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Anastasiadis K, Nassar M. The effect of different conditioning agents on dentin roughness and collagen structure. J Dent 2024; 148:105222. [PMID: 38950766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of various organic and inorganic acids on the roughness, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures of human dentin and to compare these effects with those of traditional agents, specifically phosphoric acid (PA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). METHODS Coronal dentin discs (n = 10) were examined by optical profilometry (roughness) and ATR-FTIR before and after conditioning with 32 % PA, 3 % nitric acid (NA), 20 % citric acid (CA), 20 % phytic acid (IP6) or 17 % EDTA. Spectra data were processed to quantify dentin demineralization (DM%) and percentage area of amide I curve-fitted components of β-turns, 310-helix, α-helix, random coils, β-sheets, and collagen maturation index. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis for DM% and roughness parameters, and paired t-test/Wilcoxon test for amide I components at significance level set at α = 0.05. RESULTS All treatments resulted in increased roughness parameters, with the most significant changes occurring primarily with PA, while EDTA exhibited the least changes. DM% was NA>PA>IP6>CA>EDTA in a descending order. Regarding amide I components, NA demonstrated a significant reduction in β-turns, 310-helices, and α-helices and it increased β-sheets and random coils. PA resulted in reduction in β-turns and α-helices while it increased β-sheets. CA and EDTA did not cause significant changes. The collagen maturation index significantly increased only after IP6 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The effect on dentin roughness parameters, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures varied based on the type of dentin surface treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the impact of acids on the intrinsic properties of dentin is clinically essential for gaining insights into how these effects influence adhesion to dentin, the long-term stability of resin-based restorations, and the success of remineralization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Valdés DA, Minter JE. Clinical use and applications of a citrate-based antiseptic lavage for the prevention and treatment of PJI. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1397192. [PMID: 39015785 PMCID: PMC11249742 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1397192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Total joint arthroplasties (TJA) are some of the most commonly performed surgeries in the United States with the number of TJA expected to rise significantly over the next decade as the population ages and arthritic burden worsens. However, the rise in TJA volume correlates with a heightened risk of complications, notably prosthetic joint infections (PJI), despite their low occurrence rate of less than 2%. PJI imposes a significant burden on surgery success, patient well-being, and healthcare costs, with an estimated annual expense of 1.85 billion dollars for hip and knee PJI by 2030. This manuscript delves into the pathophysiology of PJI, exploring our current understanding of the role of bacterial biofilm formation on implanted foreign hardware, providing protection against the host immune system and antibiotics. The article reviews current agents and their efficacy in treating PJI, as well as their cytotoxicity toward native cells involved in wound healing, prompting the exploration of a novel citrate-based solution. The paper highlights the superior properties and efficacy of a novel citrate-based irrigation solution on the treatment and prevention of PJI via increased antimicrobial properties, greater biofilm disruption, increased exposure time, and reduced cytotoxicity compared to conventional solutions, positioning it as a promising alternative. It also provides a perspective on its clinical use in the operating theater, with a step-by-step approach in TJA, whether primary or revisionary.
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Ozel B, Ayhan T, Kaptan F, Sahin F, Karapınar-Kazandağ M. Dual- or single rinse? The tubular sealer penetration of endodontic chelating agents. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303377. [PMID: 38875249 PMCID: PMC11178202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of various chelating agents, ethilenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid (CA), and etidronic acid (HEDP) mixed in two different forms, in removing the smear layer and promoting the penetration of an endodontic sealer into the dentinal tubules of extracted single-rooted teeth. METHODS The study used 75 teeth divided into five groups: 17% EDTA, 10% CA, 9% HEDP + NaOCl, 9% HEDP + distilled water (DW), and a control (DW) group. Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess smear layer removal and confocal laser microscopy was used to evaluate tubular sealer penetration at different depths from the apical tip. RESULTS Sealer penetration was highest with 17% EDTA and 10% CA as compared with the other agents (p<0.001). At the cervical third, the sealer penetration for EDTA, HEDP + NaOCl, and HEDP + DW groups were significantly different than those in DW (p = 0.020). For the middle third, EDTA, CA, and HEDP + NaOCl groups were significantly higher than those of the DW group (p<0.001). Cervical-level values were significantly higher than apical-level values for HEDP + NaOCl, HEDP + DW, and DW (p<0.001). Smear layer removal was lower with 9% HEDP + DW than with 17% EDTA and 10% CA at all depths (p<0.001). A significancy in smear layer removal was observed between 10% CA and control (p = 0.015) in middle depth. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, highest values were seen in EDTA and CA in terms of sealer penetration and smear layer removal. In the light of these findings, the use of strong chelating agents highlights better clinical efficiency than dual-rinse or single HEDP irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beliz Ozel
- Department of Endodontics, Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuba Ayhan
- Department of Endodontics, Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Figen Kaptan
- Department of Endodontics, Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meriç Karapınar-Kazandağ
- Department of Endodontics, Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yao W, Xie Y, Chen R, Wang W, Ma L, Li B. Promotion of Dentin Biomimetic Mineralization and Bonding Efficacy by Interfacial Control of an Experimental Citric Acid Dental Etching Agent. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29699-29715. [PMID: 38815211 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Resin-bonded restorations are the most important caries treatment method in clinical practice. Thus, improving the durability of dentin bonding remains a pressing issue. As a promising solution, guided tissue remineralization can induce the formation of apatite nanocrystals to repair defects in the dentin bonding interface. In this study, we present an experimental 20 wt % citric acid (CA) dental etching agent that removes the smear layer. After CA-etching, approximately 3.55 wt % residual CA formed a strong bond with collagen fibrils, reducing the interfacial energy between the remineralizing solution and dentin. CA helped achieve almost complete intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization after 24 h of mineralization. CA also significantly promoted poly(amidoamine)-induced dentin biomimetic mineralization. The elastic modulus and microhardness of remineralized dentin were restored to that of sound dentin. The remineralized interface reduced microleakage and provided a stronger, longer-lasting bond than conventional phosphate acid-etching. The newly developed CA dental etching agents promoted rapid dentin biomimetic mineralization and improved bonding efficacy through interfacial control, representing a new approach with clinical practice implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yao
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Xie
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruhua Chen
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ma
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, People's Republic of China
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Marques JA, Falacho RI, Santos JM, Ramos JC, Palma PJ. Effects of endodontic irrigation solutions on structural, chemical, and mechanical properties of coronal dentin: A scoping review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:606-619. [PMID: 37698359 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aims to assess structural, chemical, and mechanical properties of coronal dentin after endodontic irrigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reporting followed the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. An electronic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Records filtered by language and published up to November 4, 2022 were independently screened by two researchers. Studies evaluating structural, chemical, or mechanical properties of human permanent coronal dentin after irrigation within the scope of nonsurgical root canal treatment were included. Data were extracted regarding study type, sample description and size, experimental groups, outcome, evaluation method, and main findings. RESULTS From the initial 1916 studies, and by adding 2 cross-references, 11 in vitro studies were included. Seven studies provide ultrastructural and/or chemical characterization, and six assessed microhardness and/or flexural strength. One percent to 8% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 1%-17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were the most commonly tested solutions, with contact times of 2-240 min (NaOCl) and 1-1440 min (EDTA) being evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the literature is consensual regarding the inevitable impact of NaOCl and chelating agents on coronal dentin, with both deproteinizing and decalcifying effects being concentration- and time-dependent. The alteration of mechanical parameters further confirmed the surface and subsurface ultrastructural and chemical changes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Endodontic treatment success highly depends on restorative sealing. Understanding the result of exposing coronal dentin, the main substrate for bonding, to irrigants' action is crucial. The deproteinizing and decalcifying effects of NaOCl and chelating agents are both concentration- and time-dependent, causing surface and subsurface ultrastructural, chemical, and mechanical alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana A Marques
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui I Falacho
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Miguel Santos
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Center of Investigation on Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine and Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Ramos
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Palma
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Reis-Prado AHD, Toledo PTA, Nunes GP, Ferreira PAV, Rahimnejad M, Dal-Fabbro R, Abreu LG, Bottino MC, Benetti F. Citric Acid Conditioning as an Alternative to EDTA for Growth Factors Release and Stem Cell Response in Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. J Endod 2024; 50:129-143. [PMID: 37984798 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Citric acid (CA) conditioning may be a promising alternative to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in regenerative endodontic procedures, as reported to improve growth factors' release from dentin. This review systematically investigated the effect of CA conditioning on the growth factors release from dentin and cell behavior compared to EDTA conditioning. METHODS Searches were conducted (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, SciELO, Cochrane Library, and grey literature) until May-2023. Only in vitro studies that evaluated the effects of CA on growth factors' release from dentin and cell behavior outcomes compared to EDTA were included. The studies were critically appraised using a modified Joanna Briggs Institute's checklist. Meta-analysis was unfeasible. RESULTS Out of the 335 articles screened, nine were included. Among these, three studies used dentin discs/roots from permanent human teeth; the rest combined them with stem cells. 10% CA for 5 or 10 minute was the most used protocol. Meanwhile, EDTA concentrations ranged from 10% to 17%. In eight studies examining the release of growth factors, five reported a significant release of transforming growth factor-β after dentin conditioning with 10% CA compared to 17% EDTA. Regarding cell behavior (6 studies), three studies assessed cell viability. The findings revealed that 10% CA conditioning showed cell viability similar to those of 17% EDTA. Additionally, in two out of three studies, it was observed that 10% CA conditioning did not affect cell morphology. The studies had a low risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The use of 10% CA to condition dentin for 5-10 minutes resulted in a notable transforming growth factor -β1 release, but its cell responses were similar to those of EDTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Dos Reis-Prado
- Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - P T A Toledo
- Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G P Nunes
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism and Regeneration, University of Porto, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Porto, Portugal
| | - P A V Ferreira
- Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M Rahimnejad
- Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - R Dal-Fabbro
- Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - L G Abreu
- Child's and Adolescent's Oral Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M C Bottino
- Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - F Benetti
- Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), School of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Lei L, Huang J, Cai Z, Huang X. Sonic-assisted antibacterial photodynamic therapy: a strategy for enhancing lateral canal disinfection. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166876 PMCID: PMC10762957 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infections in lateral canals pose challenges for root canal treatment. This in vitro study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of sonic-assisted methylene blue mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (MB-aPDT) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in infected lateral canals. METHODS Sixty-five premolars infected with E. faecalis in lateral canals were randomly divided into five groups (n = 13) and treated with : (1) 5.25% NaOCl (positive control); (2) Saline (negative control); (3) Sonic-assisted MB-aPDT; (4) 3% NaOCl + MB-aPDT; (5) 3% NaOCl + sonic-assisted MB-aPDT, respectively. The antibacterial efficacy was evaluated by the colony- counting method (CCM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). RESULTS Both 5.25% NaOCl and the 3% NaOCl + sonic-assisted MB-aPDT exhibited the most effective while comparable antibacterial effects without significant statistical difference (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of the 3% NaOCl + MB-aPDT group was significantly higher compared to that of the sonic-assisted MB-aPDT group (P < 0.05). The SEM results demonstrated notable morphological alterations in E. faecalis across all experimental groups, except for the negative control group. CONCLUSION The concentration of NaOCl can be reduced to a safe level while preserving its antibacterial efficacy through the synergism with the sonic-assisted MB-aPDT in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhuang Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Lishan Lei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Jing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China.
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Zarean P, Göllner M, Zarean P, Neuhaus KW. 2D and 3D Erosion Landscape Analysis of Endodontic-Treated Teeth Using EDTA and HEDP as Chelating Agents: A High-Resolution Micro-Computed Tomographic Study. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:286. [PMID: 38132424 PMCID: PMC10742433 DOI: 10.3390/dj11120286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the amount of erosion during activated endodontic irrigation with either HEDP or EDTA via high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Two root canals of twenty premolars were prepared with ProTaper Next and irrigated with sodium hypochlorite. Palatal canals, which served as control groups, were sealed, while buccal canals were further irrigated with either EDTA (n = 10) or HEDP (n = 10), which served as test groups. Micro-CT was performed to measure erosion depth. For 2D and 3D measurements, non-parametric repeated ANOVA measurements and post hoc tests were performed. 2D analysis showed highly significant differences between the case groups at each position of the root (p ≤ 0.01). The cervical and apical positions showed significant differences in the EDTA group (p = 0.03). The 3D analysis also showed significant differences between both chelating agents (p < 0.01) and the case and control groups (p = 0.01). The mean erosion depths in the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of the EDTA group were 45.75, 41.79, and 32.25 µm, and for the HEDP group were 20.25, 16.40, and 15.96 µm, respectively. HEDP seems to have a significantly less erosive effect. Different irrigation protocols with harsher conditions, as might be the case during endodontic retreatment, could be assessed with micro-CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Zarean
- Department of General Pediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (P.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Michael Göllner
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Paridokht Zarean
- Department of General Pediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (P.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Klaus W. Neuhaus
- Department of General Pediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 40, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (P.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Czopik B, Woźniakiewicz A, Świętoniowska N, Zarzecka J, Woźniakiewicz M. Quantitative Insight into PCA Formation following Different Chlorhexidine Activation Methods in Endodontic Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:6159. [PMID: 37630411 PMCID: PMC10457975 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was a quantitative analysis of p-chloroaniline (PCA) formation during 2% CHX activation with US and MDI methods in a root canal-like environment with the HPLC-DAD method and, thus, a safety assessment of US and MDI agitation of CHX in endodontic treatment. Two percent CHX was activated with the US method using ISO 30 and 35 K-file, and the MDI method using ISO 30.06 and 35.06 GP cones for 15, 30, 60, and 90 s. PCA concentration was assessed with the HPLC-DAD method. PCA concentration was also assessed for 2% CHX after 0, 3, 18, and 21 days of storage in ambient conditions. PCA was detected in all samples in all methods of activation. The concentration of PCA was dependent on time of activation in US ISO 30 and ISO 35 group (p < 0.05). In the MDI ISO 30.06 and ISO 35.06 groups, a similar trend was observed but without statistical significance (p > 0.05). PCA was detected in shelf-stored 2% CHX and the concentration was related to the time of storage. PCA is released after CHX activation with US and MDI, but mean concentrations are not higher than those observed from self-degradation of shelf-stored 2% CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Czopik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Stomatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4 St., 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Aneta Woźniakiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (A.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Natalia Świętoniowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (A.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Joanna Zarzecka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Stomatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Montelupich 4 St., 31-155 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Michał Woźniakiewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (A.W.); (M.W.)
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Pinc MM, Dalmagro M, da Cruz Alves Pereira E, Donadel G, Thomaz RT, da Silva C, Macruz PD, Jacomassi E, Gasparotto Junior A, Hoscheid J, Lourenço ELB, Alberton O. Extraction Methods, Chemical Characterization, and In Vitro Biological Activities of Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel Peels. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1173. [PMID: 37631088 PMCID: PMC10459866 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel, popularly known as jabuticaba, possesses bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids, known for their antioxidant, antibacterial, wound healing, and cardioprotective effects. Therefore, this study aimed to standardize the P. cauliflora fruit peel extraction method, maximize phenolic constituents, and evaluate their antioxidative and antimicrobial effects. Various extraction methods, including vortex extraction with and without precipitation at 25, 40, and 80 °C, and infusion extraction with and without precipitation, were performed using a completely randomized design. Extraction without precipitation (E - P) showed the highest yield (57.9%). However, the precipitated extraction (E + P) method displayed a yield of 45.9%, higher levels of phenolic derivatives, and enhanced antioxidant capacity. Major compounds, such as D-psicose, D-glucose, and citric acid, were identified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis identified citric acid, hexose, flavonoids, tannins, and quercetin as the major compounds in the extracts. Furthermore, the extracts exhibited inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli bacteria. In conclusion, the E + P method efficiently obtained extracts with high content of bioactive compounds showing antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities with potential application as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Moraes Pinc
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Mariana Dalmagro
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Elton da Cruz Alves Pereira
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Guilherme Donadel
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Renan Tedeski Thomaz
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Camila da Silva
- Department of Technology, State University of Maringá, Umuarama 87506-370, Paraná, Brazil;
| | - Paula Derksen Macruz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil;
| | - Ezilda Jacomassi
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology (LaFaC), Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil;
| | - Jaqueline Hoscheid
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
| | - Odair Alberton
- Laboratory of Preclinical Research of Natural Products, Paranaense University, Umuarama 87502-210, Paraná, Brazil; (M.M.P.); (M.D.); (E.d.C.A.P.); (G.D.); (R.T.T.); (E.J.); (J.H.); (E.L.B.L.)
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11
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Saeoweiang P, Charoenrat T, Aonbangkhen C, Chobpradit P, Techalertpaisarn P. One-Step Surface-Treatment Reagent (35% 3-O-Ethyl-l-ascorbic Acid Plus 50% Citric Acid Solution) Restores the Shear Bond Strength of Metal Brackets Bonded to Bleached Human Enamel: An In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11050110. [PMID: 37232761 DOI: 10.3390/dj11050110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates how a new substance, composed of ethyl ascorbic acid and citric acid, affects the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets when bonded to bleached teeth. Forty maxillary premolar teeth were used and randomly placed into four groups (n = 10): the control group did not undergo bleaching; the remaining groups underwent bleached using 35% hydrogen peroxide. In group A, 37% phosphoric acid was applied after bleaching. In group B, 10% sodium ascorbate was used for ten minutes before 37% phosphoric acid. In group C, 35%3-O-ethyl-l-ascorbic acid plus 50% citric acid solution (35EA/50CA) was applied for 5 min. The subgroups were bonded immediately after bleaching. The SBS was determined with a universal testing machine and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and then Tukey's HSD tests. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were determined with a stereomicroscope and analyzed with a chi-squared test. The significance level was 0.05. Group C demonstrated significantly higher SBS values than group A (p < 0.001), but was not significantly different than the control group or group C (p > 0.05). The ARI scores were significantly different among the groups (p < 0.001). In conclusion, enamel surface treatment using 35EA/50CA improved the reduced SBS to an acceptable clinical level and reduced the clinical chair time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichanee Saeoweiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanit Charoenrat
- Department of Orthodontics, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanat Aonbangkhen
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pattraporn Chobpradit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Techalertpaisarn
- Department of Orthodontics, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Wangmai, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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