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Teng A, Stanley J, Jackson C, Koea J, Lao C, Lawrenson R, Meredith I, Sika-Paotonu D, Gurney J. The growing cancer burden: Age-period-cohort projections in Aotearoa New Zealand 2020-2044. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 89:102535. [PMID: 38280359 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a major cause of premature death and inequity, and global case numbers are rapidly expanding. This study projects future cancer numbers and incidence rates in Aotearoa New Zealand. METHODS Age-period-cohort modelling was applied to 25-years of national data to project cancer cases and incidence trends from 2020 to 2044. Nationally mandated cancer registry data and official historical and projected population estimates were used, with sub-groups by age, sex, and ethnicity. RESULTS Cancer diagnoses were projected to increase from 25,700 per year in 2015-2019 to 45,100 a year by 2040-44, a 76% increase (2.3% per annum). Across the same period, age-standardised cancer incidence increased by 9% (0.3% per annum) from 348 to 378 cancers per 100,000 person years, with greater increases for males (11%) than females (6%). Projected incidence trends varied substantially by cancer type, with several projected to change faster or in the opposite direction compared to projections from other countries. CONCLUSIONS Increasing cancer numbers reinforces the critical need for both cancer prevention and treatment service planning activities. Investment in developing new ways of working and increasing the workforce are required for the health system to be able to afford and manage the future burden of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Teng
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - James Stanley
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christopher Jackson
- Department of Medicine (Dunedin), University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- General Surgery, Waitakere Hospital, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand; Medical Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chunhuan Lao
- Medical Research Centre, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Ross Lawrenson
- Medical Research Centre, The University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand; Commissioning, Te Whatu Ora, Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - Ineke Meredith
- General Surgery, Wakefield Hospital, 30 Florence Street, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dianne Sika-Paotonu
- Dean's Department UOW & Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jason Gurney
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Wellington, New Zealand
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Gurney J, Stanley J, Teng A, Robson B, Scott N, Sika-Paotonu D, Lao C, Lawrenson R, Krebs J, Koea J. Equity of Cancer and Diabetes Co-Occurrence: A National Study With 44 Million Person-Years of Follow-Up. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2200357. [PMID: 37141560 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The co-occurrence of diabetes and cancer is becoming increasingly common, and this is likely to compound existing inequities in outcomes from both conditions within populations. METHODS In this study, we investigate the co-occurrence of cancer and diabetes by ethnic groups in New Zealand. National-level diabetes and cancer data on nearly five million individuals over 44 million person-years were used to describe the rate of cancer in a national prevalent cohort of peoples with diabetes versus those without diabetes, by ethnic group (Māori, Pacific, South Asian, Other Asian, and European peoples). RESULTS The rate of cancer was greater for those with diabetes regardless of ethnic group (age-adjusted rate ratios, Māori, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.42; Pacific, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.43; South Asian, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.36; Other Asian, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.43; European, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.31). Māori had the highest rate of diabetes and cancer co-occurrence. Rates of GI, endocrine, and obesity-related cancers comprised a bulk of the excess cancers occurring among Māori and Pacific peoples with diabetes. CONCLUSION Our observations reinforce the need for the primordial prevention of risk factors that are shared between diabetes and cancer. Also, the commonality of diabetes and cancer co-occurrence, particularly for Māori, reinforces the need for a multidisciplinary, joined-up approach to the detection and care of both conditions. Given the disproportionate burden of diabetes and those cancers that share risk factors with diabetes, action in these areas is likely to reduce ethnic inequities in outcomes from both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Gurney
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - James Stanley
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Teng
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bridget Robson
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nina Scott
- Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | | | - Chunhuan Lao
- Medical Research Centre, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Ross Lawrenson
- Medical Research Centre, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy Krebs
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- Waitematā District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
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Engelhardt M, Brioli A, von Lilienfeld-Toal M. [Differences due to socio-economic status, genetic background and sex in cancer and precision medicine - An intersectional approach to close the care gap for marginalized groups]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2023; 148:528-538. [PMID: 37094588 DOI: 10.1055/a-1892-4833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant tumor diseases constitute the 2nd most common cause of death and due to our extended life expectancy cancer per se has substantially increased, being highly prevalent after cardiovascular diseases. Evidence also generated from the COVID-19 pandemic, that defined gender differences exist in symptom and disease courses, and have advocated the need to assess gender, ethnic/racial and minority differences in cancer care and treatment more meticulously. It is becoming increasingly evident that in novel cancer care/precision oncology, representation of minorities, elderly and frail patients in clinical trials remains largely unbalanced, thus distribution of cancer success is iniquitous. This article focusses on these aspects and suggests solutions, how this can be improved.
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4
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The comparison of cancer gene mutation frequencies in Chinese and U.S. patient populations. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5651. [PMID: 36163440 PMCID: PMC9512793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing the mutation frequency of cancer genes in China is crucial for reducing the global health burden. We integrate the tumor epidemiological statistics with cancer gene mutation rates identified in 11,948 cancer patients to determine their weighted proportions within a Chinese cancer patient cohort. TP53 (51.4%), LRP1B (13.4%), PIK3CA (11.6%), KRAS (11.1%), EGFR (10.6%), and APC (10.5%) are identified as the top mutated cancer genes in China. Additionally, 18 common cancer types from both China and U.S. cohorts are analyzed and classified into three patterns principally based upon TP53 mutation rates: TP53-Top, TP53-Plus, and Non-TP53. Next, corresponding similarities and prominent differences are identified upon comparing the mutational profiles from both cohorts. Finally, the potential population-specific and environmental risk factors underlying the disparities in cancer gene mutation rates between the U.S. and China are analyzed. Here, we show and compare the mutation rates of cancer genes in Chinese and U.S. population cohorts, for a better understanding of the associated etiological and epidemiological factors, which are important for cancer prevention and therapy.
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5
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Equity of travel required to access first definitive surgery for liver or stomach cancer in New Zealand. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269593. [PMID: 35951652 PMCID: PMC9371338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In New Zealand, there are known disparities between the Indigenous Māori and the majority non-Indigenous European populations in access to cancer treatment, with resulting disparities in cancer survival. There is international evidence of ethnic disparities in the distance travelled to access cancer treatment; and as such, the aim of this paper was to examine the distance and time travelled to access surgical care between Māori and European liver and stomach cancer patients. We used national-level data and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis to describe the distance travelled by patients to receive their first primary surgery for liver or stomach cancer, as well as the estimated time to travel this distance by road, and the surgical volume of hospitals performing these procedures. All cases of liver (ICD-10-AM 3rd edition code: C22) and stomach (C16) cancer that occurred in New Zealand (2007–2019) were drawn from the New Zealand Cancer Registry (liver cancer: 866 Māori, 2,460 European; stomach cancer: 953 Māori, 3,192 European), and linked to national inpatient hospitalisation records to examine access to surgery. We found that Māori on average travel 120km for liver cancer surgery, compared to around 60km for Europeans, while a substantial minority of both Māori and European liver cancer patients must travel more than 200km for their first primary liver surgery, and this situation appears worse for Māori (36% vs 29%; adj. OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.09–2.01). No such disparities were observed for stomach cancer. This contrast between cancers is likely driven by the centralisation of liver cancer surgery relative to stomach cancer. In order to support Māori to access liver cancer care, we recommend that additional support is provided to Māori patients (including prospective financial support), and that efforts are made to remotely provide those clinical services that can be decentralised.
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Berger J, Engelhardt M, Möller MD, Radeloff K, Seltmann A, von Lilienfeld-Toal M. Sozioökonomische Benachteiligung als Risikofaktor für Krebserkrankungen – „closing the care gap“. FORUM 2022. [PMCID: PMC9362474 DOI: 10.1007/s12312-022-01113-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Armut ist ein Risikofaktor für Krebs. Menschen aus sozioökonomisch benachteiligten Gesellschaftsschichten erkranken häufiger und früher an Krebs, haben nach Diagnosestellung oftmals eine kürzere Lebenserwartung und profitieren hinsichtlich des Gesamtüberlebens weniger von der Therapie. Diese Beobachtung hat sich im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie weiter verschärft. Im vorliegenden Beitrag stellen wir zusammengefasst Ergebnisse für Deutschland dar, die diesen Zusammenhang illustrieren. Methodisch greifen wir dazu auf Erkenntnisse zurück, die sich auf individuelle Marker wie das individuelle Einkommen oder auf regionale Indizes sozialer Deprivation wie den German Index of Multiple Deprivation (GIMD) konzentrieren. Das Konzept der Klassenmedizin hinterfragt strukturelle Bedingungen, die dazu führen, dass das Versorgungssystem und die Behandler*innen selbst bestehende Unterschiede weiter fördern, anstatt diese auszugleichen. Faktoren der Ungleichheit in der Versorgung von Menschen gerade mit onkologischen Erkrankungen, seien sie sozioökonomischer, geschlechtsspezifischer oder ethnischer Art, müssen besser erfasst werden, um eine gerechte und gleichwertige Behandlung aller Menschen zu gewährleisten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Berger
- Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Monika Engelhardt
- Hämatologie und Onkologie, Interdisziplinäres Tumorzentrum, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 53, 79106 Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - Mandy-Deborah Möller
- Hämatologie und Onkologie, Interdisziplinäres Tumorzentrum, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Hugstetterstr. 53, 79106 Freiburg, Deutschland
| | - Katrin Radeloff
- Universitätsklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Evangelischen Krankenhaus Oldenburg, Steinweg 13–17, 26122 Oldenburg, Deutschland
| | - Alexander Seltmann
- MediNetz Jena e. V. c/o Anonymer Krankenschein Thüringen e. V., Westbahnhofstr. 2, 07743 Jena, Deutschland
| | - Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal
- Abteilung für Hämatologie und internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Deutschland
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7
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Context of cancer control in New Zealand. J Cancer Policy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2019.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Chen J, Yang H, Teo ASM, Amer LB, Sherbaf FG, Tan CQ, Alvarez JJS, Lu B, Lim JQ, Takano A, Nahar R, Lee YY, Phua CZJ, Chua KP, Suteja L, Chen PJ, Chang MM, Koh TPT, Ong BH, Anantham D, Hsu AAL, Gogna A, Too CW, Aung ZW, Lee YF, Wang L, Lim TKH, Wilm A, Choi PS, Ng PY, Toh CK, Lim WT, Ma S, Lim B, Liu J, Tam WL, Skanderup AJ, Yeong JPS, Tan EH, Creasy CL, Tan DSW, Hillmer AM, Zhai W. Genomic landscape of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians. Nat Genet 2020; 52:177-186. [PMID: 32015526 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the world's leading cause of cancer death and shows strong ancestry disparities. By sequencing and assembling a large genomic and transcriptomic dataset of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) in individuals of East Asian ancestry (EAS; n = 305), we found that East Asian LUADs had more stable genomes characterized by fewer mutations and fewer copy number alterations than LUADs from individuals of European ancestry. This difference is much stronger in smokers as compared to nonsmokers. Transcriptomic clustering identified a new EAS-specific LUAD subgroup with a less complex genomic profile and upregulated immune-related genes, allowing the possibility of immunotherapy-based approaches. Integrative analysis across clinical and molecular features showed the importance of molecular phenotypes in patient prognostic stratification. EAS LUADs had better prediction accuracy than those of European ancestry, potentially due to their less complex genomic architecture. This study elucidated a comprehensive genomic landscape of EAS LUADs and highlighted important ancestry differences between the two cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Chen
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hechuan Yang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Audrey Su Min Teo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lidyana Bte Amer
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Faranak Ghazi Sherbaf
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chu Quan Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Bingxin Lu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Qi Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angela Takano
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rahul Nahar
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yin Yeng Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Zi Jin Phua
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khi Pin Chua
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lisda Suteja
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pauline Jieqi Chen
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei Mei Chang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Boon-Hean Ong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Devanand Anantham
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anne Ann Ling Hsu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Apoorva Gogna
- Department of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chow Wei Too
- Department of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zaw Win Aung
- Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Fei Lee
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lanying Wang
- Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andreas Wilm
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Poh Sum Choi
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Poh Yong Ng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Keong Toh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siming Ma
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bing Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Liu
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders Jacobsen Skanderup
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joe Poh Sheng Yeong
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-Huat Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Daniel Shao Weng Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. .,Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cancer Therapeutics Research Laboratory, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Axel M Hillmer
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. .,Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Weiwei Zhai
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. .,Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. .,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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9
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Signal V, Gurney J, Inns S, McLeod M, Sika-Paotonu D, Sowerbutts S, Teng A, Sarfati D. Helicobacter pylori, stomach cancer and its prevention in New Zealand. J R Soc N Z 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2019.1650081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Signal
- Cancer and Chronic Conditions (C3) Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Jason Gurney
- Cancer and Chronic Conditions (C3) Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Inns
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Melissa McLeod
- Cancer and Chronic Conditions (C3) Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dianne Sika-Paotonu
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- Dean’s Department, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines & Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sam Sowerbutts
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Teng
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Diana Sarfati
- Cancer and Chronic Conditions (C3) Research Group, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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10
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Zhao K, Zhang R, Li T, Xiong Z. Functional variants of lncRNA LINC00673 and gastric cancer susceptibility: a case-control study in a Chinese population. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:3861-3868. [PMID: 31118802 PMCID: PMC6503345 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s187011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified LINC00673 rs11655237 was associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Methods: To investigate the association between LINC00673 polymorphisms and gastric cancer (GC) risk, and the impact of gene-environmental interaction on GC risk, we conducted this case-control study in a Chinese population. Results: We found rs11655237 significantly increased susceptibility of GC in the Chinese population (OR=1.29; 95% CI=1.12-1.48; P=4.1×10-4), and a significant interaction was found between rs11655237 and Helicobacter pylori infection (P=0.006). Expression of LINC00673 was significantly higher in adjacent normal tissues than in paired cancer tissues (P<0.001) and significantly lower in the cancer or paired adjacent normal tissues of GC patients with rs11655237 allele A than in those with rs11655237 allele G (P<0.001). Mechanism exploration found that, the construct with the rs11655237[A] allele had significantly reduced luciferase activity in the presence of miR-1231, and this effect could be completely rescued when miR-1231 inhibitor was present. Conclusion: Our results indicate that LINC00673 rs11655237 is associated with an increased GC risk, possibly by down-regulating LINC00673 expression through creating a miR-1231 binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430077, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Li
- College of Life Science & Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifan Xiong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430077, People’s Republic of China
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Glover M, Nolte M, Wagemakers A, McRobbie H, Kruger R, Breier BH, Stephen J, Funaki-Tahifote M, Shanthakumar M. Adherence to daily dietary and activity goals set within a Māori and Pacific weight loss competition. BMC OBESITY 2019; 6:6. [PMID: 30867932 PMCID: PMC6398225 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-019-0228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New Zealand Pacific and Māori populations measure disproportionately high on the international body mass index (BMI). Information is needed on what behavioural weight loss goals to recommend and how to attract and retain them in interventions. Our team weight loss competition trial for participants with a BMI ≥30 used cash prizes to incentivise completion of nine daily behaviour goals. This paper evaluates the theoretical merit of and adherence to these goals. METHODS A qualitative component evaluation methodology was used. Trial data on team activity, demographics and anthropometric outcome data were extracted to determine frequency of daily goal completion by teams throughout the competition and to describe participant characteristics. T-tests were used to compare completion rates of the challenges, challenge completion by day of week and between weekdays and weekends. To examine adherence to the daily challenge activity over 24 weeks the total amount of completed challenges adjusted for number of active teams was plotted by week. A Body Shape Index (ABSI) was used to determine individual anthropometric change from baseline to 8, 16 and 24 weeks. Program documents were analysed to identify barriers to adherence and retention of participants. RESULTS Of 19 teams (N = 130) who began only five teams performed daily goals across the whole 24 weeks. Adherence was highest during the first 8 weeks. No difference in performance between goals was found suggesting they were equally viable, though tasks worth less points were performed more frequently. Goal completion was higher on weekdays. The behaviour goals appeared to have theoretical merit in that more members of high performing teams experienced a positive change in their ABSI. CONCLUSIONS Incentives offer a promising strategy for encouraging retention in weight loss interventions. This study suggests that participants in a competition will perform incentivised tasks. The findings however, are limited by missing data and high drop out of individuals and whole teams. Further research is needed on how to increase retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marewa Glover
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, PO Box 89186, Torbay, Auckland, 0742 New Zealand
| | - Marrit Nolte
- Health and Society, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Wagemakers
- Health and Society, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rozanne Kruger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bernhard H. Breier
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane Stephen
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, PO Box 89186, Torbay, Auckland, 0742 New Zealand
| | | | - Mathu Shanthakumar
- Environmental Health Indicators Programme, Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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Ellison-Loschmann L, Sporle A, Corbin M, Cheng S, Harawira P, Gray M, Whaanga T, Guilford P, Koea J, Pearce N. Risk of stomach cancer in Aotearoa/New Zealand: A Māori population based case-control study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181581. [PMID: 28732086 PMCID: PMC5521812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand, experience disproportionate rates of stomach cancer, compared to non-Māori. The overall aim of the study was to better understand the reasons for the considerable excess of stomach cancer in Māori and to identify priorities for prevention. Māori stomach cancer cases from the New Zealand Cancer Registry between 1 February 2009 and 31 October 2013 and Māori controls, randomly selected from the New Zealand electoral roll were matched by 5-year age bands to cases. Logistic regression was used to estimate odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between exposures and stomach cancer risk. Post-stratification weighting of controls was used to account for differential non-response by deprivation category. The study comprised 165 cases and 480 controls. Nearly half (47.9%) of cases were of the diffuse subtype. There were differences in the distribution of risk factors between cases and controls. Of interest were the strong relationships seen with increased stomach risk and having >2 people sharing a bedroom in childhood (OR 3.30, 95%CI 1.95–5.59), testing for H pylori (OR 12.17, 95%CI 6.15–24.08), being an ex-smoker (OR 2.26, 95%CI 1.44–3.54) and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in adulthood (OR 3.29, 95%CI 1.94–5.59). Some results were attenuated following post-stratification weighting. This is the first national study of stomach cancer in any indigenous population and the first Māori-only population-based study of stomach cancer undertaken in New Zealand. We emphasize caution in interpreting the findings given the possibility of selection bias. Population-level strategies to reduce the incidence of stomach cancer in Māori include expanding measures to screen and treat those infected with H pylori and a continued policy focus on reducing tobacco consumption and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lis Ellison-Loschmann
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew Sporle
- Department of Statistics, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marine Corbin
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Soo Cheng
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Michelle Gray
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Tracey Whaanga
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Parry Guilford
- Centre for Translational Research, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Koea
- Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, England
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Selgrad M, Malfertheiner P. Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection: What Should the Surgeon Know? Visc Med 2017; 33:216-219. [PMID: 28785571 DOI: 10.1159/000477977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori continues to represent a major global health care burden, and various national and international consensus reports and guidelines have aimed at tracking recent developments for their translation into an optimized clinical management. The most important 'innovation' is the definition of H. pylori gastritis as an infectious disease. This does imply the consideration of therapy of this condition even before the development of clinical manifestations including non-malignant and malignant gastroduodenal diseases, such as peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Treatment of H. pylori is facing an increasing number of failures, with the main reason being an increasing antibiotic resistance to some of the previously most effective antibiotics, i.e. clarithromycin and levofloxacin, for H. pylori strains. Several new treatment options or modifications of already established regimens have been introduced to overcome bacterial resistance and treatment failure. In this review, we provide an update on the current recommendations for a successful management of H. pylori infection, and in this context a special reference is made to the role of visceral surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Selgrad
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Teng AM, Kvizhinadze G, Nair N, McLeod M, Wilson N, Blakely T. A screening program to test and treat for Helicobacter pylori infection: Cost-utility analysis by age, sex and ethnicity. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:156. [PMID: 28219322 PMCID: PMC5319166 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends all countries consider screening for H. pylori to prevent gastric cancer. We therefore aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a H. pylori serology-based screening program in New Zealand, a country that includes population groups with relatively high gastric cancer rates. METHODS A Markov model was developed using life-tables and morbidity data from a national burden of disease study. The modelled screening program reduced the incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer attributable to H. pylori, if infection was identified by serology screening, and for the population expected to be reached by the screening program. A health system perspective was taken and detailed individual-level costing data was used. RESULTS For adults aged 25-69 years old, nation-wide screening for H. pylori was found to have an incremental cost of US$196 million (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI]: $182-$211 million) with health gains of 14,200 QALYs (95% UI: 5,100-26,300). Cost per QALY gained was US$16,500 ($7,600-$38,400) in the total population and 17% (6%-29%) of future gastric cancer cases could be averted with lifetime follow-up. A targeted screening program for Māori only (indigenous population), was more cost-effective at US$8,000 ($3,800-$18,500) per QALY. CONCLUSIONS This modeling study found that H. pylori screening was likely to be cost-effective in this high-income country, particularly for the indigenous population. While further research is needed to help clarify the precise benefits, costs and adverse effects of such screening programs, there seems a reasonable case for policy-makers to give pilot programs consideration, particularly for any population groups with relatively elevated rates of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M. Teng
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Giorgi Kvizhinadze
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nisha Nair
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Melissa McLeod
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Nick Wilson
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Tony Blakely
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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