1
|
Zhang YY, Chen ST, Chen G, Zhou L, Zhou GL, Yu XY, Yuan L, Deng WQ, Wang ZB, Li J, Tu YF, Zhang DW, Li Y, Sammad A, Zhu X, Yin K. The Type III Secretion System (T3SS) of Escherichia Coli Promotes Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025:e2413296. [PMID: 39807021 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202413296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Large-scale studies indicate a strong relationship between the gut microbiome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Here, a higher abundance of the type III secretion system (T3SS) virulence factors of Enterobacteriaceae/Escherichia-Shigella in patients with T2DM-related-ASCVD, which correlates with their atherosclerotic stenosis is reported. Overexpression of T3SS via Citrobacter rodentium (CR) infection in Apoe-/- T2DM mice exacerbated atherosclerotic lesion formation and increased gut permeability. Non-targeted metabolomic and proteomic analysis of mouse serum showed that T3SS caused abnormal glycerophospholipid metabolism in mice. Proteomics, RNA sequencing, and functional analyses showed that T3SS induced ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, partly due to increased expression of ferritin heavy chains (FTH1). This findings first demonstrated that T3SS increases ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, via disrupting the intestinal barrier and upregulation of phosphatidylcholine, thereby exacerbating T2DM-related ASCVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yuan Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Song-Tao Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Le Zhou
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Yu
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Long Yuan
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wei-Qian Deng
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Imaging Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Fu Tu
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Abdul Sammad
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic remodeling and Precise Prevention and Control of Diabetes, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of General Practice, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Metabolic remodeling and Precise Prevention and Control of Diabetes, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Acevedo-Román A, Pagán-Zayas N, Velázquez-Rivera LI, Torres-Ventura AC, Godoy-Vitorino F. Insights into Gut Dysbiosis: Inflammatory Diseases, Obesity, and Restoration Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9715. [PMID: 39273662 PMCID: PMC11396321 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is one of the most critical factors in human health. It involves numerous physiological processes impacting host health, mainly via immune system modulation. A balanced microbiome contributes to the gut's barrier function, preventing the invasion of pathogens and maintaining the integrity of the gut lining. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiome's composition and function, disrupts essential processes and contributes to various diseases. This narrative review summarizes key findings related to the gut microbiota in modern multifactorial inflammatory conditions such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. It addresses the challenges posed by antibiotic-driven dysbiosis, particularly in the context of C. difficile infections, and the development of novel therapies like fecal microbiota transplantation and biotherapeutic drugs to combat these infections. An emphasis is given to restoration of the healthy gut microbiome through dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, and novel approaches for managing gut-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy Acevedo-Román
- Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Natalia Pagán-Zayas
- Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Liz I Velázquez-Rivera
- Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Aryanne C Torres-Ventura
- Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| | - Filipa Godoy-Vitorino
- Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lerner A, Benzvi C, Vojdani A. The Potential Harmful Effects of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) on the Intestinal Microbiome and Public Health. Microorganisms 2024; 12:238. [PMID: 38399642 PMCID: PMC10892181 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut luminal dysbiosis and pathobiosis result in compositional and biodiversified alterations in the microbial and host co-metabolites. The primary mechanism of bacterial evolution is horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and the acquisition of new traits can be achieved through the exchange of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Introducing genetically engineered microbes (GEMs) might break the harmonized balance in the intestinal compartment. The present objectives are: 1. To reveal the role played by the GEMs' horizontal gene transfers in changing the landscape of the enteric microbiome eubiosis 2. To expand on the potential detrimental effects of those changes on the human genome and health. A search of articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scielo from 2000 to August 2023 using appropriate MeSH entry terms was performed. The GEMs' horizontal gene exchanges might induce multiple human diseases. The new GEMs can change the long-term natural evolution of the enteric pro- or eukaryotic cell inhabitants. The worldwide regulatory authority's safety control of GEMs is not enough to protect public health. Viability, biocontainment, and many other aspects are only partially controlled and harmful consequences for public health should be avoided. It is important to remember that prevention is the most cost-effective strategy and primum non nocere should be the focus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Lerner
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel;
- Ariel Campus, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Carina Benzvi
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chang T, Lee K, Lee P, Wang Y, Lin Y, Huang H, Luo J, Ho H, Huang Y, Hou M. Assuring safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in the COVID-19 era: A single-center experience. JGH Open 2023; 7:765-771. [PMID: 38034050 PMCID: PMC10684976 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is used to treat recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). In the past, screening of fecal donors required surveillance of personal behavior, medical history, and diseases that could be transmitted by the blood or fecal-oral route. In addition, the exclusion of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) has been recommended since 2018. This task has become more complicated in the era of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To prevent fecal transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is crucial to commence screening for SARS-CoV-2, alongside other traditional tests. Our aim was to investigate whether hidden carriers of SARS-CoV-2 were enrolled for stool donation, and the status of the presence or incidence of MDRO during fecal donation in Taiwan. Methods Fecal products collected from March 2019 to December 2022 were tested for MDRO and nucleic acid amplification tests for SARS-CoV-2 using the pooling method. The period of fecal product collection crossed the time before and during the COVID pandemic in Taiwan. Results A total of 151 fecal samples were collected. The fecal products were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect SARS-CoV-2. The results were negative for all stocks. This was similar to the results of MDRO testing. The safety of FMT products has been guaranteed during the pandemic. Conclusion Our FMT center produced MDRO-free and COVID-19-free products before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in Taiwan. Our protocol was effective for ensuring the safety of FMT products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tien‐En Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Endoscopic Center for Diagnosis and TherapyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Kuei‐Chuan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Pei‐Chang Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Po Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Endoscopic Center for Diagnosis and TherapyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Tsung Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of Infectious DiseasesTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Chun Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Division of General Medicine, Department of MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jiing‐Chyuan Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Healthcare and Services CenterTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hsiang‐Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ming‐Chih Hou
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|