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Ndukwe ARN, Wiedbrauk S, Boase NRB, Fairfull‐Smith KE. Strategies to Improve the Potency of Oxazolidinones towards Bacterial Biofilms. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200201. [PMID: 35352479 PMCID: PMC9321984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are part of the natural lifecycle of bacteria and are known to cause chronic infections that are difficult to treat. Most antibiotics are developed and tested against bacteria in the planktonic state and are ineffective against bacterial biofilms. The oxazolidinones, including the last resort drug linezolid, are one of the main classes of synthetic antibiotics progressed to clinical use in the last 50 years. They have a unique mechanism of action and only develop low levels of resistance in the clinical setting. With the aim of providing insight into strategies to design more potent antibiotic compounds with activity against bacterial biofilms, we review the biofilm activity of clinically approved oxazolidinones and report on structural modifications to oxazolidinones and their delivery systems which lead to enhanced anti-biofilm activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey R. N. Ndukwe
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Sandra Wiedbrauk
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Fairfull‐Smith
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland4001Australia
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Wassif RK, Elkayal M, Shamma RN, Elkheshen SA. Recent advances in the local antibiotics delivery systems for management of osteomyelitis. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2392-2414. [PMID: 34755579 PMCID: PMC8583938 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1998246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic osteomyelitis is a challenging disease due to its serious rates of mortality and morbidity while the currently available treatment strategies are suboptimal. In contrast to the adopted systemic treatment approaches after surgical debridement in chronic osteomyelitis, local drug delivery systems are receiving great attention in the recent decades. Local drug delivery systems using special carriers have the pros of enhancing the feasibility of penetration of antimicrobial agents to bone tissues, providing sustained release and localized concentrations of the antimicrobial agents in the infected area while avoiding the systemic side effects and toxicity. Most important, the incorporation of osteoinductive and osteoconductive materials in these systems assists bones proliferation and differentiation, hence the generation of new bone materials is enhanced. Some of these systems can also provide mechanical support for the long bones during the healing process. Most important, if the local systems are designed to be injectable to the affected site and biodegradable, they will reduce the level of invasion required for implantation and can win the patients’ compliance and reduce the healing period. They will also allow multiple injections during the course of therapy to guard against the side effect of the long-term systemic therapy. The current review presents different available approaches for delivering antimicrobial agents for the treatment of osteomyelitis focusing on the recent advances in researches for local delivery of antibiotics.HIGHLIGHTS Chronic osteomyelitis is a challenging disease due to its serious mortality and morbidity rates and limited effective treatment options. Local drug delivery systems are receiving great attention in the recent decades. Osteoinductive and osteoconductive materials in the local systems assists bones proliferation and differentiation Local systems can be designed to provide mechanical support for the long bones during the healing process. Designing the local system to be injectable to the affected site and biodegradable will reduces the level of invasion and win the patients’ compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Khaled Wassif
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Elkayal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Nabil Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham A Elkheshen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yunde A, Inage K, Orita S, Yamauchi K, Suzuki M, Sakuma Y, Kubota G, Oikawa Y, Sainoh T, Sato J, Fujimoto K, Shiga Y, Abe K, Kanamoto H, Suzuki T, Takahashi K, Ohtori S. Effective treatment of post-spinal fusion methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus vertebral osteomyelitis with linezolid in a renal-transplant patient. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:708. [PMID: 26602090 PMCID: PMC4657339 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1694-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-caused pyogenic spondylitis is a serious complication associated with lumbar fusion surgery. Often, anti-MRSA drugs are not used properly or patients discontinue drug use because of side effects including renal failure. Case presentation We report a case at our hospital of a 54-year-old male renal-transplant patient who developed MRSA vertebral osteomyelitis after spinal fusion and was treated effectively with linezolid. After diagnosis of post–fusion surgery osteomyelitis, we conducted emergency flushing and debridement and began linezolid treatment (1200 mg/day, divided) immediately after the surgery. The level of C-reactive protein gradually decreased and became negative 4 weeks after the initiation of linezolid treatment. Serum creatinine level was approximately 1.3 mg/dL throughout the treatment period, indicating no deterioration in renal function. Conclusion These results suggest that early flushing and debridement together with linezolid administration is an effective treatment for MRSA vertebral osteomyelitis in renal-transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Yunde
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Inage
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Sumihisa Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kazuyo Yamauchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Miyako Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Sakuma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Go Kubota
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Oikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Sainoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Jun Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Fujimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Shiga
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Koki Abe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Hirohito Kanamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Takane Suzuki
- Department of Bioenvironmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Seiji Ohtori
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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Weber CG, Mueller M, Vandecandelaere N, Trick I, Burger-Kentischer A, Maucher T, Drouet C. Enzyme-functionalized biomimetic apatites: concept and perspectives in view of innovative medical approaches. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:595-606. [PMID: 24258399 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic nanocrystalline calcium-deficient apatite compounds are particularly attractive for the setup of bioactive bone-repair scaffolds due to their high similarity to bone mineral in terms of chemical composition, structural and substructural features. As such, along with the increasingly appealing development of moderate temperature engineered routes for sample processing, they have widened the armamentarium of orthopedic and maxillofacial surgeons in the field of bone tissue engineering. This was made possible by exploiting the exceptional surface reactivity of biomimetic apatite nanocrystals, capable of easily exchanging ions or adsorbing (bio)molecules, thus leading to highly-versatile drug delivery systems. In this contribution we focus on the preparation of hybrid materials combining biomimetic nanocrystalline apatites and enzymes (lysozyme and subtilisin). This paper reports physico-chemical data as well as cytotoxicity evaluations towards Cal-72 osteoblast-like cells and finally antimicrobial assessments towards selected strains of interest in bone surgery. Biomimetic apatite/enzyme hybrids could be prepared in varying buffers. They were found to be non-cytotoxic toward osteoblastic cells and the enzymes retained their biological activity (e.g. bond cleavage or antibacterial properties) despite the immobilization and drying processes. Release properties were also examined. Beyond these illustrative examples, the concept of biomimetic apatites functionalized with enzymes is thus shown to be useable in practice, e.g. for antimicrobial purposes, thus widening possible therapeutic perspectives.
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Kaur S, Harjai K, Chhibber S. Local delivery of linezolid from poly-D,L-lactide (PDLLA)-linezolid-coated orthopaedic implants to prevent MRSA mediated post-arthroplasty infections. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 79:387-92. [PMID: 24809862 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the use of linezolid as local delivery agent for direct administration of the drug at the orthopaedic implant site. Local drug delivery system with linezolid added to the Poly D, L-(Lactide) polymer solution was used to coat the orthopaedic grade K-wires. Bacterial adherence on K-wires was then determined to evaluate the effect of the coated drug on the adherence of MRSA. A significant decrease in bacterial adherence as compared to naked wires was observed on all the coated K-wires (2.5, 5 and 10% w/w linezolid coated) with maximum decrease of 60%. This represents an aggressive early approach to prevent initial adherence of bacterial population. With the rise in MRSA mediated orthopaedic device related infections, the use of linezolid loaded polymer coated implants is definitely an attractive strategy against drug resistant strains of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sanjay Chhibber
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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