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Bi Y, Zheng R, Hu J, Shi R, Shi J, Wang Y, Wang P, Jiang W, Kim G, Liu Z, Li X, Lin L. A novel FGFR1 inhibitor CYY292 suppresses tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis of glioblastoma by inhibiting the Akt/GSK3β/snail signaling axis. Genes Dis 2024; 11:479-494. [PMID: 37588207 PMCID: PMC10425802 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor that grows quickly, spreads widely, and is resistant to treatment. Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1 is a receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates cellular processes, including proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation. FGFR1 was predominantly expressed in GBM tissues, and FGFR1 expression was negatively correlated with overall survival. We rationally designed a novel small molecule CYY292, which exhibited a strong affinity for the FGFR1 protein in GBM cell lines in vitro. CYY292 also exerted an effect on the conserved Ser777 residue of FGFR1. CYY292 dose-dependently inhibited cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, invasion, and migration in vitro by specifically targeting the FGFR1/AKT/Snail pathways in GBM cells, and this effect was prevented by pharmacological inhibitors and critical gene knockdown. In vivo experiments revealed that CYY292 inhibited U87MG tumor growth more effectively than AZD4547. CYY292 also efficiently reduced GBM cell proliferation and increased survival in orthotopic GBM models. This study further elucidates the function of FGFR1 in the GBM and reveals the effect of CYY292, which targets FGFR1, on downstream signaling pathways directly reducing GBM cell growth, invasion, and metastasis and thus impairing the recruitment, activation, and function of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanran Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruiling Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiahao Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ruiqing Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wenyi Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Gyudong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Li Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
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Zhang H, Han Y, Xiao W, Gao Y, Sui Z, Ren P, Meng F, Tang P, Yu Z. USP4 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting TAK1. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:730. [PMID: 37949874 PMCID: PMC10638297 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) represents a potential oncogene involved in various human cancers. Nevertheless, the biological roles and precise mechanism of USP4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression are not understood. Here, USP4 expression was found to be markedly upregulated in ESCC tumor tissues and cells. Loss- and gain-of-function assays suggested that USP4 silencing inhibited ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while USP4 overexpression promoted these behaviors. Consistently, USP4 silencing repressed tumor growth and metastasis in an ESCC nude mouse model in vivo. As a target molecule of USP4, transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) also showed high expression in ESCC. Moreover, we observed that USP4 specifically interacted with TAK1 and stabilized TAK1 protein levels via deubiquitination in ESCC cells. Importantly, USP4 promotes ESCC proliferation, migration, and invasion via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and can be inhibited by U0126. Neutral red (NR), an inhibitor of USP4 can suppress ESCC progression in vitro and in vivo. Overall, this study revealed that USP4/TAK1 plays crucial roles in ESCC progression by modulating proliferation, migration, and invasion, and USP4 might be a potential therapeutic target in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdian Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Youming Han
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Binhai Hospital of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300456, China
| | - Wanyi Xiao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yongyin Gao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhilin Sui
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PeKing Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Peng Ren
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fanbiao Meng
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Peng Tang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Zhentao Yu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer of Tianjin, Tianjin, 300060, China.
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PeKing Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518116, China.
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Peng X, Shi J, Zhao Z, Tong R, Zhang X, Zhong L. Emetine, a small molecule natural product, displays potent anti-gastric cancer activity via regulation of multiple signaling pathways. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:303-315. [PMID: 36941385 PMCID: PMC10027284 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a life-threatening malignant tumor with high incidence rate. Despite great progress, there are still many GC sufferers that cannot benefit from the existing anti-GC treatments. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop novel medicines against GC. Emetine, a natural small molecule isolated from Psychotria ipecacuanha, has been broadly used for medicinal purposes including cancer treatment. Here, we conducted a comprehensive study on the anti-GC effects of emetine and the related mechanisms of action. METHODS The cell viability was evaluated by MTT and colony formation assay. Cellular proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed by edu incorporation assay and Annexin V-PI staining, respectively. Moreover, wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion after treatment with emetine. To elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the anti-GC effects of emetine, RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analysis were carried out on MGC803 cells. Then, the western blot analysis was performed to further verify the anti-GC mechanism of emetine. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy of emetine was evaluated in the MGC803 xenograft model. RESULTS MTT and colony formation assay exhibited a strong potency of emetine against GC cell growth, with IC50 values of 0.0497 μM and 0.0244 μM on MGC803 and HGC-27 cells, respectively. Further pharmacodynamic studies revealed that emetine restrained the growth of GC cells mainly via proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction. Meanwhile, emetine also had the ability to block GC cell migration and invasion. The results of RNA sequencing and western blot showed that emetine acted through regulating multiple signaling pathways, including not only MAPKs and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axes, but also PI3K/AKT and Hippo/YAP signaling cascades that were not found in other tumor types. Notably, the antitumor efficacy of emetine could also be observed in MGC803 xenograft models. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that emetine is a promising lead compound and even a potential drug candidate for GC treatment, deserving further structural optimization and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerun Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Gillson J, Abd El-Aziz YS, Leck LYW, Jansson PJ, Pavlakis N, Samra JS, Mittal A, Sahni S. Autophagy: A Key Player in Pancreatic Cancer Progression and a Potential Drug Target. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143528. [PMID: 35884592 PMCID: PMC9315706 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary With the mortality rate of pancreatic cancer predicted to rise over the coming years, it is essential that effective treatment strategies are developed as soon as possible. Pancreatic cancer has always proven very difficult to treat due to its fast growing and aggressive nature. Chemotherapeutic treatment has struggled to increase the survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients due to effective chemo-resistant properties that derive from the supporting tumor microenvironment and autophagy, a vital survival pathway. This review will explore how the autophagy pathway and tumor microenvironment help to sustain tumor survival under stress and expand into a metastatic state. Due to the comprehensive understanding of the autophagy pathway, we will highlight the potential chinks in the pancreatic tumor’s armor and identify potential targets to overcome chemo-resistance in pancreatic cancer. We will also present novel autophagy inhibitors that could reduce tumor survival and how they could be most effectively conceived. Abstract Pancreatic cancer is known to have the lowest survival outcomes among all major cancers, and unfortunately, this has only been marginally improved over last four decades. The innate characteristics of pancreatic cancer include an aggressive and fast-growing nature from powerful driver mutations, a highly defensive tumor microenvironment and the upregulation of advantageous survival pathways such as autophagy. Autophagy involves targeted degradation of proteins and organelles to provide a secondary source of cellular supplies to maintain cell growth. Elevated autophagic activity in pancreatic cancer is recognized as a major survival pathway as it provides a plethora of support for tumors by supplying vital resources, maintaining tumour survival under the stressful microenvironment and promoting other pathways involved in tumour progression and metastasis. The combination of these features is unique to pancreatic cancer and present significant resistance to chemotherapeutic strategies, thus, indicating a need for further investigation into therapies targeting this crucial pathway. This review will outline the autophagy pathway and its regulation, in addition to the genetic landscape and tumor microenvironment that contribute to pancreatic cancer severity. Moreover, this review will also discuss the mechanisms of novel therapeutic strategies that inhibit autophagy and how they could be used to suppress tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Gillson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Yomna S. Abd El-Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Lionel Y. W. Leck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Patric J. Jansson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Cancer Drug Resistance and Stem Cell Program, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Jaswinder S. Samra
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Anubhav Mittal
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sumit Sahni
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (J.G.); (Y.S.A.E.-A.); (L.Y.W.L.); (P.J.J.); (N.P.); (J.S.S.); (A.M.)
- Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Australian Pancreatic Centre, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9926-7829
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Spirina LV, Avgustinovich AV, Bakina OV, Afanas’ev SG, Volkov MY, Kebekbayeva AY. LC3B, mTOR, AMPK Are Molecular Targets for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancers. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2772-2782. [PMID: 35877414 PMCID: PMC9315670 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44070190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a dual role in oncogenesis processes. On one hand, autophagy enhances the cell resistance to oncogenic factors, and on the other hand, it participates in the tumor progression. The aim of the study was to find the associations between the effectiveness of the FLOT regimen in resectable gastric cancers (GCs) with the key autophagy-related proteins. Materials and Methods: The study included 34 patients with morphologically verified gastric cancer. All patients had FLOT neoadjunvant chemotherapy (NACT) (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and docetaxel) followed by gastrectomy. The studied tissue material was the non-transformed and tumor tissues obtained during diagnostic video gastroscopy in patients before the start of the combined treatment and after surgical treatment, frozen after collection. The LC3B, mTOR, and AMPK expression was determined by real-time PCR. The content of the LC3B protein was determined by Western blotting analysis. Results: The mRNA level and the content of the LC3B protein were associated with the tumor stage and the presence of signet ring cells. The AMPK mRNA level was increased in patients with the T4N0-2M0 stage by 37.7 and 7.33 times, which was consequently compared with patients with the T2N0M0 and T3N0-1M0 stages. The opposite changes in the mTOR and AMPK in the GCs before anti-cancer therapy were noted. The tumor size and regional lymph node affections were associated with a decrease in the mTOR mRNA level. A decrease in the mTOR expression was accompanied by an increase in the AMPK expression in the GCs. The mTOR expression was reduced in patients with a cancer spreading; in contrast, AMPK grew with the tumor size. There was an increase in the LC3B expression, which can probably determine the response to therapy. An increase in LC3B mRNA before the start of treatment and the protein content in cancers after NACT with a decrease in therapy effectiveness was recorded. There was an increase in the protein level in patients with partial regression and stabilization by 3.65 and 5.78 times, respectively, when compared with patients with complete tumor regression was noted. Conclusions: The anticancer effectiveness in GCS is down to the LC3B, mTOR, and AMPK expression. These were found to be entire molecular targets affecting the cancer progression and metastasis as well as the NACT effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudmila V. Spirina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (O.V.B.); (A.Y.K.)
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.G.A.); (M.Y.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandra V. Avgustinovich
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.G.A.); (M.Y.V.)
| | - Olga V. Bakina
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (O.V.B.); (A.Y.K.)
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2/4, pr. Akademicheskii, Tomsk 634055, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Afanas’ev
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.G.A.); (M.Y.V.)
| | - Maxim Yu. Volkov
- Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, 5 Kooperativny Street, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (A.V.A.); (S.G.A.); (M.Y.V.)
| | - Amina Y. Kebekbayeva
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Siberian State Medical University, 2, Moskovsky Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia; (O.V.B.); (A.Y.K.)
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Bao X, Liu Y, Huang J, Yin S, Sheng H, Han X, Chen Q, Wang T, Chen S, Qiu Y, Zhang C, Yu H. Stachydrine hydrochloride inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression via LIF/AMPK axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154066. [PMID: 35366490 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not only one of the four highest malignancies, but also the principal reason of cancer-related death worldwide, yet no effective medication for anti-HCC is available. Stachydrine hydrochloride (SH), an alkaloid component in Panzeria alaschanica Kupr, exhibits potent antitumor activity in breast cancer. However, the anti-HCC effects of SH remain unknown. PURPOSE Our study assessed the therapeutic effect of SH on HCC and tried to clarify the mechanisms by which it ameliorates HCC. No studies involving using SH for anti-HCC activity and molecular mechanism have been reported yet. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS We examined the cell viability of SH on HCC cells by MTT assay. The effect of SH on cell autophagy in HCC cells was verified by Western blot and Immunofluorescence test. Flow cytometry was performed to assess cell-cycle arrest effects. Cell senescence was detected using β-Gal staining and Western blot, respectively. An inhibitor or siRNA of autophagy, i.e., CQ and si LC-3B, were applied to confirm the role of autophagy acted in the anti-cancer function of SH. Protein expression in signaling pathways was detected by Western blot. Besides, molecular docking combined with cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) was used for analysis. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model were built to explore the inhibitory effect of SH in HCC in vivo. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that SH possessed an anti-HCC effect by inducing autophagy, cell-cycle arrest and promoting cell senescence. Specifically, SH induced autophagy with p62 and LC-3B expression. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that SH caused an obvious cell-cycle arrest, accompanied by the decrease and increase in Cyclin D1 and p27 levels, respectively. Additionally, SH induced cell senescence with the induction of p21 in HCC cell lines. Mechanistically, SH treatment down-regulated the LIF and up-regulated p-AMPK. Moreover, PDX model in NSG mice was conducted to support the results in vitro. CONCLUSION This study is the first to report the inhibitory function of SH in HCC, which may be due to the induction of autophagy and senescence. This study provides novel insights into the anti-HCC efficacy of SH and it might be a potential lead compound for further development of drug candidates for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yiman Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Sibao Chen
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chunze Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Kinases and therapeutics in pathogen mediated gastric cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2519-2530. [PMID: 35031925 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many pathogens have coexisted with humans for millennia and can cause chronic inflammation which is the cause of gastritis. Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with 8.8% of cancer related deaths, making it one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths worldwide. This review is intended to give brief information about Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) role in GC and associated kinases. These organisms can trigger multiple cellular pathways aiming for unnatural cellular proliferation, apoptosis, migration and inflammatory response. Kinases also can activate and deactivate the signalling leading to aforementioned pathways. Therefore, studying kinases is inevitable. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review is the comprehensive collection of information from different data sources such as journals, book, book chapters and verified online information. CONCLUSION Kinase amplifications could be used as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in various cancer types. Hence targeting kinase and related signalling molecules could be considered as a potential approach to prevent cancer through these organisms. Here we summarize the brief information about the role of kinases, signalling and their therapeutics in GC concerning H. pylori, EBV and HCMV.
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Kono M, Komatsuda H, Yamaki H, Kumai T, Hayashi R, Wakisaka R, Nagato T, Ohkuri T, Kosaka A, Ohara K, Kishibe K, Takahara M, Katada A, Hayashi T, Kobayashi H, Harabuchi Y. Immunomodulation via FGFR inhibition augments FGFR1 targeting T-cell based antitumor immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2021619. [PMID: 35003900 PMCID: PMC8741288 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.2021619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) is overexpressed in multiple types of solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Being associated with poor prognosis, FGFR1 is a potential therapeutic target for aggressive tumors. T cell-based cancer immunotherapy has played a central role in novel cancer treatments. However, the potential of antitumor immunotherapy targeting FGFR1 has not been investigated. Here, we showed that FGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) augmented antitumor effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in an HNSCC mouse model and upregulated tumoral MHC class I and MHC class II expression in vivo and in vitro. This upregulation was associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, which is a crucial pathway for cancer development through FGFR signaling. Moreover, we identified an FGFR1-derived peptide epitope (FGFR1305-319) that could elicit antigen-reactive and multiple HLA-restricted CD4+ T cell responses. These T cells showed direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells that expressed FGFR1. Notably, FGFR-TKIs augmented antitumor effects of FGFR1-reactive T cells against human HNSCC cells. These results indicate that the combination of FGFR-TKIs with immunotherapy, such as an FGFR1-targeting peptide vaccine or immune checkpoint inhibitor, could be a novel and robust immunologic approach for treating patients with FGFR1-expressing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihisa Kono
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Komatsuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hidekiyo Yamaki
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takumi Kumai
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Innovative Head & Neck Cancer Research and Treatment, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Hayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Risa Wakisaka
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nagato
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkuri
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akemi Kosaka
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kenzo Ohara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kan Kishibe
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Miki Takahara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Katada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan.,Department of Innovative Head & Neck Cancer Research and Treatment, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Harabuchi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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9
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Zhao R, Li B, Zhang S, He Z, Pan Z, Guo Q, Qiu W, Qi Y, Zhao S, Wang S, Chen Z, Zhang P, Guo X, Xue H, Li G. The N 6-Methyladenosine-Modified Pseudogene HSPA7 Correlates With the Tumor Microenvironment and Predicts the Response to Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653711. [PMID: 34354698 PMCID: PMC8329659 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most aggressive tumors of the brain, has no effective or sufficient therapies. Identifying robust biomarkers for the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy, a promising treatment option for GBM patients, is urgently needed. Methods We comprehensively evaluated lncRNA m6A modification patterns in m6A-sequencing (m6A-seq) data for GBM tissues and systematically investigated the immune and stromal regulators of these m6A-regulated lncRNAs. We used the single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm to investigate the difference in enriched tumor microenvironment (TME) infiltrating cells and the functional annotation of HSPA7 in individual GBM samples. Further, we validated that HSPA7 promoted the recruitment of macrophages into GBM TME in vitro, as well as in our GBM tissue section. We also explored its impact on the efficacy of ICB therapy using the patient-derived glioblastoma organoid (GBO) model. Results Here, we depicted the first transcriptome-wide m6A methylation profile of lncRNAs in GBM, revealing highly distinct lncRNA m6A modification patterns compared to those in normal brain tissues. We identified the m6A-modified pseudogene HSPA7 as a novel prognostic risk factor in GBM patients, with crucial roles in immunophenotype determination, stromal activation, and carcinogenic pathway activation. We confirmed that HSPA7 promoted macrophage infiltration and SPP1 expression via upregulating the YAP1 and LOX expression of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) in vitro and in our clinical GBM tumor samples. We also confirmed that knockdown of HSPA7 might increase the efficiency of anti-PD1 therapy utilizing the GBO model, highlighting its potential as a novel target for immunotherapy. Conclusions Our results indicated that HSPA7 could be a novel immunotherapy target for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Boyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shouji Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziwen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qindong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zihang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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10
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Lin Q, Banu K, Ni Z, Leventhal JS, Menon MC. Podocyte Autophagy in Homeostasis and Disease. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061184. [PMID: 33809036 PMCID: PMC7998595 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a protective mechanism that removes dysfunctional components and provides nutrition for cells. Podocytes are terminally differentiated specialized epithelial cells that wrap around the capillaries of the glomerular filtration barrier and show high autophagy level at the baseline. Here, we provide an overview of cellular autophagy and its regulation in homeostasis with specific reference to podocytes. We discuss recent data that have focused on the functional role and regulation of autophagy during podocyte injury in experimental and clinical glomerular diseases. A thorough understanding of podocyte autophagy could shed novel insights into podocyte survival mechanisms with injury and offer potential targets for novel therapeutics for glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisheng Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Q.L.); (K.B.); (J.S.L.)
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China;
| | - Khadija Banu
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Q.L.); (K.B.); (J.S.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China;
| | - Jeremy S. Leventhal
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Q.L.); (K.B.); (J.S.L.)
| | - Madhav C. Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Q.L.); (K.B.); (J.S.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Gene expression barcode values reveal a potential link between Parkinson's disease and gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:6171-6181. [PMID: 33596182 PMCID: PMC7950232 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a disease that develops from the lining of the stomach, whereas Parkinson’s disease is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. Although these two diseases seem to be distinct from each other, increasing evidence suggests that they might be linked. To explore the linkage between these two diseases, differentially expressed genes between the diseased people and their normal controls were identified using the barcode algorithm. This algorithm transforms actual gene expression values into barcode values comprised of 1’s (expressed genes) and 0’s (silenced genes). Once the overlapped differentially expressed genes were identified, their biological relevance was investigated. Thus, using the gene expression profiles and bioinformatics methods, we demonstrate that Parkinson’s disease and gastric cancer are indeed linked. This research may serve as a pilot study, and it will stimulate more research to investigate the relationship between gastric cancer and Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of gene profiles and their functions.
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12
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Yue S, Li Y, Chen X, Wang J, Li M, Chen Y, Wu D. FGFR-TKI resistance in cancer: current status and perspectives. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:23. [PMID: 33568192 PMCID: PMC7876795 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01040-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play key roles in promoting the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cancer cell. Inactivation of FGFRs by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has achieved great success in tumor-targeted therapy. However, resistance to FGFR-TKI has become a concern. Here, we review the mechanisms of FGFR-TKI resistance in cancer, including gatekeeper mutations, alternative signaling pathway activation, lysosome-mediated TKI sequestration, and gene fusion. In addition, we summarize strategies to overcome resistance, including developing covalent inhibitors, developing dual-target inhibitors, adopting combination therapy, and targeting lysosomes, which will facilitate the transition to precision medicine and individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Yue
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Structural Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Structural Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Meixiang Li
- Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Structural Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Daichao Wu
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Structural Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China. .,W.M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, University of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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13
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Shen X, Zhao K, Xu L, Cheng G, Zhu J, Gan L, Wu Y, Zhuang Z. YTHDF2 Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cell Growth by Regulating FOXC2 Signaling Pathway. Front Genet 2021; 11:592042. [PMID: 33505426 PMCID: PMC7831514 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.592042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world, and the fourth most frequent malignancy worldwide. YTHDF2 (YTH domain family 2, YTHDF2) binds to mRNA containing m6A, thereby regulating the localization and stability of the bound mRNA. YTHDF2 was shown to be associated with some cancer patient prognosis. However, the effect of YTHDF2 on gastric cancer and the molecular mechanism of this effect have not been documented. Methods To conduct this research, YTHDF2 expression levels in public databases and gastric cancer patient samples were analyzed. The effects of YTHDF2 on the growth of gastric cancer cells were detected in vivo and in vitro. RNA-seq was used to analyze the signal pathways regulated by YTHDF2, and experiments were carried out for verification. Results In our study, we found that YTHDF2 has lower expression in GC tissues and GC cells, and inhibits the growth of GC cells. In addition, the analysis of clinical data found that the expression level of YTHDF2 is closely related to the stage of GC and the survival of patients with GC. RNA sequencing results showed that overexpression of YTHDF2 significantly reduced protein expression in the FOXC2 (Forkhead box protein C2, FOXC2) signaling pathway. Finally, we found that knockout of FOXC2 reversed the inhibitory effect of YTHDF2 on GC cells. Conclusion In summary, YTHDF2 inhibits the growth of GC cells by negatively regulating FOXC2 and may serve as a prognostic marker in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kui Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guilian Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Gan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongyou Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Guo C, Wang Y, Piao Y, Rao X, Yin D. Chrysophanol Inhibits the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy via Inactivation of TGF-β Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4951-4962. [PMID: 33235436 PMCID: PMC7678702 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s274191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common form of diabetic complication which threatens the health of patients with diabetes. It has been reported that chrysophanol (CHR) can alleviate the progression of diabetes; however, the role of CHR in DN remains unclear. Methods To mimic DN in vitro, human podocytes (AB8/13 cells) were treated with high glucose (HG). Meanwhile, Western blot was performed to detect protein expressions. CCK-8 assay was used to test cell viability and cell proliferation was detected by Ki-67 staining. In addition, flow cytometry was performed to investigate cell apoptosis and cycle and cell migration was tested by transwell assay. Moreover, in vivo model of DN was established to detect the effect of CHR on DN in vivo. Results HG-induced AB8/13 cell growth inhibition was significantly rescued by CHR. In addition, HG notably promoted the migration of AB8/13 cells, while this phenomenon was obviously reversed by CHR. Moreover, CHR inhibited the progression of DN via inactivation of TGF-β/EMT axis. Furthermore, CHR alleviated the symptom of DN in vivo. Conclusion CHR significantly alleviated the progression of DN via inactivation of TGF-β/EMT signaling in vitro and in vivo. Our findings were helpful to uncover the mechanism by which CHR regulates DN, as well as inspire the development of novel therapy against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Piao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrong Rao
- Department of Nephropathy, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Yin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
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15
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Alvarez-Meythaler JG, Garcia-Mayea Y, Mir C, Kondoh H, LLeonart ME. Autophagy Takes Center Stage as a Possible Cancer Hallmark. Front Oncol 2020; 10:586069. [PMID: 33194736 PMCID: PMC7643020 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.586069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite significant advances in cancer research and improvements in anticancer therapies. One of the major obstacles to curing cancer is the difficulty of achieving the complete annihilation of resistant cancer cells. The resistance of cancer cells may not only be due to intrinsic factors or factors acquired during the evolution of the tumor but may also be caused by chemotherapeutic treatment failure. Conversely, autophagy is a conserved cellular process in which intracellular components, such as damaged organelles, aggregated or misfolded proteins and macromolecules, are degraded or recycled to maintain cellular homeostasis. Importantly, autophagy is an essential mechanism that plays a key role in tumor initiation and progression. Depending on the cellular context and microenvironmental conditions, autophagy acts as a double-edged sword, playing a role in inducing apoptosis or promoting cell survival. In this review, we propose several scenarios in which autophagy could contribute to cell survival or cell death. Moreover, a special focus on novel promising targets and therapeutic strategies based on autophagic resistant cells is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose G. Alvarez-Meythaler
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mir
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Kondoh
- Geriatric Unit, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matilde E. LLeonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Network Center in Oncology, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Massa A, Varamo C, Vita F, Tavolari S, Peraldo-Neia C, Brandi G, Rizzo A, Cavalloni G, Aglietta M. Evolution of the Experimental Models of Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082308. [PMID: 32824407 PMCID: PMC7463907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare, aggressive disease with poor overall survival. In advanced cases, surgery is often not possible or fails; in addition, there is a lack of effective and specific therapies. Multidisciplinary approaches and advanced technologies have improved the knowledge of CCA molecular pathogenesis, highlighting its extreme heterogeneity and high frequency of genetic and molecular aberrations. Effective preclinical models, therefore, should be based on a comparable level of complexity. In the past years, there has been a consistent increase in the number of available CCA models. The exploitation of even more complex CCA models is rising. Examples are the use of CRISPR/Cas9 or stabilized organoids for in vitro studies, as well as patient-derived xenografts or transgenic mouse models for in vivo applications. Here, we examine the available preclinical CCA models exploited to investigate: (i) carcinogenesis processes from initiation to progression; and (ii) tools for personalized therapy and innovative therapeutic approaches, including chemotherapy and immune/targeted therapies. For each model, we describe the potential applications, highlighting both its advantages and limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Massa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Varamo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, B3000 KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Vita
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | | | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Giuliana Cavalloni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence:
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