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Favero F, Tolentino TA, Fernandes V, Treptow W, Pereira AL, Lira Machado AH. α-Alkylidene δ-lactones inhibit quorum sensing phenotypes in Chromobacterium strain CV026 showing interaction with the CviR receptor. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18045-18057. [PMID: 37323447 PMCID: PMC10267776 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of bacterial quorum sensing (QS) is presented as a promising strategy to overcome clinically relevant and phytopathogenic bacteria. This work presents α-alkylidene δ-lactones as new chemical scaffolds that inhibit the biosynthesis of violacein in the biosensor strain Chromobacterium CV026. Three molecules displayed higher than 50% violacein reduction when tested at concentrations lower than 625 µM. The most active α-alkylidene δ-lactone inhibited the hydrolysis of chitin concomitantly with the inhibition of violacein production in CV026, suggesting the disruption of its QS machinery. Further, RT-qPCR and competition experiments showed this molecule to be a transcriptional inhibitor of the QS-regulated operon vioABCDE. Docking calculations suggested a good correlation between binding affinity energies and inhibition effects, with all molecules positioned within the CviR autoinducer-binding domain (AIBD). The most active lactone yielded the best binding affinity energy, most probably due to its unprecedented binding with the AIBD. Our results show α-alkylidene δ-lactones as promising chemical scaffolds for the development of new QS inhibitors affecting LuxR/LuxI-systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Favero
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Centro Metropolitano Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul Brasília DF 72220-275 Brazil
| | - Terezinha Alves Tolentino
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Vinicius Fernandes
- Laboratório de Biologia Teórica e Computacional, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Werner Treptow
- Laboratório de Biologia Teórica e Computacional, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Alex Leite Pereira
- Campus of Ceilândia, University of Brasília, Centro Metropolitano Conjunto A, Ceilândia Sul Brasília DF 72220-275 Brazil
| | - Angelo Henrique Lira Machado
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
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Kitpipit W, Scholfield CN, Sangkanu S, Nissapatorn V, Pereira MDL, Paul AK, Mitsuwan W. Virulence factors and quorum sensing as targets of new therapeutic options by plant-derived compounds against bacterial infections caused by human and animal pathogens. Vet World 2023; 16:1346-1355. [PMID: 37577190 PMCID: PMC10421536 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1346-1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired bacterial infection has become rampant due to antibiotic overuse. Virulence factors are secondary to bacterial growth and are important in their pathogenesis, and therefore, new antimicrobial therapies to inhibit bacterial virulence factors are becoming important strategies against antibiotic resistance. Here, we focus on anti-virulence factors that act through anti-quorum sensing and the subsequent clearance of bacteria by antimicrobial compounds, especially active herbal extracts. These quorum sensing systems are based on toxins, biofilms, and efflux pumps, and bioactive compounds isolated from medicinal plants can treat bacterial virulence pathologies. Ideally, bacterial virulence factors are secondary growth factors of bacteria. Hence, inhibition of bacterial virulence factors could reduce bacterial pathogenesis. Furthermore, anti-virulence factors from herbal compounds can be developed as novel treatments for bacterial infection. Therefore, this narrative review aims to discuss bacterial virulence factors acting through quorum sensing systems that are preserved as targets for treating bacterial infection by plant-derived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warangkana Kitpipit
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- Food Technology and Innovation Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - C. Norman Scholfield
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Suthinee Sangkanu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery, and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery, and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Department of Medical Sciences, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
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Ahamad Khan M, Lone SA, Shahid M, Zeyad MT, Syed A, Ehtram A, Elgorban AM, Verma M, Danish M. Phytogenically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) Potentially Inhibit the Bacterial Pathogens: In Vitro Studies. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050452. [PMID: 37235266 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The usefulness of nanoparticles (NPs) in biological applications, such as nanomedicine, is becoming more widely acknowledged. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are a type of metal oxide nanoparticle with an extensive use in biomedicine. Here, ZnO-NPs were synthesized using Cassia siamea (L.) leaf extract and characterized using state-of-the-art techniques; UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and SEM. At sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels, the ability of ZnO@Cs-NPs to suppress quorum-mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation against clinical MDR isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Chromobacterium violaceum MCC-2290) was tested. The ½MIC of ZnO@Cs-NPs reduced violacein production by C. violaceum. Furthermore, ZnO@Cs-NPs sub-MIC significantly inhibited virulence factors such aspyoverdin, pyocyanin, elastase, exoprotease, rhamnolipid, and the swimming motility of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 76.9, 49.0, 71.1, 53.3, 89.5, and 60%, respectively. Moreover, ZnO@Cs-NPs also showed wide anti-biofilm efficacy, inhibiting a maximum of 67 and 56% biofilms in P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum, respectively. In addition, ZnO@Cs-NPs suppressed extra polymeric substances (EPS) produced by isolates. Additionally, under confocal microscopy, propidium iodide-stained cells of P. aeruginosa and C. violaceum show ZnO@Cs-NP-induced impairment in membrane permeability, revealing strong anti-bacterial efficacy. This research demonstrates that newly synthesized ZnO@Cs-NPs demonstrate a strong efficacy against clinical isolates. In a nutshell, ZnO@Cs-NPs can be used as an alternative therapeutic agent for managing pathogenic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Ahamad Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College (JNMC), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Lone
- Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Baramulla 19310, India
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Tarique Zeyad
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aquib Ehtram
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- Centre of Research & Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Mohali 160055, India
| | - Mohammad Danish
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Combination of 2- tert-Butyl-1,4-Benzoquinone (TBQ) and ZnO Nanoparticles, a New Strategy To Inhibit Biofilm Formation and Virulence Factors of Chromobacterium violaceum. mSphere 2023; 8:e0059722. [PMID: 36645278 PMCID: PMC9942565 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00597-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria have been raising serious social problems. Bacterial biofilms and different virulence factors are the main reasons for persistent infections. As a conditioned pathogen, Chromobacterium violaceum has evolved a vast network of regulatory mechanisms to modify and fine-tune biofilm development, contributing to multidrug resistance. However, there are few therapies to combat drug-resistant bacteria. Quorum sensing (QS) inhibitors (QSIs) are a promising strategy to solve antibiotic resistance. Our previous work suggested that 2-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBQ) is a potent QSI. In this study, the combination of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and TBQ (ZnO-TBQ) was investigated for the treatment of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 infection. ZnO-NPs attach to cell walls or biofilms, and the local dissolution of ZnO-NPs can lead to increased Zn2+ concentrations, which could destroy metal homeostasis, corresponding to disturbances in amino acid metabolism and nucleic acid metabolism. ZnO-NPs significantly improved the efficiency of TBQ in inhibiting the QS-related virulence factors and biofilm formation of C. violaceum ATCC 12472. ZnO-TBQ effectively reduces the expression of genes related to QS, which is conducive to limiting the infectivity of C. violaceum ATCC 12472. Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes treated with ZnO-TBQ presented a significant improvement in the survival rate by 46.7%. Overall, the combination of ZnO-NPs and TBQ offers a new strategy to attenuate virulence factors and biofilm formation synergistically in some drug-resistant bacteria. IMPORTANCE The combination of ZnO-NPs and TBQ (ZnO-TBQ) can compete with the inducer N-decanoyl-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) by binding to CviR and downregulate genes related to the CviI/CviR system to interrupt the QS system of C. violaceum ATCC 12472. The downstream genes responding to cviR were also downregulated so that virulence factors and biofilm formation were inhibited. Furthermore, ZnO-TBQ presents multiple metabolic disturbances in C. violaceum ATCC 12472, which results in the reduced multidrug resistance and pathogenicity of C. violaceum ATCC 12472. In an in vivo assay, C. elegans nematodes treated with ZnO-TBQ presented a significant improvement in the survival rate by 46.7% by limiting the infectivity of C. violaceum ATCC 12472. In addition, ZnO-TBQ inhibited the generation of virulence factors and biofilm formation 2-fold compared to either ZnO-NPs or TBQ alone. The combination of ZnO-NPs with TBQ offers a potent synergistic strategy to reduce multidrug resistance and pathogenicity.
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Quorum Quenching Potential of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles against Chromobacterium violaceum 4212. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium that is known to cause human infections in lungs, liver, brain, spleen lymph nodes and urinary tract. It has Acyl Homoserine Lactone (AHL) regulated virulence features like violacein pigment production, swarming motility, biofilm formation and haemolysis. Bacterial pathogens form biofilms in natural as well as medical implants due to a complex signalling – “Quorum Sensing” (QS). QS builds an interaction among the cells, which increases the proliferation and mechanisms necessary for invasion into the host. Instead of using only bactericidal agents for infection control, suppression of QS by Quorum Quenching agents (QQ) can overcome limitations of currently used antimicrobial substances. In the present study biogenic silver nanoparticles (BSNPs) synthesized from selected five plant extracts were screened against Chromobacterium violaceum MCC 4212 for QQ potential. Biofilm inhibition of 91.8% and dispersal of 81.33% was found to be exhibited by BSNPsmade from extracts of Garcinia and Trachyspermum. Swarming nature was inhibited by 66% while there was complete inhibition of haemolysis by BSNPs. Therefore, the BSNPs synthesized were found potential to control the pathogenicity of C. violaceum 4212 as an antibiofilm agent.
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Arendse M, Khan S, Wani MY, Aqlan FM, Al-Bogami AS, Ahmad A. Quorum Sensing and Biofilm Disrupting Potential of Imidazole Derivatives in Chromobacterium violaceum Using Antimicrobial and Drug Discovery Approaches. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:565-582. [PMID: 35301694 PMCID: PMC9151946 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Population of drug-resistant bacteria have increased at an alarming rate in the past few decades. The major reason for increasing drug resistance is the lack of new antibiotics and limited drug targets. It has therefore been a vital task to develop new antibiotics with different drug targets. Two such targets are biofilm formation and quorum sensing. Quorum sensing is cell to cell communication used by bacteria that initiates many important survival processes and aids in establishing pathogenesis. Both biofilm and quorum sensing are inter-related processes and play a major role in physiological and pathogenesis processes. In this study, five novel imidazole derivatives (IMA-1-IMA-5) were synthesised and tested for their antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing activities against Chromobacterium violaceum using different in silico and in vitro techniques following the standard protocols. In silico results revealed that all compounds were able to effectively bind to and interact sufficiently with the target protein CviR. CviR is a protein to which autoinducers bind to initiate the quorum sensing process. In silico results also revealed that the compounds generated favourable structural dynamics implying that the compounds would be able to effectively bind to CviR and inhibit quorum sensing. Susceptibility results revealed that IMA-1 is the most active of all the derivatives against both planktonic cells and biofilms. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of anti-quorum sensing activity at sub-inhibitory concentrations of these compounds also revealed high activity for IMA-1. Down-regulation of most of the quorum sensing genes when cells were treated with the test compounds affirmed the high anti-quorum sensing activities of these compounds. The results from this study are promising and urges on the use of anti-quorum sensing and biofilm disrupting molecules to combat multi-drug resistance problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Arendse
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Shama Khan
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Mohmmad Younus Wani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faisal Mohammed Aqlan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saad Al-Bogami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aijaz Ahmad
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology, Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
- Infection Control, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa.
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Xu KZ, Tan XJ, Chang ZY, Li JJ, Jia AQ. 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone, a food additive oxidant, reduces virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhu W, Gao J, Liu H, Liu J, Jin T, Qin N, Ren X, xia X. Antibiofilm effect of sodium butyrate against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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