1
|
Yoneoka K, Fujiwara T, Kataoka T, Hori K, Ebihara A, Murakami N. Morphological and functional evolution of gametophytes in epilithic Hymenasplenium murakami-hatanakae (Aspleniaceae): The fifth family capable of producing the independent gametophytes. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:815-828. [PMID: 38918283 PMCID: PMC11393290 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The fern independent gametophytes that can maintain populations by vegetative reproduction without conspecific sporophytes have been considered an unusual phenomenon found in some epiphytic or epilithic species of Hymenophyllaceae, Pteridaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, and Polypodiaceae. By chance, the discovery of mysterious strap-like gametophytes on Izu-Oshima Island, Japan, has led to the hypothesis that Hymenasplenium murakami-hatanakae, a fern species belonging to Aspleniaceae, can also form independent gametophytes. Our investigation revealed gametophyte populations of H. murakami-hatanakae on three islands in the Izu Islands. Based on chloroplast DNA analysis of the gametophyte and sporophyte populations, the gametophytes were found to be maintained by vegetative reproduction without a new supply of spores from sporophytes. A comparison of the surrounding vegetation at the collection sites showed that environmental factors such as light and humidity may influence the maintenance of gametophyte populations. These results clearly show that H. murakami-hatanakae is one of the ferns capable of forming independent gametophytes. This is the first report of independent gametophytes from the suborder Aspleniineae (eupolypod II). The discovery of the independent gametophyte within a phylogenetic lineage previously thought not to form independent gametophytes will provide important insights into the morphological and functional evolution of gametophytes in ferns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Yoneoka
- Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.
| | - Tao Fujiwara
- The Mt. Fuji Institute for Nature and Biology, Showa University, 4562 Kamiyoshida, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi, 403-0005, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kataoka
- Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hori
- Makino Botanical Garden, 4200-6 Godaisan, Kouchi-City, Kouchi, 780-0870, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ebihara
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | - Noriaki Murakami
- Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu Y, Ke Y, Chan Y, Wang G, Kuo L. Integrating tissue-direct PCR into genetic identification: An upgraded molecular ecology approach to survey fern gametophytes in the field. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2022; 10:e11462. [PMID: 35495191 PMCID: PMC9039786 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The gametophytes of different fern species collected in the field can be difficult to distinguish because of their morphological similarities. Nonetheless, emerging molecular ecology techniques are starting to be used to tackle such limitations. Here, using case studies and a detailed protocol, we demonstrate a convenient methodology, tissue-direct PCR (TD-PCR), that foregoes a traditional DNA extraction and facilitates the identification of fern gametophytes, as well as enabling the elucidation of their natural distribution. METHODS Based on updated plastome information, we designed a universal primer set targeting the trnL-L-F region, which is effective across extant ferns. We used this primer set to perform TD-PCR on the case-studied populations of Taiwanese Lomariopsis gametophytes, using the generated sequences for their identification. In the case study concerning the microhabitat preference of Vaginularia junghuhnii, we designed and used a taxon-specific primer set. RESULTS Compared with approaches requiring DNA extraction, the use of TD-PCR with either universal or taxon-specific primers could save significant time, money, labor, and research materials in the genetic identification of fern gametophytes. DISCUSSION The use of modern genetic tools can aid in the identification of fern gametophytes. An updated TD-PCR strategy not only facilitates the DNA-based identification of gametophytes, but also promotes new avenues of research for investigating these plants in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Hsuan Wu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu CityTaiwan
| | - Ya‐Ting Ke
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu CityTaiwan
| | - Yuan‐Yao Chan
- College of Biological Science and TechnologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu CityTaiwan
| | - Goang‐Jiun Wang
- Department of Life Science, College of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei CityTaiwan
- Present address:
Goang‐Jiun Wang, Fab12 Phase7 (RD fab)Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing CompanyHsinchu CountyTaiwan
| | - Li‐Yaung Kuo
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular BiologyNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu CityTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nitta JH, Chambers SM. Identifying cryptic fern gametophytes using DNA barcoding: A review. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2022; 10:e11465. [PMID: 35495195 PMCID: PMC9039790 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Ferns and lycophytes are unique among land plants in having sporophyte (diploid) and gametophyte (haploid) generations that can grow independently of each other. While most studies of fern ecology focus on the more visible sporophytic stage, the gametophyte is critically important, as it is the sexual phase of the life cycle. Yet, fern gametophytes have long been neglected in field studies due to their small size and cryptic morphology. DNA barcoding is a powerful method that can be used to identify field-collected gametophytes to species and allow for detailed study of their ecology. Here, we review the state of DNA barcoding as applied to fern gametophytes. First, we trace the history of DNA barcoding and how it has come to be applied to fern gametophytes. Next, we summarize case studies that show how DNA barcoding has been used to better understand fern species distributions, gametophyte ecology, and community ecology. Finally, we propose avenues for future research using this powerful tool, including next-generation DNA sequencing for in-field identification of cryptic gametophytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel H. Nitta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo2‐11‐16 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0032Japan
| | - Sally M. Chambers
- Marie Selby Botanical GardensBotany DepartmentSarasotaFlorida34236USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei ZY, Xia ZQ, Zhang XC, Cao JG, Yan YH. Finding missing diversity from synonyms of Haplopteris (Pteridaceae). PHYTOKEYS 2021; 178:81-94. [PMID: 36761040 PMCID: PMC9849020 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.178.67622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although taxonomists target the remote wild regions to discover new species, taxa lacking a comprehensive and modern systematic treatment may be the new hotspot for biodiversity discovery. The development of molecular systematics integrated with microscopic observation techniques has greatly improved the ability of taxonomists to identify species correctly. Vittariacentrochinensis Ching ex J.F. Cheng, regarded as a synonym of Haplopterisfudzinoi (Makino) E.H.Crane, remained hidden from the eyes of fern taxonomists for more than 20 years. Herein, we collected several population samples of V.centrochinensis by performing molecular phylogenetic analysis of five cpDNA regions (rbcL, atpA, matK, ndhF, and trnL-trnF) and through micromophological observation of specimens which differs from H.fudzinoi by lamina width and exospores. Considering the differences in morphology, geographical range, and genetic distance between these two species, we formally recognized V.centrochinensis as an authentic species and proposed a new combination Haplopteriscentrochinensis (Ching ex J.F.Cheng) Y.H.Yan, Z.Y.Wei & X.C.Zhang, comb. nov. Our findings demonstrate that several taxa in synonyms are missing, and nowadays taxonomy should also include re-evaluation of the past taxonomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Ying Wei
- Shenzhen key laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation center of China and the Orchid Conservation & research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, ChinaShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201602, ChinaNational Orchid Conservation center of China and the Orchid Conservation & research Center of ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Zeng-Qiang Xia
- Shenzhen key laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation center of China and the Orchid Conservation & research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, ChinaShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, ChinaShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xian-Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaInstitute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jian-Guo Cao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201602, ChinaNational Orchid Conservation center of China and the Orchid Conservation & research Center of ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Yue-Hong Yan
- Shenzhen key laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, National Orchid Conservation center of China and the Orchid Conservation & research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, ChinaShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park SH, Kim JS, Kim HT. A Small Number of Gametophytes with Gametangia and Stunted Sporophytes of Antrophyum obovatum Baker (Pteridaceae): The Suppression of Functional Sporophyte Production by Prezygotic and Postzygotic Sterility. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:170. [PMID: 33477439 PMCID: PMC7830994 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ferns have conspicuous sporophytes as the dominant phase in their life cycle; however, the gametophytes are completely separated from the sporophytes and supply their own nutrition, unlike in bryophytes and seed plants. Among the gametophytes, some maintain their populations in the gametophyte phase without progressing to sporophyte production and are known as independent gametophytes. Independent gametophytes of Antrophyum obovatum Baker were recently reported in one population on Jeju Island, Korea. In the present study, we surveyed more places to find new independent gametophyte populations of A. obovatum using the rbcL gene sequence-based DNA barcoding technique. We identified two new sites inhabited by independent gametophytes. Archegonia and juvenile sporophytes were independently observed in each location under slightly different environmental conditions. Consequently, in the case of this species, functional sporophyte production is likely suppressed by prezygotic and postzygotic sterility, depending on microenvironmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Park
- Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Chungbuk 28644, Korea;
| | - Jung Sung Kim
- Department of Forest Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Chungbuk 28644, Korea;
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park SH, Kim JS, Kim HT. Study of the independent gametophytes found on Jeju Island in South Korea and the first record of the obligate independent gametophyte of Antrophyum obovatum Baker. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7826-7838. [PMID: 32760567 PMCID: PMC7391314 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fern gametophytes have often been neglected in research; however, studies on gametophytes are crucial for a better understanding of the evolution of ferns. During their life cycle, some gametophytes produce large and long-lived populations without producing sporophytes and reproduce independently through asexual means, such as through the formation of gemmae. In this study, we investigated independent gametophytes on the Jeju Island of Korea, which was located on the land bridge between East China and Japan during the glacial periods. Fourteen gametophyte populations were collected from seven sites, of which 13 populations were clearly identified as belonging to four fern species known to occur in Jeju Island with BLAST searches using rbcL and trnL-F sequences. Surprisingly, the last remaining population constituted undescribed taxa in Korea. We presented the first report of the independent gametophytes of Antrophyum obovatum Baker which has not been previously recorded in Korea. It has been supposed that many ferns sought suitable habitat throughout the land bridge between China and Japan. However, Jeju Island might be unsuitable for vittarioid ferns that prefer a tropical or subtropical environment. Consequently, only two species of vittariod ferns (A. obovatum and Haplopteris flexuosa (Fée) E.H. Crane) in the form of a gametophyte and sporophyte, respectively, exist on Jeju Island. Therefore, this gametophyte population must be protected and managed from a conservation perspective. In the case of the independent gametophyte of Hymenophyllum wrightii Bosch, haplotype analysis was conducted based on the rbcL sequences and the result supported that the North American populations were migrated from Japan through land bridge during the glacial periods and Jeju populations were recently established by long-distance dispersal of the Japanese populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hee Park
- Department of Forest ScienceChungbuk National UniversityChungbukSouth Korea
| | - Jung Sung Kim
- Department of Forest ScienceChungbuk National UniversityChungbukSouth Korea
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Institute of Agricultural Science and TechnologyChungbuk National UniversityChungbukSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hikosaka K. New Year's greetings 2020 from the Journal of Plant Research. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:1-2. [PMID: 31897742 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ebihara A, Nitta JH. An update and reassessment of fern and lycophyte diversity data in the Japanese Archipelago. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019. [PMID: 31529289 DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4362p32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The fern and lycophyte flora of Japan comprising 721 native taxa (including subspecies and varieties) plus 371 interspecific hybrids was reassessed using a nearly comprehensively sampled distribution map at 10 km resolution vouchered by 216,687 specimens, up-to-date cytotaxonomic information covering 74% of the taxa, and an rbcL sequence dataset covering 97.9% of the taxa. Spatial distribution of species richness and phylogenetic diversity was visualized. Apomixis was observed in 11.0% of the native taxa whose reproductive modes are known. The number of sexually reproducing polyploid taxa (n = 199) is less than sexual diploids (n = 241), and 30 of them are evidently allopolyploid, in contrast with the low number of possible autopolyploids (n = 4). Apomictic taxa were found to have smaller latitudinal ranges than sexual taxa or taxa with multiple reproductive modes. A morphological character dataset in Lucid format is provided for taxonomic identification of the native taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ebihara
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan.
| | - Joel H Nitta
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ebihara A, Nitta JH. An update and reassessment of fern and lycophyte diversity data in the Japanese Archipelago. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019; 132:723-738. [PMID: 31529289 PMCID: PMC6831535 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The fern and lycophyte flora of Japan comprising 721 native taxa (including subspecies and varieties) plus 371 interspecific hybrids was reassessed using a nearly comprehensively sampled distribution map at 10 km resolution vouchered by 216,687 specimens, up-to-date cytotaxonomic information covering 74% of the taxa, and an rbcL sequence dataset covering 97.9% of the taxa. Spatial distribution of species richness and phylogenetic diversity was visualized. Apomixis was observed in 11.0% of the native taxa whose reproductive modes are known. The number of sexually reproducing polyploid taxa (n = 199) is less than sexual diploids (n = 241), and 30 of them are evidently allopolyploid, in contrast with the low number of possible autopolyploids (n = 4). Apomictic taxa were found to have smaller latitudinal ranges than sexual taxa or taxa with multiple reproductive modes. A morphological character dataset in Lucid format is provided for taxonomic identification of the native taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ebihara
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan.
| | - Joel H Nitta
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC, 20013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nitta JH, Ebihara A. Virtual issue: Ecology and evolution of pteridophytes in the era of molecular genetics. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2019; 132:719-721. [PMID: 31595362 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-019-01139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The past quarter-century has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of the phylogenetics, systematics, and ecology of pteridophytes (ferns and lycophytes), particularly due to the rapid accumulation of plastid sequence data and a renewed interest in the ecology of the sexual phase of the life cycle. We here compile 19 papers recently published in the Journal of Plant Research dealing with the biology of pteridophytes, grouped into six categories: (1) breeding systems, (2) species complexes and polyploidization, (3) fossil taxa, (4) gametophyte ecology, (5) systematics, (6) biodiversity. We hope this collection of papers will be of value to researchers interested in this fascinating group of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel H Nitta
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 20013, USA.
| | - Atsushi Ebihara
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| |
Collapse
|