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Aguilar P, Fonseca AC, Garlet GP, Gulinelli JL, Santos PL. Influence of zoledronic acid and low-intensity laser on collagen fibers during the bone repair process. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e393724. [PMID: 39016360 PMCID: PMC11249435 DOI: 10.1590/acb393724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate collagen fibers during the bone repair process in critical defects created in the tibias of rats, treated with zoledronic acid (AZ) associated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). METHODS Ten rats were distributed according to treatment: group 1) saline solution; group 2) LLLT; group 3) AZ; group 4) AZ and LLLT. AZ was administered at the dose of 0.035 mg/kg at fortnightly intervals over eight weeks. Next, 2-mm bone defects were created in the tibias of all animals. The bone defects in groups 2 and 4 were irradiated LLLT in the immediate postoperative period. After periods 14 and 28 of application, the animals were euthanized, and birefringence analysis was performed. RESULTS Approximately 90% of the total area was occupied by collagen fibers within the red color spectrum, this area being statistically larger in relation to the area occupied by collagen fibers within the green and yellow spectrum, in the four groups. Over the 14-day period, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. In the 28-day period, group 2 (14.02 ± 15.9%) was superior in quantifying green birefringent fibers compared to group 1 (3.06 ± 3.24%), with p = 0.009. CONCLUSIONS LLLT associated with ZA is effective in stimulating the neoformation of collagen fibers. The LLLT group without the association with ZA showed a greater amount of immature and less organized matrix over a period of 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Aguilar
- Universidade de Araraquara – Department of Health Sciences – Dental School – Araraquara (SP) – Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pâmela Letícia Santos
- Universidade de Araraquara – Department of Health Sciences – Dental School – Araraquara (SP) – Brazil
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Şen E, Özkan N, Önger ME, Kaplan S. Effects of NGF and Photobiomodulation Therapy on Crush Nerve Injury and Fracture Healing: A Stereological and Histopathological Study in an Animal Model. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr 2023; 16:281-291. [PMID: 38047151 PMCID: PMC10693267 DOI: 10.1177/19433875221138175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Study Design A stereological and histopathological study in an animal model. Objective This study explores the effects of the nerve growth factor and photobiomodulation therapy on the damaged nerve tissue and fracture healing. Methods A total of 24 rabbits were divided into 4 groups: control group (n = 5), nerve growth factor (NGF) group (n = 7), photobiomodulation (PBMT) group (n = 6), and nerve growth factor and photobiomodulation therapy (NGF+PBMT) group (n = 6). The vertical fracture was performed between the mental foramen and the first premolar, and the mental nerve was crushed for 30 seconds with a standard serrated clamp with a force of approximately 50 N in all groups. The control group received an isotonic solution (.02 mL, .09% NaCl) to the operation site locally. The NGF group received 1 μg human NGF-β/.9% .2 mL NaCl solution for 7 days locally. The PBMT group received PBMT treatment (GaAlAs laser, 810 nm, .3 W, 18 J/cm2) every 48 hours for 14 sessions following the surgery. The NGF+PBMT group received both NGF and PBMT treatment as described above. After 28 days, the bone tissues and mental nerves from all groups were harvested and histologically and stereologically analyzed. Results According to the stereological results, the volume of the new vessel and the volume of the new bone were significantly higher in the PBMT group than in other groups (P < .001). According to the histopathological examinations, higher myelinated axons were observed in experimental groups than in the control group. Conclusions As a result, PBMT has beneficial effects on bone regeneration. Based on the light microscopic evaluation, more regenerated axon populations were observed in the NGF group than in the PBMT and PBMT + NGF groups in terms of myelinated axon content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esengül Şen
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Özkan
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Önger
- Associate Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kaplan
- Professor, Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey
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Tissue Bioengineering with Fibrin Scaffolds and Deproteinized Bone Matrix Associated or Not with the Transoperative Laser Photobiomodulation Protocol. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010407. [PMID: 36615601 PMCID: PMC9824823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Extending the range of use of the heterologous fibrin biopolymer, this pre-clinical study showed a new proportionality of its components directed to the formation of scaffold with a lower density of the resulting mesh to facilitate the infiltration of bone cells, and combined with therapy by laser photobiomodulation, in order to accelerate the repair process and decrease the morphofunctional recovery time. Thus, a transoperative protocol of laser photobiomodulation (L) was evaluated in critical bone defects filled with deproteinized bovine bone particles (P) associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HF). The groups were: BCL (blood clot + laser); HF; HFL; PHF (P+HF); PHFL (P+HF+L). Microtomographically, bone volume (BV) at 14 days, was higher in the PHF and PHFL groups (10.45 ± 3.31 mm3 and 9.94 ± 1.51 mm3), significantly increasing in the BCL, HFL and PHFL groups. Histologically, in all experimental groups, the defects were not reestablished either in the external cortical bone or in the epidural, occurring only in partial bone repair. At 42 days, the bone area (BA) increased in all groups, being significantly higher in the laser-treated groups. The quantification of bone collagen fibers showed that the percentage of collagen fibers in the bone tissue was similar between the groups for each experimental period, but significantly higher at 42 days (35.71 ± 6.89%) compared to 14 days (18.94 ± 6.86%). It can be concluded that the results of the present study denote potential effects of laser radiation capable of inducing functional bone regeneration, through the synergistic combination of biomaterials and the new ratio of heterologous fibrin biopolymer components (1:1:1) was able to make the resulting fibrin mesh less dense and susceptible to cellular permeability. Thus, the best fibrinogen concentration should be evaluated to find the ideal heterologous fibrin scaffold.
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Chacon EL, Bertolo MRV, de Guzzi Plepis AM, da Conceição Amaro Martins V, dos Santos GR, Pinto CAL, Pelegrine AA, Teixeira ML, Buchaim DV, Nazari FM, Buchaim RL, Sugano GT, da Cunha MR. Collagen-chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone repair in ovariectomized rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:28. [PMID: 36593236 PMCID: PMC9807587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24424-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lesions with bone loss may require autologous grafts, which are considered the gold standard; however, natural or synthetic biomaterials are alternatives that can be used in clinical situations that require support for bone neoformation. Collagen and hydroxyapatite have been used for bone repair based on the concept of biomimetics, which can be combined with chitosan, forming a scaffold for cell adhesion and growth. However, osteoporosis caused by gonadal hormone deficiency can thus compromise the expected results of the osseointegration of scaffolds. The aim of this study was to investigate the osteoregenerative capacity of collagen (Co)/chitosan (Ch)/hydroxyapatite (Ha) scaffolds in rats with hormone deficiency caused by experimental bilateral ovariectomy. Forty-two rats were divided into non-ovariectomized (NO) and ovariectomized (O) groups, divided into three subgroups: control (empty defect) and two subgroups receiving collagen/chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds prepared using different methods of hydroxyapatite incorporation, in situ (CoChHa1) and ex situ (CoChHa2). The defect areas were submitted to macroscopic, radiological, and histomorphometric analysis. No inflammatory processes were found in the tibial defect area that would indicate immune rejection of the scaffolds, thus confirming the biocompatibility of the biomaterials. Bone formation starting from the margins of the bone defect were observed in all rats, with a greater volume in the NO groups, particularly the group receiving CoChHa2. Less bone formation was found in the O subgroups when compared to the NO. In conclusion, collagen/chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds stimulate bone growth in vivo but abnormal conditions of bone fragility caused by gonadal hormone deficiency may have delayed the bone repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erivelto Luís Chacon
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiai Medical School, Jundiai, 13202-550 Brazil
| | | | - Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, 13566-590 Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Interunits Graduate Program in Bioengineering (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, 13566-970 Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Antônio Pelegrine
- grid.456544.20000 0004 0373 160XDepartment of Implant Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, 13045-755 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lucchesi Teixeira
- grid.456544.20000 0004 0373 160XProsthodontics Department, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, 13045-755 Brazil
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marilia, 17525-902 Brazil ,Teaching and Research Coordination of the Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina, 17800-000 Brazil
| | | | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Bauru, 17012-901 Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, 05508-270 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Tenório Sugano
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiai Medical School, Jundiai, 13202-550 Brazil
| | - Marcelo Rodrigues da Cunha
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiai Medical School, Jundiai, 13202-550 Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Interunits Graduate Program in Bioengineering (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos, 13566-970 Brazil
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Fekrazad S, Sohrabi M, Fekrazad R. Angiogenetic and anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation on bone regeneration in rat: A histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112599. [PMID: 36493717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Post-surgical bone defects require new alternative approaches for a better healing process. For this matter, photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been used in order to improve the process of healing, pain, and inflammation reduction and tissue rejuvenation. This study is set to evaluate the effect of PBMT on angiogenic and inflammatory factors for bone regeneration in rat post-surgical cranial defects. Thirty male Wistar rats were distributed accidentally into two groups (Subdivided into 3 groups according to their follow-up durations). During operation, an 8-mm critical-sized calvarial defect was made in each rat. A continuous diode laser was used (power density 100 mW/cm2, wavelength 810 nm, the energy density of 4 J/cm2). Bone samples were assessed histomorphometrically and histologically after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. ALP, PTGIR, OCN, and IL-1 levels were measured by RT-PCR. VEGF expression was studied by immunohistochemistry analysis. The level of IL-1 expression decreased significantly in the PBMT group compared to the control after 7 days (p < 0.05), while, the PTGIR level was improved significantly compared to the control group after 7 days. Furthermore, levels of OCN and ALP improved after PBM use; however, the alterations were not statistically meaningful (p > 0.05). Evaluation with IHC displayed a significant rise in VEGF expression after 3 days in the PBMT group compared to the control (p > 0.05). In this study's conditions, the results showed a meaningful alteration in osteogenic, inflammatory, and angiogenic mediators in post-surgical calvarial defect following PBMT. It appears that PBM can accelerate angiogenesis in the bone healing procedure which can be helpful in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Fekrazad
- Department of General Surgery, Subdivision of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Sohrabi
- Department of Pediatrics, Dental School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Radiation Sciences Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences - International Network for Photo Medicine and Photo Dynamic Therapy (INPMPDT), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Silva SK, Plepis AMG, Martins VDCA, Horn MM, Buchaim DV, Buchaim RL, Pelegrine AA, Silva VR, Kudo MHM, Fernandes JFR, Nazari FM, da Cunha MR. Suitability of Chitosan Scaffolds with Carbon Nanotubes for Bone Defects Treated with Photobiomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126503. [PMID: 35742948 PMCID: PMC9223695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials have been investigated as an alternative for the treatment of bone defects, such as chitosan/carbon nanotubes scaffolds, which allow cell proliferation. However, bone regeneration can be accelerated by electrotherapeutic resources that act on bone metabolism, such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Thus, this study evaluated the regeneration of bone lesions grafted with chitosan/carbon nanotubes scaffolds and associated with LLLT. For this, a defect (3 mm) was created in the femur of thirty rats, which were divided into 6 groups: Control (G1/Control), LLLT (G2/Laser), Chitosan/Carbon Nanotubes (G3/C+CNTs), Chitosan/Carbon Nanotubes with LLLT (G4/C+CNTs+L), Mineralized Chitosan/Carbon Nanotubes (G5/C+CNTsM) and Mineralized Chitosan/Carbon Nanotubes with LLLT (G6/C+CNTsM+L). After 5 weeks, the biocompatibility of the chitosan/carbon nanotubes scaffolds was observed, with the absence of inflammatory infiltrates and fibrotic tissue. Bone neoformation was denser, thicker and voluminous in G6/C+CNTsM+L. Histomorphometric analyses showed that the relative percentage and standard deviations (mean ± SD) of new bone formation in groups G1 to G6 were 59.93 ± 3.04a (G1/Control), 70.83 ± 1.21b (G2/Laser), 70.09 ± 4.31b (G3/C+CNTs), 81.6 ± 5.74c (G4/C+CNTs+L), 81.4 ± 4.57c (G5/C+CNTsM) and 91.3 ± 4.81d (G6/C+CNTsM+L), respectively, with G6 showing a significant difference in relation to the other groups (a ≠ b ≠ c ≠ d; p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry also revealed good expression of osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It was concluded that chitosan-based carbon nanotube materials combined with LLLT effectively stimulated the bone healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Ketelyn Silva
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
| | - Ana Maria Guzzi Plepis
- Interunits Graduate Program in Bioengineering (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos 13566-590, Brazil;
- Sao Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos 13566-590, Brazil;
| | | | - Marilia Marta Horn
- Physical Chemistry of Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemistry and Center for Interdisciplinary and Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, 34109 Kassel, Germany;
| | - Daniela Vieira Buchaim
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, Postgraduate Department, University of Marilia (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, Brazil;
- Teaching and Research Coordination of the Medical School, University Center of Adamantina (UniFAI), Adamantina 17800-000, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Leone Buchaim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry (FOB/USP), University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-901, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
| | - Mateus Hissashi Matsumoto Kudo
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
| | - José Francisco Rebello Fernandes
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
| | - Fabricio Montenegro Nazari
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
| | - Marcelo Rodrigues da Cunha
- Department of Morphology and Pathology, Jundiaí Medical School, Jundiaí 13202-550, Brazil; (S.K.S.); (V.R.S.); (M.H.M.K.); (J.F.R.F.); (F.M.N.)
- Interunits Graduate Program in Bioengineering (EESC/FMRP/IQSC), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Carlos 13566-590, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-3395-2100
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Bellato CP, de Oliveira DL, Kasaya MVS, Moreira D, Cini MA, Saraiva PP, Gulinelli JL, Santos PL. Effect of S53P4 bioactive glass and low-level laser therapy on calvarial bone repair in rats submitted to zoledronic acid therapy. Acta Cir Bras 2021; 36:e360603. [PMID: 34259788 PMCID: PMC8275060 DOI: 10.1590/acb360603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the influence of bioactive glass and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in calvarial bone repair process in rats submitted to zoledronic acid therapy. METHODS Twenty-four rats were selected and treated with the dose of 0.035 mg/kg of zoledronic acid every two weeks, totalizing eight weeks, to induce osteonecrosis. After the drug therapy, surgical procedure was performed to create 5-mm diameter parietal bone defects in the calvarial region. The rats were then randomly assigned to groups according to the following treatments: AZC: control group, treated with blood clot; AZBIO: bone defect filled with bioactive glass; AZL: treated with blood clot and submitted to PBMT; and AZBIOL: treated with bioactive glass S53P4 and submitted to PBMT. Tissue samples were collected and submitted to histomorphometric analysis after 14 and 28 days. RESULTS At 14 days, bone neoformation in the AZBIO (52.15 ± 9.77) and AZBIOL (49.77 ± 13.58) groups presented higher values (p ≤ 0.001) compared to the AZC (23.35 ± 10.15) and AZL groups (23.32 ± 8.75). At 28 days, AZBIO (80.24 ± 5.41)still presented significant higher bone recovery values when compared to AZC (59.59 ± 16.92)and AZL (45.25 ± 5.41) groups (p = 0.048). In the 28-day period, the AZBIOL group didn't show statistically significant difference with the other groups (71.79 ± 29.38). CONCLUSIONS The bioactive glass is an effective protocol to stimulate bone neoformation in critical defects surgically created in rats with drug induced osteonecrosis, in the studied periods of 14 and 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Peres Bellato
- Fellow PhD degree. Postgraduate Program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Assistant Professor. Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Dental School – Universidade do Oeste Paulista – Presidente Prudente (SP), Brazil
| | - Danilo Louzada de Oliveira
- PhD, Assistant Professor. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Department Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Dental School – Universidade do Oeste Paulista – Presidente Prudene (SP), Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Satoru Kasaya
- PhD. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Department of Postgraduate – Dental School – Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração – Bauru (SP), Brazil
| | - David Moreira
- PhD. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Department of Postgraduate – Dental School – Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração – Bauru (SP), Brazil
| | - Marcelo Augusto Cini
- PhD. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Department of Postgraduate – Dental School – Centro Universitário Sagrado Coração – Bauru (SP), Brazil
| | - Patricia Pinto Saraiva
- PhD, Assistant Professor. Basic Science – Oral Biology – Universidade do Oeste Paulista – Jau (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Pâmela Leticia Santos
- PhD, Assistant Professor. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery – Department of Health Sciences – Dental School – Universidade de Araraquara – Araraquara (SP), Brazil
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