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Jafariandehkordi A, Daneshmehr A. Studying the mechanical properties of the mandible and injury prediction under the effect of ossification factors. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 148:106209. [PMID: 37918338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE It is essential to know the quantitative interactions between biological tissues and external mechanical and chemical stimuli. This assists the physicians to better know the quantitative behavior of the tissue and plan more effective therapy. In the literature, the effect of the chemical and mechanical loading was investigated on the bone biological cell activities and some mechanical features, but a lack of prediction of bone injury under the chemical and mechanical factors was sensed. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effects of the application of major chemical factors involved in ossification, including RANKL1 (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta Ligand), PTH2 (Parathyroid Hormone), and OPG3 (Osteoprotegerin) on the mandibular bone biological osteoblast and osteoclast activities and mechanical properties. Moreover, the study assesses the bone injury possibility under uniform mastication pressure applied on the premolar tooth in terms of the mechanostat theory undergoing the effects of the chemical factors. METHODS A 3D geometry of the mandible-tooth assembly was generated from the CT image dataset. The geometry was next purified, solidified, and exported to FEM4 (Finite Element Method) software to be meshed, where boundary conditions and loading were applied. Moreover, the mathematical system of differential equations to model the chemical factor effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activities as well as bone matrix volume fraction and elastic stiffness relations were applied. Next, the values of the equivalent strain were calculated to predict the injury states of the bone. RESULTS The results complied with the literature data. The results showed that RANKL and PTH increased the values of the equivalent strain from 450 με to 11500 με, while OPG reduced that from 450 με to 300 με. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, RANKL and PTH doses of this study put the bone at risk of injury compared to the baseline of no dose applied, while OPG secured the bone from injury.
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Liu H, Chen H, Han Q, Sun B, Liu Y, Zhang A, Fan D, Xia P, Wang J. Recent advancement in vascularized tissue-engineered bone based on materials design and modification. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100858. [PMID: 38024843 PMCID: PMC10679779 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most vascular network-rich tissues in the body and the vascular system is essential for the development, homeostasis, and regeneration of bone. When segmental irreversible damage occurs to the bone, restoring its vascular system by means other than autogenous bone grafts with vascular pedicles is a therapeutic challenge. By pre-generating the vascular network of the scaffold in vivo or in vitro, the pre-vascularization technique enables an abundant blood supply in the scaffold after implantation. However, pre-vascularization techniques are time-consuming, and in vivo pre-vascularization techniques can be damaging to the body. Critical bone deficiencies may be filled quickly with immediate implantation of a supporting bone tissue engineered scaffold. However, bone tissue engineered scaffolds generally lack vascularization, which requires modification of the scaffold to aid in enhancing internal vascularization. In this review, we summarize the relationship between the vascular system and osteogenesis and use it as a basis to further discuss surgical and cytotechnology-based pre-vascularization strategies and to describe the preparation of vascularized bone tissue engineered scaffolds that can be implanted immediately. We anticipate that this study will serve as inspiration for future vascularized bone tissue engineered scaffold construction and will aid in the achievement of clinical vascularized bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Qin Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Aobo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Danyang Fan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
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Wang J, Zhao B, Che J, Shang P. Hypoxia Pathway in Osteoporosis: Laboratory Data for Clinical Prospects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3129. [PMID: 36833823 PMCID: PMC9963321 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The hypoxia pathway not only regulates the organism to adapt to the special environment, such as short-term hypoxia in the plateau under normal physiological conditions, but also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis. Bone, as a special organ of the body, is in a relatively low oxygen environment, in which the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-related molecules maintains the necessary conditions for bone development. Osteoporosis disease with iron overload endangers individuals, families and society, and bone homeostasis disorder is linked to some extent with hypoxia pathway abnormality, so it is urgent to clarify the hypoxia pathway in osteoporosis to guide clinical medication efficiently. Based on this background, using the keywords "hypoxia/HIF, osteoporosis, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, iron/iron metabolism", a matching search was carried out through the Pubmed and Web Of Science databases, then the papers related to this review were screened, summarized and sorted. This review summarizes the relationship and regulation between the hypoxia pathway and osteoporosis (also including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes) by arranging the references on the latest research progress, introduces briefly the application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in osteoporosis symptoms (mechanical stimulation induces skeletal response to hypoxic signal activation), hypoxic-related drugs used in iron accumulation/osteoporosis model study, and also puts forward the prospects of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jingmin Che
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Peng Shang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Research & Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Perier-Metz C, Cipitria A, Hutmacher DW, Duda GN, Checa S. An in silico model predicts the impact of scaffold design in large bone defect regeneration. Acta Biomater 2022; 145:329-341. [PMID: 35417799 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Large bone defects represent a clinical challenge for which the implantation of scaffolds appears as a promising strategy. However, their use in clinical routine is limited, in part due to a lack of understanding of how scaffolds should be designed to support regeneration. Here, we use the power of computer modeling to investigate mechano-biological principles behind scaffold-guided bone regeneration and the influence of scaffold design on the regeneration process. Computer model predictions are compared to experimental data of large bone defect regeneration in sheep. We identified two main key players in scaffold-guided regeneration: (1) the scaffold surface guidance of cellular migration and tissue formation processes and (2) the stimulation of progenitor cell activity by the scaffold material composition. In addition, lower scaffold surface-area-to-volume ratio was found to be beneficial for bone regeneration due to enhanced cellular migration. To a lesser extent, a reduced scaffold Young's modulus favored bone formation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: 3D-printed scaffolds offer promising treatment strategies for large bone defects but their broader clinical use requires a more thorough understanding of their interaction with the bone regeneration process. The predictions of our in silico model compared to two experimental set-ups highlighted the importance of (1) the scaffold surface guidance of cellular migration and tissue formation processes and (2) the scaffold material stimulation of progenitor cell activity. In addition, the model was used to investigate the effect on the bone regeneration process of (1) the scaffold surface-area-to-volume ratio, with lower ratios favoring more bone growth, and (2) the scaffold material properties, with stiffer scaffold materials yielding a lower bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Perier-Metz
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany; MINES ParisTech - PSL Research University, 60 Boulevard Saint-Michel, Paris 75272, France; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Pº Dr. Beguiristain s/n, San Sebastian 20014, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Center in Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 60 Musk Avenue, Brisbane, Kelvin Grove QLD 4059, Australia; Science and Engineering Faculty (SEF), School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering (MMPE), QUT, Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia; ARC Training Center for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modeling, and Manufacturing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia; Center for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Georg N Duda
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany; BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Sara Checa
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin 13353, Germany.
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Eleftheriadou D, Berg M, Phillips JB, Shipley RJ. A combined experimental and computational framework to evaluate the behavior of therapeutic cells for peripheral nerve regeneration. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:1980-1996. [PMID: 35445744 PMCID: PMC9323509 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have explored the potential of tissue‐mimetic scaffolds in encouraging nerve regeneration. One of the major determinants of the regenerative success of cellular nerve repair constructs (NRCs) is the local microenvironment, particularly native low oxygen conditions which can affect implanted cell survival and functional performance. In vivo, cells reside in a range of environmental conditions due to the spatial gradients of nutrient concentrations that are established. Here we evaluate in vitro the differences in cellular behavior that such conditions induce, including key biological features such as oxygen metabolism, glucose consumption, cell death, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion. Experimental measurements are used to devise and parameterize a mathematical model that describes the behavior of the cells. The proposed model effectively describes the interactions between cells and their microenvironment and could in the future be extended, allowing researchers to compare the behavior of different therapeutic cells. Such a combinatorial approach could be used to accelerate the clinical translation of NRCs by identifying which critical design features should be optimized when fabricating engineered nerve repair conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eleftheriadou
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6B.,Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE
| | - M Berg
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6B.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE
| | - J B Phillips
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6B.,Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX
| | - R J Shipley
- Centre for Nerve Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 6B.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE
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García-Aznar JM, Nasello G, Hervas-Raluy S, Pérez MÁ, Gómez-Benito MJ. Multiscale modeling of bone tissue mechanobiology. Bone 2021; 151:116032. [PMID: 34118446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical environment has a crucial role in our organism at the different levels, ranging from cells to tissues and our own organs. This regulatory role is especially relevant for bones, given their importance as load-transmitting elements that allow the movement of our body as well as the protection of vital organs from load impacts. Therefore bone, as living tissue, is continuously adapting its properties, shape and repairing itself, being the mechanical loads one of the main regulatory stimuli that modulate this adaptive behavior. Here we review some key results of bone mechanobiology from computational models, describing the effect that changes associated to the mechanical environment induce in bone response, implant design and scaffold-driven bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel García-Aznar
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Gabriele Nasello
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia Hervas-Raluy
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Pérez
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María José Gómez-Benito
- Multiscale in Mechanical and Biological Engineering, Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón (I3A), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Wu C, Entezari A, Zheng K, Fang J, Zreiqat H, Steven GP, Swain MV, Li Q. A machine learning-based multiscale model to predict bone formation in scaffolds. NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 1:532-541. [PMID: 38217252 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-021-00115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Computational modeling methods combined with non-invasive imaging technologies have exhibited great potential and unique opportunities to model new bone formation in scaffold tissue engineering, offering an effective alternate and viable complement to laborious and time-consuming in vivo studies. However, existing numerical approaches are still highly demanding computationally in such multiscale problems. To tackle this challenge, we propose a machine learning (ML)-based approach to predict bone ingrowth outcomes in bulk tissue scaffolds. The proposed in silico procedure is developed by correlating with a dedicated longitudinal (12-month) animal study on scaffold treatment of a major segmental defect in sheep tibia. Comparison of the ML-based time-dependent prediction of bone ingrowth with the conventional multilevel finite element (FE2) model demonstrates satisfactory accuracy and efficiency. The ML-based modeling approach provides an effective means for predicting in vivo bone tissue regeneration in a subject-specific scaffolding system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wu
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ali Entezari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keke Zheng
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jianguang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hala Zreiqat
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Grant P Steven
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael V Swain
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qing Li
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Eskandari F, Shafieian M, Aghdam MM, Laksari K. Structural Anisotropy vs. Mechanical Anisotropy: The Contribution of Axonal Fibers to the Material Properties of Brain White Matter. Ann Biomed Eng 2020; 49:991-999. [PMID: 33025318 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02643-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain's micro-structure plays a critical role in its macro-structure material properties. Since the structural anisotropy in the brain white matter has been introduced due to axonal fibers, considering the direction of axons in the continuum models has been mediated to improve the results of computational simulations. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of fiber direction in the material properties of brain white matter and compare the mechanical behavior of the anisotropic white matter and the isotropic gray matter. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was employed to detect the direction of axons in white matter samples, and tensile stress-relaxation loads up to 20% strains were applied on bovine gray and white matter samples. In order to calculate the nonlinear and time-dependent properties of white matter and gray matter, a visco-hyperelastic model was used. The results indicated that the mechanical behavior of white matter in two orthogonal directions, parallel and perpendicular to axonal fibers, are significantly different. This difference indicates that brain white matter could be assumed as an anisotropic material and axons have contribution in the mechanical properties. Also, up to 15% strain, white matter samples with axons parallel to the force direction are significantly stiffer than both the gray matter samples and white matter samples with axons perpendicular to the force direction. Moreover, the elastic moduli of white matter samples with axons both parallel and perpendicular to the loading direction and gray matter samples at 15-20% strain are not significantly different. According to these observations, it is suggested that axons have negligible roles in the material properties of white matter when it is loaded in the direction perpendicular to the axon direction. Finally, this observation showed that the anisotropy of brain tissue not only has effects on the elastic behavior, but also has effects on the viscoelastic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Eskandari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shafieian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad M Aghdam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Laksari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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