1
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Li X, Zhou J, Wang X, Li C, Ma Z, Wan Q, Peng F. New advances in the research of clinical treatment and novel anticancer agents in tumor angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114806. [PMID: 37163782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1971, Folkman proposed that tumors could be limited to very small sizes by blocking angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the generation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, considered to be one of the important processes in tumor growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis is a complex process regulated by various factors and involves many secreted factors and signaling pathways. Angiogenesis is important in the transport of oxygen and nutrients to the tumor during tumor development. Therefore, inhibition of angiogenesis has become an important strategy in the clinical management of many solid tumors. Combination therapies of angiogenesis inhibitors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often used in clinical practice. In this article, we will review common targets against angiogenesis, the most common and up-to-date anti-angiogenic drugs and clinical treatments in recent years, including active ingredients from chemical and herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jianbo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunxi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zifan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiaoling Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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2
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Apeldoorn C, Safaei S, Paton J, Maso Talou GD. Computational models for generating microvascular structures: Investigations beyond medical imaging resolution. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1579. [PMID: 35880683 PMCID: PMC10077909 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and pruning are revascularization processes essential to our natural vascular development and adaptation, as well as central players in the onset and development of pathologies such as tumoral growth and stroke recovery. Computational modeling allows for repeatable experimentation and exploration of these complex biological processes. In this review, we provide an introduction to the biological understanding of the vascular adaptation processes of sprouting angiogenesis, intussusceptive angiogenesis, anastomosis, pruning, and arteriogenesis, discussing some of the more significant contributions made to the computational modeling of these processes. Each computational model represents a theoretical framework for how biology functions, and with rises in computing power and study of the problem these frameworks become more accurate and complete. We highlight physiological, pathological, and technological applications that can be benefit from the advances performed by these models, and we also identify which elements of the biology are underexplored in the current state-of-the-art computational models. This article is categorized under: Cancer > Computational Models Cardiovascular Diseases > Computational Models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Apeldoorn
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Soroush Safaei
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Julian Paton
- Cardiovascular Autonomic Research Cluster, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gonzalo D Maso Talou
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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3
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Hoehme S, Hammad S, Boettger J, Begher-Tibbe B, Bucur P, Vibert E, Gebhardt R, Hengstler JG, Drasdo D. Digital twin demonstrates significance of biomechanical growth control in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. iScience 2022; 26:105714. [PMID: 36691615 PMCID: PMC9860368 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial liver removal is an important therapy option for liver cancer. In most patients within a few weeks, the liver is able to fully regenerate. In some patients, however, regeneration fails with often severe consequences. To better understand the control mechanisms of liver regeneration, experiments in mice were performed, guiding the creation of a spatiotemporal 3D model of the regenerating liver. The model represents cells and blood vessels within an entire liver lobe, a macroscopic liver subunit. The model could reproduce the experimental data only if a biomechanical growth control (BGC)-mechanism, inhibiting cell cycle entrance at high compression, was taken into account and predicted that BGC may act as a short-range growth inhibitor minimizing the number of proliferating neighbor cells of a proliferating cell, generating a checkerboard-like proliferation pattern. Model-predicted cell proliferation patterns in pigs and mice were found experimentally. The results underpin the importance of biomechanical aspects in liver growth control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hoehme
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Research (SIKT), Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Seddik Hammad
- Section Molecular Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany,Department of Forensic Medicine and Veterinary Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Jan Boettger
- Faculty of Medicine, Rudolf-Schoenheimer-Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Brigitte Begher-Tibbe
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Petru Bucur
- Unité INSERM 1193, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, France,Service de Chirurgie Digestive, CHU Trousseau, Tours, France
| | - Eric Vibert
- Unité INSERM 1193, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Rolf Gebhardt
- Faculty of Medicine, Rudolf-Schoenheimer-Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dirk Drasdo
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics (IZBI), University of Leipzig, Haertelstraße 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany,Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University Dortmund, 44139 Dortmund, Germany,Inria Paris & Sorbonne Université LJLL, 75012 Paris, France,Correspondence:
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4
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van Zuijlen PPM, Korkmaz HI, Sheraton VM, Haanstra TM, Pijpe A, de Vries A, van der Vlies CH, Bosma E, de Jong E, Middelkoop E, Vermolen FJ, Sloot PMA. The future of burn care from a complexity science perspective. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1312-1321. [PMID: 35267022 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Healthcare is undergoing a profound technological and digital transformation and has become increasingly complex. It is important for burns professionals and researchers to adapt to these developments which may require new ways of thinking and subsequent new strategies. As Einstein has put it: 'We must learn to see the world anew'. The relatively new scientific discipline "Complexity science" can give more direction to this and is the metaphorical open door that should not go unnoticed in view of the burn care of the future. Complexity sciences studies 'why the whole is more than the sum of the parts'. It studies how multiple separate components interact with each other and their environment and how these interactions lead to 'behavior of the system'. Biological systems are always part of smaller and larger systems and exhibit the behavior of adaptivity, hence the name complex adaptive systems. From the perspective of complexity science, a severe burn injury is an extreme disruption of the 'human body system'. But this disruption also applies to the systems at the organ and cellular level. All these systems follow principles of complex systems. Awareness of the scaling process at multilevel helps to understand and manage the complex situation when dealing with severe burn cases. The aim of this paper is to create awareness of the concept of complexity and to demonstrate the value and possibilities of complexity science methods and tools for the future of burn care through examples from preclinical, clinical, and organizational perspective in burn care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul P M van Zuijlen
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Paediatric Surgical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Ibrahim Korkmaz
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Vivek M Sheraton
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anouk Pijpe
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Annebeth de Vries
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Paediatric Surgical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H van der Vlies
- Burn Centre, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Trauma Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eelke Bosma
- Burn Centre and Department of Surgery, Martini Ziekenhuis, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien de Jong
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Intensive Care Unit, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Burn Center, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Fred J Vermolen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Computational Mathematics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Peter M A Sloot
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
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5
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Korkmaz HI, Niessen FB, Pijpe A, Sheraton VM, Vermolen FJ, Krijnen PA, Niessen HW, Sloot PM, Middelkoop E, Gibbs S, van Zuijlen PP. Scar formation from the perspective of complexity science: a new look at the biological system as a whole. J Wound Care 2022; 31:178-184. [PMID: 35148632 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.2.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A burn wound is a complex systemic disease at multiple levels. Current knowledge of scar formation after burn injury has come from traditional biological and clinical studies. These are normally focused on just a small part of the entire process, which has limited our ability to sufficiently understand the underlying mechanisms and to predict systems behaviour. Scar formation after burn injury is a result of a complex biological system-wound healing. It is a part of a larger whole. In this self-organising system, many components form networks of interactions with each other. These networks of interactions are typically non-linear and change their states dynamically, responding to the environment and showing emergent long-term behaviour. How molecular and cellular data relate to clinical phenomena, especially regarding effective therapies of burn wounds to achieve minimal scarring, is difficult to unravel and comprehend. Complexity science can help bridge this gap by integrating small parts into a larger whole, such that relevant biological mechanisms and data are combined in a computational model to better understand the complexity of the entire biological system. A better understanding of the complex biological system of post-burn scar formation could bring research and treatment regimens to the next level. The aim of this review/position paper is to create more awareness of complexity in scar formation after burn injury by describing the basic principles of complexity science and its potential for burn care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ibrahim Korkmaz
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Burn Center and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Frank B Niessen
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Pijpe
- Burn Center and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Vivek M Sheraton
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fred J Vermolen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Computational Mathematics, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Paul Aj Krijnen
- Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Wm Niessen
- Department of Pathology and Cardiac Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ma Sloot
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Complexity Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Burn Center and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Association of Dutch Burn Centres (ADBC), Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Pm van Zuijlen
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Burn Center and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.,Paediatric Surgical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Guerra A, Belinha J, Mangir N, MacNeil S, Natal Jorge R. Simulation of the process of angiogenesis: Quantification and assessment of vascular patterning in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104647. [PMID: 34274599 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, begins during embryonic development and continues throughout life. Sprouting angiogenesis is a well-defined process, being mainly influenced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we propose a meshless-based model capable of mimicking the angiogenic response to several VEGF concentrations. In this model, endothelial cells migrate according to a diffusion-reaction equation, following the VEGF gradient concentration. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used to model the branching process and to validate the obtained numerical results. To analyse the angiogenic response, the total vessel number and the total vessel length presented in the CAM images and in the simulations for all the VEGF concentrations tested were quantified. In both the CAM assay and simulation, the treatments with VEGF increased the total vessel number and the total vessel length. The obtained quantitative results were very similar between the two methodologies used. The proposed model accurately simulates the capillary network pattern concerning its structure and morphology, for the lowest VEGF concentration tested. For the highest VEGF concentration, the capillary network predicted by the model was less accurate when compared to the one presented in the CAM assay but this may be explained by changes in blood vessel width at higher VEGF concentrations. This remains to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerra
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Jorge Belinha
- School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP), Mechanical Engineering Department, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Naside Mangir
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK; Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.
| | - Renato Natal Jorge
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA - INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Mechanical Engineering Department, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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7
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Gonay L, Spourquet C, Baudoin M, Lepers L, Lemoine P, Fletcher AG, Hanert E, Pierreux CE. Modelling of Epithelial Growth, Fission and Lumen Formation During Embryonic Thyroid Development: A Combination of Computational and Experimental Approaches. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:655862. [PMID: 34163435 PMCID: PMC8216395 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.655862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organogenesis is the phase of embryonic development leading to the formation of fully functional organs. In the case of the thyroid, organogenesis starts from the endoderm and generates a multitude of closely packed independent spherical follicular units surrounded by a dense network of capillaries. Follicular organisation is unique and essential for thyroid function, i.e. thyroid hormone production. Previous in vivo studies showed that, besides their nutritive function, endothelial cells play a central role during thyroid gland morphogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms and biological parameters controlling the transformation of the multi-layered thyroid epithelial primordium into a multitude of single-layered follicles are mostly unknown. Animal studies used to improve understanding of organogenesis are costly and time-consuming, with recognised limitations. Here, we developed and used a 2-D vertex model of thyroid growth, angiogenesis and folliculogenesis, within the open-source Chaste framework. Our in silico model, based on in vivo images, correctly simulates the differential growth and proliferation of central and peripheral epithelial cells, as well as the morphogen-driven migration of endothelial cells, consistently with our experimental data. Our simulations further showed that reduced epithelial cell adhesion was critical to allow endothelial invasion and fission of the multi-layered epithelial mass. Finally, our model also allowed epithelial cell polarisation and follicular lumen formation by endothelial cell abundance and proximity. Our study illustrates how constant discussion between theoretical and experimental approaches can help us to better understand the roles of cellular movement, adhesion and polarisation during thyroid embryonic development. We anticipate that the use of in silico models like the one we describe can push forward the fields of developmental biology and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leolo Gonay
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Woluwé-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | | | - Matthieu Baudoin
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Woluwé-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Lepers
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Woluwé-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
| | | | - Alexander G. Fletcher
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Hanert
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Christophe E. Pierreux
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Woluwé-Saint-Lambert, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Christophe E. Pierreux,
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8
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Guerra A, Belinha J, Natal Jorge R. A preliminary study of endothelial cell migration during angiogenesis using a meshless method approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020; 36:e3393. [PMID: 32783379 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the development of new blood capillaries, is crucial for the wound healing process. This biological process allows the proper blood supply to the tissue, essential for cell proliferation and viability. Several biological factors modulate angiogenesis, however the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the main one. Given the complexity of angiogenesis, in the last years, computational modelling aroused the interest of scientists since it allows to model this process with different, more economic and faster methodologies, comparatively to experimental approaches. In this work, a mathematical model motivated by the analysis of the effect of VEGF diffusion gradient in endothelial cell migration is presented. This is the process that allows capillary formation and it is essential for angiogenesis. The proposed mathematical model is combined with the Radial Point Interpolation Method, being the area discretized considering an unorganized nodal cloud and a background mesh of integration points, without predefined relations. The nodal connectivity was achieved using the "influence-domain" approach. The interpolation functions were constructed using the Radial Point Interpolators techniques. This method combines a radial basis functions with a polynomial functions to obtain the approximation. This preliminary work does not account for the whole complexity of cell and tissue biology, and numerical results are presented for an idealised two-dimensional setting. Nevertheless, the developed RPIM software is a valid numerical tool that can be adjusted to biological problems and may also be able to complement the biological and medical subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerra
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Belinha
- School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP), Mechanical Engineering Department, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Natal Jorge
- LAETA, INEGI, Porto, Portugal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Porto (FEUP), Porto, Portugal
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9
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Guerra A, Belinha J, Mangir N, MacNeil S, Natal Jorge R. Sprouting Angiogenesis: A Numerical Approach with Experimental Validation. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:871-884. [PMID: 32974754 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02622-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A functional vascular network is essential to the correct wound healing. In sprouting angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels. This is a very complex process and mathematical formulation permits to study angiogenesis using less time-consuming, reproducible and cheaper methodologies. This study aimed to mimic the chemoattractant effect of VEGF in stimulating sprouting angiogenesis. We developed a numerical model in which endothelial cells migrate according to a diffusion-reaction equation for VEGF. A chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) bioassay was used to obtain some important parameters to implement in the model and also to validate the numerical results. We verified that endothelial cells migrate following the highest VEGF concentration. We compared the parameters-total branching number, total vessel length and branching angle-that were obtained in the in silico and the in vivo methodologies and similar results were achieved (p-value smaller than 0.5; n = 6). For the difference between the total capillary volume fractions assessed using both methodologies values smaller than 15% were obtained. In this study we simulated, for the first time, the capillary network obtained during the CAM assay with a realistic morphology and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerra
- Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Belinha
- Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal
| | - Naside Mangir
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.,Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Rd, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - Sheila MacNeil
- Kroto Research Institute, Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, North Campus, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK
| | - Renato Natal Jorge
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA - INEGI), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 400, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal. .,Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Flegg JA, Menon SN, Byrne HM, McElwain DLS. A Current Perspective on Wound Healing and Tumour-Induced Angiogenesis. Bull Math Biol 2020; 82:23. [DOI: 10.1007/s11538-020-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Computational modeling of therapy on pancreatic cancer in its early stages. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 19:427-444. [PMID: 31501963 PMCID: PMC7105451 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
More than eighty percent of pancreatic cancer involves ductal adenocarcinoma with an abundant desmoplastic extracellular matrix surrounding the solid tumor entity. This aberrant tumor microenvironment facilitates a strong resistance of pancreatic cancer to medication. Although various therapeutic strategies have been reported to be effective in mice with pancreatic cancer, they still need to be tested quantitatively in wider animal-based experiments before being applied as therapies. To aid the design of experiments, we develop a cell-based mathematical model to describe cancer progression under therapy with a specific application to pancreatic cancer. The displacement of cells is simulated by solving a large system of stochastic differential equations with the Euler-Maruyama method. We consider treatment with the PEGylated drug PEGPH20 that breaks down hyaluronan in desmoplastic stroma followed by administration of the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. Modeling the effects of PEGPH20 + gemcitabine concentrations is based on Green's fundamental solutions of the reaction-diffusion equation. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to quantitatively investigate uncertainties in the input parameters as well as predictions for the likelihood of success of cancer therapy. Our simplified model is able to simulate cancer progression and evaluate treatments to inhibit the progression of cancer.
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Yin GN, Ock J, Choi MJ, Song KM, Ghatak K, Minh NN, Kwon MH, Seong DH, Jin HR, Ryu JK, Suh JK. A Simple and Nonenzymatic Method to Isolate Human Corpus Cavernosum Endothelial Cells and Pericytes for the Study of Erectile Dysfunction. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:123-131. [PMID: 30929324 PMCID: PMC6920073 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.180091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To establish a simple and nonenzymatic technique to isolate endothelial cells (ECs) and pericytes from human corpus cavernosum tissue and to evaluate the angiogenic ability of the human cavernous EC or pericytes for the study of high glucose-induced angiopathy. Materials and Methods For primary human cavernous EC culture, cavernous tissues were implanted into Matrigel in dishes. For primary human cavernous pericyte culture, cavernous tissues were settled by gravity into dishes. We performed immunocytochemistry and Western blot to determine phenotype and morphologic changes from passage 1 to 5. The primary cultured cells were exposed to a normal-glucose (5 mmol/L) or a high-glucose (30 mmol/L) condition, and then tube formation assay was done. Results We successfully isolated high-purity EC and pericytes from human corpus cavernosum tissue. Primary cultured EC showed highly positive staining for von Willebrand factor, and pericyte revealed positive staining for NG2 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β. Primary cultured EC and pericytes maintained their cellular characteristics up to passage 2 or 3. However, we observed significant changes in their typical phenotype from the passage 4 and morphological characteristics from the passage 3. Human cavernous EC or pericytes formed well-organized capillary-like structures in normal-glucose condition, whereas severely impaired tube formation was detected in high-glucose condition. Conclusions This study provides a simple and nonenzymatic method for primary culture of human cavernous EC and pericytes. Our study will aid us to understand the pathophysiology of diabetic erectile dysfunction, and also be a valuable tool for determining the efficacy of candidate therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Nan Yin
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ock
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Min Ji Choi
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kang Moon Song
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kalyan Ghatak
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Nguyen Nhat Minh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kwon
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Do Hwan Seong
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hai Rong Jin
- Department of Urology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ji Kan Ryu
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
| | - Jun Kyu Suh
- National Research Center for Sexual Medicine and Department of Urology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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Guerra A, Belinha J, Jorge RN. Modelling skin wound healing angiogenesis: A review. J Theor Biol 2018; 459:1-17. [PMID: 30240579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of wounds is a main health concern in Western society due to their high frequency and treatment cost. During wound healing, the formation of a functional blood vessel network through angiogenesis is an essential process. Angiogenesis allows the reestablishment of the normal blood flow, the sufficient exchange of oxygen and nutrients and the removal of metabolic waste, necessary for cell proliferation and viability. Mathematical and computational models provide new tools to improve the healing process. In fact, over the last thirty years, in silico models have been continuously formulated to describe the effect of several biological and mechanical factors in angiogenesis during wound healing. Additionally, with different levels of complexity, these models allow coupling the human skin structure, to distinct cell types and growth factors, to study extracellular matrix composition and to understand its deformation. This paper discusses how in silico models, which are more economical and less time-consuming comparatively to laboratory methodologies, can help test new strategies to promote/optimize angiogenesis. The continuum, cell-based and hybrid mathematical models of wound healing angiogenesis are reviewed in the present paper, in order to identify possible improvements. Accordingly, the development of higher dimension models incorporating multiscale analysis at molecular, cellular and tissue level remains a challenge that future models should consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Guerra
- INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
| | - Jorge Belinha
- ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto 4200-072, Portugal.
| | - Renato Natal Jorge
- INEGI, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto 4200-465, Portugal.
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Boas SEM, Carvalho J, van den Broek M, Weijers EM, Goumans MJ, Koolwijk P, Merks RMH. A local uPAR-plasmin-TGFβ1 positive feedback loop in a qualitative computational model of angiogenic sprouting explains the in vitro effect of fibrinogen variants. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006239. [PMID: 29979675 PMCID: PMC6072121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In experimental assays of angiogenesis in three-dimensional fibrin matrices, a temporary scaffold formed during wound healing, the type and composition of fibrin impacts the level of sprouting. More sprouts form on high molecular weight (HMW) than on low molecular weight (LMW) fibrin. It is unclear what mechanisms regulate the number and the positions of the vascular-like structures in cell cultures. To address this question, we propose a mechanistic simulation model of endothelial cell migration and fibrin proteolysis by the plasmin system. The model is a hybrid, cell-based and continuum, computational model based on the cellular Potts model and sets of partial-differential equations. Based on the model results, we propose that a positive feedback mechanism between uPAR, plasmin and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) selects cells in the monolayer for matrix invasion. Invading cells releases TGFβ1 from the extracellular matrix through plasmin-mediated fibrin degradation. The activated TGFβ1 further stimulates fibrin degradation and keeps proteolysis active as the sprout invades the fibrin matrix. The binding capacity for TGFβ1 of LMW is reduced relative to that of HMW. This leads to reduced activation of proteolysis and, consequently, reduced cell ingrowth in LMW fibrin compared to HMW fibrin. Thus our model predicts that endothelial cells in LMW fibrin matrices compared to HMW matrices show reduced sprouting due to a lower bio-availability of TGFβ1. Therapies for a range of medical conditions, including cancer, wound healing and diabetic retinopathy can benefit from a better control over the growth of blood vessels. The chemical properties of fibrin, the material that forms scabs in wounds and can also occur in large concentrations in tumors, can regulate the degree of blood vessel growth (angiogenesis). Angiogenesis can be mimicked in cell cultures. These allow us to modulate the chemical properties of fibrin and study the effect on angiogenesis. Fibrin occurs in high molecular weight (HMW) and in low molecular weight (LMW) forms. Interestingly, there is more ingrowth of angiogenic-like structures into HMW than in LMW fibrin, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. To get more insight into these, we constructed a computational model. Using the model, we propose and analyse a hypothetical mechanism for sprouting that could explain the differences in endothelial cell sprouting in LMW and HMW fibrin matrices. Our model suggests that cells digest fibrin, thus creating space for ingrowth. At the same time, digestion frees growth factors bound to fibrin, that activates further secretion of digestive enzymes by the cells. We propose that the resulting positive feedback loop spontaneously selects cells in the endothelial monolayer for ingrowth and helps the blood vessel sprout move deeper into the fibrin. This could be a complementary mechanism to lateral-inhibition by Delta-Notch for the selection of leader cells, also called ‘tip cells’. Our model predicts that endothelial cells in LMW fibrin compared to HMW fibrin show reduced sprouting due to a lower bio-availability of TGFβ1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja E. M. Boas
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joao Carvalho
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marloes van den Broek
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University medical Center, Dept. of Physiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ester M. Weijers
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University medical Center, Dept. of Physiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, VU University medical Center, Dept. of Physiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland M. H. Merks
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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15
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Paim Á, Cardozo NSM, Tessaro IC, Pranke P. Relevant biological processes for tissue development with stem cells and their mechanistic modeling: A review. Math Biosci 2018; 301:147-158. [PMID: 29746816 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A potential alternative for tissue transplants is tissue engineering, in which the interaction of cells and biomaterials can be optimized. Tissue development in vitro depends on the complex interaction of several biological processes such as extracellular matrix synthesis, vascularization and cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, death, and differentiation. The complexity of an individual phenomenon or of the combination of these processes can be studied with phenomenological modeling techniques. This work reviews the main biological phenomena in tissue development and their mathematical modeling, focusing on mesenchymal stem cell growth in three-dimensional scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágata Paim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Nilo S M Cardozo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Isabel C Tessaro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Eng. Luis Englert, s/n Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90040-040, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90610-000, Brazil; Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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16
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A hybrid computational model for collective cell durotaxis. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 17:1037-1052. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Weinstein N, Mendoza L, Gitler I, Klapp J. A Network Model to Explore the Effect of the Micro-environment on Endothelial Cell Behavior during Angiogenesis. Front Physiol 2017; 8:960. [PMID: 29230182 PMCID: PMC5711888 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important adaptation mechanism of the blood vessels to the changing requirements of the body during development, aging, and wound healing. Angiogenesis allows existing blood vessels to form new connections or to reabsorb existing ones. Blood vessels are composed of a layer of endothelial cells (ECs) covered by one or more layers of mural cells (smooth muscle cells or pericytes). We constructed a computational Boolean model of the molecular regulatory network involved in the control of angiogenesis. Our model includes the ANG/TIE, HIF, AMPK/mTOR, VEGF, IGF, FGF, PLCγ/Calcium, PI3K/AKT, NO, NOTCH, and WNT signaling pathways, as well as the mechanosensory components of the cytoskeleton. The dynamical behavior of our model recovers the patterns of molecular activation observed in Phalanx, Tip, and Stalk ECs. Furthermore, our model is able to describe the modulation of EC behavior due to extracellular micro-environments, as well as the effect due to loss- and gain-of-function mutations. These properties make our model a suitable platform for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying some pathologies. For example, it is possible to follow the changes in the activation patterns caused by mutations that promote Tip EC behavior and inhibit Phalanx EC behavior, that lead to the conditions associated with retinal vascular disorders and tumor vascularization. Moreover, the model describes how mutations that promote Phalanx EC behavior are associated with the development of arteriovenous and venous malformations. These results suggest that the network model that we propose has the potential to be used in the study of how the modulation of the EC extracellular micro-environment may improve the outcome of vascular disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Weinstein
- ABACUS-Laboratorio de Matemáticas Aplicadas y Cómputo de Alto Rendimiento, Departamento de Matemáticas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Mendoza
- CompBioLab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isidoro Gitler
- ABACUS-Laboratorio de Matemáticas Aplicadas y Cómputo de Alto Rendimiento, Departamento de Matemáticas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Klapp
- ABACUS-Laboratorio de Matemáticas Aplicadas y Cómputo de Alto Rendimiento, Departamento de Matemáticas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Mexico City, Mexico
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18
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Chen J, Weihs D, Vermolen FJ. A model for cell migration in non-isotropic fibrin networks with an application to pancreatic tumor islets. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017; 17:367-386. [PMID: 28993948 PMCID: PMC5845079 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration, known as an orchestrated movement of cells, is crucially important for wound healing, tumor growth, immune response as well as other biomedical processes. This paper presents a cell-based model to describe cell migration in non-isotropic fibrin networks around pancreatic tumor islets. This migration is determined by the mechanical strain energy density as well as cytokines-driven chemotaxis. Cell displacement is modeled by solving a large system of ordinary stochastic differential equations where the stochastic parts result from random walk. The stochastic differential equations are solved by the use of the classical Euler–Maruyama method. In this paper, the influence of anisotropic stromal extracellular matrix in pancreatic tumor islets on T-lymphocytes migration in different immune systems is investigated. As a result, tumor peripheral stromal extracellular matrix impedes the immune response of T-lymphocytes through changing direction of their migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Daphne Weihs
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fred J Vermolen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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Weihs D, Gefen A, Vermolen FJ. Review on experiment-based two- and three-dimensional models for wound healing. Interface Focus 2016; 6:20160038. [PMID: 27708762 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2016.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic and chronic wounds are a considerable medical challenge that affects many populations and their treatment is a monetary and time-consuming burden in an ageing society to the medical systems. Because wounds are very common and their treatment is so costly, approaches to reveal the responses of a specific wound type to different medical procedures and treatments could accelerate healing and reduce patient suffering. The effects of treatments can be forecast using mathematical modelling that has the predictive power to quantify the effects of induced changes to the wound-healing process. Wound healing involves a diverse and complex combination of biophysical and biomechanical processes. We review a wide variety of contemporary approaches of mathematical modelling of gap closure and wound-healing-related processes, such as angiogenesis. We provide examples of the understanding and insights that may be garnered using those models, and how those relate to experimental evidence. Mathematical modelling-based simulations can provide an important visualization tool that can be used for illustrational purposes for physicians, patients and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Weihs
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering , Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 3200003 , Israel
| | - Amit Gefen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
| | - Fred J Vermolen
- Department of Applied Mathematics , Delft University of Technology , Delft , The Netherlands
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