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Alves DRS, Decucio DDA, Alencar AHGD, Estrela CRDA, Souza JBD, Pinheiro ALB, Estrela C. Effect of low-power diode laser on infected root canals. Braz Dent J 2022; 33:8-17. [PMID: 35766720 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202204999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on infected root canals. Twenty-one human teeth were selected, and 18 were infected by E. faecalis for 60 days. The antimicrobial strategies tested were: G1. Root canal preparation (RCP) using Niquel-Titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, 2.5% NaOCl, and final irrigation with 17% EDTA, followed by PDT with methylene blue photosensitizer and laser diode low power; G2. RCP using stainless steel files and the same irrigation and PDT protocols as G1; G3. Same RCP protocol as G1 without PDT; G4. Only irrigation with 2.5% NaOCl; G5. Same PDT protocol as G1 without RCP; G6. Negative control; G7. Positive control. Samples for microbiological tests were collected initially (S1), after RCP (S2), and after PDT (S3). Subsequently, the roots were sectioned and prepared for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Bacterial growth was analyzed according to the turbidity of the culture medium, followed by spectrophotometric optical density (nm). The effect of PDT on the dentinal structure was evaluated at magnifications 1,600X and 5,000X and described qualitatively. The Wilcoxon test was used for the comparisons from the same specimens, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare groups ((=5%). Bacteria were found in all experimental groups' microbiological samples (S1, S2 and S3). The optical density of culture media was lower in S2 than in S1 of G1, 2, 3, and 4 (p> 0.05). After PDT (S3) in G1 and 2, there was an additional reduction in optical density of the culture medium, respectively (p>0.05). In Group 5, the analysis of culture media at S2 revealed an increase in optical density compared to S1(p>0.05). In SEM images of G1, 2, and 5, dentin with melting and recrystallization areas were evidenced. After preparation of the root canal with the rotary system or manually associated with 2.5% NaOCl, PDT was not able to completely eliminate E. faecalis present in the root canal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Estrela
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Vieira WF, Kenzo-Kagawa B, Alvares LE, Cogo JC, Baranauskas V, da Cruz-Höfling MA. Exploring the ability of low-level laser irradiation to reduce myonecrosis and increase Myogenin transcription after Bothrops jararacussu envenomation. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2021; 20:571-583. [PMID: 33895984 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-021-00041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Envenoming caused by snakebites is a very important neglected tropical disease worldwide. The myotoxic phospholipases present in the bothropic venom disrupt the sarcolemma and compromise the mechanisms of energy production, leading to myonecrosis. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been used as an effective tool to treat diverse cases of injuries, such as snake venom-induced myonecrosis. Based on that, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of PBMT through low-level laser irradiation (904 nm) on the muscle regeneration after the myonecrosis induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom (Bjssu) injection, focusing on myogenic regulatory factors expression, such as Pax7, MyoD, and Myogenin (MyoG). Male Swiss mice (Mus musculus), 6-8-week-old, weighing 22 ± 3 g were used. Single sub-lethal Bjssu dose or saline was injected into the right mice gastrocnemius muscle. At 3, 24, 48, and 72 h after injections, mice were submitted to PBMT treatment. When finished the periods of 48 and 72 h, mice were euthanized and the right gastrocnemius were collected for analyses. We observed extensive inflammatory infiltrate in all the groups submitted to Bjssu injections. PBMT was able to reduce the myonecrotic area at 48 and 72 h after envenomation. There was a significant increase of MyoG mRNA expression at 72 h after venom injection. The data suggest that beyond the protective effect promoted by PBMT against Bjssu-induced myonecrosis, the low-level laser irradiation was able to stimulate the satellite cells, thus enhancing the muscle repair by improving myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willians Fernando Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Semiconductors, Instruments and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Kenzo-Kagawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Elvira Alvares
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Cogo
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Brazil University, Itaquera - São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Baranauskas
- Department of Semiconductors, Instruments and Photonics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice da Cruz-Höfling
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato 255, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil. .,Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important human pathogens that is responsible for a variety of diseases ranging from skin and soft tissue infections to endocarditis and sepsis. In recent decades, the treatment of staphylococcal infections has become increasingly difficult as the prevalence of multi-drug resistant strains continues to rise. With increasing mortality rates and medical costs associated with drug resistant strains, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic options. Many innovative strategies for alternative drug development are being pursued, including disruption of biofilms, inhibition of virulence factor production, bacteriophage-derived antimicrobials, anti-staphylococcal vaccines, and light-based therapies. While many compounds and methods still need further study to determine their feasibility, some are quickly approaching clinical application and may be available in the near future.
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Ervolino E, Statkievicz C, Toro LF, de Mello-Neto JM, Cavazana TP, Issa JPM, Dornelles RCM, de Almeida JM, Nagata MJH, Okamoto R, Casatti CA, Garcia VG, Theodoro LH. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy improves the alveolar repair process and prevents the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaws after tooth extraction in senile rats treated with zoledronate. Bone 2019; 120:101-113. [PMID: 30339908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the alveolar repair of rats with major risk factors for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Senile rats received 0.45 ml of vehicle (VEH and VEH/aPDT) or 0.45 ml of zoledronate (ZOL and ZOL/aPDT) every three days for seven weeks. After three weeks of treatment, the first lower left molar was extracted. VEH/aPDT and ZOL/aPDT were submitted to aPDT on the extraction site at 0, 2 and 4 days postoperatively. Euthanasia was performed 28 days postoperatively and the extraction site was evaluated by clinical, histological, histometric, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis. ZOL showed tissue repair impairment; lower percentage of newly formed bone tissue (NFBT); higher percentage of non-vital bone tissue (NVBT); fewer mature collagen fibers and increased immunolabeling for tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. ZOL/aPDT showed clinical and histological characteristics of the extraction site, percentage of NFBT and percentage of mature collagen fiber similar to VEH. Percentage of NVBT and immunolabeling for inflammatory cytokines in ZOL/aPDT was lower than in ZOL. Immunolabeling for tartarato-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was lower in ZOL and ZOL/aPDT. aPDT in the dental extraction site improves tissue repair process and prevents the occurrence of BRONJ-like lesions after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilson Ervolino
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, CEP 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Group for the Research and Study of Laser in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Cristian Statkievicz
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luan Felipe Toro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250, CEP 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brazil; Group for the Research and Study of Laser in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - João Martins de Mello-Neto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; Group for the Research and Study of Laser in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Thamires Priscila Cavazana
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Mardegan Issa
- São Paulo University (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, Avenida do Café, s/n, CEP 14040-904, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Milanezi de Almeida
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria José Hitomi Nagata
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Aparecido Casatti
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Valdir Gouveia Garcia
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; Group for the Research and Study of Laser in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Helena Theodoro
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil; Group for the Research and Study of Laser in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rua José Bonifácio, 1193, CEP 16015-050, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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Ahmed I, Fang Y, Lu M, Yan Q, Kamel AEHM, Hamblin MR, Dai T. Recent Patents on Light-Based Anti-Infective Approaches. RECENT PATENTS ON ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2018; 13:70-88. [PMID: 29119936 PMCID: PMC5938159 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x11666171108104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious health threats to modern medicine. The lack of potent antibiotics puts us at a disadvantage in the fight against infectious diseases, especially those caused by antibiotic-resistant microbial strains. To this end, an urgent need to search for alternative antimicrobial approaches has arisen. In the last decade, light-based anti-infective therapy has made significant strides in this fight to combat antibiotic resistance among various microbial strains. This method includes utilizing antimicrobial blue light, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, and germicidal ultraviolet irradiation, among others. Light-based therapy is advantageous over traditional antibiotics in that it eradicates microbial cells rapidly and the likelihood of light-resistance development by microbes is low. METHODS This review highlights the patents on light-based therapy that were filed approximately within the last decade and are dedicated to eradicating pathogenic microorganisms. The primary database that was used for the search was Google Patents. The searches were performed using the keywords including blue light, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, ultraviolet irradiation, antibiotic resistance, disinfection, bacterium, fungus, and virus. RESULTS Forty-five patents were obtained in our search: 9 patents for the antimicrobial blue light approach, 21 for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, 11 for UV irradiation, and lastly 4 for other light-based anti-infective approaches. The treatments and devices discussed in this review are interestingly enough able to be used in various different functions and settings, such as dental applications, certain eye diseases, skin and hard surface cleansing, decontamination of internal organs (e.g., the stomach), decontamination of apparel and equipment, eradication of pathogenic microorganisms from buildings and rooms, etc. Most of the devices and inventions introduce methods of destroying pathogenic bacteria and fungi without harming human cells and tissues. CONCLUSIONS Light-based antimicrobial approaches hold great promise for the future in regards to treating antibiotic-resistant infections and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ahmed
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Lu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Quan Yan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed El-Hussein Mohamed Kamel
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Zhang X, Ma YF, Wang L, Jiang N, Qin CH, Hu YJ, Yu B. A rabbit model of implant-related osteomyelitis inoculated with biofilm after open femoral fracture. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4995-5001. [PMID: 29201204 PMCID: PMC5704256 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, animal models used in research on implant-associated osteomyelitis primarily use intramedullary fixation and initial inoculum of planktonic bacterial cells. However, these techniques have certain limitations, including lack of rotational stability and instable inoculation. To improve these models, the present study aimed to establish a novel rabbit model of implant-associated osteomyelitis using biofilm as the initial inoculum following plate fixation of the femoral fracture. A total of 24 New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into two equal groups. Osteotomy was performed at the right femoral shaft using a wire saw following fixation with a 5-hole stainless steel plate. The plates were not colonized with bacteria in group 1, but colonized with a biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus (American Type Culture Collection, 25923) in group 2. All the rabbits were sacrificed after 21 days for clinical, X-ray, micro-computed tomography and histological assessments of the severity of osteomyelitis. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for biofilm assessment. In group 2, pus formation, periosteal reaction, cortical destruction and absorption were observed in all the rabbits and biofilm formation was observed on all the plates. However, no pus formation was observed except for a slight inflammatory response and all the plates appeared clean without infection in group 1. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant regarding histologic scores and semi-quantification of the bacteria on the plates (P<0.001). In the present study, a novel rabbit model of infection following internal plate fixation of open fracture was successfully established, providing a novel tool for the study of implant-associated osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Fei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-He Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Almeida PP, Pereira ÍS, Rodrigues KB, Leal LS, Marques AS, Rosa LP, da Silva FC, da Silva RAA. Photodynamic therapy controls of Staphylococcus aureus intradermal infection in mice. Lasers Med Sci 2017. [PMID: 28646389 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus lead to skin infections, as well as soft tissues and bone infections. Given the communal resistance to antibiotics developed by strains of this bacterium, photodynamic therapy emerges as a promising alternative treatment to control and cure infections. Females of the Balb/C mice were infected with 108 CFU of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and divided into four distinct groups: P-L- (negative control group), P+L- (group exposed only to curcumin), P-L+ (group exposed only to LED incidence of 450 nm, 75 mW/cm2, and 54 J/cm2 for 10 min), and P+L+ (group exposed to curcumin followed by 10 min of LED irradiation) (n = 24). The mice were euthanized 48 and 72 h after infection, and biologic materials were collected for analysis of the bacterial load, peripheral blood leukocyte counts, and draining lymph nodes cell counts. The normalization of data was checked and the ANOVA test was applied. The bacterial load in the draining lymph node of P+L+ group was lower when compared to the control groups 72 h post infection (p < 0.0001), indicating that the LED incidence associated with curcumin controls of the staphylococci intradermal infection. The number of the total lymph node cells shows to be lower than control groups in the two availed times (p < 0.01). The histological analysis and the counting of white blood cells did not show differences among cells in the blood and in the tissue of infection. This is the first report showing that photodynamic therapy may be effective against MRSA infection in a murine model of intradermal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lorena Santos Leal
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, UFBA, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Robson Amaro Augusto da Silva
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, UFBA, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil.,Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rio de Contas Street, 58 Candeias, Vitoria da Conquista, BA, CEP 45029-094, Brazil
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Ranjbar R, Takhtfooladi MA. The effects of photobiomodulation therapy on Staphylococcus aureus infected surgical wounds in diabetic rats. A microbiological, histopathological, and biomechanical study. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 31:498-504. [PMID: 27579876 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160080000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) at 685 nm on diabetic wound healing in rats suffering from bacterial infection induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). METHODS Thirty streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were allocated into two groups: control and PBMT. A 4-cm full-thickness linear-incision was made on the dorsal midline and was contaminated with S. aureus. The wounds in the PBMT group were irradiated daily for 5 consecutive days, starting 3 days after the induction and always in the mornings. RESULTS The result revealed that PBMT resulted in a significant decrease in S. aureus CFU in the PBMT group in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). The length of wounds, in the 2nd and 3rd weeks, in the PBMT group were significantly shorter compared to the control group (P<0.05). PBMT caused a significant increase in the histological parameters in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, PBMT significantly increased the breaking strength of the surgical scars produced in the skin of the PBMT group when compared to the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Photobiomodulation therapy may be useful in the management of wound infection through a significant bacterial growth inhibition and an acceleration of wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Full professor, Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Design and supervised all phases of the study
| | - Mohammad Ashrafzadeh Takhtfooladi
- PhD, Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; statistical analysis; manuscript writing
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Skwor TA, Klemm S, Zhang H, Schardt B, Blaszczyk S, Bork MA. Photodynamic inactivation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli: A metalloporphyrin comparison. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 165:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Dos Reis JA, Dos Santos JN, Barreto BS, de Assis PN, Almeida PF, Pinheiro ALB. Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) in osteomyelitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus: Microbiological and histological study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 149:235-42. [PMID: 26111990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is an inflammation either of medullar spaces or of the surface of cortical bones, which represents a bacterial infection. Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (PACT) is a treatment based on a cytotoxic photochemical reaction that induces a series of metabolic reactions and culminates in bacterial suppression. Such effect led to the idea that it could be used as a treatment of osteomyelitis. Following approval by the Animal Experimentation Committee of the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Bahia, the present randomized study used eighty Wistar rats with the aim to evaluate, by microbiological and histological analysis, the effects of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - PACT on tibial surgical bone defects in rats infected by Staphylococcus aureus. The animals were divided in groups: Control (non-infected); Control Osteomyelitis Induction; Saline solution; Photosensitizer; Red Laser and PACT - on this group, a diode laser (40mW; λ660nm ∅=0.04cm(2), CW, 10J/cm(2)) was used in combination with 5μg/ml of toluidine blue as the photosensitizer. On the microbiological study, immediately after treatment, the PACT group presented a bacterial reduction of 97.4% (p<0.001). Thirty days after treatment, there was a bacterial reduction of more than 99.9% (p<0.001). In the histological study, it was observed that the PACT group demonstrated an intense presence of osteocytes and absence of bone sequestration and micro-abscesses. The PACT using toluidine blue was effective in reducing the number of S. aureus enabling a better quality bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Alves Dos Reis
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Jean Nunes Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Brunna Santos Barreto
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Nascimento de Assis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Microorganism, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Fernando Almeida
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Ecology of Microorganism, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro
- Center of Biophotonics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA 40110-150, Brazil; National Institute of Optics and Photonics, University of São Paulo, Physics Institute of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13560-970, Brazil; Camilo Castelo Branco University, Núcleo do Parque Tecnológico de São José dos Campos, São José dos Campos, SP 12247-004, Brazil.
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