferroptosis - a novel type of neuron cell death - with cognitive impairment. This study aims to explore the potential effects of chronic low-level lead exposure on cognitive function and hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis. This research represents the first comprehensive investigation into the impact of chronic low-level lead exposure on hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis, spanning clinical settings, bioinformatic analyses, and experimental validation. Our findings reveal significant alterations in the expression of genes associated with iron metabolism and Nrf2-dependent ferroptosis following lead exposure, as evidenced by comparing gene expression in the peripheral blood of lead-acid battery workers and workers without lead exposure. Furthermore, our in vitro and in vivo experimental results strongly suggest that lead exposure may precipitate cognitive dysfunction and induce hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis. In conclusion, our study indicates that chronic low-level lead exposure may activate microglia, leading to the promotion of ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsi Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Zhong
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Huiya Mei
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuanjin Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongqin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - JianRui Dou
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yangzhou, Yangzhou, China
| | - Emely Vasquez
- School of Medicine, The City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Xian Shi
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiatao Yang
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhongtang Jia
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaochao Tan
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qian Li
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuying Dong
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yangzhou, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruijin Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ju Gao
- Yangzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Yu Wu
- Lab of Modern Environmental Toxicology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Environment and Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yueying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Chen J, Chen Z, Yu D, Yan Y, Hao X, Zhang M, Zhu T. Neuroprotective Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide Subchronic Treatment Against TBI-Induced Ferroptosis and Cognitive Deficits Mediated Through Wnt Signaling Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4117-4140. [PMID: 37624470 PMCID: PMC10661805 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows that targeting ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating traumatic brain injury (TBI). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been proven to play a neuroprotective role in TBI, but little is known about the effects of H2S on TBI-induced ferroptosis. In addition, it is reported that the Wnt signaling pathway can also actively regulate ferroptosis. However, whether H2S inhibits ferroptosis via the Wnt signaling pathway after TBI remains unclear. In this study, we first found that in addition to alleviating neuronal damage and cognitive impairments, H2S remarkably attenuated abnormal iron accumulation, decreased lipid peroxidation, and improved the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4, demonstrating the potent anti-ferroptosis action of H2S after TBI. Moreover, Wnt3a or liproxstatin-1 treatment obtained similar results, suggesting that activation of the Wnt signaling pathway can render the cells less susceptible to ferroptosis post-TBI. More importantly, XAV939, an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway, almost inversed ferroptosis inactivation and reduction of neuronal loss caused by H2S treatment, substantiating the involvement of the Wnt signaling pathway in anti-ferroptosis effects of H2S. In conclusion, the Wnt signaling pathway might be the critical mechanism in realizing the anti-ferroptosis effects of H2S against TBI. TBI induces ferroptosis-related changes characterized by iron overload, impaired antioxidant system, and lipid peroxidation at the chronic phase after TBI. However, NaHS subchronic treatment reduces the susceptibility to TBI-induced ferroptosis, at least partly by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Pep-Tides, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No.777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhennan Chen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongyu Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufei Yan
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuli Hao
- College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Pep-Tides, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No.777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Xi'an Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Active Pep-Tides, The Affiliated Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, No.777 Xitai Road, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China.
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Abrego-Guandique DM, Bonet ML, Caroleo MC, Cannataro R, Tucci P, Ribot J, Cione E. The Effect of Beta-Carotene on Cognitive Function: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1468. [PMID: 37891835 PMCID: PMC10605009 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
β-carotene is a powerful antioxidant and dietary precursor of vitamin A whose role in maintaining mental health and cognitive performance, either alone or in combination with other dietary compounds, has been a topic of recent research. However, its effectiveness is still unclear. This systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA guideline and assisted by the MySLR platform, addressed this issue. A total of 16 eligible original research articles were identified. Dietary intake or β-carotene serum levels were associated with improved measures of cognitive function in 7 out of 10 epidemiological studies included. In intervention studies, β-carotene consumption alone did not promote better cognitive function in the short term, but only in a long-term intervention with a mean duration of 18 years. However, all but one intervention study suggested the beneficial effects of β-carotene supplementation at doses ranging from 6 mg to 50 mg per day in combination with a multicomplex such as vitamin E, vitamin C, zinc, or selenium for a period of 16 weeks to 20 years. Despite the current limitations, the available evidence suggests a potential association between β-carotene dietary/supplementary intake and the maintenance of cognitive function. The β-carotene most probably does not act alone but in synergy with other micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marisol Abrego-Guandique
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.M.A.-G.); (M.C.C.)
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Bonet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Biotechnology (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.R.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Maria Cristina Caroleo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (D.M.A.-G.); (M.C.C.)
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Roberto Cannataro
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Research Division, Dynamical Business & Science Society, DBSS International SAS, Bogota 110311, Colombia
| | - Paola Tucci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Joan Ribot
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nutrition, and Biotechnology (LBNB), Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain; (M.L.B.); (J.R.)
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Erika Cione
- Galascreen Laboratories, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
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5
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Zhang P, Duan L, Ou Y, Ling Q, Cao L, Qian H, Zhang J, Wang J, Yuan X. The cerebellum and cognitive neural networks. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1197459. [PMID: 37576472 PMCID: PMC10416251 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1197459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function represents a complex neurophysiological capacity of the human brain, encompassing a higher level of neural processing and integration. It is widely acknowledged that the cerebrum plays a commanding role in the regulation of cognitive functions. However, the specific role of the cerebellum in cognitive processes has become a subject of considerable scholarly intrigue. In 1998, Schmahmann first proposed the concept of "cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS)," linking cerebellar damage to cognitive and emotional impairments. Since then, a substantial body of literature has emerged, exploring the role of the cerebellum in cognitive neurological function. The cerebellum's adjacency to the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord suggests that the cerebral-cerebellar network loops play a crucial role in the cerebellum's participation in cognitive neurological functions. In this review, we comprehensively examine the recent literature on the involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive functions from three perspectives: the cytological basis of the cerebellum and its anatomical functions, the cerebellum and cognitive functions, and Crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Our aim is to shed light on the role and mechanisms of the cerebellum in cognitive neurobrain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingshu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Liqin Duan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Ya Ou
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Qirong Ling
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lingyun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Hongchun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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6
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Cure of Alzheimer's Dementia Requires Addressing All of the Affected Brain Cell Types. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052049. [PMID: 36902833 PMCID: PMC10004473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple genetic, metabolic, and environmental abnormalities are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). If all of those abnormalities were addressed it should be possible to reverse the dementia; however, that would require a suffocating volume of drugs. Nevertheless, the problem may be simplified by using available data to address, instead, the brain cells whose functions become changed as a result of the abnormalities, because at least eleven drugs are available from which to formulate a rational therapy to correct those changes. The affected brain cell types are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, endothelial cells/pericytes, and microglia. The available drugs include clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole. This article describes the ways by which the individual cell types contribute to AD's pathogenesis and how each of the drugs corrects the changes in the cell types. All five of the cell types may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD; of the 11 drugs, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, and pioglitazone, each address all five of the cell types. Fingolimod only slightly addresses endothelial cells, and memantine is the weakest of the remaining four. Low doses of either two or three drugs are suggested in order to minimize the likelihood of toxicity and drug-drug interactions (including drugs used for co-morbidities). Suggested two-drug combinations are pioglitazone plus lithium and pioglitazone plus fluoxetine; a three-drug combination could add either clemastine or memantine. Clinical trials are required to validate that the suggest combinations may reverse AD.
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Zhang X, Hou X, Te L, Zhongsheng Z, Jiang J, Wu X. Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes improve cognitive function in the aging brain by promoting neurogenesis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1010562. [PMID: 36329874 PMCID: PMC9623286 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologically speaking, normal aging is a spontaneous and inevitable process of organisms over time. It is a complex natural phenomenon that manifests itself in the form of degenerative changes in structures and the decline of functions, with diminished adaptability and resistance. Brain aging is one of the most critical biological processes that affect the physiological balance between health and disease. Age-related brain dysfunction is a severe health problem that contributes to the current aging society, and so far, there is no good way to slow down aging. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have inflammation-inhibiting and proliferation-promoting functions. At the same time, their secreted exosomes inherit the regulatory and therapeutic procedures of MSCs with small diameters, allowing high-dose injections and improved therapeutic efficiency. This manuscript describes how MSCs and their derived exosomes promote brain neurogenesis and thereby delay aging by improving brain inflammation.
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The Neuroprotection Effects of Exosome in Central Nervous System Injuries: a New Target for Therapeutic Intervention. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7152-7169. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang L, Li Z, Mao L, Wang H. Circular RNA in Acute Central Nervous System Injuries: A New Target for Therapeutic Intervention. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:816182. [PMID: 35392276 PMCID: PMC8981151 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.816182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), are the most common cause of death and disability around the world. As a kind of non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) with endogenous and conserve, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently attracted great attentions due to their functions in diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. A large number of studies have suggested that circRNAs played an important role in brain development and involved in many neurological disorders, particularly in acute CNS injuries. It has been proposed that regulation of circRNAs could improve cognition function, promote angiogenesis, inhibit apoptosis, suppress inflammation, regulate autophagy and protect blood brain barrier (BBB) in acute CNS injuries via different molecules and pathways including microRNA (miRNA), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), ph1osphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), Notch1 and ten-eleven translocation (TET). Therefore, circRNAs showed great promise as potential targets in acute CNS injuries. In this article, we present a review highlighting the roles of circRNAs in acute CNS injuries. Hence, on the basis of these properties and effects, circRNAs may be developed as therapeutic agents for acute CNS injury patients.
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da Silva ABJ, Barros WMA, da Silva ML, Silva JML, Souza APDS, da Silva KG, de Sousa Fernandes MS, Carneiro ACBDF, Souza VDON, Lagranha CJ. Impact of vitamin D on cognitive functions in healthy individuals: A systematic review in randomized controlled clinical trials. Front Psychol 2022; 13:987203. [PMID: 36524160 PMCID: PMC9745323 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various functions in the central nervous system, such as growth, development, and cognition can be influenced by vitamins and minerals, which are capable of helping to maintain brain health and function throughout life. Cognition is understood as the aspects related to knowledge, learning, and understanding, as well as the ability to develop these functions. A possible association between low levels of vit D and deficit in the performance of cognitive functions in healthy humans or with some pathological condition is discussed. Because of this, the present systematic review analyzed only randomized clinical trials carried out in healthy non-athlete adults about intellectual and/or mental processes involving cognitive functions to identify whether these individuals with different levels of vit D are capable of interfering with the performance of the cognitive function. To do so, we adopted the PRISMA method criteria and registered it in the PROSPERO database. The search was performed in PubMed (MEDLINE), PsycINFO, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, 2,167 records were identified. The 5 most frequent cognitive domains in the selected studies were: processing speed, attention, verbal learning/memory, executive function, and general cognitive functions. We found that there are positive changes in the following domains: verbal memory and verbal working memory, learning memory, attention, executive function, and also cognitive function in general. We highlight the following suggestions for improvements that vitamin D supplementation may promote in the cognitive domains of healthy adults: a) low doses between 400 and 600 IU/d seem to be more effective when compared to doses between 2,400 and 5,000 IU/d and b) food fortification and enrichment with vit D, need further studies, as they seem to be more or as effective as synthetic supplementation. We evident that there is a need for trials that evaluate the control of vit D levels for healthy adult individuals is important, as they have the potential to minimize health problems, especially those involved in the reduction of cognitive abilities. Thus, the development of more clinical trials to obtain satisfactory answers on this topic needs to be encouraged. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42021262413.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Januário da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Waleska Maria Almeida Barros
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Mayara Luclécia da Silva
- Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - José Maurício Lucas Silva
- Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia da Silva Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Karollainy Gomes da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Centro Integrado de Tecnologias em Neurociência (CITENC), Centro Universitário Osman Lins (UNIFACOL), Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cláudia Jacques Lagranha
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neuropsiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Laboratorio de Bioquimica Geral, Molecular e do Exercicio-Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV)-UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
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