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Bregón-Villahoz M, Menéndez-Manjón P, Carrano G, Díez-Villalba A, Arrieta-Aguirre I, Fernandez-de-Larrinoa I, Moragues MD. Candida albicans cDNA library screening reveals novel potential diagnostic targets for invasive candidiasis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116311. [PMID: 38657353 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The detection of patterns associated with the invasive form of Candida albicans, such as Candida albicans germ tube antibodies (CAGTA), is a useful complement to blood culture for Invasive Candidiasis (IC) diagnosis. As CAGTA are detected by a non-standardisable and non-automatable technique, a Candida albicans cDNA expression library was screened with CAGTA isolated from serum of an animal model of invasive candidiasis, and five protein targets were identified: hyphally regulated cell wall protein 1 (Hyr1), enolase 1 (Eno1), coatomer subunit gamma (Sec21), a metallo-aminopeptidase (Ape2) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (Cys3). Homology with proteins from other organisms rules out Cys3 as a good biomarker while Sec21 results suggest that it is not in the germ tubes surface but secreted to the external environment. Our analysis propose Ape2, Sec21 and a region of Hyr1 different from the one currently being studied for immunoprotection as potential biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bregón-Villahoz
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Pilar Menéndez-Manjón
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Giulia Carrano
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
| | - Ander Díez-Villalba
- Department of Nursing I, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain
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Sun W, Zhang L, Lu X, Feng L, Sun S. The synergistic antifungal effects of sodium phenylbutyrate combined with azoles against Candida albicans via the regulation of the Ras-cAMP-PKA signalling pathway and virulence. Can J Microbiol 2018; 65:105-115. [PMID: 30261147 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2018-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic fungus Candida albicans is one of the most commonly clinically isolated fungal species, and its resistance to the antifungal drug fluconazole is known to be increasing. In this paper, we sought to characterize the effect of sodium phenylbutyrate used alone or in combination with azoles against resistant C. albicans. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and sessile minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined to explore the synergistic mechanism. The results showed that sodium phenylbutyrate exerted clear antifungal activity and that the combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and azoles functioned synergistically to combat resistant C. albicans. In our study of the mechanism, we initially found that the combination therapy resulted in the inhibition of hypha growth, the increased penetration of fluconazole through C. albicans biofilm, and the decreased expression of hyphae-related genes and the upstream regulatory genes (CYR1 and TPK2) of the Ras-cAMP-PKA signalling pathway, as determined by RT-PCR. In addition, the combination treatment decreased the extracellular phospholipase activities and the expression of aspartyl proteinase genes (SAP1-SAP3). The synergistic antifungal effects of the combination of sodium phenylbutyrate and azoles against resistant C. albicans was mainly based on the regulation of the Ras-cAMP-PKA signalling pathway, hyphae-related genes, and virulence factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Sun
- a Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China.,b Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Liuping Zhang
- b Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, P.R. China.,c Pharmaceutical Department, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Lu
- c Pharmaceutical Department, Shanxian Central Hospital, Heze, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Lei Feng
- a Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- d Department of Pharmacy, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, P.R. China
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Shibasaki S, Karasaki M, Aoki W, Ueda M. Molecular and Physiological Study of Candida albicans by Quantitative Proteome Analysis. Proteomes 2018; 6:proteomes6030034. [PMID: 30231513 PMCID: PMC6160938 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes6030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is one of the major pathogens that cause the serious infectious condition known as candidiasis. C. albicans was investigated by proteome analysis to systematically examine its virulence factors and to promote the development of novel pharmaceuticals against candidiasis. Here, we review quantitative time-course proteomics data related to C. albicans adaptation to fetal bovine serum, which were obtained using a nano-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system equipped with a long monolithic silica capillary column. It was revealed that C. albicans induced proteins involved in iron acquisition, detoxification of oxidative species, energy production, and pleiotropic stress tolerance. Native interactions of C. albicans with macrophages were also investigated with the same proteome-analysis system. Simultaneous analysis of C. albicans and macrophages without isolating individual living cells revealed an attractive strategy for studying the survival of C. albicans. Although those data were obtained by performing proteome analyses, the molecular physiology of C. albicans is discussed and trials related to pharmaceutical applications are also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Shibasaki
- General Education Center, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8530, Japan.
| | - Miki Karasaki
- General Education Center, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-8530, Japan.
| | - Wataru Aoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ueda
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Sun W, Wang D, Yu C, Huang X, Li X, Sun S. Strong synergism of dexamethasone in combination with fluconazole against resistant Candida albicans mediated by inhibiting drug efflux and reducing virulence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2017; 50:399-405. [PMID: 28673609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most commonly isolated Candida spp. in the clinic and its resistance to fluconazole (FLC) has been emerging rapidly. Combination therapy may be a potentially effective approach to combat drug resistance. In this study, the combination antifungal effects of dexamethasone (DXM) and FLC against resistant C. albicans in vitro were assayed using minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), sessile MICs and time-kill curves. The in vivo efficacy of this drug combination was evaluated using a Galleria mellonella model by determining survival rate, fungal burden and histological damage. In addition, the impact of DXM on efflux pump activity was investigated using a rhodamine 6G assay. Expression of CDR1, CDR2 and MDR1 was determined by real-time quantitative PCR, and extracellular phospholipase activity was detected by the egg yolk agar method to reveal the potential synergistic mechanism. The results showed that DXM potentiates the antifungal effect of FLC against resistant C. albicans strains both in vitro and in vivo, and the synergistic mechanism is related to inhibiting the efflux of drugs and reducing the virulence of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Decai Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cuixiang Yu
- Respiration Medicine, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuyun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shujuan Sun
- Pharmaceutical Department, Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Xie Y, Qiu N, Wang G. Toward a better guard of coastal water safety-Microbial distribution in coastal water and their facile detection. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 118:5-16. [PMID: 28215556 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Prosperous development in marine-based tourism has raised increasing concerns over the sanitary quality of coastal waters with potential microbial contamination. The World Health Organization has set stringent standards over a list of pathogenic microorganisms posing potential threats to people with frequent coastal water exposure and has asked for efficient detection procedures for pathogen facile identification. Inspection of survey events regarding the occurrence of marine pathogens in recreational beaches in recent years has reinforced the need for the development of a rapid identification procedure. In this review, we examine the possibility of recruiting uniform molecular assays to identify different marine pathogens and the feasibility of appropriate biomarkers, including enterochelin biosynthetic genes, for general toxicity assays. The focus is not only on bacterial pathogens but also on other groups of infectious pathogens. The ultimate goal is the development of a handy method to more efficiently and rapidly detect marine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxuan Xie
- Tianjin University Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ning Qiu
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Tianjin University Center for Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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The Synergistic Effect of Azoles and Fluoxetine against Resistant Candida albicans Strains Is Attributed to Attenuating Fungal Virulence. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:6179-88. [PMID: 27503639 DOI: 10.1128/aac.03046-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the synergistic effects of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, in combination with azoles against Candida albicans both in vitro and in vivo and explored the underlying mechanism. MICs, sessile MICs, and time-kill curves were determined for resistant C. albicans Galleria mellonella was used as a nonvertebrate model for determining the efficacy of the drug combinations against C. albicans in vivo For the mechanism study, gene expression levels of the SAP gene family were determined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, and extracellular phospholipase activities were detected in vitro by the egg yolk agar method. The combinations resulted in synergistic activity against C. albicans strains, but the same effect was not found for the non-albicans Candida strains. For the biofilms formed over 4, 8, and 12 h, synergism was seen for the combination of fluconazole and fluoxetine. In addition, the time-kill curves confirmed the synergism dynamically. The results of the G. mellonella studies agreed with the in vitro analysis. In the mechanism study, we observed that fluconazole plus fluoxetine caused downregulation of the gene expression levels of SAP1 to SAP4 and weakened the extracellular phospholipase activities of resistant C. albicans The combinations of azoles and fluoxetine showed synergistic effects against resistant C. albicans may diminish the virulence properties of C. albicans.
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