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Wang W, Zhou Z, Ding T, Feng S, Liu H, Liu M, Ge S. Capsaicin attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis-suppressed osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells via regulating mitochondrial function and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:798-811. [PMID: 38699845 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Prevention of periodontal bone resorption triggered by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is crucial for dental stability. Capsaicin, known as the pungent ingredient of chili peppers, can activate key signaling molecules involved in osteogenic process. However, the effect of capsaicin on osteogenesis of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under inflammation remains elusive. METHODS P. gingivalis culture suspension was added to mimic the inflammatory status after capsaicin pretreatment. The effects of capsaicin on the osteogenesis of PDLSCs, as well as mitochondrial morphology, Ca2+ level, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and osteogenesis-regulated protein expression levels were analyzed. Furthermore, a mouse experimental periodontitis model was established to evaluate the effect of capsaicin on alveolar bone resorption and the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins. RESULTS Under P. gingivalis stimulation, capsaicin increased osteogenesis of PDLSCs. Not surprisingly, capsaicin rescued the damage to mitochondrial morphology, decreased the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ and ROS, enhanced MMP and activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. The in vivo results showed that capsaicin significantly attenuated alveolar bone loss and augmented the expression of bone associated proteins. CONCLUSION Capsaicin increases osteogenesis of PDLSCs under inflammation and reduces alveolar bone resorption in mouse experimental periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Wang
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhou
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Ding
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Susu Feng
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology & Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Nadaf R, Kumbar VM, Ghagane S. Unravelling the intricacies of Porphyromonas gingivalis: virulence factors, lifecycle dynamics and phytochemical interventions for periodontal disease management. APMIS 2024. [PMID: 39030947 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium recognized for its pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. This review covers an overview of the virulence factors and lifecycle stages of P. gingivalis, with a specific focus on attachment and colonization, biofilm formation, growth and multiplication, dormancy survival and dissemination. Additionally, we explore the significance of inter-bacterial cross-feeding within biofilms. Furthermore, we discuss potential phytochemical-based strategies to target P. gingivalis, including the use of curcumin, apigenin, quercetin and resveratrol. Understanding the virulence factors and lifecycle stages of P. gingivalis, along with the promising phytochemical-based interventions, holds promise for advancing strategies in periodontal disease management and oral health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubeen Nadaf
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijay M Kumbar
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Shridhar Ghagane
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education (KLE University), Belagavi, Karnataka, India
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Santos EA, Silva JL, Leocádio PCL, Andrade MER, Queiroz-Junior CM, Oliveira NSS, Alves JL, Oliveira JS, Aguilar EC, Boujour K, Cogliati B, Cardoso VN, Fernandes SO, Faria AMC, Alvarez-Leite JI. Cutaneous Application of Capsaicin Cream Reduces Clinical Signs of Experimental Colitis and Repairs Intestinal Barrier Integrity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Tight Junction Proteins. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2143-2153. [PMID: 39022369 PMCID: PMC11249629 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Capsaicin, a pungent compound in chili peppers, is described as having potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. It is also described as a potential modulator of the immune system and intestinal microbiota. Oral or rectal administration of capsaicin has been studied to treat or prevent colitis. However, those vias are often not well accepted due to the burning sensation that capsaicin can cause. Our objective was to evaluate whether the application of capsaicin skin creams (0.075%) would be effective in improving inflammation and epithelial barrier function as well as the composition of the gut microbiota in a model of mild colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (1.5%). The results showed that the cutaneous application of capsaicin reversed weight loss and decreased colon shortening and diarrhea, all typical signs of colitis. There was also an improvement in the intestinal epithelial barrier, preserving proteins from tight junctions. We also evaluated the biodistribution of 99mtechnetium-radiolabeled capsaicin (99mTc-CAPS) applied to the back skin of the animals. We found significant concentrations of 99 mTc-Cap in the colon and small intestine after 2 and 4 h of administration. In addition, there was an increased expression of capsaicin receptor TRPV1 in the colon. Moreover, animals with colitis receiving cutaneous capsaicin presented a better short-chain fatty acid profile and increased levels of SIgA, suggesting increased microbiota diversity. In conclusion, our work opens avenues for further studies to better understand capsaicin's potential benefits and mechanisms in addressing colitis through cutaneous application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elandia A. Santos
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Janayne L. Silva
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Paola C. L. Leocádio
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia R. Andrade
- Departamento
de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Celso M. Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento
de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas—(UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Nathan S. S. Oliveira
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Juliana L. Alves
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jamil S. Oliveira
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Edenil C. Aguilar
- Icahn School
of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New
York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Kennedy Boujour
- Departamento
de Patologia Animal, Universidade de São
Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- Department
of Cellular Biology and Infection, Unity of Biochemistry Membrane
and Transport, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75724, France
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Departamento
de Patologia Animal, Universidade de São
Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Valbert N. Cardoso
- Departamento
de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone Odilia
A. Fernandes
- Departamento
de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria C. Faria
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite
- Departamento
de Bioquímica e Imunologia—Instituto de Ciências
Biológicas, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
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He J, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Li D, Xu Q. FTO regulates osteoclast development by modulating the proliferation and apoptosis of osteoclast precursors in inflammatory conditions. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111098. [PMID: 38365111 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory disease that causes alveolar bone destruction by activating osteoclast. FTO, a crucial demethylase of N6-methyladenosine(m6A), exerts essential function in maintaining bone homeostasis. However, the effects of FTO on periodontitis-related bone destruction remain unknown. To investigate its role in inflammatory osteoclastogenesis, we overexpressed FTO in osteoclast precursor cells; RNA-seq revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA damage response and apoptosis in FTO overexpression cells during RANKL and LPS-stimulated osteoclast differentiation. FTO overexpression upregulated the expression of S phase-related proteins (Cyclin A2, CDK2), and decreased the expression of DNA damage related proteins in osteoclast precursor cells. FTO promoted cell proliferation demonstrated by EdU and CCK8 assay, and reduced apoptotic rate and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in osteoclast precursor cell. Conversely, FTO inhibitor FB23-2 produced the reverse effect. Mechanistically, FTO overexpression promoted the stability of CyclinA2 and CDK2 mRNA. These results were consistent in m6A binding protein YTHDF2 knockdown cells. Moreover, FB23-2 suppressed osteoclast-related gene expression, osteoclast formation and bone resorption ability. Treatment of FB23-2 reduced the alveolar bone loss in mice of experimental periodontitis. Collectively, our findings revealed that FTO enhanced the mRNA stability and expression of Cyclin A2, CDK2 in a YTHDF2-dependent manner in osteoclast precursor cells, promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. FB23-2 reduced the formation of osteoclasts, resulted in alleviating the bone destruction in periodontitis mice. These findings indicated that FTO might be the potential target of the treatment of bone loss in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin He
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Yiqing Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Zhanqi Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Di Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
| | - Qiong Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China; Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
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Ge J, Zhang J, Wang X, Bai Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tu T, Qin X, Su X, Luo H, Yao B, Huang H. Production of capsaicinoid nonivamide from plant oil and vanillylamine via whole-cell biotransformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129883. [PMID: 37871741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicinoids are mostly derived from chili peppers and have widespread applications in food, feed, and pharmacology. Compared with plant extraction, the use of microbial cell factories for capsaicinoids production is considered as a more efficient approach. Here, the biotransformation of renewable plant oil and vanillylamine into capsaicinoid nonivamide was investigated. Nonivamide biosynthesis using nonanoic acid and vanillylamine as substrates was achieved in Escherichia coli by heterologous expression of genes encoding amide-forming N-acyltransferase and CoA-ligase. Through increasing nonanoic acid tolerance of chassis cell, screening key enzymes involved in nonivamide biosynthesis and optimizing biotransformation conditions, the nonivamide titer reached 0.5 g/L. By further integrating a route for conversion of oleic acid to nonanoic acid, nonivamide biosynthesis was finally achieved using olive oil and vanillylamine as substrates, yielding a titer of approximately 10.7 mg/L. Results from this study provide valuable information for constructing highly efficient cell factories for the production of capsaicinoid compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Behbehani JM, Irshad M, Shreaz S, Karched M. Anticandidal Activity of Capsaicin and Its Effect on Ergosterol Biosynthesis and Membrane Integrity of Candida albicans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021046. [PMID: 36674560 PMCID: PMC9860720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral candidiasis is an infection of the oral cavity commonly caused by Candida albicans. Endodontic treatment failure has also been found to be persistent from C. albicans in the root canal system. Despite the availability of antifungal drugs, the management of Candida oral infection is difficult as it exhibits resistance to a different class of antifungal drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to discover new antifungal compounds to cure fungal infections. This study aimed to examine the antifungal susceptibility of Capsaicin, an active compound of chili pepper. The susceptibility of Capsaicin and Fluconazole was tested against the Candida species by the CLSI (M27-A3) method. The effect of Capsaicin on the fungal cell wall was examined by the ergosterol inhibitory assay and observed by the scanning electron micrograph. The MIC range of Capsaicin against Candida isolates from oral (n = 30), endodontic (n = 8), and ATCC strains (n = 2) was 12.5−50 µg/mL. The MIC range of Fluconazole (128- 4 µg/mL) significantly decreased (2- to 4-fold) after the combination with Capsaicin (MIC/4) (p < 0.05). Capsaicin (at MIC) significantly reduced the mature biofilm of C. albicans by 70 to 89% (p < 0.01). The ergosterol content of the cell wall decreased significantly with the increase in the Capsaicin dose (p < 0.01). Capsaicin showed high sensitivity against the hyphae formation and demonstrated a more than 71% reduction in mature biofilm. A fluorescence microscopy revealed the membrane disruption of Capsaicin-treated C. albicans cells, whereas a micrograph of electron microscopy showed the distorted cells’ shape, ruptured cell walls, and shrinkage of cells after the release of intracellular content. The results conclude that Capsaicin had a potential antifungal activity that inhibits the ergosterol biosynthesis in the cell wall, and therefore, the cells’ structure and integrity were disrupted. More importantly, Capsaicin synergistically enhanced the Fluconazole antifungal activity, and the synergistic effect might be helpful in the prevention of Fluconazole resistance development and reduced drug-dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad M. Behbehani
- Department of Restorative Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Mohammad Irshad
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Sheikh Shreaz
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
| | - Maribasappa Karched
- Department of Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13060, Kuwait
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +965-25326049
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Antimicrobial, Antivirulence, and Antiparasitic Potential of Capsicum chinense Jacq. Extracts and Their Isolated Compound Capsaicin. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091154. [PMID: 36139934 PMCID: PMC9495104 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections increase morbimortality rates and hospital costs. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of the crude extract from the seeds and peel of the pepper Capsicum chinense Jacq. and of the isolated compound capsaicin and to evaluate their ability to inhibit biofilm formation, eradicate biofilm, and reduce hemolysin production by Candida species. The crude ethanolic and hexane extracts were obtained by maceration at room temperature, and their chemical compositions were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The antimicrobial activity of the samples was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration. Inhibition of biofilm formation and biofilm eradication by the samples were evaluated based on biomass and cell viability. Reduction of Candida spp. hemolytic activity by the samples was determined on sheep blood agar plates. The antiparasitic action of the samples was evaluated by determining their ability to inhibit Toxoplasma gondii intracellular proliferation. LC–MS-ESI analyses helped to identify organic and phenolic acids, flavonoids, capsaicinoids, and fatty acids in the ethanolic extracts, as well as capsaicinoids and fatty acids in the hexane extracts. Antifungal action was more evident against C. glabrata and C. tropicalis. The samples inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated the biofilm formed by C. tropicalis more effectively. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of the samples significantly reduced the C. glabrata and C. tropicalis hemolytic activity. The samples only altered host cell viability when tested at higher concentrations; however, at non-toxic concentrations, they reduced T. gondii growth. In association with gold standard drugs used to treat toxoplasmosis, capsaicin improved their antiparasitic activity. These results are unprecedented and encouraging, indicating the Capsicum chinense Jacq. peel and seed extracts and capsaicin display antifungal and antiparasitic activities.
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Wang X, Yang J, Jiang X, Yu L. Preparation and Properties of Environmentally Friendly Marine Antifouling Coatings Based on a Collaborative Strategy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:6676-6689. [PMID: 35579564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-term and green marine antifouling coatings are an important means to prolong the service life of ships and other marine instruments and equipment. To accomplish this, we prepared three new green and high-efficiency antifouling coatings containing phthalimide derivatives inspired by capsaicin (PDIC-AC) by using a collaborative strategy that incorporates self-polishing, fouling repelling, and antifouling properties. Static simulation tests confirmed that the zinc acrylate resin of the PDIC-AC has excellent self-polishing properties due to changes in the roughness, surface free energy, and mass loss. Antifouling tests demonstrated that both PDIC and PDIC-AC possess efficient antibacterial and anti-algal effects. Moreover, marine field tests showed that the PDIC-AC are highly antifouling for at least 9 months, and their antifouling effect is similar to that of an antifouling coating with chlorothalonil (CT-AC). The collaborative strategy in this study can be used to research and develop long-term environmentally friendly antifouling coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266100, China
- Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
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Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of the capsaicinoid nonivamide. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:106. [PMID: 35643562 PMCID: PMC9148506 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Capsaicinoids are produced by plants in the Capsicum genus and are the main reason for the pungency of chili pepper fruits. They are strong agonists of TRPV1 (the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1) and used as active ingredients in pharmaceuticals for the treatment of pain. The use of bioengineered microorganisms in a fermentation process may be an efficient route for their preparation, as well as for the discovery of (bio-)synthetic capsaicinoids with improved or novel bioactivities. Results Saccharomyces cerevisiae was engineered to over-express a selection of amide-forming N-acyltransferase and CoA-ligase enzyme cascades using a combinatorial gene assembly method, and was screened for nonivamide production from supplemented vanillylamine and nonanoic acid. Data from this work demonstrate that Tyramine N-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase from Capsicum annuum (CaAT) was most efficient for nonivamide formation in yeast, outcompeting the other candidates including AT3 (Pun1) from Capsicum spp. The CoA-ligase partner with highest activity from the ones evaluated here were from Petunia hybrida (PhCL) and Spingomonas sp. Ibu-2 (IpfF). A yeast strain expressing CaAT and IpfF produced 10.6 mg L−1 nonivamide in a controlled bioreactor setup, demonstrating nonivamide biosynthesis by S. cerevisiae for the first time. Conclusions Baker’s yeast was engineered for production of nonivamide as a model capsaicinoid, by expressing N-acyltransferases and CoA-ligases of plant and bacterial origin. The constructed yeast platform holds potential for in vivo biocatalytic formation of capsaicinoids and could be a useful tool for the discovery of novel drugs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01831-3.
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Taranu I, Marin D, Pistol G, Untea A, Vlassa M, Filip M, Gras M, Rotar C, Anghel A. Assessment of the ability of dietary yeast-fermented rapeseed
meal to modulate inflammatory and oxidative stress
in piglets after weaning. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/148055/2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Chen YS, Lian YZ, Chen WC, Chang CC, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Chao JCJ. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides and Capsaicin Inhibit Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Responses, and Pain Signaling in Rats with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052423. [PMID: 35269566 PMCID: PMC8910612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease with chronic relapsing symptoms. This study investigated the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) and capsaicin (CAP) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC rats. Rats were divided into normal, DSS-induced UC, and UC treated with 100 mg LBP/kg bw, 12 mg CAP/kg bw, or 50 mg LBP/kg bw and 6 mg CAP/kg bw. Rats were fed LBP or CAP orally by gavage for 4 weeks, and UC model was established by feeding 5% DSS in drinking water for 6 days during week 3. Oral CAP and mixture significantly reduced disease activity index. Oral LBP significantly decreased serum malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-6, colonic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels, and protein expression of transient receptor potential cation channel V1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), but increased serum catalase activity. Oral CAP significantly suppressed serum IL-6, colonic TRPV1 and TRPA1 protein expression, but elevated IL-10 levels, serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The mixture of LBP and CAP significantly reduced serum IL-6, colonic TNF-α and TRPA1 protein. In conclusion, administration of LBP and/or CAP attenuate DSS-induced UC symptoms through inhibiting oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokines, and protein expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (Y.-S.C.); (Y.Z.L.)
- Department of Dietetics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Yu Zhi Lian
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (Y.-S.C.); (Y.Z.L.)
| | - Wen-Chao Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Alexey A. Tinkov
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2–4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.T.); (A.V.S.)
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Pobedy Avenue, 13, 460018 Orenburg, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Skalny
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2–4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119435 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.T.); (A.V.S.)
- Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Pobedy Avenue, 13, 460018 Orenburg, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Yanvarya Street, 29, 460000 Orenburg, Russia
| | - Jane C.-J. Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan; (Y.-S.C.); (Y.Z.L.)
- Master Program in Global Health and Development, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6548); Fax: +886-2-2737-3112
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12
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Capsaicin mimic-polyethyleneimine crosslinked antifouling loose nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Guo T, Li M, Sun X, Wang Y, Yang L, Jiao H, Li G. Synergistic Activity of Capsaicin and Colistin Against Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: In Vitro/Vivo Efficacy and Mode of Action. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:744494. [PMID: 34603057 PMCID: PMC8484878 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.744494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen predominantly associated with nosocomial infections. With emerging resistance against polymyxins, synergistic combinations of drugs are being investigated as a new therapeutic approach. Capsaicin is a common constituent of the human diet and is widely used in traditional alternative medicines. The present study evaluated the antibacterial activities of capsaicin in combination with colistin against three unrelated colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains in vitro and in vivo, and then further studied their synergistic mechanisms. Using the checkerboard technique and time-kill assays, capsaicin and colistin showed a synergistic effect on colistin-resistant A. baumannii. A mouse bacteremia model confirmed the in vivo effects of capsaicin and colistin. Mechanistic studies shown that capsaicin can inhibit the biofilm formation of both colistin-resistant and non-resistant A. baumannii. In addition, capsaicin decreased the production of intracellular ATP and disrupted the outer membrane of A. baumannii. In summary, the synergy between these drugs may enable a lower concentration of colistin to be used to treat A. baumannii infection, thereby reducing the dose-dependent side effects. Hence, capsaicin–colistin combination therapy may offer a new treatment option for the control of A. baumannii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Guo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengying Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liying Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Jiao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guocai Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, China
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14
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Santos CA, Lima EMF, Franco BDGDM, Pinto UM. Exploring Phenolic Compounds as Quorum Sensing Inhibitors in Foodborne Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:735931. [PMID: 34594318 PMCID: PMC8477669 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.735931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria stimulates the search for new substitutes to traditional antimicrobial agents, especially molecules with antivirulence properties, such as those that interfere with quorum sensing (QS). This study aimed to evaluate the potential of phenolic compounds for QS inhibition in a QS biosensor strain (Chromobacterium violaceum) and three foodborne bacterial species (Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo, and Serratia marcescens). Initially, an in silico molecular docking study was performed to select the compounds with the greatest potential for QS inhibition, using structural variants of the CviR QS regulator of C. violaceum as target. Curcumin, capsaicin, resveratrol, gallic acid, and phloridizin presented good affinity to at least four CviR structural variants. These phenolic compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity, inhibition of biofilm formation, and anti-QS activity. The antimicrobial activity when combined with kanamycin was also assessed. Curcumin, capsaicin, and resveratrol inhibited up to 50% of violacein production by C. violaceum. Biofilm formation was inhibited by resveratrol up to 80% in A. hydrophila, by capsaicin and curcumin up to 40% in S. Montevideo and by resveratrol and capsaicin up to 60% in S. marcescens. Curcumin completely inhibited swarming motility in S. marcescens. Additionally, curcumin and resveratrol increased the sensitivity of the tested bacteria to kanamycin. These results indicate that curcumin and resveratrol at concentrations as low as 6μM are potential quorum sensing inhibitors besides having antimicrobial properties at higher concentrations, encouraging applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Uelinton Manoel Pinto
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Food Research Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Liu SJ, Wang J, He TF, Liu HS, Piao XS. Effects of natural capsicum extract on growth performance, nutrient utilization, antioxidant status, immune function, and meat quality in broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101301. [PMID: 34273651 PMCID: PMC8313837 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the effects of natural capsaicin extract (NCE) as an alternative to the antibiotic (chlortetracycline, CTC) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune function, and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 168 one-day-old Arbor Acre male broiler chickens with an average weight of 46.4 ± 0.6 g were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments, with 7 replicates per treatment and 8 broilers per pen. These 3 dietary treatments included a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON), a basal diet + 75 mg/kg CTC (CTC), and a basal diet + 80 mg/kg NCE (NCE). Broilers from the NCE group showed higher average daily gain compared to broilers from the CON group at all stages (P < 0.05). On d 42, NCE supplementation improved dietary nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy compared to nonsupplemented or CTC-supplemented diets (P < 0.05). The digestibility of organic matter and crude protein were higher in the NCE diet than in the CON or CTC diets (P < 0.05). Higher relative weight of bursa of Fabricius was observed in broilers fed NCE diets compared with CON (P < 0.05). Pancreatic trypsin and lipase activities were significantly increased in the NCE group compared with those in the CON group (P < 0.05). The value of lightness (L*) of breast muscles from broilers fed NCE diets was significantly lower compared to those fed CON diets (P < 0.05). Broilers fed NCE diets also had higher levels of serum total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and lower levels of interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α compared with broilers fed CON diets (P < 0.05). The liver catalase activity of broilers was also significantly increased in the NCE group than the CON group (P < 0.05). In addition, broilers from NCE group had lower concentrations of serum urea-N, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total cholesterol, and higher concentration of growth hormone compared with those from the CON group (P < 0.05). Therefore, we concluded that supplementation of 80 mg/kg of NCE in diets could improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidant status, immune function, and meat quality in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - T F He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - H S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - X S Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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16
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Füchtbauer S, Mousavi S, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Antibacterial properties of capsaicin and its derivatives and their potential to fight antibiotic resistance - A literature survey. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2021; 11:10-17. [PMID: 33764892 PMCID: PMC8042654 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2021.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is endangering public health globally and gives reason for constant fear of virtually intractable bacterial infections. Given a limitation of novel antibiotic classes brought to market in perspective, it is indispensable to explore novel, antibiotics-independent ways to fight bacterial infections. In consequence, the antibacterial properties of natural compounds have gained increasing attention in pharmacological sciences. We here performed a literature survey regarding the antibacterial effects of capsaicin and its derivatives constituting natural compounds of chili peppers. The studies included revealed that the compounds under investigation exerted i.) both direct and indirect antibacterial properties in vitro depending on the applied concentrations and the bacterial strains under investigation; ii.) synergistic antibacterial effects in combination with defined antibiotics; iii.) resistance-modification via inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps; iv.) attenuation of bacterial virulence factor expression; and v.) dampening of pathogen-induced immunopathological responses. In conclusion, capsaicin and its derivatives comprise promising antimicrobial molecules which could complement or replace antibiotic treatment strategies to fight bacterial infections. However, a solid basis for subsequent clinical trials requires future investigations to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and in particular pharmaceutical evaluations in animal infection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Füchtbauer
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Goci E, Haloci E, Di Stefano A, Chiavaroli A, Angelini P, Miha A, Cacciatore I, Marinelli L. Evaluation of In Vitro Capsaicin Release and Antimicrobial Properties of Topical Pharmaceutical Formulation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030432. [PMID: 33804191 PMCID: PMC8001808 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Capsaicin is the main capsaicinoid of the Capsicum genus and it is responsible for the pungent taste. Medical uses of the fruits of chili peppers date from the ancient time until nowadays. Most of all, they are used topically as analgesic in anti-inflammatory diseases as rheumatism, arthritis and in diabetic neuropathy. Reports state that the Capsicum genus, among other plant genera, is a good source of antimicrobial and antifungal compounds. The aim of this study was the preparation of a pharmaceutical Carbopol-based formulation containing capsaicin and the evaluation of its in vitro release and antimicrobial and antifungal properties. (2) Methods: It was first stabilized with an extraction method from the Capsicum annuum fruits with 98% ethanol and then the identification and determination of Capsaicin in this extract was realized by HPLC. (3) Results and Conclusions: Rheological analyses revealed that the selected formulation exhibited a pseudo-plastic behavior. In vitro release studies of capsaicin from a Carbopol-based formulation reported that approximately 50% of capsaicin was release within 52 h. Additionally, the Carbopol-based formulation significantly increased the antimicrobial effects of capsaicin towards all tested bacteria and fungi strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkelejda Goci
- Pharmacotherapeutic Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Aldent University, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
- Correspondence:
| | - Entela Haloci
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Paola Angelini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Ajkuna Miha
- Pharmacotherapeutic Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Aldent University, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (L.M.)
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (A.D.S.); (A.C.); (I.C.); (L.M.)
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18
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Long S, Liu S, Wang J, Mahfuz S, Piao X. Natural capsicum extract replacing chlortetracycline enhances performance via improving digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory function, and gut health in weaned pigs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:305-314. [PMID: 34258418 PMCID: PMC8245799 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of natural capsicum extract (NCE, containing 2% natural capsaicin, the rest is carrier) replacing chlortetracycline (CTC) on performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, inflammatory cytokines, and gut health in weaned pigs. A total of 108 weaned pigs (Duroc × [Landrace × Yorkshire], initial body weight = 8.68 ± 1.34 kg; weaned on d 28) were randomly allotted into 3 treatments with 6 replicate pens per treatment (3 barrows and 3 gilts per pen). The treatments include a corn-soybean meal basal diet as a control group (CON), a CTC group (basal diet + CTC at 75 mg/kg), and a NCE group (basal diet + NEC at 80 mg/kg). Compared with CON and CTC, NCE had increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain in phase 2 (d 15 to 28) and overall (d 1 to 28), and higher (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy, dry matter, crude protein, and organic matter in phase 1 (d 1 to 14). These pigs also had increased (P < 0.05) pancrelipase activity in pancreas, α-amylase, lipase and protease activities in the jejunal mucosa, and lipase activity in the ileal mucosa on d 28. Moreover, NCE had increased (P < 0.05) the contents of growth hormone, β-endorphin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase, catalase, and IL-10, as well as decreased (P < 0.05) contents of malondialdehyde, tumor nuclear factor-α, interferon-γ, and interleukin-6 in serum on d 28 compared with CON and CTC. NCE showed higher (P < 0.05) propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) contents, and increased (P < 0.05) relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in colon, as well as higher (P < 0.05) propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids in cecum on d 28 compared with CON. In conclusion, NCE replacing CTC could enhance performance via improving digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammatory function, gut VFA composition and microbiota community in weaned pigs, and it could be used as a potential target for the development of feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenfei Long
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Sujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shad Mahfuz
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangshu Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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19
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Wang F, Xue Y, Fu L, Wang Y, He M, Zhao L, Liao X. Extraction, purification, bioactivity and pharmacological effects of capsaicin: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5322-5348. [PMID: 33591238 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1884840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a well-known vanilloid, which is the main spicy component in chili peppers, showing several biological activities and the potential applications range from food flavorings to therapeutics. Traditional extraction of capsaicin by organic solvents was time-consuming, some new methods such as aqueous two-phase method and ionic liquid extraction method have been developed. During past few decades, an ample variety of biological effects of capsaicin have been evaluated. Capsaicin can be used in biofilms and antifouling coatings due to its antimicrobial activity, allowing it has a promising application in food packaging, food preservation, marine environment and dental therapy. Capsaicin also play a crucial role in metabolic disorders, including weight loss, pressure lowing and insulin reduction effects. In addition, capsaicin was identified effective on preventing human cancers, such as lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation of tumor cells. Previous research also suggest the positive effects of capsaicin on pain relief and cognitive impairment. Capsaicin, the agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), could selectively activate TRPV1, inducing Ca2+ influx and related signaling pathways. Recently, gut microbiota was also involved in some diseases therapeutics, but its influence on the effects of capsaicin still need to be deeply studied. In this review, different extraction and purification methods of capsaicin, its biological activities and pharmacological effects were systematically summarized, as well as the possible mechanisms were also deeply discussed. This article will give an updated and better understanding of capsaicin-related biological effects and provide theoretical basis for its further research and applications in human health and manufacture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhang Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Fu
- ACK Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Minxia He
- ACK Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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20
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Mountcastle SE, Cox SC, Sammons RL, Jabbari S, Shelton RM, Kuehne SA. A review of co-culture models to study the oral microenvironment and disease. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1773122. [PMID: 32922679 PMCID: PMC7448840 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1773122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-cultures allow for the study of cell-cell interactions between different eukaryotic species or with bacteria. Such an approach has enabled researchers to more closely mimic complex tissue structures. This review is focused on co-culture systems modelling the oral cavity, which have been used to evaluate this unique cellular environment and understand disease progression. Over time, these systems have developed significantly from simple 2D eukaryotic cultures and planktonic bacteria to more complex 3D tissue engineered structures and biofilms. Careful selection and design of the co-culture along with critical parameters, such as seeding density and choice of analysis method, have resulted in several advances. This review provides a comparison of existing co-culture systems for the oral environment, with emphasis on progression of 3D models and the opportunity to harness techniques from other fields to improve current methods. While filling a gap in navigating this literature, this review ultimately supports the development of this vital technique in the field of oral biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Mountcastle
- EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Physical Sciences for Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sophie C Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Sara Jabbari
- School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Sarah A Kuehne
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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21
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Silva HRA, de Souza GM, Fernandes JD, Constantino CJL, Winkelstroter LK. Unravelling the effects of the food components ascorbic acid and capsaicin as a novel anti-biofilm agent against Escherichia coli. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 57:1013-1020. [PMID: 32123422 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of capsaicin and ascorbic acid on the physiology of biofilm formation and dispersion. The influence of the E. coli ATCC 25922 biofilm and five E. coli isolates were observed in the presence of sodium hypochlorite 2.5 mM and subinhibitory concentrations of capsaicin (7 mM) and ascorbic acid (100 mM). The cells counts were performed through standard plaque count and the architecture visualized by confocal microscopy. The proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA present in the biofilm matrix were also quantified. There was a reduction in adhered cells in the presence of capsaicin (7 mM) and ascorbic acid (100 mM) in the biofilm formation kinetics, however, regarding the dispersion, only capsaicin altered the biofilm, data confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy (p < 0.05). It was noted that the matrix composition is dynamic and may be affected by changes in growth conditions such as the presence of antimicrobial substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hevelin Regiane Augusto Silva
- 1Health Sciences Faculty, University of Western Sao Paulo, 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, SP 19050-920 Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Messias de Souza
- 1Health Sciences Faculty, University of Western Sao Paulo, 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, SP 19050-920 Brazil
| | - José Diego Fernandes
- 2School of Technology and Applied Sciences (FCT), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), 305, Roberto Simonsen St., Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - Carlos José Leopoldo Constantino
- 2School of Technology and Applied Sciences (FCT), Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), 305, Roberto Simonsen St., Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900 Brazil
| | - Lizziane Kretli Winkelstroter
- 1Health Sciences Faculty, University of Western Sao Paulo, 700, Jose Bongiovani St., Presidente Prudente, SP 19050-920 Brazil
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Niu C, Xue Y, Jia Y, Xu T, Liu C, Zheng F, Wang J, Li Q. Analysis of bacterial community dynamics in the manufacture process of lajiaojiang (red chili paste). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang L, Tang Y, Jiang X, Yu L, Wang C. Highly Dual Antifouling and Antibacterial Ultrafiltration Membranes Modified with Silane Coupling Agent and Capsaicin-Mimic Moieties. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E412. [PMID: 32054058 PMCID: PMC7077692 DOI: 10.3390/polym12020412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual antifouling and antibacterial polysulfone(PSf)/polyethersulfone(PES) hybrid membranes were developed by the synergy of capsaicin-mimic N-(5-methyl acrylamide-2,3,4 hydroxy benzyl) acrylamide (AMTHBA) and vinyl triethylene (b-methoxy ethoxy) silane (VTMES). First, AMTHBA as a natural antimicrobial agent was incorporated into a casting solution via "microwave-assistance (MWA) in situ polymerization-blending" process to construct a hydroxyl-rich environment. Then, VTMES crosslinked to a hydroxyl-rich polymer matrix via hydrolytic condensation, and the influence of VTMES content on the hybrid membrane properties was systematically investigated. When the VTMES added amount was 1.0 wt %, the hybrid membrane achieved an optimal separation performance including a steady-state humic acid (HA) (5 mg/L) permeation flux of 326 L·m-2·h-1 and a rejection percentage of 97%. The antibacterial tests revealed that the hybrid membranes exhibited sustained bactericidal activity and effective inhibition of bacterial adhesion. Besides, the dual-functional membranes were clean as new after two-cycles filtration (with a cleaning efficiency of ~90%), indicating that the network silicone film on the surface benefits the foulant repellence. Hopefully, the dual-functional membranes constructed in this study can be applicable to the pretreatment stage of water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.J.)
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.J.)
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.J.)
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Changyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, The Ministry of Education of China, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
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Niu C, Xue Y, Liu C, Zheng F, Wang J, Li Q. Identification of gas-forming spoilage bacteria in chili sauce and its control using nisin and salt. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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25
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Sulijaya B, Takahashi N, Yamazaki K, Yamazaki K. Nutrition as Adjunct Therapy in Periodontal Disease Management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-019-0216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Dahan S, Segal Y, Shoenfeld Y. Dietary factors in rheumatic autoimmune diseases: a recipe for therapy? Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:348-358. [PMID: 28405001 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Today, we are facing a new era of digitization in the health care system, and with increased access to health care information has come a growing demand for safe, cost-effective and easy to administer therapies. Dietary habits have a crucial influence on human health, affecting an individual's risk for hypertension, heart disease and stroke, as well as influencing the risk of developing of cancer. Moreover, an individual's lifestyle choices can greatly influence the progression and manifestation of chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In light of these effects, it makes sense that the search for additional therapies to attenuate such diseases would include investigations into lifestyle modifications. When considering the complex web of factors that influence autoimmunity, it is not surprising to find that several dietary elements are involved in disease progression or prevention. In this Review, several common nutritional components of the human diet are presented, and the evidence for their effects on rheumatic diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Dahan
- The Zabludowicz Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Centre, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yahel Segal
- The Zabludowicz Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Centre, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- The Zabludowicz Centre for Autoimmune Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Centre, Derech Sheba 2, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Sun M, Dong J, Xia Y, Shu R. Antibacterial activities of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) against planktonic and biofilm growing Streptococcus mutans. Microb Pathog 2017; 107:212-218. [PMID: 28373143 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential antibacterial activities of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) against planktonic and biofilm modes of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. The effects on planktonic growth and biofilm metabolic activity were evaluated by growth curve determination and MTT assay, respectively. Then, colony forming unit (CFU) counting, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and real-time PCR were performed to further investigate the actions of DHA and EPA on exponential phase-S. mutans. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was used to detect the influences on mature biofilms. The MICs of DHA and EPA against S. mutans were 100 μM and 50 μM, respectively; the MBC of both compounds was 100 μM. In the presence of 12.5 μM-100 μM DHA or EPA, the planktonic growth and biofilm metabolic activity were reduced in varying degrees. For exponential-phase S. mutans, the viable counts, the bacterial membranes and the biofilm-associated gene expression were damaged by 100 μM DHA or EPA treatment. For 1-day-old biofilms, the thickness was decreased and the proportion of membrane-damaged bacteria was increased in the presence of 100 μM DHA or EPA. These results indicated that, DHA and EPA possessed antibacterial activities against planktonic and biofilm growing S. mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiachen Dong
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiru Xia
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Gerits E, Verstraeten N, Michiels J. New approaches to combat Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms. J Oral Microbiol 2017; 9:1300366. [PMID: 28473880 PMCID: PMC5405727 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2017.1300366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, bacteria predominantly reside in structured, surface-attached communities embedded in a self-produced, extracellular matrix. These so-called biofilms play an important role in the development and pathogenesis of many infections, as they are difficult to eradicate due to their resistance to antimicrobials and host defense mechanisms. This review focusses on the biofilm-forming periodontal bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. Current knowledge on the virulence mechanisms underlying P. gingivalis biofilm formation is presented. In addition, oral infectious diseases in which P. gingivalis plays a key role are described, and an overview of conventional and new therapies for combating P. gingivalis biofilms is given. More insight into this intriguing pathogen might direct the development of better strategies to combat oral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien Gerits
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natalie Verstraeten
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
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Shang K, Amna T, Amina M, Al-Musayeib NM, Al-Deyab SS, Hwang I. Influence of Capsaicin on Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Myoblast Cells Under In vitro Environment. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S26-S32. [PMID: 28479722 PMCID: PMC5407112 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.203984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ellular damage initiated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main cause of numerous severe diseases and therefore for this reason, the natural antioxidants have note worthy significance in human health. Capsaicin possesses noteworthy analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It also possesses healing effects for treatment of arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, gastric lesions, and cardiac excitability that is why it is incorporated in creams and gels. OBJECTIVE The present study was carried out to estimate the in vitro antioxidant and ROS scavenging activities of capsaicin against muscle precursor cells. Till date, no investigation has been carried out to study the effect of capsaicin on myoblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the cytotoxicity was induced by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to analyze the effect of capsaicin on LPS induced inflammation and apoptosis on muscle cells. To find out the toxicity of endotoxin, myoblasts were exposed to different concentrations of LPS, viability and morphology was checkedby the means of CCK-8 test and microscopy, respectively. Apoptotic cell death was examined by fluorescence staining. Additionally, LPS-induced apoptosis was determined by mRNAexpression of calpain, caspase-3 and tumor necrosisfactor alpha (TNF-α), and were quantified by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The outcome of the presentstudy demonstrated that LPS stimulation generatestoxicity in dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatmentof myoblasts with capsaicin can considerably alleviate LPS-induced inflammation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study indicates that dietetic supplementation of capsicum may help to alleviate/reduce the inflammatory effects and is therefore potent source of natural antioxidant agent which can be utilized to control muscle related diseases, such as myotube atrophy. SUMMARY In the present study cytotoxicity was induced by LPS to analyze the effect of capsaicin on LPS induced inflammation and apoptosis on muscle cells.The results of this investigation demonstrated that LPS stimulation generates toxicity in dose dependent manner. Pre-treatment of myoblasts with capsaicin can considerably reduce LPS induced inflammation.It has been concluded on the basis of results that the dietetic supplementation of capsicum may help to minimize inflammatory effects and are potent sources of natural antioxidants which can be utilized to control muscle related diseases such as atrophy. Abbreviation used: AMP: Adenosine monophosphate, AO/EB: Acridine orange / Ethidium bromide, ATL: T-cell leukemi, CAP: Capsaicin, CCK-8: Cell counting Kit-8, CLSM: Laser Scanning Microscopy, DCF-DA: 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium, DPPH: α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl, FBS: Fetal bovine serum, KA: Kainic acid, LPS: Lipopolysaccharide, MDA: Malondialdehyde, NF-κB: Nuclear factor kgene binding, PBS: Phosphate buffer saline, pNA: p-nitroanilide, RNW: RNase free water, ROS: Reactive oxygen species, TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor alpha, TRPV1: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Touseef Amna
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Albaha University, Albaha, Republic of Korea
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nawal M. Al-Musayeib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem S. Al-Deyab
- Petrochemical Research Chair, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inho Hwang
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Sun M, Zhou Z, Dong J, Zhang J, Xia Y, Shu R. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) against periodontopathic bacteria. Microb Pathog 2016; 99:196-203. [PMID: 27565090 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are two major omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) with antimicrobial properties. In this study, we evaluated the potential antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of DHA and EPA against two periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum). MTT assay showed that DHA and EPA still exhibited no cytotoxicity to human oral tissue cells when the concentration came to 100 μM and 200 μM, respectively. Against P. gingivalis, DHA and EPA showed the same minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 μM, and a respective minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 μM and 25 μM. However, the MIC and MBC values of DHA or EPA against F. nucleatum were both greater than 100 μM. For early-stage bacteria, DHA or EPA displayed complete inhibition on the planktonic growth and biofilm formation of P. gingivalis from the lowest concentration of 12.5 μM. And the planktonic growth of F. nucleatum was slightly but not completely inhibited by DHA or EPA even at the concentration of 100 μM, however, the biofilm formation of F. nucleatum at 24 h was significantly restrained by 100 μM EPA. For exponential-phase bacteria, 100 μM DHA or EPA completely killed P. gingivalis and significantly decreased the viable counts of F. nucleatum. Meanwhile, the morphology of P. gingivalis was apparently damaged, and the virulence factor gene expression of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum was strongly downregulated. Besides, the viability and the thickness of mature P. gingivalis biofilm, together with the viability of mature F. nucleatum biofilm were both significantly decreased in the presence of 100 μM DHA or EPA. In conclusion, DHA and EPA possessed antibacterial activities against planktonic and biofilm forms of periodontal pathogens, which suggested that DHA and EPA might be potentially supplementary therapeutic agents for prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zichao Zhou
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiachen Dong
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jichun Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiru Xia
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Rong Shu
- Department of Periodontology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
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Neuronal TRPV1 activation regulates alveolar bone resorption by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via CGRP. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29294. [PMID: 27388773 PMCID: PMC4937344 DOI: 10.1038/srep29294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is abundantly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons where it acts as an important polymodal cellular sensor for heat, acidic pH, capsaicin, and other noxious stimuli. The oral cavity is densely innervated by afferent sensory neurons and is a highly specialized organ that protects against infections as well as physical, chemical, and thermal stresses in its capacity as the first part of the digestive system. While the function of TRPV1 in sensory neurons has been intensively studied in other organs, its physiological role in periodontal tissues is unclear. In this study we found that Trpv1−/− mice developed severe bone loss in an experimental model of periodontitis. Chemical ablation of TRPV1-expressing sensory neurons recapitulated the phenotype of Trpv1−/− mice, suggesting a functional link between neuronal TRPV1 signaling and periodontal bone loss. TRPV1 activation in gingival nerves induced production of the neuropeptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and CGRP treatment inhibited osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Oral administration of the TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, suppressed ligature-induced bone loss in mice with fewer tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in alveolar bone. These results suggest that neuronal TRPV1 signaling in periodontal tissue is crucial for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis via the neuropeptide CGRP.
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Deng Y, Huang X, Wu H, Zhao M, Lu Q, Israeli E, Dahan S, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y. Some like it hot: The emerging role of spicy food (capsaicin) in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:451-6. [PMID: 26812350 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases refer to a spectrum of diseases characterized by an active immune response against the host, which frequently involves increased autoantibody production. The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is multifactorial and the exploitation of novel effective treatment is urgent. Capsaicin is a nutritional factor, the active component of chili peppers, which is responsible for the pungent component of chili pepper. As a stimuli, capsaicin selectively activate transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1(TRPV1) and exert various biological effects. This review discusses the effect of capsaicin through its receptor on the development and modulation of autoimmune diseases, which may shed light upon potential therapies in capsaicin-targeted approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, #139 Renmin Middle Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Eitan Israeli
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Shani Dahan
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Miri Blank
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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Marini E, Magi G, Mingoia M, Pugnaloni A, Facinelli B. Antimicrobial and Anti-Virulence Activity of Capsaicin Against Erythromycin-Resistant, Cell-Invasive Group A Streptococci. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1281. [PMID: 26617603 PMCID: PMC4643145 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is the active component of Capsicum plants (chili peppers), which are grown as food and for medicinal purposes since ancient times, and is responsible for the pungency of their fruit. Besides its multiple pharmacological and physiological properties (pain relief, cancer prevention, and beneficial cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal effects) capsaicin has recently attracted considerable attention because of its antimicrobial and anti-virulence activity. This is the first study of its in vitro antibacterial and anti-virulence activity against Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococci, GAS), a major human pathogen. The test strains were previously characterized, erythromycin-susceptible (n = 5) and erythromycin-resistant (n = 27), cell-invasive pharyngeal isolates. The MICs of capsaicin were 64–128 μg/mL (the most common MIC was 128 μg/mL). The action of capsaicin was bactericidal, as suggested by MBC values that were equal or close to the MICs, and by early detection of dead cells in the live/dead assay. No capsaicin-resistant mutants were obtained in single-step resistance selection studies. Interestingly, growth in presence of sublethal capsaicin concentrations induced an increase in biofilm production (p ≤ 0.05) and in the number of bacteria adhering to A549 monolayers, and a reduction in cell-invasiveness and haemolytic activity (both p ≤ 0.05). Cell invasiveness fell so dramatically that a highly invasive strain became non-invasive. The dose-response relationship, characterized by opposite effects of low and high capsaicin doses, suggests a hormetic response. The present study documents that capsaicin has promising bactericidal activity against erythromycin-resistant, cell-invasive pharyngeal GAS isolates. The fact that sublethal concentrations inhibited cell invasion and reduced haemolytic activity, two important virulence traits of GAS, is also interesting, considering that cell-invasive, erythromycinresistant strains can evade β-lactams by virtue of intracellular location and macrolides by virtue of resistance, thus escaping antibiotic treatment. By inhibiting intracellular invasion and haemolytic activity, capsaicin could thus prevent both formation of a difficult to eradicate intracellular reservoir, and infection spread to deep tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Marini
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
| | - Gloria Magi
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Mingoia
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
| | - Armanda Pugnaloni
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
| | - Bruna Facinelli
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona, Italy
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Yang LC, Hu SW, Yan M, Yang JJ, Tsou SH, Lin YY. Antimicrobial activity of platelet-rich plasma and other plasma preparations against periodontal pathogens. J Periodontol 2014; 86:310-8. [PMID: 25345340 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to releasing a pool of growth factors during activation, platelets have many features that indicate their role in the anti-infective host defense. The antimicrobial activities of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and related plasma preparations against periodontal disease-associated bacteria were evaluated. METHODS Four distinct plasma fractions were extracted in the formulation used commonly in dentistry and were tested for their antibacterial properties against three periodontal bacteria: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The minimum inhibitory concentration of each plasma preparation was determined, and in vitro time-kill assays were used to detect their abilities to inhibit bacterial growth. Bacterial adhesion interference and the susceptibility of bacterial adherence by these plasma preparations were also conducted. RESULTS All plasma preparations can inhibit bacterial growth, with PRP showing the superior activity. Bacterial growth inhibition by PRP occurred in the first 24 hours after application in the time-kill assay. PRP interfered with P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans attachment and enhanced exfoliation of attached P. gingivalis but had no influences on F. nucleatum bacterial adherence. CONCLUSIONS PRP expressed antibacterial properties, which may be attributed to platelets possessing additional antimicrobial molecules. The application of PRP on periodontal surgical sites is advisable because of its regenerative potential and its antibacterial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chiu Yang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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