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You Y, Wang Z, Chen Q, Li H, Jin L, Ma K, Huang C, Xie H. Robust Vanillin-Derived Poly(thioether imidazoles) as Both a Latent Curing and Toughening Agent for One-Component Epoxy Resins. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1151-1158. [PMID: 37505463 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
One-component epoxy resins based on latent curing agents have garnered research attention owing to their outstanding storage stability and excellent processability, while their development considerably depends on the design and preparation of sustainable latent curing agents. Herein, taking structural advantage of lignin-derived vanillin, a biobased polymerizable aromatic imidazole monomer with α,ω-diene functionality was designed and prepared, which was applicable in subsequent thiol-ene polymerization, yielding a series of robust poly(thioether imidazoles) with excellent tunability of the structure and properties. The findings indicated that the precursors comprising poly(thioether imidazole) and commercially available epoxy resins could keep their fluidity at 25 °C for over 90 days and rapidly cured into resins under elevated temperature, demonstrating that the poly(thioether imidazole) can serve as both a latent curing and toughening agent for one-component epoxy resins because of homopolymerization initiated by imidazole groups and the introduction of an aliphatic chain in the as-prepared poly(thioether imidazole) matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang You
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Zhelin Wang
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Longming Jin
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Kai Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Caijuan Huang
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, West Campus, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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Tretyakov IV, Petrova TV, Kireynov AV, Korokhin RA, Platonova EO, Alexeeva OV, Gorbatkina YA, Solodilov VI, Yurkov GY, Berlin AA. Fracture of Epoxy Matrixes Modified with Thermo-Plastic Polymers and Winding Glass Fibers Reinforced Plastics on Their Base under Low-Velocity Impact Condition. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2958. [PMID: 37447603 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The work is aimed at studying the impact resistance of epoxy oligomer matrices (EO) modified with polysulfone (PSU) or polyethersulfone (PES) and glass fibers reinforced plastics (GFRP) based on them under low-velocity impact conditions. The concentration dependences of strength and fracture energy of modified matrices and GFRP were determined. It has been determined that the type of concentration curves of the fracture energy of GFRP depends on the concentration and type of the modifying polymer. It is shown that strength σ and fracture energy EM of thermoplastic-modified epoxy matrices change little in the concentration range from 0 to 15 wt.%. However, even with the introduction of 20 wt.% PSU into EO, the strength increases from 164 MPa to 200 MPa, and the fracture energy from 32 kJ/m2 to 39 kJ/m2. The effect of increasing the strength and fracture energy of modified matrices is retained in GFRP. The maximum increase in shear strength (from 72 MPa to 87 MPa) is observed for GFRP based on the EO + 15 wt.% PSU matrix. For GFRP based on EO + 20 wt.% PES, the shear strength is reduced to 69 MPa. The opposite effect is observed for the EO + 20 wt.% PES matrix, where the strength value decreases from 164 MPa to 75 MPa, and the energy decreases from 32 kJ/m2 to 10 kJ/m2. The reference value for the fracture energy of GFRP 615 is 741 kJ/m2. The maximum fracture energy for GFRP is based on EO + 20 wt.% PSU increases to 832 kJ/m2 for GFRP based on EO + 20 wt.% PES-up to 950 kJ/m2. The study of the morphology of the fracture surfaces of matrices and GFRP confirmed the dependence of impact characteristics on the microstructure of the modified matrices and the degree of involvement in the process of crack formation. The greatest effect is achieved for matrices with a phase structure "thermoplastic matrix-epoxy dispersion." Correlations between the fracture energy and strength of EO + PES matrices and GFRP have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Tretyakov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tuyara V Petrova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Kireynov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A Korokhin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena O Platonova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V Alexeeva
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia A Gorbatkina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaliy I Solodilov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb Yu Yurkov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Al Berlin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Tang S, Lin H, Dong K, Zhang J, Zhao C. Closed-loop recycling and degradation of guaiacol-based epoxy resin and its carbon fiber reinforced composites with S-S exchangeable bonds. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Structure and Properties of Epoxy Polysulfone Systems Modified with an Active Diluent. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235320. [PMID: 36501712 PMCID: PMC9736303 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An epoxy resin modified with polysulfone (PSU) and active diluent furfuryl glycidyl ether (FGE) was studied. Triethanolaminotitanate (TEAT) and iso-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (iso-MTHPA) were used as curing agents. It is shown that during the curing of initially homogeneous mixtures, heterogeneous structures are formed. The type of these structures depends on the concentration of active diluent and the type of hardener. The physico-mechanical properties of the hybrid matrices are determined by the structure formed. The maximum resistance to a growing crack is provided by structures with a thermoplastic-enriched matrix-interpenetrating structures. The main mechanism for increasing the energy of crack propagation is associated with the implementation of microplasticity of extended phases enriched in polysulfone and their involvement in the fracture process.
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Rashid MA, Liu W, Wei Y, Jiang Q. Review of intrinsically recyclable biobased epoxy thermosets enabled by dynamic chemical bonds. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2080559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdur Rashid
- Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Wanshuang Liu
- Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuran Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Kerosenewala J, Vaidya P, Ozarkar V, Shirapure Y, More AP. Eugenol: extraction, properties and its applications on incorporation with polymers and resins—a review. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04414-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Abdur Rashid M, Liu W, Wei Y, Jiang Q. Review of reversible dynamic bonds containing intrinsically flame retardant biomass thermosets. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kouznetsov VV, Vargas Méndez LY. Synthesis of eugenol‐based monomers for sustainable epoxy thermoplastic polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Kouznetsov
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular, CMN, Parque Tecnológico Guatiguara, Universidad Industrial de Santander Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Leonor Y. Vargas Méndez
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular, CMN, Parque Tecnológico Guatiguara, Universidad Industrial de Santander Bucaramanga Colombia
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Li J, Zhao H, Sui G. Renewable green reactive diluent for bisphenol a epoxy resin system: curing kinetics and properties. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31699-31710. [PMID: 36380949 PMCID: PMC9638842 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05160e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrosilylation epoxidized eugenol (HSI-EP-EU) is successfully synthesized and used as a reactive diluent for epoxy/anhydride (marked as P) and epoxy/imidazole (marked as I) curing systems. The reactive bio-based diluent HSI-EP-EU has an excellent dilution effect on petroleum-based epoxy resin (E44). The curing kinetics of P + HSI-EP-EU and I + HSI-EP-EU are studied by a non-isothermal DSC method. The kinetics parameters are calculated by using the Kissinger model, Crnae model, Ozawa model and β-T (temperature-heating speed) extrapolation, respectively, to determine theoretically reasonable curing conditions. In addition, the effects of HSI-EP-EU on the antibacterial properties, thermo-mechanical properties and thermal stability of P + HSI-EP-EU and I + HSI-EP-EU systems are also studied. It is found that HSI-EP-EU possessed obvious antibacterial properties and could effectively improve the mechanical properties for the I + HSI-EP-EU. Hydrosilylation epoxidized eugenol (HSI-EP-EU) is successfully synthesized and used as a reactive diluent for epoxy/anhydride and epoxy/imidazole curing systems.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Li
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Sui
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China
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Imidazole derivative with an intramolecular hydrogen bond as thermal latent curing accelerator for epoxy/phenolic resins. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hu J, Wang C, Dai J, Teng N, Wang S, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Liu X. Epoxy resin with excellent ultraviolet resistance and mechanical properties derived from renewable camphoric acid. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Hu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Dai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Na Teng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shuaipeng Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Liyue Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
| | - Yaming Jiang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo P. R. China
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12
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Wan J, Zhao J, Zhang X, Fan H, Zhang J, Hu D, Jin P, Wang DY. Epoxy thermosets and materials derived from bio-based monomeric phenols: Transformations and performances. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Liu J, Xuan D, Chai J, Guo D, Huang Y, Liu S, Chew YT, Li S, Zheng Z. Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Resorcinol-Furfural Thermosetting Resin. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10011-10020. [PMID: 32391489 PMCID: PMC7203984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A mild and effective synthesis of resorcinol-furfural (RF) thermosetting resin was proposed with ethanol as a distinctive solvent, which, as a usually neglected factor, was shown to not only help form a homogeneous reaction system but also observably reduce the energy barriers between the early intermediates and transition states in addition reactions by explicit solvent effects, drawn from theoretical calculation conclusions. Besides, the para-additions on aromatic rings were more dominant than ortho-additions with the same reactants, which affected the final link types of monomers verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance tests. The prepared resin can be assigned to a relatively fast gel speed and a high residual mass (65.25%) after pyrolysis in a N2 atmosphere by adjusting the molar ratios of F to R, and the curing of that was a complex reaction, with a curing temperature around 149 °C and an activation energy of about 49.11 kJ mol-1 obtained by the Kissinger method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Dipan Xuan
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chai
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Diandian Guo
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Yuanbo Huang
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization and Development,
School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, P.R. China
| | - Shouqing Liu
- National
Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization
of Forest Biomass Resources; Key Laboratory for Highly-Efficient Utilization
of Forest Biomass Resources in the Southwest China, National Forestry
and Grassland Administration; College of Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, P.R. China
| | - Yi Tong Chew
- School
of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen
University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Shuirong Li
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Zheng
- Fujian
Engineering and Research Center of Clean and High-valued Technologies
for Biomass; Xiamen Key Laboratory for High-valued conversion Technology
of Agricultural Biomass; College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
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