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Plater MJ, Harrison WTA. New Functionalized Phenoxazines and Phenothiazines. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44163-44171. [PMID: 38027375 PMCID: PMC10666145 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of either 2-aminophenol or 2-(N-methylamino)phenol with 1,2-difluoro-4,5-dinitrobenzene and sodium carbonate in EtOH gives 2,3-dinitrophenoxazines. One nitro group, conjugated to the aryl ether, was displaced from 2,3-dinitro-10-methylphenoxazine with different nucleophiles: BuNH2, KOEt, and KOH. The reaction of 2-aminothiophenol with 1,2-difluoro-4,5-dinitrobenzene under the same conditions gives 2,3-dinitrophenothiazine. This reacted with BuNH2 forming 2-butylamino-3-nitrophenothiazine. The dihedral angles of the different compounds are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - William T. A. Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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John Plater M, Harrison WTA. Potential Building Blocks for 1,4-Dihydro-N-heteroacenes. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200092. [PMID: 35674450 PMCID: PMC9176027 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Studies have been performed aimed at the synthesis of N-heteroacenes via substitution reactions of 4,5-difluoro-1,2-dinitrobenzene with a diamine. The fluorine atoms are displaced first, followed by an activated nitro group. Two intermediates have been characterised by X-ray single-crystal structure determinations. Their intermolecular interactions were examined by Hirshfeld surfaces to assess their suitability for organic molecular electronics. The high reactivity of the phenazine, which is prone to oxidise and rearrange, as are displacement products prepared from it, is explained by the formation of a cis-aci-nitro form from the secondary amine of the phenazine and a nitro group.
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Affiliation(s)
- M John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - William T A Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
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Li M, Yuan Y, Chen Y. Bischler‐Napieralski
Cyclization: A Versatile Reaction towards Functional
Aza‐PAHs
and Their Conjugated Polymers
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry Tianjin University Tianjin 300354 China
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Plater MJ, Harrison WTA. A Potential Iterative Approach to 1,4-Dihydro-N-Heteroacene Arrays. ChemistryOpen 2021; 11:e202100150. [PMID: 34432942 PMCID: PMC8886647 DOI: 10.1002/open.202100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method for the synthesis of substituted 1,4‐dihydrophenazines is reported and the structure of N‐butyl‐5‐methyl‐3‐nitro‐5,10‐dihydrophenazine is proven by an X‐ray single‐crystal structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M John Plater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
| | - William T A Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, AB24 3UE, UK
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Vallan L, Istif E, Gómez IJ, Alegret N, Mantione D. Thiophene-Based Trimers and Their Bioapplications: An Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1977. [PMID: 34208624 PMCID: PMC8234281 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Certainly, the success of polythiophenes is due in the first place to their outstanding electronic properties and superior processability. Nevertheless, there are additional reasons that contribute to arouse the scientific interest around these materials. Among these, the large variety of chemical modifications that is possible to perform on the thiophene ring is a precious aspect. In particular, a turning point was marked by the diffusion of synthetic strategies for the preparation of terthiophenes: the vast richness of approaches today available for the easy customization of these structures allows the finetuning of their chemical, physical, and optical properties. Therefore, terthiophene derivatives have become an extremely versatile class of compounds both for direct application or for the preparation of electronic functional polymers. Moreover, their biocompatibility and ease of functionalization make them appealing for biology and medical research, as it testifies to the blossoming of studies in these fields in which they are involved. It is thus with the willingness to guide the reader through all the possibilities offered by these structures that this review elucidates the synthetic methods and describes the full chemical variety of terthiophenes and their derivatives. In the final part, an in-depth presentation of their numerous bioapplications intends to provide a complete picture of the state of the art.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vallan
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO—UMR 5629), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, CNRS F, 33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Emin Istif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
| | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Nuria Alegret
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniele Mantione
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, Sarıyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
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Han Y, Hu Z, Liu M, Li M, Wang T, Chen Y. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Diazapyrenes via Bischler–Napieralski Reaction. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3953-3959. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhu Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Meifang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Weifang University, Weifang, 261061, P. R. China
| | - Mengwei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Wu M, Han Y, Wang B, Yuan Y, Xing C, Chen Y. S,N-Heteroacene-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers as Fluorescent Sensors and Effective Antimicrobial Carriers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:473-479. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengfen Xing
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
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Stolar M, Baumgartner T. Functional conjugated pyridines via main-group element tuning. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00373d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The functional properties arising from a combination of main-group elements with pyridine-based organic conjugated scaffolds are highlighted.
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