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Zhong J, Huang W, Ahmad R, Chen J, Wu C, Hu J, Zheng K, Swain MV, Li Q. A Soft-Tissue Driven Bone Remodeling Algorithm for Mandibular Residual Ridge Resorption Based on Patient CT Image Data. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400091. [PMID: 38722148 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
The role of the biomechanical stimulation generated from soft tissue has not been well quantified or separated from the self-regulated hard tissue remodeling governed by Wolff's Law. Prosthodontic overdentures, commonly used to restore masticatory functions, can cause localized ischemia and inflammation as they often compress patients' oral mucosa and impede local circulation. This biomechanical stimulus in mucosa is found to accelerate the self-regulated residual ridge resorption (RRR), posing ongoing clinical challenges. Based on the dedicated long-term clinical datasets, this work develops an in-silico framework with a combination of techniques, including advanced image post-processing, patient-specific finite element models and unsupervised machine learning Self-Organizing map algorithm, to identify the soft tissue induced RRR and quantitatively elucidate the governing relationship between the RRR and hydrostatic pressure in mucosa. The proposed governing equation has not only enabled a predictive simulation for RRR as showcased in this study, providing a biomechanical basis for optimizing prosthodontic treatments, but also extended the understanding of the mechanobiological responses in the soft-hard tissue interfaces and the role in bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiao Zhong
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Wenwei Huang
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Rohana Ahmad
- Faculty of Dentistry and Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, 40450, Malaysia
| | - Junning Chen
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QJ, UK
| | - Chi Wu
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Jingrui Hu
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QJ, UK
| | - Keke Zheng
- Institute for Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Michael V Swain
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Qing Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, the University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
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Tetradis S, Allen MR, Ruggiero SL. Pathophysiology of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-A Minireview. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10785. [PMID: 37614299 PMCID: PMC10443081 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse effect of antiresorptive medications administered for control of osseous malignancy, osteoporosis, or other bone metabolic diseases. Despite being reported in the literature two decades ago, MRONJ etiology, pathophysiology, and progression remain largely unknown, and current nonoperative or operative treatment strategies are mostly empirical. Several hypotheses that attempt to explain the mechanisms of MRONJ pathogenesis have been proposed. However, none of these hypotheses alone is able to capture the complex mechanistic underpinnings of the disease. In this minireview, we aim to highlight key findings from clinical and translational studies and propose a unifying model for the pathogenesis and progression of MRONJ. We also identify aspects of the disease process that require further investigation and suggest areas for future research efforts toward calibrating methodologic approaches and validating experimental findings. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Tetradis
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical SciencesUCLA School of DentistryLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Matthew R. Allen
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Salvatore L. Ruggiero
- New York Center for Orthognathic and Maxillofacial SurgeryLake SuccessNYUSA
- Department Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryStony Brook School of Dental MedicineStony BrookNYUSA
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHofstra‐Northwell School of MedicineHempsteadNYUSA
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Matsuno H, Li B, Okawara H, Toyoshima Y, Xie C, Khan M, Murakami N, Aoki K, Wakabayashi N. Effect of tension and compression on dynamic alveolar histomorphometry. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105666. [PMID: 36634439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Here, we tested the hypothesis that tensile and compressive stresses generated in the alveolar bone proper regulate site-specific cellular and functional changes in osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Thirty-two 13-week-old male mice were randomly divided into four groups: two experimental groups with vertical loading obliquely from the palatal side to the buccal side of the maxillary molar (0.9 N) 30 min per day for 8 or 15 days and unloaded controls (n = 8). Calcein and alizarin were administered 8 and 2 days before euthanization, respectively, to detect the time of bone formation. Undecalcified sections parallel to the occlusal plane were prepared on the palatal root and the surrounding alveolar bone in the middle of the root length. The alveolar perimeter was divided into 12 equal regions for site analysis, and the bone histomorphometric parameters were obtained for each region. Data from in vivo microfocus computed tomography were used to construct animal-specific finite element models. 2D stress distribution images were overlain on histology images obtained from the same location. Significant differences in the total perimeter between groups and between loading and unloading in each region were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). Osteoclast counts and the alizarin label ratio were significantly higher in the loaded group than in the unloaded group in regions where the maximum von Mises and principal tensile stresses were the highest along the perimeter. The label ratio of calcein was significantly lower in the 8-day loaded group than in the unloaded group, indicating that the calcein-labeled surface was resorbed by osteoclasts that appeared during the loading period. The effect of loading was mitigated by an increase in the maximum principal compressive stress. We conclude that bone resorption and bone formation are functions of site-specific tension and compression in the alveolar bone proper, confirming our hypothesis. This finding is critical for the advancement of diagnosis and treatment planning in clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Matsuno
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bin Li
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisami Okawara
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toyoshima
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cangyou Xie
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masud Khan
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuko Murakami
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wakabayashi
- Advanced Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Marcián P, Borák L, Zikmund T, Horáčková L, Kaiser J, Joukal M, Wolff J. On the limits of finite element models created from (micro)CT datasets and used in studies of bone-implant-related biomechanical problems. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 117:104393. [PMID: 33647729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patient-specific approach is gaining a wide popularity in computational simulations of biomechanical systems. Simulations (most often based on the finite element method) are to date routinely created using data from imaging devices such as computed tomography which makes the models seemingly very complex and sophisticated. However, using a computed tomography in finite element calculations does not necessarily enhance the quality or even credibility of the models as these depend on the quality of the input images. Low-resolution (medical-)CT datasets do not always offer detailed representation of trabecular bone in FE models and thus might lead to incorrect calculation of mechanical response to external loading. The effect of image resolution on mechanical simulations of bone-implant interaction has not been thoroughly studied yet. In this study, the effect of image resolution on the modeling procedure and resulting mechanical strains in bone was analyzed on the example of cranial implant. For this purpose, several finite element models of bone interacting with fixation-screws were generated using seven computed tomography datasets of a bone specimen but with different image resolutions (ranging from micro-CT resolution of 25 μm to medical-CT resolution of 1250 μm). The comparative analysis revealed that FE models created from images of low resolution (obtained from medical computed tomography) can produce biased results. There are two main reasons: 1. Medical computed tomography images do not allow generating models with complex trabecular architecture which leads to substituting of the intertrabecular pores with a fictitious mass; 2. Image gray value distribution can be distorted resulting in incorrect mechanical properties of the bone and thus in unrealistic or even completely fictitious mechanical strains. The biased results of calculated mechanical strains can lead to incorrect conclusion, especially when bone-implant interaction is investigated. The image resolution was observed not to significantly affect stresses in the fixation screw itself; however, selection of bone material representation might result in significantly different stresses in the screw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Marcián
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Borák
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Tomáš Zikmund
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislava Horáčková
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Kaiser
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Joukal
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division for Regenerative Orofacial Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Research Institution for Additive Manufacturing Technologies IAPT, Hamburg, Germany
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Okawara H, Arai Y, Matsuno H, Marcián P, Borák L, Aoki K, Wakabayashi N. Effect of load-induced local mechanical strain on peri-implant bone cell activity related to bone resorption and formation in mice: An analysis of histology and strain distributions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 116:104370. [PMID: 33545417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of load-induced local mechanical strain on bone cell activity of peri-implant bone in mice. Titanium implants were placed in the maxillae of 13-week-old male C57BL/6J mice and subjected to intermittent 0.15 N, 0.3 N, or 0.6 N loads for 30 min/day for 6 days. The animals were sacrificed 2 days after the final loading. Unloaded mice were used as controls. An animal-specific three-dimensional finite element model was constructed based on morphological data retrieved from in vivo microfocus computed tomography for each mouse to calculate the mechanical strain distribution. Strain distribution images were overlaid on corresponding histological images of the same site in the same animal. The buccal cervical region of the peri-implant bone was predetermined as the region of interest (ROI). Each ROI was divided by four strain intensity levels: 0-20 με, 20-60 με, 60-100 με, and ≥100 με, and the bone histomorphometric parameters were analyzed by the total area of each strain range for all loaded samples. The distance between the calcified front and calcein labeling as a parameter representing the mineral apposition rate was significantly greater in the areas with strain intensity ≥100 με than in the area with strain intensity <100 με, suggesting that the bone formation activity of osteoblasts was locally enhanced by a higher mechanical strain. However, the shrunken osteocytes and the empty osteocyte lacunae were significantly lower in the highest strain area, suggesting that osteoclastogenesis was more retarded in higher strain areas than in lower strain areas. The histomorphometric parameters were not affected geometrically in the unloaded animals, suggesting that the load-induced mechanical strain caused differences in the histomorphometric parameters. Our findings support the hypothesis that bone cell activity related to bone resorption and formation is local strain-dependent on implant loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisami Okawara
- Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yuki Arai
- Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hitomi Matsuno
- Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Petr Marcián
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Borák
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Wakabayashi
- Removable Partial Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
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Delgado-Ruiz RA, Calvo-Guirado JL, Romanos GE. Effects of occlusal forces on the peri-implant-bone interface stability. Periodontol 2000 2019; 81:179-193. [PMID: 31407438 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The occlusal forces and their influence on the initiation of peri-implant bone loss or their relationship with peri-implantitis have created discussion during the past 30 years given the discrepancies observed in clinical, animal, and finite element analysis studies. Beyond these contradictions, in the case of an osseointegrated implant, the occlusal forces can influence the implant-bone interface and the cells responsible for the bone remodeling in different ways that may result in the maintenance or loss of the osseointegration. This comprehensive review focuses on the information available about the forces transmitted through the implant-crown system to the implant-bone interface and the mechano-transduction phenomena responsible for the bone cells' behavior and their interactions. Knowledge of the basic molecular biology of the peri-implant bone would help clinicians to understand the complex phenomenon of occlusal forces and their effects on the implant-bone interface, and would allow better control of the negative effects of mechanical stresses, leading to therapy with fewer risks and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Arcesio Delgado-Ruiz
- Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jose Luis Calvo-Guirado
- International Dentistry Research Cathedra, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Universidad Catolica San Antonio De Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Georgios E Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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Arai Y, Aoki K, Shimizu Y, Tabata Y, Ono T, Murali R, Mise-Omata S, Wakabayashi N. Peptide-induced de novo bone formation after tooth extraction prevents alveolar bone loss in a murine tooth extraction model. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 782:89-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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A threshold of mechanical strain intensity for the direct activation of osteoblast function exists in a murine maxilla loading model. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2015; 15:1091-100. [PMID: 26578077 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-015-0746-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The response to the mechanical loading of bone tissue has been extensively investigated; however, precisely how much strain intensity is necessary to promote bone formation remains unclear. Combination studies utilizing histomorphometric and numerical analyses were performed using the established murine maxilla loading model to clarify the threshold of mechanical strain needed to accelerate bone formation activity. For 7 days, 191 kPa loading stimulation for 30 min/day was applied to C57BL/6J mice. Two regions of interest, the AWAY region (away from the loading site) and the NEAR region (near the loading site), were determined. The inflammatory score increased in the NEAR region, but not in the AWAY region. A strain intensity map obtained from [Formula: see text] images was superimposed onto the images of the bone formation inhibitor, sclerostin-positive cell localization. The number of sclerostin-positive cells significantly decreased after mechanical loading of more than [Formula: see text] in the AWAY region, but not in the NEAR region. The mineral apposition rate, which shows the bone formation ability of osteoblasts, was accelerated at the site of surface strain intensity, namely around [Formula: see text], but not at the site of lower surface strain intensity, which was around [Formula: see text] in the AWAY region, thus suggesting the existence of a strain intensity threshold for promoting bone formation. Taken together, our data suggest that a threshold of mechanical strain intensity for the direct activation of osteoblast function and the reduction of sclerostin exists in a murine maxilla loading model in the non-inflammatory region.
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Murakami N, Wakabayashi N. Finite element contact analysis as a critical technique in dental biomechanics: A review. J Prosthodont Res 2014; 58:92-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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