Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) grafted poly(vinyl chloride)s synthesized via ATRP process and their membranes for dye separation

Revisiting poly(vinyl chloride) reactivity in the context of chemical recycling

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is one of the highest production volume polymers due to its many applications, and it is one of the least recycled due to its chemical structure and frequent formulation with additives. Developing efficient PVC recycling techniques would enable PVC waste to be reused or repurposed in other processes. Within this context, the literature on PVC modification offers considerable insight into versatile reaction pathways, potentially inspiring new approaches for repurposing PVC waste into value-added products. This perspective provides an overview of PVC functionalization through a lens of chemical recycling, discussing various PVC reactivity trends and their applications with a critical assessment and future outlook of their recycling implications.

Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) as a bioactive polyelectrolyte-production and properties

Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) is a polyelectrolyte with many important chemical and physical properties and, above all, offers a wide range of interesting biological properties. Currently, research on this polymer is ongoing in several centres around the world. The process of polymerizing the monomer is not easy, as there are difficulties in obtaining a product with repeatable properties. This work collected and described most of the currently known and used polymerization methods of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, taking into account the type of method, the solvent used, the initiator, as well as the process temperature and the average molecular weight of the polymer obtained. The most important properties of the discussed polymer, such as solubility, bioactivity, hydrophilicity, cytotoxicity, conductivity, and thermal and hydrodynamic parameters, are discussed on the basis of the available scientific literature. This work aims, among other things, to increase the possibility of using poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) as a material in advanced practical applications. Therefore, various methods of applied use of the polymer in question have also been described so far. Copolymers of the N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are now too large a collection to fit in a single publication. Therefore, only the most interesting examples were cited in this work.

Kinetic adsorption of methyl blue dye from aqueous solution by PVC/PVC-based copolymer containing quaternary amine

The present study has investigated the use of a blend polymer polyvinyl chloride/polyvinyl chloride-graft-poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate containing a quaternary amine in its structure (PVC/PVC-g-PDMAEM(N⁺)) as an adsorbent for the removal of methyl blue dye from aqueous solution. The synthesized polymer blend has been characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning Electron Microscope-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and the scanning Spectrophotometer Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis). The adsorption studies have been performed by batch experiments. Moreover, the pH effect, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and contact time effect have been explored. Furthermore, the kinetic experimental data have been analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order models. The results have shown that the adsorption process is more described by the pseudo-second-order model with a high determination coefficient. The equilibrium adsorption data have been analyzed using three widely applied isotherms: Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin. The best fit was found to be Freundlich isotherm with maximum monolayer adsorption of Methyl Blue (MB) equal to 142.86 mg/g, which was observed at pH = 7. The results have indicated that the PVC/PVC-g-PDMAEM(N⁺) blend polymer is an efficient adsorbent for removing anionic dyes from wastewater.

A positively charged tight UF membrane and its properties for removing trace metal cations via electrostatic repulsion mechanism

The development of highly efficient membranes technology using low-pressure driven filtration process, is one of the principal challenges in the wastewater treatment field, especially those aimed at the removal of trace heavy metals. In this work, a novel positively charged tight ultrafiltration (PCTUF) membrane was developed to remove heavy metal cations (Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Cd²⁺) from contaminated waters via electrostatic repulsion mechanism. The PCTUF membrane was fabricated from a new polymer with poly (vinyl chloride co dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), P (VC-co-DMA) via a nonsolvent induce phase separation (NIPS) process and following facile surface quaternization. The quaternization conditions, the pore structures and chemical properties of the membranes were investigated in detail. The optimally quaternized membrane possessed a positively charged surface and 3.27 nm charged channel with the water permeability of 84 L m^-2 h^-1 bar^-1. The rejections of heavy metal cations surpassed 95% for feed solutions containing 10 ppm heavy metal. Moreover, the influences of feed concentrations and the operating condition with pressure and pH on the membrane performances were also investigated. The results revealed that the prepared PCTUF membrane with its high perm-selectivity performance provides a worthy reference for highly efficient removal of heavy metal cations.