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Romanenko N, Tarasenko S, Davtyan A, Serezhnikova N, Djidjavadze S, Derevyankin A, Shchetinina E, Deryugin A, Burlak A. The features of the reparative regeneration of an oral mucosa wound created under the exposure of a laser at a wavelength of 445 nm (a pilot study). Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:152. [PMID: 38849656 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In clinical practice, an innovative laser technology that provides contactless preparation of soft tissues with a wavelength of 445 nm has been introduced. This study aimed to investigate the morphological changes in the oral mucosa when exposed to laser radiation at a wavelength of 445 nm in the ablation mode.An experimental study was conducted to analyze the dynamics of reparative regeneration in the wound caused by that particular type of radiation, utilizing the procedure of lower lip frenuloplasty as an illustration. 48 sexually mature male laboratory rats were chosen as the research object. The procedure of preparing the oral vestibule was executed by employing a contactless laser beam with a wavelength of 445 nm and a power of 0.7 W in continuous mode (CW) and an uninitiated fiber.Histological examination showed that 25 min after the surgery, there were large areas of coagulation necrosis in the oral mucosa in the area affected by the blue laser. In 48 h, the area of necrosis decreased both in size and depth. By the 7th day after the surgery, the necrotic masses had grown into the connective tissue, while marginal regeneration of the epithelium was noted. By the 14th day, the wound surface was completely epithelialized, represented by fibrous scar tissue. Clinically, around the mandibular incisors, there was a wide area of attached keratinized gingiva.The findings of histological examination indicate a necrosis of coagulation type in the region of tissue ablation and also show the absence of phase II of the inflammatory response (the stage of exudation), which expedites the process of epithelialization of the oral mucosa wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Romanenko
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana Tarasenko
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Albert Davtyan
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Serezhnikova
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sofiko Djidjavadze
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandre Derevyankin
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina Shchetinina
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anton Deryugin
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Mozhaisky Val, 121059, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya Burlak
- Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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Sodhi DPS, Handa KK, Gautam D, Sodhi A, Brar GK, Kaur J. Correlation Between the Effects of CO 2 Laser and Histopathological Analysis in Vocal Cord Lesions: An Observational Study. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 76:2520-2530. [PMID: 38883481 PMCID: PMC11169110 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lasers are based on the principle of light amplification by empowering atoms to store and emit light in a coherent form. Through their effect on tissues, lasers reduce hemorrhage allowing the surgeon to work in a clear field with precise removal of the tissues. Irradiation of the soft tissues by lasers produces thermal effects on the surrounding healthy tissues which can make histopathological examination difficult. Hence this study was done to find a correlation between adjustable parameters of CO2 laser and the extent of collateral thermal damage in the excised vocal cord lesions on histopathological examination and diagnosis. In this study, we enrolled 80 patients who were divided into 4 groups with different combinations of laser power and mode, used during transoral laser micro laryngeal surgery for the excision of vocal cord lesions and subsequent histopathological analysis to objectively measure the extent of thermal damage zone and subjectively assess histo-morphological effects of thermal damage in terms of grade of carbonization. The extent of the thermal damage zone is directly related to the power of the laser, but the mode of the laser had no relation with the thermal damage zone in our study. On subjective histo-morphological examination of excised lesions showed that both power and mode of laser have significant effects on tissue morphology. Continuous mode causes a significantly higher grade of carbonization as compared to the superpulsed mode of the laser. However, in our study it was seen that charring in no way affected the diagnosis in any of the biopsies examined whatever the power or mode of the laser used. The depth and width of the tissue thermal damage zone are mainly dependent upon the laser parameters (power and mode). Although considering the limitations of this study carried out in terms of sample size, it would be pertinent to mention here that further studies with larger cohorts need to be done to authenticate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kumud Kumar Handa
- Department of ENT & Head and Neck Surgery, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, India
| | - Dheeraj Gautam
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, India
| | - Asmita Sodhi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot, India
| | - Gursimrat Kaur Brar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot, India
| | - Jasmine Kaur
- Department of Nephrology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India
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Lopes-Santos G, Peralta-Mamani M, Oliveira DT. Histological implications of high-power laser use in the oral soft tissue lesions: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:263. [PMID: 37952038 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to describe the histological artifacts caused by high-power laser use compared to cold scalpel surgery in oral soft tissue lesions. Clinical studies that evaluated and compared histological artifacts resulting from the use of high-power lasers and cold scalpels in oral soft tissue lesions biopsies were retrieved from seven databases and four grey literatures, up to July 2022. The risk of bias was investigated using the ROBINS-I tool. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Seven studies were eligible for qualitative analysis. Based on the results obtained, those four studies had a low risk of bias, and three studies had an unclear risk of bias. The certainty of the evidence was classified as low. Limited evidence showed that epithelial artifacts such as loss of intraepithelial and subepithelial adhesions, accompanied by pyknotic, fusiform, and/or hyperchromic nuclei, were more common when a high-power laser device was used. Four articles reported that the use of high-power lasers did not interfere with the histopathological diagnosis of oral soft tissue lesions. Due to the heterogeneity of the data, a meta-analysis was not performed. Compared to the use of cold scalpels, histological artifacts, particularly those observed in epithelial tissue, are more common when high-powered lasers are used in oral lesions biopsies. The eligibility criteria and adequate indications of high-power lasers in different oral soft tissue lesion treatments must be respected to avoid tissue artifacts that impair precise histopathological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lopes-Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariela Peralta-Mamani
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculdade do Centro Oeste Paulista - FACOP, Piratininga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Tostes Oliveira
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Area of Pathology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lopes-Santos G, da Silva Santos PS, Oliveira DT. Cytological Artifacts Mimicking Vulgar Pemphigus Caused by Diode Laser Surgery in Oral Lesion. Int J Surg Pathol 2023; 31:1323-1325. [PMID: 36514289 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221143482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lopes-Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio da Silva Santos
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Tostes Oliveira
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ou M, Huang X. Histological evaluation of mouse tongue incisions after Er:YAG laser surgery with different pulse energies versus after conventional scalpel surgery. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:181. [PMID: 37568046 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the surgical instrument that allows for optimal healing of tongue incisions. METHODS An Er:YAG laser was compared with different pulse energies to a conventional scalpel for the incision of mouse tongue tissues. Mice were sacrificed through cervical dislocation at 24, 48, and 72 h postoperatively, followed by extraction of their tongues for incision experiments. The healing of the incisions and expression of inflammation- and pain-related factors in the tongues were compared between the surgical procedure groups. RESULTS In laser-treated mice, tongue incisions healed the fastest when the laser output energy was 60 MJ per pulse. Macrophage chemotaxis toward the incisional area was triggered on the first postoperative day for the 60-MJ group, while the time for macrophage chemotaxis to the surgical area was later in the 80-MJ group. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression increased and then decreased in the 80-MJ group; however, it gradually decreased in the 60-MJ and conventional scalpel groups. Prostaglandin E2 expression increased and then decreased in the 80-MJ and conventional scalpel groups but gradually decreased in the 60-MJ group. The expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 gradually decreased in the 60-MJ and 80-MJ groups but gradually increased in the conventional scalpel group. CONCLUSION Compared with surgical procedures using conventional scalpels, those using an Er:YAG laser with appropriate pulse energies can inhibit inflammation in the incisional area and promote incision healing. The use of an Er:YAG laser with appropriate pulse energies can alleviate intraoperative and postoperative pain in the incisional area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ou
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Maleki D, Sigaroodi A, Motevasseli S, Maleki D, Fard R. Low-level laser and management of common complications after the mandibular third molar surgery: A double-blind randomized clinical trial. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.367913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Prado MCO, Nwizu NN, Patel SA, Streckfus CF, Zezell DM, Barros J. Thermal damage and excision time of micro and super pulsed diode lasers: A comparative ex vivo analysis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2022; 8:1655-1663. [PMID: 36218194 PMCID: PMC9760131 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate thermal damage and cutting efficiency of micro and super pulsed diode lasers. The secondary aim was to suggest a guideline to perform simple surgical excisions adequate for histopathological evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten groups of 10 specimens of pig tongues were excised using a blade (G1), a micro pulsed (G2-G9), and a super pulsed diode (G10) lasers. Different output power, pulse duration, pulse interval, and duty cycle were tested. Quantitative measures of thermal damage and excision times were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The control group (G1) presented no thermal damage. Within the laser groups (G2-G10), no statistically significant differences in depth of thermal damage (µm) were noted. G3 showed significantly less area of thermal damage (mm2 ) when compared with G7 and G9 (p < .05). The median excision time of the control group and super pulsed diode laser group were significantly lower (p < .001) than the micro pulsed diode laser groups. CONCLUSIONS The cutting efficiency of the super pulsed diode laser is comparable to traditional blade, and with appropriate parameters, these lasers can produce predictable surgical outcomes with less collateral damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariliza C. O. Prado
- Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and ApplicationsIPEN‐CNEN/SPSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ngozi N. Nwizu
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shalizeh A. Patel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Charles F. Streckfus
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Denise Maria Zezell
- Laboratory of Biophotonics, Center for Lasers and ApplicationsIPEN‐CNEN/SPSão PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Juliana Barros
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonSchool of DentistryHoustonTexasUSA
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A histological evaluation of the mice oral mucosal tissue wounds excised with diode laser, Er:YAG laser, and cold scalpel. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2707-2715. [PMID: 35298731 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03544-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser has been considered to show many favorable characteristics, including wound healing acceleration, hemostasis, biostimulation, and microbial inhibition. Previous studies have investigated the effect of laser treatment during the process of wound healing, with conflicting results. To date, there is still no unified conclusion on the effect and application principle of clinical laser therapy. This study evaluated the incision morphology, wound healing speed, and histological changes in mice oral mucosal wounds excised with diode laser, Er:YAG laser, and cold scalpel. The results showed that compared with the cold scalpel group, laser treatments caused more tissue thermal damage and carbonization, which led to a healing delay. However, lasers also showed some advantages, including hemostasis, regular incision, and immune response mobilization, suggesting that lasers may be beneficial in some specific cases, such as reducing intraoperative accidents and wound tissue laceration and controlling bleeding and postoperative infection. This study provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the effect of laser treatments and their clinical application principle.
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Aslroosta H, Morshedzadeh G, Moslemi N, Moayer A, Rahimi H, Fekrazad R. Clinical Outcomes of Free Gingival Graft Following Recipient Bed Preparation with Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Versus Scalpel: A Split-Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:425-433. [PMID: 34029126 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Free gingival graft (FGG) procedure is accompanied with a considerable rate of graft shrinkage. This study was aimed to assess the dimensional changes of FGG after recipient site preparation with Er,Cr:YSGG laser and surgical scalpel. Materials and methods: This split-mouth randomized clinical trial evaluated 11 patients with bilateral lack of keratinized gingiva in mandibular premolars. The test side in each patient was prepared with Er,Cr:YSGG laser (3 W power, 300 mJ energy, 10 Hz frequency, long-pulsed mode), whereas the control side was prepared by surgical scalpel. All FGGs were harvested from the palate with standard dimensions of 14 × 9 mm. The graft width, length, surface area, and shrinkage and color match were measured after 1, 3, and 6 months. Postoperative complications, including pain and bleeding were also evaluated using a questionnaire. Results: In both groups, the surface area and width of graft significantly decreased at all time points compared with baseline but the difference in this respect was not significant between the two groups (p > 0.05). In both groups, maximum shrinkage occurred within the first 3 months. In control group, the surface shrinkage in 3 months was significantly greater than the first month (p = 0.025) without significant difference between groups (p = 0.79). The two groups were not significantly different regarding pain score and bleeding score either. On the day of surgery, the test group had slightly lower pain score and higher bleeding score in comparison to the control group without significant difference. The pain and bleeding scores reduced in both groups with no significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Er,Cr:YSGG laser has promising results for preparation of FGG recipient site and yields results comparable to those of surgical scalpel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoori Aslroosta
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Morshedzadeh
- Post-Doctoral Periodontology Program, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Moslemi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Rahimi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Palaia G, Renzi F, Pergolini D, Del Vecchio A, Visca P, Tenore G, Romeo U. Histological Ex Vivo Evaluation of the Suitability of a 976 nm Diode Laser in Oral Soft Tissue Biopsies. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:6658268. [PMID: 34007279 PMCID: PMC8100417 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6658268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laser-induced thermal effects can preclude a safe histological evaluation of biopsy resection margins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a 976 nm diode laser in oral soft tissue biopsies in an ex vivo study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 976 nm diode laser (Solase®, Lazon Medical Laser, China) has been used in the contact mode, using a 400 μm fiber tip, at different parameters from 4 to 6 W in the continuous wave (CW), with a fluence between 3184 and 4777 J/cm2, and pulsed wave (PW) mode, with a fluence between 318,4 and 477,7 J/cm2, to obtain 30 samples from fresh pig cadaver tongues. All specimens were subdivided into 6 groups (from A to F), and each group consisted of 5 samples. Two sections were obtained from each sample. A histological analysis was performed using an optical microscope at magnifications of 5x and 10x. Statistical analysis was carried out using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. RESULTS The results showed that histological readability was optimal in all the samples. The thermal damage was negligible in all groups. The average thermal damage was 208.40 ± 133.81 μm in the epithelial tissue and 330.14 ± 147.45 μm in the connective tissue. The statistical analysis showed no differences between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION A 976 nm diode laser demonstrated good surgical effectiveness that provoked little peripheral damage in the cut edges and allowed a safe histological diagnosis. Clinical Relevance. In oral pathology, many times, there is fear in using the laser to remove some lesions due to its thermal effect on the tissues close to the lesion. This effect is always present in the use of the laser, but the intent is to minimize this effect to have as little alteration as possible on the surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare Palaia
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Federico Renzi
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Daniele Pergolini
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Cytology and Cellular Diagnostics, Regina Elena Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tenore
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Umberto Romeo
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Via Caserta 6, Rome 00161, Italy
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Chang MY, Chen JH, Lin SP, Teng WN, Liao SW, Ting CK, Tsou MY, Chiang HHK, Su FW. Fire safety study on high-flow nasal oxygen in shared-airway surgeries with diathermy and laser: simulation based on a physical model. J Clin Monit Comput 2021; 36:649-655. [PMID: 33783692 DOI: 10.1007/s10877-021-00690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) has been used in "tubeless" shared-airway surgeries but whether HFNO increased the fire hazard is yet to be examined. We used a physical model for simulation to explore fire safety through a series of ignition trials. An HFNO device was attached to a 3D-printed nose with nostrils connected to a degutted raw chicken. The HFNO device was set at twenty combinations of different oxygen concentration and gas flow rate. An electrocautery and diode laser were applied separately to a fat cube in the cavity of the chicken. Ten 30 s trials of continuous energy source application were conducted. An additional trial of continuous energy application was conducted if no ignition was observed for all the ten trials. A total of eight short flashes were observed in one hundred electrocautery tests; however, no continuous fire was observed among them. There were thirty-six events of ignition in one hundred trials with laser, twelve of which turned into violent self-sustained fires. The factors found to be related to a significantly increased chance of ignition included laser application, lower gas flow, and higher FiO2. The native tissue and smoke can ignite and turn into violent self-sustained fires under HFNO and continuous laser strikes, even in the absence of combustible materials. The results suggest that airway surgeries must be performed safely with HFNO if only a short intermittent laser is used in low FiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Yun Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nung Teng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wei Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Kun Ting
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yung Tsou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hua Kenny Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Wei Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Shih-Pai Rd. 2nd, Beitou, Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
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12
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Hanke A, Fimmers R, Frentzen M, Meister J. Quantitative determination of cut efficiency during soft tissue surgery using diode lasers in the wavelength range between 400 and 1500 nm. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1633-1647. [PMID: 33496905 PMCID: PMC8433103 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Within the scope of this ex vivo study, the cut efficiency was investigated with eight diode laser wavelengths in the range from 400 to 1500 nm. Incisions on porcine gingiva samples were generated in CW-mode at a power range of 0.5–4 W using a bare fiber (∅ = 320 μm) in contact and non-contact mode at a cut speed of 2 mm/s. Cut depths, cut widths, and thermal damages were recorded based on histological sections and were evaluated via measurement masks. Moreover, with respect to the controllability of a therapeutic measure, an efficiency factor was defined. At powers above 2 W, for 445 nm, the maximum cut depth was 820 μm and 344 μm for 810 nm, respectively. At all wavelength and power ranges, the cut width averaged 125 μm. At minimum output power (0.5 W), the spatial expansion of the thermal damage in the tissue surface layer corresponds in the blue/green wavelength range from the very beginning of the laser impact to the fiber core diameter. It could be shown that increases in the diode laser power output do not correlate to the same extent with the incision depth nor with thermal damage to tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Hanke
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Fimmers
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Bonn University, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Frentzen
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
- Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Meister
- Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
- Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, Welschnonnenstrasse 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak Street, 19857-17443, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Rocca JP, Fornaini C, Zhang Y, Zhen Y, Merigo E. Laser Multi-Wavelength Approach for the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Case Report. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:614-618. [PMID: 32658974 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Rocca
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Carlo Fornaini
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China.,GAEM, Group of Applied ElectroMagnetics, Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinghua Zhen
- Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- Micoralis Research Laboratory, UFR Odontologie, University of Nice Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Stomatology, 2nd Hospital Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
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14
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Varma SR, AlShayeb M, Narayanan J, Abuhijleh E, Hadi A, Jaber M, Abu Fanas S. Applications of Lasers in Refractory Periodontitis: A Narrative Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:384-393. [PMID: 33042878 PMCID: PMC7523935 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_241_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the various lasers in dentistry and to investigate if it can be used for treatment of refractory periodontitis. Methods: The study followed partially the PRISMA guidelines as it is a narrative review. A number of articles were selected from a period of 1980 to 2020 from databases, PubMed, PubMed central, Cochrane and Scopus. Articles related to the effects of lasers on periodontitis both refractory and aggressive were investigated. Results: After reviewing the literature, 70 articles were found, related to application of lasers in periodontal diseases. Out of the 70, 11 articles pertained to the effect of laser for the treatment of Refractory and inflammatory periodontitis. 5 articles related to experimental animal models, one pertaining to in-vitro and six studies related to in-vivo in human cohorts. Discussion: It was found that lasers if used in controlled parameters by incorporating laser assisted treatment such as Photodynamic therapy and low level laser therapy can be of use as an adjunct therapy for treatment of refractory periodontitis. The use of different wavelengths in the initial and maintenance phase of periodontal disease plays a positive role. The presence of in-vitro and animal model studies is one of the limitation to this study. The available studies have shown marked reduction in inflammation and better clinical and microbiological parameters. The drawback of this study is the limited literature involving laser management for refractory periodontitis in human cohorts. Conclusion: Different wavelengths of laser and choice of laser assisted periodontal treatment plays an important role in the overall progress and prognosis of periodontal disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Rama Varma
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Maher AlShayeb
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Jayaraj Narayanan
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, Fujairah, UAE
| | - Eyas Abuhijleh
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Science and Technology, Fujairah, UAE
| | - Abdul Hadi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Fujairah, UAE
| | - Mohammad Jaber
- Department of Oral Surgery, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Salim Abu Fanas
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
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15
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Kawamura R, Mizutani K, Lin T, Kakizaki S, Mimata A, Watanabe K, Saito N, Meinzer W, Iwata T, Izumi Y, Aoki A. Ex Vivo Evaluation of Gingival Ablation with Various Laser Systems and Electroscalpel. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:364-373. [PMID: 32175812 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic and multifaceted comparison of thermal effects during soft tissue ablation with various lasers and an electroscalpel (ES). Materials and methods: Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, CO2, Diode, Nd:YAG lasers (1 W, pulsed or continuous wave), an ES, and a scalpel (Sc; control), were employed for porcine gingival tissue ablation. Temperature changes during ablation were measured by using an infrared thermal imaging camera and a thermocouple. After ablations, the wounds were observed using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and histological sections were analyzed. Compositional analysis was also performed on ablated sites by SEM wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Results: The surface temperature during irradiation was highest with CO2 (over 500°C), followed by Diode (267°C) and Nd:YAG (258°C), Er:YAG (164°C), ES (135°C), and Er,Cr:YSGG (85°C). Carbonization was negligible (Er:YAG), slight (Er,Cr:YSGG), moderate (Nd:YAG and ES), and severe (CO2 and Diode). Under SEM observation, Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG showed smooth surfaces but other devices resulted in rough appearances. Histologically, the coagulated and thermally affected layer was extremely minimal (38 μm in thickness) and free from epithelial collapse for Er:YAG. Compared with other devices, less compositional surface change was detected with Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG; additionally, the use of water spray further minimized thermal influence. Conclusions: Among various power devices, Er:YAG laser showed the most efficient and refined gingival ablation with minimal thermal influence on the surrounding tissues. Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers with water spray could be considered as minimally invasive power devices for soft tissue surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kawamura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichen Lin
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sho Kakizaki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Mimata
- Research Core, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kowashi Watanabe
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Norihito Saito
- Photonics Control Technology Team, Advanced Photonics Technology Development Group, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Riken, Wako, Japan
| | - Walter Meinzer
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.,Oral Care Perio Center, Southern TOHOKU Research Institute for Neuroscience, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Gutiérrez-Corrales A, Rizcala-Orlando Y, Montero-Miralles P, Volland G, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL, Torres-Lagares D, Serrera-Figallo MA. Comparison of diode laser - Oral tissue interaction to different wavelengths. In vitro study of porcine periodontal pockets and oral mucosa. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2020; 25:e224-e232. [PMID: 31967980 PMCID: PMC7103451 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of diode lasers at different wavelengths and power settings in handmade incisions in periodontal pockets and in oral mucosa of porcine tissue considering thermal damage, necrosis and the affected area of the soft tissue.
Material and Methods Combining the following laser wavelengths, 445nm, 532nm (KTP), 810nm, 980nm, 1064nm and 1470nm, and a power range from 0.5W to 2.0W in a continuous wave mode (CW), we made handmade incisions in porcine periodontal pockets and oral mucosa. After histological processing, we measured the area of lost tissue, the area of thermal damage and the area of necrosis. Then, we performed ANOVA to evaluate the difference between groups and two-way ANOVA to identify the influence of the laser-type variables and the power on the results.
Results We applied an ANOVA test to evaluate the results, where statistical analysis showed clear differences between the 1470nm and 810nm laser groups that refer to thermal damage and necrosis in the periodontal pocket surface. Regarding the oral mucosa surface, the 1064nm laser showed differences in the analysis of lost tissue. According to the applied power, all the variables we studied (lost tissue area, area of thermal damage and necrosis) showed higher values when using a power of 2.0W instead of 0.5W.
Conclusions According to our results, the 810nm diode laser for oral soft-tissue biopsy using power ranges between 0.5W and 2W would be the best choice to avoid thermal damage in peri-incisional margins. Key words:Laser surgery, soft tissue, diode laser, KTP laser, thermal damage, necrosis.
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17
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Suter V, Altermatt H, Bornstein M. A randomized controlled trial comparing surgical excisional biopsies using CO2 laser, Er:YAG laser and scalpel. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 49:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Palaia G, Impellizzeri A, Tenore G, Caporali F, Visca P, Del Vecchio A, Galluccio G, Polimeni A, Romeo U. Ex vivo histological analysis of the thermal effects created by a 445-nm diode laser in oral soft tissue biopsy. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:2645-2652. [PMID: 31734792 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate, ex vivo, the histological effects of 445-nm diode laser (Eltech K-Laser srl, Treviso, Italy), during an oral soft tissue biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty samples from pig cadaver tongues were obtained, through five laser settings, in continuous and pulsed wave (CW and PW). Samples were divided into six groups of five pieces each. A control specimen was taken by a scalpel. All samples were examined with an optical microscope by a blinded pathologist. Thermal effects on epithelium and connective tissues were measured with LAS 4.8 software. Finally, a statistical evaluation was made using GraphPadPrism 7.0 software. RESULTS All specimens, except one, showed a damage lower than 1 mm. Readability was always optimal; there was a different thermal effect between epithelial and connective tissue and in CW and PW samples, confirmed by statistical analysis too. CONCLUSIONS A 445-nm diode laser creates a minimum thermal effect, that has no implications in the histological evaluation of benign lesions. In suspicious lesions, a safety margin of 1 mm, compared with a scalpel, is preferable. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A 445-nm diode laser has excellent surgical properties and can manage many arduous clinical cases, such as vascularized lesions. In the excision of suspected lesions, it is necessary to compare, case by case, clinical advantages to possible histological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspare Palaia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Impellizzeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tenore
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Caporali
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Cytology and Cellular Diagnostics, Regina Elena Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Vecchio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Galluccio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Romeo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via Caserta 6, Rome, Italy
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Sayin Ozel G, Okutan Y, Oguz Ahmet BS, Ozdere E. Effect of Combined Surface Treatments on Surface Roughness and Resin Bond Strength to Y-TZP Ceramic and Nickel–Chromium Metal Alloy. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:442-450. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulsum Sayin Ozel
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yener Okutan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Bebek Serra Oguz Ahmet
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Ozdere
- Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara Acıbadem Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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20
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Monteiro L, Delgado ML, Garcês F, Machado M, Ferreira F, Martins M, Salazar F, Pacheco JJ. A histological evaluation of the surgical margins from human oral fibrous-epithelial lesions excised with CO2 laser, Diode laser, Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, electrosurgical scalpel and cold scalpel. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e271-e280. [PMID: 30818322 PMCID: PMC6441595 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.22819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We aim to evaluate the presence of histological artefacts in the surgical margins of human oral fibro-epithelial hyperplasias excised with lasers of different wavelengths, and also electrosurgical scalpel and cold scalpel. Moreover, we aim to determine if some of these instruments could impair the normal histological diagnosis of these lesions. Material and Methods We included 130 consecutive surgical samples of 80 females and 50 males (mean age of 53.82±16.55) with a histological diagnosis of an oral benign fibrous-epithelial hyperplasias. The samples were categorized into 6 groups according to the type of instrument used: CO2 laser group, diode laser group, Er:YAG laser group, Nd:YAG laser group, electrosurgical scalpel group and cold scalpel group. Histological instrument-induced changes were microscopic evaluated and related with clinical and pathological variables. Results The instrument with highest tissue damage extension (TDE) was the electrosurgical scalpel (1002.2µm±434.92), followed by diode laser (913.73 µm±322.45), Nd:YAG (899.83µm±327.75), CO2 laser (538.37µm±170.50), Er:YAG laser (166.47µm±123.85), and at last with fewer alterations the cold scalpel group (2.36µm±7.27) (P< 0.001). The most regular incision was observed in CO2 laser group, followed by Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, electrosurgical scalpel and diode laser group with the less regular incision using cold scalpel as comparison (P< 0.001). A correlation was found between the incision score and TDE (P< 0.001). Regarding histological diagnosis, no case showed any limitation of diagnosis related with the use of any instrument evaluated. Conclusions Our results suggest that lasers can be used for the excision of oral benign fibrous-epithelial hyperplasias, without hispathological diagnosis limitations, as long as the physical properties of each laser are known and respected. Er:YAG laser have shown to be a laser with few tissue damage extension and with good incision regularity, been a possible instrument of choice for the surgical removal of these lesions. Key words:CO2 laser, diode laser, Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Monteiro
- Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal,
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21
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Sindel A, Dereci Ö, Hatipoğlu M, Özalp Ö, Dereci ON, Kocabalkan B, Öztürk A. Evaluation of temperature rise following the application of diode and ErCr:Ysgg lasers: an ex vivo study. Eur Oral Res 2019; 52:131-136. [PMID: 30775716 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2018.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium, garnet (ErCr:Ysgg) lasers have been frequently used in oral surgical procedures and are almost seen as alternatives to diode lasers. The aim of this comparative study was to analyze in an animal model the thermal elevation induced by ErCr:Ysgg and diode lasers in soft tissue and bone. Materials and methods Thirty freshly dissected sheep mandibles containing bone and soft tissue were divided into 120 equal parts. Gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-Al-As) diode laser (λ=940 nm) with 1, 2 and 5 W output powers and ErCr:Ysgg laser (λ=2780 nm) with 2.75, 4.5 and 6 W output powers were used on soft and bone tissues separately for 3 seconds with point application. Mean temperature values before and after application of the lasers were compared in soft tissue and bone. Results The minimum mean temperature value was observed with 2.75 W ErCr:Ysgg laser while irradiation with 5 W diode laser created the maximum values (p<0.05). Conclusion ErCr:Ysgg laser (λ=2780 nm) with 2.75 W power generates low levels of heat compared to diode lasers and may provide safer surgery in soft and bone tissues without destructive effects of temperature increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Sindel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ömür Dereci
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mükerrem Hatipoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Öznur Özalp
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Olgu Nur Dereci
- Department of Public Health, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burak Kocabalkan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Adnan Öztürk
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Fornaini C, Merigo E, Poli F, Cavatorta C, Rocca JP, Selleri S, Cucinotta A. Use of 1070 nm fiber lasers in oral surgery: preliminary ex vivo study with FBG temperature monitoring. Laser Ther 2017; 26:311-318. [PMID: 29434432 PMCID: PMC5801457 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.17-or-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this ex vivo study was to demonstrate the performances of 1070 nm fiber lasers for the ablation of oral tissues through the evaluation of the histological modifications made by a blind pathologist and the measurement of the thermal elevation during laser irradiation by a sensor based on a fiber Bragg grating. MATERIALS AND METHODS The source used was a pulsed fiber laser emitting at 1070 nm, with 20 W maximum average output power and 100 ns fixed pulse duration. Different tests were performed by changing the laser parameters, particularly the peak power of the pulses and the repetition rate. RESULTS The tissue of the measurements demonstrated that the best properties in term of cutting capability and, at the same time, the lower thermal damages to the tissues can be obtained with a peak power of 3 kW, a repetition rate of 50 kHz and a speed of 5 mm/s. CONCLUSIONS This ex vivo study showed that 1070 nm fiber lasers can be very useful in oral surgery, since they provide a reduced thermal elevation in the irradiated tissues, thus consequently respecting their biological structures. Moreover, this work demonstrates that FBG sensors, based on the optical fiber technology as the laser source considered for the tests, may be good instruments to record thermal elevation when applied to the ex vivo studies on animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Fornaini
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cote d'Azur, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France
| | - Elisabetta Merigo
- Micoralis Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cote d'Azur, 24 Avenue des Diables Bleus, 06357 Nice, France
| | - Federica Poli
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Cavatorta
- Section of Pathologic Anatomy, University Clinic Policlinico of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71 - 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Jean-Paul Rocca
- Section of Pathologic Anatomy, University Clinic Policlinico of Modena, Via del Pozzo 71 - 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Selleri
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cucinotta
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 181/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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24
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Efficiency of soft tissue incision with a novel 445-nm semiconductor laser. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 33:27-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Cobb CM. Lasers and the treatment of periodontitis: the essence and the noise. Periodontol 2000 2017; 75:205-295. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Matys J, Botzenhart U, Gedrange T, Dominiak M. Thermodynamic effects after Diode and Er:YAG laser irradiation of grade IV and V titanium implants placed in bone - an ex vivo study. Preliminary report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 61:499-507. [PMID: 26985682 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2015-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many inserted implants are affected by peri-implantitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate increases in implant temperature, depending on the diameter and chemical composition of implants. In particular we measured the time it takes for the temperature of an implant to rise by 10°C and evaluated laser power settings required to prevent thermal injury when an implant surface is decontaminated during the treatment of peri-implantitis. The study analysed six implants placed in porcine ribs and divided into two groups according to their diameter and chemical composition (grade IV and grade V titanium). The implants were irradiated with Diode and Er:YAG lasers using different laser parameters. The temperature was measured with a K-type thermocouple. The temperature on the implant surface rose as the laser power increased and the implant diameter decreased. The time required to increase the temperature of an implant by 10°C was less than it was for titanium grade IV. The temperature gradient was below 10°C for all implants treated using a laser power up to 1 W. It is important to choose the correct laser parameters, depending on the chemical composition and diameter of the implant, so that decontamination of the implant surface is thorough, effective and safe.
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A randomized controlled clinical and histopathological trial comparing excisional biopsies of oral fibrous hyperplasias using CO2 and Er:YAG laser. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:573-581. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Aoki A, Mizutani K, Schwarz F, Sculean A, Yukna RA, Takasaki AA, Romanos GE, Taniguchi Y, Sasaki KM, Zeredo JL, Koshy G, Coluzzi DJ, White JM, Abiko Y, Ishikawa I, Izumi Y. Periodontal and peri-implant wound healing following laser therapy. Periodontol 2000 2017; 68:217-69. [PMID: 25867988 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Laser irradiation has numerous favorable characteristics, such as ablation or vaporization, hemostasis, biostimulation (photobiomodulation) and microbial inhibition and destruction, which induce various beneficial therapeutic effects and biological responses. Therefore, the use of lasers is considered effective and suitable for treating a variety of inflammatory and infectious oral conditions. The CO2 , neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) and diode lasers have mainly been used for periodontal soft-tissue management. With development of the erbium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) and erbium, chromium-doped yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lasers, which can be applied not only on soft tissues but also on dental hard tissues, the application of lasers dramatically expanded from periodontal soft-tissue management to hard-tissue treatment. Currently, various periodontal tissues (such as gingiva, tooth roots and bone tissue), as well as titanium implant surfaces, can be treated with lasers, and a variety of dental laser systems are being employed for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In periodontics, mechanical therapy has conventionally been the mainstream of treatment; however, complete bacterial eradication and/or optimal wound healing may not be necessarily achieved with conventional mechanical therapy alone. Consequently, in addition to chemotherapy consisting of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, phototherapy using lasers and light-emitting diodes has been gradually integrated with mechanical therapy to enhance subsequent wound healing by achieving thorough debridement, decontamination and tissue stimulation. With increasing evidence of benefits, therapies with low- and high-level lasers play an important role in wound healing/tissue regeneration in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This article discusses the outcomes of laser therapy in soft-tissue management, periodontal nonsurgical and surgical treatment, osseous surgery and peri-implant treatment, focusing on postoperative wound healing of periodontal and peri-implant tissues, based on scientific evidence from currently available basic and clinical studies, as well as on case reports.
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Azevedo AS, Monteiro LS, Ferreira F, Delgado ML, Garcês F, Carreira S, Martins M, Suarez-Quintanilla J. In vitro histological evaluation of the surgical margins made by different laser wavelengths in tongue tissues. J Clin Exp Dent 2016; 8:e388-e396. [PMID: 27703606 PMCID: PMC5045685 DOI: 10.4317/jced.52830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lasers have become standard tools for the surgical treatment of oral lesions. The purpose of this study is to determine the surgical margins and histologically evaluate the tissue thermal effects induced by different types of surgical instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cuts were made in pork tongues' mucosa with different lasers (Er:YAG at 2W with and without air / water spray and at 4W with and without air / water spray; CO2 at 3.5W and 7W in pulsed mode and at 7W in continuous mode; the diode laser at 3.5W and boost 3.5W in pulsed mode; Nd:YAG at 6W, 40Hz and electroscalpel at 5W and conventional scalpel as control. Macroscopic and microscopic morphological changes were evaluated. RESULTS The results of this study showed that the surgical instruments that caused greater tissue damage extension were: the Nd:YAG laser (670.68μm), the diode 3.5W and boost PW (626.82μm), the CO2 7W CW (571.18μm), the CO2 at 7W PW (485.45μm), the diode 3.5W PW (456.15μm), the electroscalpel (409.57μm) and lastly the CO2 laser 3.5W PW (306.19μm) and Er:YAG (74.66μm) laser, regardless of power, mode or air / water spray used. An association between the Tissue Damage Extension and the Degree of Carbonization (r = 0.789; P = 0.01), and an association between the Tissue Damage Extension and Regularity of the Incision were found (r = -, 299; P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that lasers can be used in soft tissues biopsies of the oral cavity, enabling a correct histopathological analysis, as long as the biological effects of each laser type are considered. The Er:YAG laser revealed its potential for biopsies of the oral mucosa ensuring a successful histological evaluation and the CO2 laser at 3,5W in pulsed mode presented itself as the best choice for surgeries with hemostasis. Key words:CO2 laser, diode laser, Er:YAG laser, laser surgery, Nd:YAG laser, oral mucosa, thermal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Salvaterra Azevedo
- Stomatology Department, Valongo Unit - São João Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Morphology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Luís-Silva Monteiro
- Stomatology Department, Valongo Unit - São João Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Medicine and Oral Surgery Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal; Pathology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Morphology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal; Pathology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Maria-Leonor Delgado
- Pathology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Garcês
- Pathology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Sofia Carreira
- Physiology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
| | - Marco Martins
- Stomatology Department, Valongo Unit - São João Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal; Physiology Department, University Institute of Health Sciences, Paredes, Portugal
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Al-Hashedi AA, Laurenti M, Abdallah MN, Albuquerque RF, Tamimi F. Electrochemical Treatment of Contaminated Titanium Surfaces in Vitro: An Approach for Implant Surface Decontamination. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1504-1518. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq Ali Al-Hashedi
- Faculty
of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
- Department
of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana’a University, Wadi Dhaher Road, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Avenida Séneca,
2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohamed-Nur Abdallah
- Faculty
of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Rubens F. Albuquerque
- Faculty
of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 253 Avenida Prof. Dr. Zeferino Vaz, 109 Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty
of Dentistry, McGill University, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C7, Canada
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Kushima SS, Nagasawa M, Shibli JA, Brugnera A, Rodrigues JA, Cassoni A. Evaluation of Temperature and Roughness Alteration of Diode Laser Irradiation of Zirconia and Titanium for Peri-Implantitis Treatment. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:194-9. [PMID: 27058359 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of diode laser (gallium, aluminium, arsenide [GaAlAs]) irradiation with decontamination parameters on the temperature and roughness of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), titanium (TI), and sandblasted large grit acid-etched titanium (SLA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Three groups (n = 10) of standardized disks with 5 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness were produced with Y-TZP obtained from computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM), machined TI and SLA. The diode laser single application (808 nm, 20 sec, 1 W, 50 Hz, t on = 100 ms, t off = 100 ms, energy density = 28.29 J/cm(2)) was performed in contact mode, on each disk. The temperature was measured by a thermosensor attached to a digital thermometer fixed to the opposite irradiated surface. The temperature gradient (ΔT) was calculated (ΔT = final temperature - initial temperature) for each group. The parameters Ra (in μm) and Sa (in μm(2)) were measured by white light confocal laser microscopy to express the surface roughness. Data of ΔT was statistically analyzed by one way ANOVA at the 95% confidence level and compared by Tukey post-hoc test (α = 0.05). Roughness data was analyzed by t test. RESULTS The diode laser irradiation presented the following results (ΔT value): Y-TZP = 10.3°C(B); TI = 38.6°C(A), and SLA = 26.7°C(A). The ΔT values ((°)C) of the titanium groups were higher than for the Y-TZP group. For both roughness parameters (Ra and Sa), data did not show statistical significant differences to "irradiation" factor (p > 0.05) to Y-TZP and SLA. The Ra results (in μm) were: Y-TZP (control) = 0.73 (0.55); Y-TZP (irradiated) = 0.45 (0.27); SLA (control) = 0.74 (0.23); and SLA (irradiated) = 0.99 (0.33). The Sa results (in μm(2)) were: Y-TZP (control) = 1.39 (1.05); Y-TZP (irradiated) = 0.73 (0.41); SLA (control) = 0.85 (0.08); and SLA (irradiated) = 1.27 (0.44). CONCLUSIONS Diode laser irradiation for peri-implantitis treatment increased both zirconia and TI temperature without surface roughness alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Setsuko Kushima
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University Centro CEP , Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magda Nagasawa
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University Centro CEP , Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University Centro CEP , Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Brugnera
- 2 Dental Clinic, Department of Biomedicine Engineering, Camilo Castelo Branco University and Instituto Brugnera e Zanin , Eugênio de Melo CEP São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Rodrigues
- 3 Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University Centro CEP, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cassoni
- 3 Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Guarulhos University Centro CEP, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mizutani K, Aoki A, Coluzzi D, Yukna R, Wang CY, Pavlic V, Izumi Y. Lasers in minimally invasive periodontal and peri-implant therapy. Periodontol 2000 2016; 71:185-212. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Alagha HZ, Gülsoy M. Photothermal ablation of liver tissue with 1940-nm thulium fiber laser: an ex vivo study on lamb liver. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:15007. [PMID: 26790641 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.1.015007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Seoane J, González-Mosquera A, García-Martín JM, García-Caballero L, Seoane-Romero JM, Varela-Centelles P. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia after diode laser oral surgery. An experimental study. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2015; 20:e554-9. [PMID: 26116841 PMCID: PMC4598923 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.20519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To examine the process of epithelial reparation in a surgical wound caused by diode laser. Material and Methods An experimental study with 27 Sprage-Dawley rats was undertaken. The animals were randomly allocated to two experimental groups, whose individuals underwent glossectomy by means of a diode laser at different wattages, and a control group treated using a number 15 scalpel blade.
The animals were slaughtered at the 2nd, 7th, and 14th day after glossectomy. The specimens were independently studied by two pathologists (blinded for the specimens’ group). Results At the 7th day, re-epithelisation was slightly faster for the control group (conventional scalpel) (p=0.011). At the 14th day, complete re-epithelization was observed for all groups. The experimental groups displayed a pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Conclusions It is concluded that, considering the limitations of this kind of experimental studies, early re-epithelisation occurs slightly faster when a conventional scalpel is used for incision, although re-epithelisation is completed in two weeks no matter the instrument used. In addition, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia is a potential event after oral mucosa surgery with diode laser. Knowledge about this phenomenon (not previously described) may prevent diagnostic mistakes and inadequate treatment approaches, particularly when dealing with potentially malignant oral lesions. Key words:Diode laser, animal model, oral biopsy, oral cancer, oral precancer, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Seoane
- Cantón Grande 5, Apt. 1 E, 15003 A Coruña, Spain,
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Angermair J, Dettmar P, Linsenmann R, Nolte D. Laser therapy of a dermal nevus in the esthetic zone of the nasal tip: A case report and comprehensive literature review. J COSMET LASER THER 2015; 17:296-300. [PMID: 25803680 DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2015.1027229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This case report demonstrates the ablation of a dermal nevus using a diode laser in the esthetically very demanding facial area of the nasal tip. The clinical outcome shows good results and a high level of patient satisfaction. Due to effective wound granulation and healing, elaborate skin grafts could be avoided. The application of the contact laser ensures safe treatment in highly perfused areas thanks to haptic feedback and good coagulative effect. The method should therefore be considered as an alternative to other ablative procedures for benign lesions in the facial area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Linsenmann
- a Clinic for Oral Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery , Munich , Germany
| | - Dirk Nolte
- a Clinic for Oral Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery , Munich , Germany
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Aesthetic Depigmentation of Gingival Smoker's Melanosis Using Carbon Dioxide Lasers. Case Rep Dent 2015; 2015:510589. [PMID: 25954535 PMCID: PMC4410537 DOI: 10.1155/2015/510589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanic pigmentation results from melanin produced by the melanocytes present in the basal layer of the oral epithelium. One of the most common causes of oral pigmentation is smoker melanosis, a condition associated with the melanocyte stimulation caused by cigarette smoke. This paper aims to illustrate the use of a carbon dioxide laser in the removal of the gingival melanic pigmentation for aesthetic reasons in a 27-year-old female patient with history of a smoking habit. The carbon dioxide laser vaporisation was performed on the gingival mucosa with effective and quick results and without any complications or significant symptoms after the treatment. We conclude that a carbon dioxide laser could be a useful, effective, and safe instrument to treat the aesthetic complications caused by oral smoker melanosis.
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Biopsy of different oral soft tissues lesions by KTP and diode laser: histological evaluation. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:761704. [PMID: 25405233 PMCID: PMC4227390 DOI: 10.1155/2014/761704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Oral biopsy aims to obtain clear and safe diagnosis; it can be performed by scalpel or laser. The controversy in this latter application is the thermal alteration due to tissue heating. The aim of this study is the histological evaluation of margins of “in vivo” biopsies collected by diode and KTP lasers. Material and Methods. 17 oral benign lesions biopsies were made by diode 808 nm (SOL, DenMatItalia, Italy) and KTP 532 nm (SmartLite, DEKA, Italy). Samples were observed at OM LEICA DM 2000; margin alterations were evaluated through Leica Application Suite 3.4. Results. Epithelial and connective damages were assessed for each pathology with an average of 0.245 mm and a standard deviation of ±0.162 mm in mucoceles, 0.382 mm ± 0.149 mm in fibromas, 0.336 mm ± 0.106 mm in hyperkeratosis, 0.473 mm ± 0.105 mm in squamous hyperplasia, 0.182 mm in giant cell granuloma, and 0.149 mm in melanotic macula. Discussion. The histologic aspect of lesions influenced the response to laser, whereas the greater inflammation and cellularity were linked with the higher thermal signs. Many artifacts were also associated to histologic procedures. Conclusion. Both tested lasers permitted sure histologic diagnosis. However, it is suggested to enlarge biopsies of about 0.5 mm, to avoid thermal alterations, especially in inflammatory lesions like oral lichen planus.
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Different laser wavelengths comparison in the second-stage implant surgery: an ex vivo study. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:1631-9. [PMID: 24989333 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The implant surgery consists of two distinct techniques, the transmucosal, also known as "one-stage" and the "two-stage" technique. Lasers represent a possible aid in implant dentistry, especially in the two-stage technique and its main characteristics are represented by a decreased trauma to bone and soft tissues, a reduction of pain as well as a reduction of the risk of postoperative infections. The aim of this study was to analyze in an animal model the thermal elevation induced by four different laser wavelengths (diode, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, KTP) during the implant uncovering. Four pig jaws were used to carry out this study. Five implants were placed in each anatomical specimen for a total of 20 fixtures. Four wavelengths (532, 810, 1,064 and 2,940 nm) were used to uncover the implants. Two thermocouples were used to measure temperature changes during laser irradiation at bone level, peri-implant tissues and on the fixture surface The thermocouples were connected with two probes of 1.5 mm in diameter, in order to simultaneously recording two temperature variations. Surface temperature was also checked during all procedures with a thermal camera (Thermovision A 800, Flyr Systems, Stockolm, Sweden) connected to a PC. The mean temperatures of each specimen (five fixtures) were calculated (TM1, mean temperature at the beginning; TM2, mean peak temperature). Furthermore, a record of the temperature at 1 min after the end of the surgical procedure was taken (mean: TM3). All the recorded values were statistically evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The thermocouples recorded a lower increase in temperature for Er:YAG and KTP laser; Nd:YAG and diode laser produced similar increases characterized by higher values. The thermo-camera pointed out the lower increase for Er:YAG and higher for diode laser. KTP laser resulted faster in uncovering implants and diode laser was the one that needed more time. This ex vivo study showed that laser utilization with the recommended parameters gives no risks of dangerous thermal elevation to the tissues and implants.
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Kriechbaumer LK, Susani M, Kircher SG, Distelmaier K, Happak W. Comparative study of CO2- and Er:YAG laser ablation of multiple cutaneous neurofibromas in von Recklinghausen's disease. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:1083-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Apicoectomy Using Er:YAG Laser in Association with Microscope: A Comparative Retrospective Investigation. Photomed Laser Surg 2013; 31:110-5. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Guidotti R, Merigo E, Fornaini C, Rocca JP, Medioni E, Vescovi P. Er:YAG 2,940-nm laser fiber in endodontic treatment: a help in removing smear layer. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 29:69-75. [PMID: 23212445 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Guidotti
- Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Laser-Assisted Surgery Unit, Odontostomatology Section, Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.) - European Master Degree on Oral Laser Applications, University of Parma and Parma Hospital, via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy,
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