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He K, Zhou X, Zheng F, Ju X, Fu SN, Wong AYL. Histological, Physiological and Biomechanical Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Tendon Healing in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:2659-2707. [PMID: 37899380 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03364-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Low-level Laser Therapy (LLLT) was widely used in clinical practice for tendon disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms and effectiveness of LLLT in treating tendon injury remain unclear. Therefore, the present study was conducted aiming to summarize the evidence regarding the histological, physiological, and biomechanical effects of LLLT on tendon healing in animal and human models. Four databases were searched for relevant literature. Four independent reviewers screened abstracts and full-text articles, extracted relevant data, evaluated the risk of bias, and quantified the quality of evidence. Database searches yielded 1400 non-duplicated citations. Fifty-five studies were included (50 animal and five human studies). Animal studies revealed that LT had stimulating effects on collagen organization, collagen I and collagen II formation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, hydroxyproline, maximum load, maximum elongation before breaking, and tendon stiffness. However, LLLT had inhibitory effects on the number of inflammatory cells, histological scores, relative amount of collagen III, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, MMP-1, and MMP-3. Although one human study found that LLLT reduced the concentration of PGE2 in peritendinous tissue of the Achilles tendon, other human studies revealed that the effects of LLLT on the physiology and biomechanics of human tendons remained uncertain. LLLT facilitates tendon healing through various histological, physiological, and biomechanical effects in animal models. Only post-LLLT anti-inflammatory effects were found in human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexu He
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuelian Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Feisheng Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaojie Ju
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Siu-Ngor Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Arnold Y L Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Alzyoud JA, Omoush SA, Al-Qtaitat A. Photobiomodulation for Tendinopathy: A Review of Preclinical Studies. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:370-377. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jihad A.M. Alzyoud
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Samya A. Omoush
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Aiman Al-Qtaitat
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak, Jordan
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de Freitas Dutra Júnior E, Hidd SMCM, Amaral MM, Filho ALMM, Assis L, Ferreira RS, Barraviera B, Martignago CCS, Figueredo-Silva J, de Oliveira RA, Tim CR. Treatment of partial injury of the calcaneus tendon with heterologous fibrin biopolymer and/or photobiomodulation in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:971-981. [PMID: 34041619 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the new heterologous fibrin biopolymer associated, or not, with photobiomodulation therapy for application in tendon injuries, considered a serious and common orthopedic problem. Thus, 84 Rattus norvegicus had partial transection of the calcaneus tendon (PTCT) and were randomly divided into: control (CG); heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HFB); photobiomodulation (PBM); heterologous fibrin biopolymer + photobiomodulation (HFB + PBM). The animals received HFB immediately after PTCT, while PBM (660 nm, 40 mW, 0.23 J) started 24 h post injury and followed every 24 h for 7, 14, and 21 days. The results of the edema volume showed that after 24 h of PTCT, there was no statistical difference among the groups. After 7, 14, and 21 days, it was observed that the treatment groups were effective in reducing edema when compared to the control. The HFB had the highest edema volume reduction after 21 days of treatment. The treatment groups did not induce tissue necrosis or infections on the histopathological analysis. Tenocyte proliferation, granulation tissue, and collagen formation were observed in the PTCT area in the HFB and HFB + PBM groups, which culminated a better repair process when compared to the CG in the 3 experimental periods. Interestingly, the PBM group revealed, in histological analysis, major tendon injury after 7 days; however, in the periods of 14 and 21 days, the PBM had a better repair process compared to the CG. In the quantification of collagen, there was no statistical difference between the groups in the 3 experimental periods. The findings suggest that the HFB and PBM treatments, isolated or associated, were effective in reducing the volume of the edema, stimulating the repair process. However, the use of HFB alone was more effective in promoting the tendon repair process. Thus, the present study consolidates previous studies of tendon repair with this new HFB. Future clinical trials will be needed to validate this proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enéas de Freitas Dutra Júnior
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Científico E Tecnológico, University Brazil, Carolina FonsecaSão Paulo, 235, Brazil
| | | | - Marcello Magri Amaral
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Científico E Tecnológico, University Brazil, Carolina FonsecaSão Paulo, 235, Brazil
| | | | - Livia Assis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Científico E Tecnológico, University Brazil, Carolina FonsecaSão Paulo, 235, Brazil
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rauirys Alencar de Oliveira
- Department of Health Sciences, Piauí State University (UESPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Uninovafapi, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Instituto Científico E Tecnológico, University Brazil, Carolina FonsecaSão Paulo, 235, Brazil.
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Amini M, Momeni M, Jahandideh A, Ghoranneviss M, Soudmand S, Yousefi P, Khandan S, Amini M. Tendon repair by plasma jet treatment. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:621-626. [PMID: 34178855 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00789-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective In recent years many researchers applied cold plasma for wound healing. The cold plasma is irradiated on the surface of wound. In this paper the effect of irradiation of cold plasma on the skin for healing of injured tissue which is located inside body, such as tendon, is evaluated. Methods The male, white New Zealand, (20-week-old) were selected. Aloxan injection induced for diabetes induction and a week later the blood glucose level was measured. The standard tendon injury was created. The rabbits was divided in 3 groups. Control group, Plasma treated group at 5 kv, plasma treated group at 10 kv. Cold plasma was applied to the rabbits for 21 days. Results After 21 days the tendon tissue were considered histologically. The results show that inflammatory cells were significantly lower in the tendon treated with cold plasma at 10 kv than the others, which confirms that cold plasma treatment reduce the inflammation phase. Cold plasma treatment led to increase neovascularation and collagen production. Conclusion The results of this study confirm that the cold plasma treatment of skin has positive effect on healing of tissue inside body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amini
- Faculty of Physics, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Mahdi Momeni
- Faculty of Physics, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahandideh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Ghoranneviss
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Soudmand
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paniz Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khandan
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Amini
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Lopes Silva RSD, Pessoa DR, Mariano RR, Castro ABS, de Oliveira RA, Ferraresi C. Systematic Review of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on the Experimental Calcaneal Tendon Injury in Rats. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:981-997. [PMID: 32191817 DOI: 10.1111/php.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review analyzed the light parameters and the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) through low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and/or LED (light-emitting diode) on tendon repair of rats submitted to calcaneal injury. This study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-Analysis, and PubMed and MEDLINE databases were accessed to search eligible studies published in English. The search terms were as follows: "Achilles tendon" or "Calcaneal tendon" or "tendon injuries" or "soft tissue injuries" and "tendinopathy" or "tendinitis" and "low-level light therapy" or "low-level laser therapy" or "low intensity power therapy" or "light-emitting diode" or photobiomodulation." The SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation) risks of bias was used to assess the risk of bias for selected studies. A total of 225 studies were found based on the descriptors used, and only 33 studies were eligible. Light parameters identified per point of irradiation were approximately 60 mW (continuous mode at infrared spectra), 2 W cm-2 , 2 J and 45 J cm-2 . Light parameters at red spectra, continuous versus pulsed mode, and PBMT combined or compared with other therapies such as ultrasound, and studies using unhealthy rats (ovariectomized and/or diabetic models) were also identified and grouped according to these similarities. The main effects found were decreased inflammatory markers and signs of inflammatory process. PBMT (laser/LED) has positive effects in reducing the inflammatory and time for tissue repair in animal models of tendon injury and/or tendinitis using parameters identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rauena Souto Diogo Lopes Silva
- Health Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual do Piaui, Teresina, Brazil.,Post-graduation program in Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cleber Ferraresi
- Post-graduation program in Biomedical Engineering, Universidade Brasil, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Lucke LD, Bortolazzo FO, Theodoro V, Fujii L, Bombeiro AL, Felonato M, Dalia RA, Carneiro GD, Cartarozzi LP, Vicente CP, Oliveira ALR, Mendonça FAS, Esquisatto MAM, Pimentel ER, de Aro AA. Low-level laser and adipose-derived stem cells altered remodelling genes expression and improved collagen reorganization during tendon repair. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12580. [PMID: 30734394 PMCID: PMC6536450 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The cellular therapy using adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) aims to improve tendon healing, considering that repaired tendons often result in a less resistant tissue. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of the ASCs combination with a low‐level laser (LLL), an effective photobiostimulation for the healing processes. Materials and methods Rats calcaneal tendons were divided into five groups: normal (NT), transected (T), transected and ASCs (SC) or LLL (L), or with ASCs and LLL (SCL). Results All treated groups presented higher expression of Dcn and greater organization of collagen fibres. In comparison with T, LLL also up‐regulated Gdf5 gene expression, ASCs up‐regulated the expression of Tnmd, and the association of LLL and ASCs down‐regulated the expression of Scx. No differences were observed for the expression of Il1b, Timp2, Tgfb1, Lox, Mmp2, Mmp8 and Mmp9, neither in the quantification of hydroxyproline, TNF‐α, PCNA and in the protein level of Tnmd. A higher amount of IL‐10 was detected in SC, L and SCL compared to T, and higher amount of collagen I and III was observed in SC compared to SCL. Conclusions Transplanted ASCs migrated to the transected region, and all treatments altered the remodelling genes expression. The LLL was the most effective in the collagen reorganization, followed by its combination with ASCs. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the LLL and ASCs combination during initial phases of tendon repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia D Lucke
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda O Bortolazzo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane Theodoro
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Fujii
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L Bombeiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maíra Felonato
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Dalia
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giane D Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana P Cartarozzi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Pontes Vicente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre L R Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A S Mendonça
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A M Esquisatto
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson R Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea A de Aro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Herminio Ometto University Center - UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Almeida MDS, Oliveira LP, Vieira CP, Guerra FDR, Pimentel ER. Birefringence of Collagen Fibres in Rat Calcaneal Tendons Treated with Acupuncture during Three Phases of Healing. Acupunct Med 2018; 34:27-32. [DOI: 10.1136/acupmed-2015-010845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Birefringence is an optical anisotropy that is investigated by polarisation microscopy, and has been valuable for the study of the oriented organisation of collagen fibres in tendons. However, the application of this technology to evaluate the effect of different acupuncture points during tendon healing has not yet been described. Objectives To evaluate the concentration of non-collagenous proteins (NCP) and birefringence in rat calcaneal tendons following injury during the three different phases of healing: inflammatory (7th day), proliferative (14th day), and remodelling (21st day). Methods Tendons of 120 Wistar rats were tenotomised and left untreated (teno group, n=24), treated with manual acupuncture at ST36 (ST36 group, n=24), BL57 (BL57 group, n=24) or ST36+BL57 (SB group, n=24), or treated with electroacupuncture at ST36+BL57 (EA group, n=24). Tendon samples were collected at 7, 14 and 21 days after injury (n=8 per group). NCP concentrations were measured using the Bradford method (n=4 each) and birefringence was examined using polarisation microscopy and image analysis (n=4 each). Comparison was also made with healthy (non-tenotomised) tendons in a subgroup of rats (n=4 each). Results Manual acupuncture at ST36 and BL57 increased molecular organisation of collagen fibres on day 14 and 21 after injury. Isolated use of BL57 and ST36 also increased collagen fibre organisation when examined on day 14 and 21, respectively. No significant increase in NCP concentration was observed in any of the treated tenotomised groups. Conclusions Acupuncture, through putative anti-inflammatory and mechanotransductor effects, may have a role in strengthening tendons and increasing resistance to re-rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos dos Santos Almeida
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Alfenas—UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia Prado Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia Da Ré Guerra
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Science Institute, Federal University of Alfenas—UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Poorpezeshk N, Ghoreishi SK, Bayat M, Pouriran R, Yavari M. Early Low-Level Laser Therapy Improves the Passive Range of Motion and Decreases Pain in Patients with Flexor Tendon Injury. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:530-535. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2018.4458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Poorpezeshk
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Research, and Developmental Center, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Surgery, Naft Central Hospital, Petroleum Industry Health Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, and Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Ramin Pouriran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Yavari
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Research, and Developmental Center, 15 Khordad Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Marques PP, Vieira CP, de Oliveira LP, Pimentel ER, Guerra FDR. Chronical treatment with sildenafil causes Achilles tendinopathy in rats. Life Sci 2018; 212:87-92. [PMID: 30267787 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The primary goal was to assess the effects of chronic sildenafil treatment over the Achilles tendons in rats. MAIN METHODS Animals were divided into two groups, control and sildenafil administration (n = 5). After 60 days, the tendons were subject to biochemical and image analysis to compare tendons between the groups: collagen I and decorin content, polarisation microscopy and birefringence analysis, and tissue zymography. KEY FINDINGS The animals exposed to sildenafil presented a much less organised tendon matrix, with reduced collagen I and non-collagenous protein content and a much higher decorin content. SIGNIFICANCE The results observed in the animals can be characterised as tendinopathy, a condition not yet described as a sildenafil side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus Pires Marques
- Department of Medicine, José do Rosário Vellano University - Unifenas, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Prado de Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia Da Ré Guerra
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Vieira CP, Viola M, Carneiro GD, D'Angelo ML, Vicente CP, Passi A, Pimentel ER. Glycine improves the remodeling process of tenocytes in vitro. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:804-814. [PMID: 29345399 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Tendinitis changes the biochemical and morphological properties of the tendon, promoting an increase of activity of metalloproteinases and disorganization of collagen bundles. Tenocytes, the primary cells in tendon, are scattered throughout the collagenic fibers, and are responsible of tendon remodeling and tissue repair in pathological condition. In vivo, glycine, component of the typical Gly-X-Y collagen tripeptide, showed beneficial effects in biochemical and biomechanical properties of Achilles tendon with tendinitis. In this study, we analyzed the effect of glycine in tenocytes subjected to inflammation. Tenocytes from Achilles tendon of rats were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) with and without previous treatment with glycine (20 mM). Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated, as well as the expression of matrix molecules such as glycosaminoglycans, metalloproteinases (MMPs), TIMPs, and collagen I. Glycine can revert the inflammation due to the action of TNF-α by controlling the MMPs quantity and activity. These data indicated that the molecules involved to remodeling process of extracellular matrix are modulated both by TNF-α and the availability of collagen precursors; in fact, this study indicates the glycine can be useful for treatment of inflammation and for modulating tenocytes metabolism in tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuela Viola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Giane Daniela Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa D'Angelo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Cristina Pontes Vicente
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, 21100, Italy
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, 13083-863 CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zellner EM, Hale MJ, Kraus KH. Application of tendon plating to manage failed calcaneal tendon repairs in a dog. Vet Surg 2018; 47:439-444. [DOI: 10.1111/vsu.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Zellner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa
| | - Michael J. Hale
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa
| | - Karl H. Kraus
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa
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12
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Rosso MPDO, Rosa Júnior GM, Buchaim DV, German IJS, Pomini KT, de Souza RG, Pereira M, Favaretto Júnior IA, Bueno CRDS, Gonçalves JBDO, Ferreira Júnior RS, Barraviera B, Andreo JC, Buchaim RL. Stimulation of morphofunctional repair of the facial nerve with photobiomodulation, using the end-to-side technique or a new heterologous fibrin sealant. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 175:20-28. [PMID: 28846931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This research evaluated the influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on lesions of the facial nerve repaired with the end-to-side technique or coaptation with a new heterologous fibrin sealant. Thirty-two Wistar rats were separated into 5 groups: Control group (CG), where the buccal branch of the facial nerve was collected; Experimental Suture Group (ESG) and Experimental Fibrin Group (EFG), in which the buccal branch was end-to-side sutured to the zygomatic branch on the right side of the face or coaptated with fibrin sealant on the left side; Experimental Suture Laser Group (ESLG) and Experimental Fibrin Laser Group (EFLG), in which the same procedures were performed as the ESG and EFG, associated with PBMT (wavelength of 830nm, energy density 6.2J/cm2, power output 30mW, beam area of 0.116cm2, power density 0.26W/cm2, total energy per session 2.16J, cumulative dose of 34.56J). The laser was applied for 24s/site at 3 points on the skin's surface, for a total application time of 72s, performed immediately after surgery and 3 times a week for 5weeks. A statistically significant difference was observed in the fiber nerve area between the EFG and EFLG (57.49±3.13 and 62.52±3.56μm2, respectively). For the area of the axon, fiber diameter, axon diameter, myelin sheath area and myelin sheath thickness no statistically significant differences were found (p<0.05). The functional recovery of whisker movement occurred faster in the ESLG and EFLG, which were associated with PBMT, with results closer to the CG. Therefore, PBMT accelerated morphological and functional nerve repair in both techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Iris Jasmin Santos German
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Torres Pomini
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gomes de Souza
- Human Morphophysiology (Anatomy), University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, SP, Brazil
| | - Mizael Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rui Seabra Ferreira Júnior
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Jesus Carlos Andreo
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rogério Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences (Anatomy), Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil; Human Morphophysiology (Anatomy), University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, SP, Brazil
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13
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Low level laser therapy accelerates the extracellular matrix reorganization of inflamed tendon. Tissue Cell 2017; 49:483-488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Vieira CP, De Oliveira LP, Da Ré Guerra F, Marcondes MCC, Pimentel ER. Green Tea and Glycine Modulate the Activity of Metalloproteinases and Collagen in the Tendinitis of the Myotendinous Junction of the Achilles Tendon. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2016; 299:918-28. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology; State University of Campinas; 13083-863 CP 6109 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - LetÍCia Prado De Oliveira
- Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas; 13083-863 CP 6109 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Flávia Da Ré Guerra
- Institute of Biological Sciences; Federal University of Alfenas; Alfenas Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Cintra Marcondes
- Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas; 13083-863 CP 6109 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Structural and Functional Biology; Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas; 13083-863 CP 6109 Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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15
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Da Ré Guerra F, Vieira CP, Oliveira LP, Marques PP, dos Santos Almeida M, Pimentel ER. Low-level laser therapy modulates pro-inflammatory cytokines after partial tenotomy. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:759-66. [PMID: 26984348 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tendon injuries give rise to substantial morbidity, and current understanding of the mechanisms involved in tendon injury and repair is limited. This lesion remains a clinical issue because the injury site becomes a region with a high incidence of recurrent rupture and has drawn the attention of researchers. We already demonstrated that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) stimulates the synthesis and organization of collagen I, MMP-9, and MMP-2 and improved the gait recovery of the treated animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of LLLT in the nitric oxide and cytokines profile during the inflammatory and remodeling phases. Adult male rats were divided into the following groups: G1--intact, G2-- injured, G3--injured + LLLT (4 J/cm(2) continuous), G4--injured + LLLT (4 J/cm(2)-20 Hz--pulsed laser). According to the analysis, the animals were euthanized on different dates (1, 4, 8, or 15 days after injury). ELISA assay of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, and TGF-β was performed. Western blotting of isoform of nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and nitric oxide dosage experiments was conducted. Our results showed that the pulsed LLLT seems to exert an anti-inflammatory effect over injured tendons, with reduction of the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and the decrease in the i-NOS activity. Thanks to the pain reduction and the facilitation of movement, there was a stimulation in the TGF-β and IL-1β release. In conclusion, we believe that pulsed LLLT worked effectively as a therapy to reestablish the tendon integrity after rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Da Ré Guerra
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Pedrozo Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Prado Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Petrus Pires Marques
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcos dos Santos Almeida
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Science, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 37130-000, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Edson Rosa Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, CP 6109, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Allahverdi A, Sharifi D, Takhtfooladi MA, Hesaraki S, Khansari M, Dorbeh SS. Evaluation of low-level laser therapy, platelet-rich plasma, and their combination on the healing of Achilles tendon in rabbits. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:1305-13. [PMID: 25759233 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tendon repair is still one of the challenges for rehabilitation. Various treatments for tendon injuries have been used in recent decade. This study was established to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment alone, and using combined method on the healing of Achilles tendon in rabbits. Seventy-two healthy mature male white New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into four groups of 18 animals each: control: partial tenotomy with no treatment, only 1 mL normal saline was injected on days 1, 8, and 15 at the site of splitting; PRP: partial tenotomy with PRP treatment on days 1, 8, and 15 at the site of splitting; LLLT: partial tenotomy with LLLT (K30 hand-held probe, AZOR, Technica, Russia, 650 nm, 30 mW, surface area = 1 cm(2), 60 S/cm(2), energy density = 1.8 J/cm(2)) for 15 consecutive days; LLLT + PRP: partial tenotomy with LLLT + PRP. At the end of trial, the rabbits were euthanatized and tendon specimens were harvested and were submitted for histopathological evaluation, hydroxyproline levels, and biomechanical measurement. The Tukey post hoc test was performed. The results for these parameters showed that PRP or LLLT alone has significant advantages over untreated animals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that the combined treatment with PRP and LLLT is even more efficient. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the two groups of LLLT and PRP. However, the treatments combining PRP and LLLT showed significant results in comparison of PRP or LLLT alone (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that the healing time of injured tendon decreases by using the two therapies combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Allahverdi
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
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17
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Vieira CP, Guerra FDR, de Oliveira LP, Almeida MS, Marcondes MCC, Pimentell ER. Green tea and glycine aid in the recovery of tendinitis of the Achilles tendon of rats. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:50-8. [PMID: 25360832 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2014.983270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Green tea (GT) is widely used due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Previous studies have shown beneficial effects of a glycine diet on the remodeling process in inflamed tendons. Tendinitis is commonly observed in athletes and is of concern to surgeons due to the slowness of the recovery process. Our hypothesis is that GT + a glycine diet may improve tendinitis. AIM OF THE STUDY To analyze the effect of GT and/or glycine in the diet on tendinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (G): control group (C); G1 and G4, tendinitis; G2 and G5, tendinitis supplied with GT; and G3 and G6, tendinitis supplied with GT and a glycine diet for 7 or 21 days, respectively. We performed zymography for metalloproteinase, biochemical, morphological and biomechanics tests. RESULTS G2, G3 and G5 showed high levels of hydroxyproline in relation to G1, while G4 showed high levels of glycosaminoglycans. High activity of metalloproteinase-2 was detected in G3. The organization of collagen bundles was better in G2 and G3. G5 showed similar birefringence measurements compared with C. G5 withstood a larger load compared with G4. CONCLUSIONS The presence of metalloproteinase-2 indicates that a tissue is undergoing a remodeling process. High birefringence suggests a better organization of collagen bundles. After 21 days, G5 sustained a high load before rupture, unlike G4. The results suggest that GT + a glycine diet has beneficial effects that aid in the recovery process of the tendon after tendinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas , Campinas, SP , Brazil and
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18
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de Oliveira LP, Vieira CP, Guerra FD, Almeida MS, Pimentel ER. Structural and biomechanical changes in the Achilles tendon after chronic treatment with statins. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 77:50-7. [PMID: 25544391 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cases of tendinopathy and tendon ruptures have been reported as side effects associated with statin therapy. This work assessed possible changes in the structural and biomechanical properties of the tendons after chronic treatment with statins. Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: treated with atorvastatin (A-20 and A-80), simvastatin (S-20 and S-80) and the group that received no treatment (C). The doses of statins were calculated using allometric scaling, based on the doses of 80 mg/day and 20 mg/day recommended for humans. The morphological aspect of the tendons in A-20, S-20 and S-80 presented signals consistent with degeneration. Both the groups A-80 and S-80 showed a less pronounced metachromasia in the compression region of the tendons. Measurements of birefringence showed that A-20, A-80 and S-80 groups had a lower degree of organization of the collagen fibers. In all of the groups treated with statins, the thickness of the epitenon was thinner when compared to the C group. In the biomechanical tests the tendons of the groups A-20, A-80 and S-20 were less resistant to rupture. Therefore, statins affected the organization of the collagen fibers and decreased the biomechanical strength of the tendons, making them more predisposed to ruptures.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P de Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - C P Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - F D Guerra
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M S Almeida
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - E R Pimentel
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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De Aro AA, Guerra FDR, Esquisatto MAM, Nakagaki WR, Gomes L, Pimentel ER. Biochemical and morphological alterations in the Achilles tendon of mdx mice. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 78:85-93. [PMID: 25327690 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dystrophin-deficient muscles have repeated cycles of necrosis and regeneration, being susceptible to injury induced by muscle contractions. Some studies have demonstrated that tendons are also affected in mdx mice, based especially on the changes in biomechanical properties arising from the respective linked muscles. However, most studies have focused only on alterations in the myotendinous junction. Thus, the purpose of this work was to study biochemical and morphological alterations in the Achilles tendons of 60-day-old mdx mice. Hydroxyproline quantification, showed higher collagen concentration in the mdx mice as compared with the control. No difference between the tendons of both groups was found in the noncollagenous proteins dosage, and in the amount of collagen type III detected in the western blotting analysis. The zymography for gelatinases detection showed higher amounts of metaloproteinase-2 (active isoform) and of metalloproteinase-9 (latent isoform) in the mdx mice. Measurements of birefringence, using polarization microscopy, showed higher molecular organization of the collagen fibers in the tendons of mdx mice in comparison to the control group, with presence of larger areas of crimp. Ponceau SS-stained tendon sections showed stronger staining of the extracellular matrix in the mdx groups. Toluidine blue-stained sections showed more intense basophilia in tendons of the control group. In morphometry, a higher number of inflammatory cells was detected in the epitendon of mdx group. In conclusion, the Achilles tendon of 60-day-old mdx mice presents higher collagen concentration and organization of the collagen fibers, enhanced metalloproteinase-2 activity, as well as prominent presence of inflammatory cells and lesser proteoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Aparecida De Aro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Effect ofCalendula OfficinalisCream on Achilles Tendon Healing. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2014; 298:428-35. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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