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Yang Y, Yang R, Deng F, Yang L, Yang G, Liu Y, Tian Q, Wang Z, Li A, Shang L, Cheng G, Zhang L. Immunoactivation by Cutaneous Blue Light Irradiation Inhibits Remote Tumor Growth and Metastasis. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1055-1068. [PMID: 38633599 PMCID: PMC11019738 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
An improved innate immunity will respond quickly to pathogens and initiate efficient adaptive immune responses. However, up to now, there have been limited clinical ways for effective and rapid consolidation of innate immunity. Here, we report that cutaneous irradiation with blue light of 450 nm rapidly stimulates the innate immunity through cell endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation in a noninvasive way. The iron porphyrin-containing proteins, mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt-c), and cytochrome p450 (CYP450) can be mobilized by blue light, which boosts electron transport and ROS production in epidermal and dermal tissues. As a messenger of innate immune activation, the increased level of ROS activates the NF-κB signaling pathway and promotes the secretion of immunomodulatory cytokines in skin. Initiated from skin, a regulatory network composed of cytokines and immune cells is established through the circulation system for innate immune activation. The innate immunity activated by whole-body blue light irradiation inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by increasing the infiltration of antitumor neutrophils and tumor-associated macrophages. Our results elucidate the remote immune modulation mechanism of blue light and provide a clinically applicable way for innate immunity activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Fangqing Deng
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Luqiu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Guanghao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Qing Tian
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zixi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Aipeng Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Li Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Genyang Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lianbing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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Wikramanayake TC, Chéret J, Sevilla A, Birch-Machin M, Paus R. Targeting mitochondria in dermatological therapy: Beyond oxidative damage and skin aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:233-259. [PMID: 35249436 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2049756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of the role of the mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is a significant aspect of dermatological research. Mitochondria generate most reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, excessive ROS are cytotoxic and DNA-damaging and promote (photo-)aging. ROS also possesses key physiological and regulatory functions and mitochondrial dysfunction is prominent in several skin diseases including skin cancers. Although many standard dermatotherapeutics modulate mitochondrial function, dermatological therapy rarely targets the mitochondria. Accordingly, there is a rationale for "mitochondrial dermatology"-based approaches to be applied to therapeutic research. AREAS COVERED This paper examines the functions of mitochondria in cutaneous physiology beyond energy (ATP) and ROS production. Keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal barrier maintenance, appendage morphogenesis and homeostasis, photoaging and skin cancer are considered. Based on related PubMed search results, the paper evaluates thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, Vitamin D3 derivatives, retinoids, cannabinoid receptor agonists, PPARγ agonists, thyrotropin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone as instructive lead compounds. Moreover, the mitochondrial protein MPZL3 as a promising new drug target for future "mitochondrial dermatology" is highlighted. EXPERT OPINION Future dermatological therapeutic research should have a mitochondrial medicine emphasis. Focusing on selected lead agents, protein targets, in silico drug design, and model diseases will fertilize a mito-centric approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Jérémy Chéret
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Alec Sevilla
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Mark Birch-Machin
- Dermatological Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, and The UK National Innovation Centre for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Monasterium Laboratory, Münster, Germany.,Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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A Narrative Review on Oral and Periodontal Bacteria Microbiota Photobiomodulation, through Visible and Near-Infrared Light: From the Origins to Modern Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031372. [PMID: 35163296 PMCID: PMC8836253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) consists of a photon energy transfer to the cell, employing non-ionizing light sources belonging to the visible and infrared spectrum. PBM acts on some intrinsic properties of molecules, energizing them through specific light wavelengths. During the evolution of life, semiconducting minerals were energized by sun radiation. The molecules that followed became photoacceptors and were expressed into the first proto-cells and prokaryote membranes. Afterward, the components of the mitochondria electron transport chain influenced the eukaryotic cell physiology. Therefore, although many organisms have not utilized light as an energy source, many of the molecules involved in their physiology have retained their primordial photoacceptive properties. Thus, in this review, we discuss how PBM can affect the oral microbiota through photo-energization and the non-thermal effect of light on photoacceptors (i.e., cytochromes, flavins, and iron-proteins). Sometimes, the interaction of photons with pigments of an endogenous nature is followed by thermal or photodynamic-like effects. However, the preliminary data do not allow determining reliable therapies but stress the need for further knowledge on light-bacteria interactions and microbiota management in the health and illness of patients through PBM.
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Nakahira K, Mutoh N, Fuchida S, Yamamoto T, Kimijima M, Ichibe Y, Tani-Ishii N. Effects of different light sources used for dental operating microscope illumination on the visual function of operators. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:363-371. [PMID: 33127525 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Advances in dental operative microscopes (DOMs) enable examination of root canal morphology or detection of root fractures otherwise not visible to the naked eye. However, dental therapy involving prolonged use of DOMs requires precision within a limited visual field, resulting in eye strain among users. This study examined the effects of halogen and light-emitting diode (LED) light sources on asthenopia and visual function following use of DOMs. METHODS The study used halogen and LED light sources in DOMs. The first experiment was conducted on 6 participants with corrected visual acuity without any organic eye disease. General visual function test (calculation ability test, hand grip strength test, and ophthalmic examination) and subjective symptom questionnaire were used to evaluate the degree of fatigue before and after DOM use. The second experiment was conducted on 9 participants with spherical equivalents within ±4 diopters (D) and astigmatism of 1 D or less. Accommodative function tests (precise test for asthenopia) and a subjective symptom questionnaire (asthenopia) were used before and after use of DOM. RESULTS No significant changes were noted in the degree of fatigue and ophthalmological parameters before and after the procedure with either light source or in between light sources. The tear firm breakup time was shortened after therapy, and a tendency toward dry eyes was observed while using the LED light source. CONCLUSIONS The halogen and LED light sources used for DOM therapy had similar effects on asthenopia of the operators, with no significant changes in visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Nakahira
- Division of Pulp Biology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Noriko Mutoh
- Division of Pulp Biology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan.
| | - Shinya Fuchida
- Division of Dental Sociology, Department of Disaster Medicine, Dental Sociology Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Division of Dental Sociology, Department of Disaster Medicine, Dental Sociology Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Masumi Kimijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Clinic, 3-31-6 Tsuruyacho, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ichibe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanagawa Dental University Yokohama Clinic, 3-31-6 Tsuruyacho, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Tani-Ishii
- Division of Pulp Biology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
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Serrage H, Heiskanen V, Palin WM, Cooper PR, Milward MR, Hadis M, Hamblin MR. Under the spotlight: mechanisms of photobiomodulation concentrating on blue and green light. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1877-1909. [PMID: 31183484 PMCID: PMC6685747 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00089e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) describes the application of light at wavelengths ranging from 400-1100 nm to promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation and promote analgesia. Traditionally, red and near-infra red (NIR) light have been used therapeutically, however recent studies indicate that other wavelengths within the visible spectrum could prove beneficial including blue and green light. This review aims to evaluate the literature surrounding the potential therapeutic effects of PBM with particular emphasis on the effects of blue and green light. In particular focus is on the possible primary and secondary molecular mechanisms of PBM and also evaluation of the potential effective parameters for application both in vitro and in vivo. Studies have reported that PBM affects an array of molecular targets, including chromophores such as signalling molecules containing flavins and porphyrins as well as components of the electron transport chain. However, secondary mechanisms tend to converge on pathways induced by increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Systematic evaluation of the literature indicated 72% of publications reported beneficial effects of blue light and 75% reported therapeutic effects of green light. However, of the publications evaluating the effects of green light, reporting of treatment parameters was uneven with 41% failing to report irradiance (mW cm-2) and 44% failing to report radiant exposure (J cm-2). This review highlights the potential of PBM to exert broad effects on a range of different chromophores within the body, dependent upon the wavelength of light applied. Emphasis still remains on the need to report exposure and treatment parameters, as this will enable direct comparison between different studies and hence enable the determination of the full potential of PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Serrage
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.
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da Costa Santos VB, Correa JCM, Chierotti P, Ballarin GS, de Oliveira Toginho Filho D, Nakamura FY, de Paula Ramos S. Cold water immersion or LED therapy after training sessions: effects on exercise-induced muscle damage and performance in rats. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:991-999. [PMID: 30456534 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cryotherapy and phototherapy have been suggested as recovery methods due to their anti-inflammatory effects. They may also induce mitochondrial biogenesis, thus favoring endurance training adaptation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and ergogenic effects of phototherapy or cold water immersion (CWI) applied daily after exercise in rats. Thirty-five rats were divided into five groups: control (CO), non-exercised (CE), passive recovery (PR), cold water immersion (CWI), and LED therapy (LED). The CO and CE groups were not submitted to training; however, the CE were submitted to an exhaustion test after the training period. Low-intensity swimming training (21 sessions, 45 min) was performed followed by passive recovery (PR), CWI (10 °C, 5 min), or infrared irradiation (940 nm, 4 J/cm2). Forty-eight hours after the final training session, the CE, PR, CWI, and LED animals were submitted to an exhaustion test. The animals were euthanized 24 h later and submitted to hematological, creatine kinase (CK), and C-reactive protein (PCR) analysis. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were submitted to histological analysis. No differences in blood cell counts, CK, and PCR were detected between groups. The CE group presented an increased number of areas with necrosis in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. The PR group presented the highest frequency of areas with edema and inflammation followed by CWI and LED groups. None of the recovery methods improved the performance in the exhaustion test. Successive applications of recovery methods do not improve exercise performance, but downmodulate the inflammation and prevent muscle necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscila Chierotti
- Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Giovana Stipp Ballarin
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Yuzo Nakamura
- Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Solange de Paula Ramos
- Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
- Department of Histology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid PR 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-990, Brazil.
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Yoshino F, Yoshida A. Effects of blue-light irradiation during dental treatment. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2018; 54:160-168. [PMID: 30302134 PMCID: PMC6175967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, blue light is widely used for tooth bleaching and restoration procedures involving composite resin. In addition, many dentists use magnification loupes to enable them to provide more accurate dental treatment. Therefore, the use of light is indispensable in dental treatment. However, light can cause various toxicities, and thermal injuries caused by light irradiation are regarded as particularly important. In recent years, the eye damage and non-thermal injuries caused by blue light, the so-called "blue light hazard", have gained attention. Unfortunately, much of the research in this field has just begun, but our recent findings demonstrated that blue-light irradiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces oxidative stress in oral tissue. However, they also showed that such oxidative stress is inhibited by antioxidants. There have not been any reports that suggested that the ROS-induced phototoxicity associated with blue-light irradiation causes direct clinical damage, but some disorders are caused by the accumulation of ROS. Therefore, it is presumed that it is necessary to suppress the accumulation of oxidative stressors in oral tissues during treatment. In the future, we have to promote discussion about the suppression of phototoxicity in dentistry, including concerning the use of antioxidants to protect against phototoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Yoshino
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan
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Osipov AN, Machneva TV, Buravlev EA, Vladimirov YA. Effects of Laser Radiation on Mitochondria and Mitochondrial Proteins Subjected to Nitric Oxide. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:112. [PMID: 29740581 PMCID: PMC5925687 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological roles of heme and nonheme nitrosyl complexes in physiological and pathophysiological conditions as metabolic key players are considered in this study. Two main physiological functions of protein nitrosyl complexes are discussed—(1) a depot and potential source of free nitric oxide (NO) and (2) a controller of crucial metabolic processes. The first function is realized through the photolysis of nitrosyl complexes (of hemoglobin, cytochrome c, or mitochondrial iron–sulfur proteins). This reaction produces free NO and subsequent events are due to the NO physiological functions. The second function is implemented by the possibility of NO to bind heme and nonheme proteins and produce corresponding nitrosyl complexes. Enzyme nitrosyl complex formation usually results in the inhibition (or enhancement in the case of guanylate cyclase) of its enzymatic activity. Photolysis of protein nitrosyl complexes, in this case, will restore the original enzymatic activity. Thus, cytochrome c acquires peroxidase activity in the presence of anionic phospholipids, and this phenomenon can be assumed as a key step in the programmed cell death. Addition of NO induces the formation of cytochrome c nitrosyl complexes, inhibits its peroxidase activity, and hinders apoptotic reactions. In this case, photolysis of cytochrome c nitrosyl complexes will reactivate cytochrome c peroxidase activity and speed up apoptosis. Control of mitochondrial respiration by NO by formation or photolytic decay of iron–sulfur protein nitrosyl complexes is an effective instrument to modulate mitochondrial metabolism. These questions are under discussion in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly N Osipov
- NI Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Evgeny A Buravlev
- NI Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury A Vladimirov
- NI Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Janzadeh A, Nasirinezhad F, Masoumipoor M, Jameie SB, hayat P. Photobiomodulation therapy reduces apoptotic factors and increases glutathione levels in a neuropathic pain model. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1863-1869. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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