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Marsh N, Larsen EN, Ullman AJ, Mihala G, Cooke M, Chopra V, Ray-Barruel G, Rickard CM. Peripheral intravenous catheter infection and failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 151:104673. [PMID: 38142634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral intravenous catheters are the most frequently used invasive device in nursing practice, yet are commonly associated with complications. We performed a systematic review to determine the prevalence of peripheral intravenous catheter infection and all-cause failure. METHODS The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE were searched for observational studies and randomised controlled trials that reported peripheral intravenous catheter related infections or failure. The review was limited to English language and articles published from the year 2000. Pooled estimates were calculated with random-effects models. Meta-analysis of observation studies in epidemiology guidelines and the Cochrane process for randomised controlled trials were used to guide the review. Prospero registration number: CRD42022349956. FINDINGS Our search retrieved 34,725 studies. Of these, 41 observational studies and 28 randomised controlled trials (478,586 peripheral intravenous catheters) met inclusion criteria. The pooled proportion of catheter-associated bloodstream infections was 0.028 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.009-0.081; 38 studies), or 4.40 catheter-associated bloodstream infections per 100,000 catheter-days (20 studies, 95 % CI: 3.47-5.58). Local infection was reported in 0.150 % of peripheral intravenous catheters (95 % CI: 0.047-0.479, 30 studies) with an incidence rate of 65.1 per 100,000 catheter-days (16 studies; 95 % CI: 49.2-86.2). All cause peripheral intravenous catheter failure before treatment completion occurred in 36.4 % of catheters (95 % CI: 31.7-41.3, 53 studies) with an overall incidence rate of 4.42 per 100 catheter days (78,891 catheter days; 19 studies; 95 % CI: 4.27-4.57). INTERPRETATION Peripheral intravenous catheter failure is a significant worldwide problem, affecting one in three catheters. Per peripheral intravenous catheter, infection occurrence was low, however, with over two billion catheters used globally each year, the absolute number of infections and associated burden remains high. Substantial and systemwide efforts are needed to address peripheral intravenous catheter infection and failure and the sequelae of treatment disruption, increased health costs and poor patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Marsh
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Emily N Larsen
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda J Ullman
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Children's Health Research, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gabor Mihala
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marie Cooke
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vineet Chopra
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States of America; The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Gillian Ray-Barruel
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Claire M Rickard
- Nursing and Midwifery Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Herston Infectious Diseases Institute, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Retrospective Analysis of Microbial Colonization Patterns in Central Venous Catheters, 2013-2017. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2019; 2019:8632701. [PMID: 31636880 PMCID: PMC6766096 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8632701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study was performed to provide epidemiological information on microbial colonization in central venous catheters (CVCs). Methods CVCs submitted to Medical Microbiology Laboratory from January 1, 2013, through October 1, 2017, which met our criteria would be included for analysis. Quantitative culture was used for CVCs. The results of culture and related information on CVCs were collected and recorded in detail. The prevalence was calculated, and related factors were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 2020 CVCs were submitted for culture and eligible for analysis. Positive microbial culture occurred in 379 catheters with 18.7% (379 of 2020) prevalence of colonization. There were 23 microbial genera and 45 organisms detected. Among the isolated organisms, there were 39 kinds of isolated bacteria and 6 kinds of isolated fungi. Acinetobacter (19.8%) predominated in total isolated microorganisms, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (11.3%) and Candida albicans (10.3%). There were no significant differences in isolated organisms and fungal species between different sexes (X2 = 2.365, P = 0.50). Conversely, there were significant differences in isolated bacterial and fungal species between different wards and years (X2 = 124.046, P = 0.000; X2 = 77.064, P = 0.000). A total of 107 (5.3%, 107/2020) CVCs were associated with a diagnosis of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). The most common organisms in causing CLABSI were Acinetobacter (23.4%), S. aureus (13.1%), and Candida albicans (12.1%). Conclusion The prevalence of microbial colonization in CVCs is still significant and even has gradually changed over time. The study provides a new view of microbial colonization pattern in CVCs and a prevalence of CLABSI, which will facilitate catheter-related infection prevention and control in clinic.
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