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Shipmon JC, Rathinasabapathi P, Broich ML, Hemansi, Eiteman MA. Production of Esters in Escherichia coli Using Citrate Synthase Variants. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1338. [PMID: 39065106 PMCID: PMC11278746 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetate esters comprise a wide range of products including fragrances and industrial solvents. Biosynthesis of esters offers a promising alternative to chemical synthesis because such routes use renewable carbohydrate resources and minimize the generation of waste. One biochemical method for ester formation relies on the ATF1 gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which encodes alcohol-O-acyltransferase (AAT) which converts acetyl-CoA and an exogenously supplied alcohol into the ester. In this study, the formation of several acetate esters via AAT was examined in Escherichia coli chromosomally expressing citrate synthase variants, which create a metabolic bottleneck at acetyl-CoA. In shake flask cultures, variant strains generated more acetate esters than the strains expressing the wild-type citrate synthase. In a controlled bioreactor, E. coli GltA[A267T] generated 3.9 g propyl acetate in 13 h, corresponding to a yield of 0.155 g propyl acetate/g glucose, which is 18% greater than that obtained by the wild-type GltA control. These results demonstrate the ability of citrate synthase variants to redistribute carbon from central metabolism into acetyl-CoA-derived biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacoby C. Shipmon
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.C.S.)
| | - Pasupathi Rathinasabapathi
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.C.S.)
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur 603202, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Michael L. Broich
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.C.S.)
| | - Hemansi
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.C.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123029, Haryana, India
| | - Mark A. Eiteman
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (J.C.S.)
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Widdicombe J, Basáñez MG, Entezami M, Jackson D, Larrieu E, Prada JM. The economic evaluation of Cystic echinococcosis control strategies focused on zoonotic hosts: A scoping review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010568. [PMID: 35797271 PMCID: PMC9262177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic neglected tropical disease (zNTD) which imposes considerable financial burden to endemic countries. The 2021–2030 World Health Organization’s roadmap on NTDs has proposed that intensified control be achieved in hyperendemic areas of 17 countries by 2030. Successful interventions for disease control, and the scale-up of programmes applying such interventions, rely on understanding the associated costs and relative return for investment. We conducted a scoping review of existing peer-reviewed literature on economic evaluations of CE control strategies focused on Echinococcus granulosus zoonotic hosts. Methodology/Principal findings Database searches of Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, CABI Direct and JSTOR were conducted and comprehensively reviewed in March 2022, using predefined search criteria with no date, field or language restrictions. A total of 100 papers were initially identified and assessed for eligibility against strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Bibliography review of included manuscripts was used to identify additional literature. Full review of the final manuscript selection (n = 9) was performed and cost data for control interventions were extracted. Conclusions/Significance There are very little published data pertaining to the cost and cost effectiveness of CE control interventions targeting its zoonotic hosts. Data given for costs are often incomplete, thus we were unable to perform an economic analysis and cost effectiveness study, highlighting a pressing need for this information. There is much scope for future work in this area. More detailed information and disaggregated costings need to be collected and made available. This would increase the accuracy of any cost-effective analyses to be performed and allow for a greater understanding of the opportunity cost of healthcare decisions and resource allocation by stakeholders and policy makers for effective and cost-effective CE control. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic neglected tropical disease which predominantly affects poor pastoral communities globally. The parasite cycles between farm dogs and livestock, and is associated with livestock farming and feeding of infected offal to dogs. Although no noticeable clinical signs are seen in livestock, some production losses, such as reduced milk yield and live weight gain may be observed, and offal condemnation at slaughter is common. The disease can also affect people, due to accidental ingestion of parasite eggs on contaminated food and contact with dogs. Human morbidity and mortality occur due to cyst formation in body organs, exerting a substantial health and financial burden to the health sector of affected countries. Control interventions to reduce CE transmission include sheep vaccination and dog deworming. Long-term control programmes are often expensive, and the true costs of such programmes poorly documented. This scoping review aims to examine published literature on the costs of CE control in zoonotic hosts and report detailed costs of individual elements of a control programme, thereby furthering our understanding of the true economic cost of CE control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Widdicombe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - María-Gloria Basáñez
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mahbod Entezami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Jackson
- Surrey Health Economics Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Edmundo Larrieu
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro, Choele Choel, Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Joaquín M. Prada
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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3
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Ethanol as additive enhances expression of Ranibizumab in Escherichia coli: Impact on cellular physiology and transcriptome. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Slouka C, Kopp J, Spadiut O, Herwig C. Perspectives of inclusion bodies for bio-based products: curse or blessing? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1143-1153. [PMID: 30569219 PMCID: PMC6394472 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9569-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The bacterium Escherichia coli is a major host for recombinant protein production of non-glycosylated products. Depending on the expression strategy, the recombinant protein can be located intracellularly, which often leads to protein aggregates inside of the cytoplasm, forming so the called inclusion bodies (IBs). When compared to other protein expression strategies, inclusion body formation allows high product titers and also the possibility of expressing proteins being toxic for the host. In the past years, the comprehension of inclusion bodies being only inactive protein aggregates changed, and the new term of non-classical inclusion bodies emerged. These inclusion bodies are believed to contain a reasonable amount of active protein within their structure. However, subsequent downstream processing, such as homogenisation of cells, centrifugation or solubilisation of IBs, is prone to variable process performance and is often known to result in low extraction yields. It is hypothesised that variations in IB quality attributes are responsible for those effects and that such attributes can be controlled by upstream process conditions. In this review, we address the impact of process design (process parameters) in the upstream on defined inclusion body quality attributes. The following topics are therefore addressed: (i) an overview of the range of inclusion body applications (including emerging technologies); (ii) analytical methods to determine quality attributes; and (iii) screws in process engineering to achieve the desired quality attributes for different inclusion body-based applications. Process parameters in the upstream can be used to trigger different quality attributes including protein activity, but are not exploited to a satisfying content yet. Design by quality approaches in the upstream are already considered for a multitude of existing processes. Further intensifying this approach may pave the industrial application for new IB-based products and improves IB processing, as discussed within this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Slouka
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße, 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Kopp
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße, 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße, 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Mechanistic and Physiological Methods for Improved Bioprocesses, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße, 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorfer Straße, 1a, 1060, Vienna, Austria.
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Vasconcelos LTCDP, Oliveira Filho MA, Ribeiro VT, Araújo JSD, de Sousa Junior FC, Martins DRA, Dos Santos ES. Optimization of the 503 antigen induction strategy of Leishmania infantum chagasi expressed in Escherichia coli M15. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:968-976. [PMID: 30489218 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1525563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is a complex of diseases that can be fatal, if not given proper attention. Despite its relevance in the public health system, there is no vaccine capable of preventing the disease in humans so far and its treatment is expensive and aggressive to human health. The present study aims to optimize the induction parameters of the 503 Leishmania i. chagasi antigen expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli M15. The induction at different cell densities was evaluated in order to analyze the influence of the induction time on the yield of the protein of interest. In this segment, lactose and isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) were used as inducer molecules, using various concentrations: 0.1 g/L, 1.0 g/L, and 10 g/L for lactose and 20 μM, 100 μM, 500 μM, and 1000 μM for IPTG. The results presented that the concentration of IPTG that obtained the higher antigen levels was that of 100 μM (0.087 g/L), a 10-fold lower concentration than was being previously used in this type of system and for lactose, it was 1 g/L (0.016 g/L). Thus, the induction with 100 μM allowed obtaining the antigen with a concentration 5.6 times higher than the lactose induction maximum concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Tales Costa de Paiva Vasconcelos
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Oliveira Filho
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Vitor Troccoli Ribeiro
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Jaciara Silva de Araújo
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Junior
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | | | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
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Seyfi R, Babaeipour V, Mofid MR, Kahaki FA. Expression and production of recombinant scorpine as a potassium channel blocker protein in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 66:119-129. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roghayyeh Seyfi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Valiollah Babaeipour
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Malek Ashtar University of Technology; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mofid
- Department of Biochemistry; Bioinformatics Research Center; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abarghooi Kahaki
- Department of Biotechnology; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Saha A, Acharya BN, Priya R, Tripathi NK, Shrivastava A, Rao MK, Kesari P, Narwal M, Tomar S, Bhagyawant SS, Parida M, Dash PK. Development of nsP2 protease based cell free high throughput screening assay for evaluation of inhibitors against emerging Chikungunya virus. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10831. [PMID: 30018455 PMCID: PMC6050329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus has emerged as one of the most important global arboviral threats over the last decade. Inspite of large scale morbidity, with long lasting polyarthralgia, so far no licensed vaccine or antiviral is available. CHIKV nsP2 protease is crucial for processing of viral nonstructural polypeptide precursor to release enzymes required for viral replication, thus making it a promising drug target. In this study, high cell density cultivation (HCDC) of Escherichia coli in batch process was carried out to produce rCHIKV nsP2pro in a cost-effective manner. The purified nsP2pro and fluorogenic peptide substrate have been adapted for fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based high throughput screening (HTS) assay with Z’ value and CV of 0.67 ± 0.054 and <10% respectively. We used this cell free HTS system to screen panel of metal ions and its conjugate which revealed zinc acetate as a potential candidate, which was further found to inhibit CHIKV in Vero cells. Scale-up process has not been previously reported for any of the arboviral nonstructural enzymes. The successful scale-up method for viral protease together with a HTS assay could lead to the development of industrial level large-scale screening platform for identification of protease inhibitors against emerging and re-emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Saha
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Badri Narayan Acharya
- Synthetic Chemistry Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Raj Priya
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Technology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Ambuj Shrivastava
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - M Kameswara Rao
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Pooja Kesari
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Manju Narwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Shailly Tomar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | | | - Manmohan Parida
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Paban Kumar Dash
- Virology Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Gwalior, 474002, India.
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8
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Tripathi NK, Karothia D, Shrivastava A, Banger S, Kumar JS. Enhanced production and immunological characterization of recombinant West Nile virus envelope domain III protein. N Biotechnol 2018; 46:7-13. [PMID: 29768182 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus which is responsible for severe and fatal encephalitis in humans and for which there is no licensed vaccine or therapeutic available to prevent infection. The envelope domain III protein (EDIII) of WNV was over-expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using a two-step chromatography process which included immobilized metal affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. E. coli cells were grown in a bioreactor to high density using batch and fed-batch cultivation. Wet biomass obtained after batch and fed-batch cultivation processes was 11.2 g and 84 g/L of culture respectively. Protein yield after affinity purification was 5.76 mg and 5.81 mg/g wet cell weight after batch and fed-batch processes respectively. The purified WNV EDIII elicited specific antibodies in rabbits, confirming its immunogenicity. Moreover, the antibodies were able to neutralize WNV in vitro. These results established that the refolded and purified WNV EDIII could be a potential vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale Up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India.
| | - Divyanshi Karothia
- Division of Virology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Ambuj Shrivastava
- Division of Virology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Swati Banger
- Bioprocess Scale Up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India
| | - Jyoti S Kumar
- Division of Virology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India
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Iliev I, Vasileva T, Bivolarski V, Salim A, Morel S, Rabier P, Gabriel V. Optimization of the expression of levansucrase L17 in recombinant E. coli. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1431056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ilia Iliev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University ‘Paisii Hilendarski’, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Tonka Vasileva
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University ‘Paisii Hilendarski’, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin Bivolarski
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University ‘Paisii Hilendarski’, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ayshe Salim
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University ‘Paisii Hilendarski’, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Sandrine Morel
- Laboratory of Engineering of Biological Systems and Processes, Toulouse University, National Institute of Applied Sciences, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Rabier
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Biotechnology (LBAE-EA4565), University Institute of Technology ‘Paul Sabatier’, Auch, France
| | - Valérie Gabriel
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Biotechnology (LBAE-EA4565), University Institute of Technology ‘Paul Sabatier’, Auch, France
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10
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Vaccination Against Hydatidosis: Molecular Cloning and Optimal Expression of the EG95NC− Recombinant Antigen in Escherichia coli. Protein J 2017; 36:472-477. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-017-9742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Tripathi NK, Shrivastava A. Evaluation of antibody response against recombinant domain III proteins of dengue virus type 1 and 2. AIMS Microbiol 2017; 3:248-266. [PMID: 31294159 PMCID: PMC6605013 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.2.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue, a mosquito borne viral disease caused by dengue virus has emerged as a major health problem during the last few decades. The envelope domain III (DIII) protein of dengue virus is highly immunogenic and capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies against wild-type dengue virus. The envelope domain III protein is a potential subunit vaccine candidate as well as a diagnostic reagent for dengue. This report describes the high yield production and immunogenicity of recombinant DIII proteins of dengue virus type 1 and 2. The subunit DIII proteins were produced in Escherichia coli using batch and fed-batch fermentation process. Immobilized metal affinity chromatography was used to capture DIII proteins of dengue virus type 1 and 2. The purified proteins were refolded by diafiltration to achieve biologically active proteins. After fed-batch fermentation, the recombinant E. coli resulted in purified DIII proteins of about 10.06 mg and 47.70 mg per gram of dry cell weight for recombinant dengue virus type 1 and 2 respectively with more than 95% purity. Biological function of the purified DIII proteins were confirmed by their ability to generate DIII specific antibodies in mice. The DIII antigens in combination with adjuvant resulted antibody endpoint titers of 1:64,000 and 1:1,28,000 for recombinant dengue virus type 1 and 2 respectively. These findings establish that the DIII proteins in combination with adjuvant are immunogenic, which suggests that refolded and purified DIII proteins can be a potential vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India
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12
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Umair S, Pernthaner A, Deng Q, Gibson B, Hook S, Heath D. Preliminary evaluation of a thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel for Echinococcus granulosus vaccine delivery. Vet Parasitol 2017; 236:117-120. [PMID: 28288754 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The EG95 vaccine is effective in protecting grazing animals from infection with Echinococcus granulosus. Six male lambs were used in the study, two were each vaccinated subcutaneously with 50μg EG95/1mg Quil-A, two animals were each vaccinated with 50μg EG95/1mg Quil-A in 1% chitosan thermolabile gel subcutaneously, and two animals served as non-vaccinated controls. Two vaccinations were given at a 7 week interval. Two vaccinations induced a significantly higher antibody titre in the chitosan group compared with the Quil-A only group. The chitosan vaccine group also had a significantly higher antibody titre compared with a positive control sera from vaccinated and challenged sheep. Incorporating the EG95/Quil-A vaccine in a thermo-responsive chitosan sol-gel stimulated, after the second injection, a high level of antibody absorbance which remained high for at least one year. This response was significantly greater than the response to vaccine without the gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Umair
- The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Anton Pernthaner
- The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Qing Deng
- The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Blake Gibson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Heath
- The Hopkirk Research Institute, AgResearch Ltd, Private Bag 11-008, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Zhu M, Gao F, Li Z, Wang X, Wang H, Wang Z, Zhao J, Zhao W. Immunoprotection of recombinant Eg.myophilin against Echinococcus granulosus infection in sheep. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1585-1590. [PMID: 27602078 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to investigate the immunoprotection of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus myophilin (rEg.myophilin) against the establishment of a challenge oral infection with E. granulosus eggs, as well as to determine the mechanisms underlying this protection. Sheep were subcutaneously immunized two times with rEg.myophilin, followed by the challenge with E. granulosus eggs orally. The animals were sacrificed 44 weeks after infection and the immunoglobulin (Ig) and cytokine levels were analyzed using ELISA. The results identified significant changes in several indexes of animal immune response subsequent to immunization with rEg.myophilin. These changes included reduced number of formed cysts, as well as elevated levels of IgG, IgA and cytokines. The present data suggest that immunization with rEg.myophilin in sheep can successfully reduce the formation of cysts caused by challenge E. granulosus infection and stimulate immune response, suggesting that rEg.myophilin a has potential value as a candidate vaccine against E. granulosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Zhu
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Fu Gao
- Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Xi'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shannxi 710021, P.R. China
| | - Zihua Li
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Experimental Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Department of Pathogenic Biology and Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Hydatid Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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14
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Tripathi NK. Production and Purification of Recombinant Proteins fromEscherichia coli. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201600002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Thammasorn T, Sangsuriya P, Meemetta W, Senapin S, Jitrakorn S, Rattanarojpong T, Saksmerprome V. Large-scale production and antiviral efficacy of multi-target double-stranded RNA for the prevention of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:110. [PMID: 26626024 PMCID: PMC4667486 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is a specific and effective approach for inhibiting viral replication by introducing double-stranded (ds)RNA targeting the viral gene. In this study, we employed a combinatorial approach to interfere multiple gene functions of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the most lethal shrimp virus, using a single-batch of dsRNA, so-called "multi-WSSV dsRNA." A co-cultivation of RNase-deficient E. coli was developed to produce dsRNA targeting a major structural protein (VP28) and a hub protein (WSSV051) with high number of interacting protein partners. RESULTS For a co-cultivation of transformed E. coli, use of Terrific broth (TB) medium was shown to improve the growth of the E. coli and multi-WSSV dsRNA yields as compared to the use of Luria Bertani (LB) broth. Co-culture expression was conducted under glycerol feeding fed-batch fermentation. Estimated yield of multi-WSSV dsRNA (μg/mL culture) from the fed-batch process was 30 times higher than that obtained under a lab-scale culture with LB broth. Oral delivery of the resulting multi-WSSV dsRNA reduced % cumulative mortality and delayed average time to death compared to the non-treated group after WSSV challenge. CONCLUSION The present study suggests a co-cultivation technique for production of antiviral dsRNA with multiple viral targets. The optimal multi-WSSV dsRNA production was achieved by the use of glycerol feeding fed-batch cultivation with controlled pH and dissolved oxygen. The cultivation technique developed herein should be feasible for industrial-scale RNAi applications in shrimp aquaculture. Interference of multiple viral protein functions by a single-batch dsRNA should also be an ideal approach for RNAi-mediated fighting against viruses, especially the large and complicated WSSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiporn Thammasorn
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Pakkakul Sangsuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Watcharachai Meemetta
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Sarocha Jitrakorn
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Triwit Rattanarojpong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
| | - Vanvimon Saksmerprome
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. .,National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
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Hu Y, An Y, Fang N, Li Y, Jin H, Nazarali A, Ji S. The Optimization of Soluble PTEN Expression in Escherichia coli. Open Biochem J 2015; 9:42-8. [PMID: 26464590 PMCID: PMC4598374 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01509010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As a vital tumor suppressor, PTEN (Phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is involved
in inherited syndromes, and is among the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressor gene in sporadic cancers. PTEN
loss-of-function widely occurs in human cancers via a variety of mechanisms, including genetic alterations and posttranslational
modification. These suggest PTEN has a role of functional importance in a variety of cancers. In the present
study, we constructed a prokaryotic expression vector that efficiently expresses GST-PTEN (the target protein in which
PTEN is fused with glutathione S-transferase tag) in E. coli. We found that the target protein was partially soluble although
major portions of the protein remained in the inclusion bodies. Furthermore, we explored the optimal induction
temperature, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration and induction time in a series of experiments.
Expression level analysis indicated that PTEN reached its peak level at 36○C for 8 h with 1.5625mM IPTG, while solubility
analysis revealed the optimal induction temperature was at 20○C, the optimal IPTG concentration was 0.1µM and the
optimal induction time was up to 8 h. Taken together, we provide an optimal induction condition for expressing soluble
fusion protein of PTEN in E. coli, facilitating further analysis of PTEN’s biological function in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Na Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Haiying Jin
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, China
| | - Adil Nazarali
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition and Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
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17
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Zhu M, Wang X, Wang H, Wang Z, Zhao J, Wang Y, Zhao W. Mechanism of protective immunity by vaccination with recombinant Echinococcus granulosus glutathione S-transferase (Chinese strain) in mice. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1127-1132. [PMID: 26622451 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoprotective effects of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus glutathione S-transferase (rEgGST) against the development of protoscolices (PSCs), and to determine the mechanisms underlying this protection. ICR mice were subcutaneously immunized three times with rEgGST at weeks 0, 2 and 4, followed by the intraperitoneal administration of E. granulosus PSCs at week 10. Six mice in each group were sacrificed at 0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 18 and 30 weeks following the initial vaccination in order to observe the macroscopic and microscopic effects of parasite development. Various analyses were subsequently conducted, including determination of the levels of immunoglobulins (Igs) and cytokines. Significant differences were observed a number of indices of immune response following immunization with rEgGST. These included reduced cyst formation and elevated levels of IgG1, IgG2a, IgG3, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ, which indicated an increased percentage of immune helper cells. The results of the present study suggest that immunization with rEgGST in mice is able to successfully reduce the PSC-induced formation of cysts and to stimulate an immune response, suggesting that rEgGST possesses potential value as a candidate vaccine for PSC infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Zhu
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Experimental Animal Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqing Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yana Wang
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Center of Scientific Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, P.R. China
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18
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Larentis AL, Nicolau JFMQ, Esteves GDS, Vareschini DT, de Almeida FVR, dos Reis MG, Galler R, Medeiros MA. Evaluation of pre-induction temperature, cell growth at induction and IPTG concentration on the expression of a leptospiral protein in E. coli using shaking flasks and microbioreactor. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:671. [PMID: 25252618 PMCID: PMC4190419 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptospirosis is a zoonose that is increasingly endemic in built-up areas, especially where there are communities living in precarious housing with poor or non-existent sanitation infrastructure. Leptospirosis can kill, for its symptoms are easily confused with those of other diseases. As such, a rapid diagnosis is required so it can be treated effectively. A test for leptospirosis diagnosis using Leptospira Immunoglobulin-like (Lig) proteins is currently at final validation at Fiocruz. Results In this work, the process for expression of LigB (131-645aa) in E. coli BL21 (DE3)Star™/pAE was evaluated. No significant difference was found for the experiments at two different pre-induction temperatures (28°C and 37°C). Then, the strain was cultivated at 37°C until IPTG addition, followed by induction at 28°C, thereby reducing the overall process time. Under this condition, expression was assessed using central composite design for two variables: cell growth at which LigB (131-645aa) was induced (absorbance at 600 nm between 0.75 and 2.0) and inducer concentration (0.1 mM to 1 mM IPTG). Both variables influenced cell growth and protein expression. Induction at the final exponential growth phase in shaking flasks with Absind
= 2.0 yielded higher cell concentrations and LigB (131-645aa) productivities. IPTG concentration had a negative effect and could be ten-fold lower than the concentration commonly used in molecular biology (1 mM), while keeping expression at similar levels and inducing less damage to cell growth. The expression of LigB (131-645aa) was associated with cell growth. The induction at the end of the exponential phase using 0.1 mM IPTG at 28°C for 4 h was also performed in microbioreactors, reaching higher cell densities and 970 mg/L protein. LigB (131-645aa) was purified by nickel affinity chromatography with 91% homogeneity. Conclusions It was possible to assess the effects and interactions of the induction variables on the expression of soluble LigB (131-645aa) using experimental design, with a view to improving process productivity and reducing the production costs of a rapid test for leptospirosis diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leites Larentis
- Fiocruz, Bio-Manguinhos, Vice Directory of Technological Development, Laboratory of Recombinant Technologies (LATER), Av, Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21,040-360, Brazil.
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19
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Collins T, Barroca M, Branca F, Padrão J, Machado R, Casal M. High Level Biosynthesis of a Silk-Elastin-like Protein in E. coli. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:2701-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5005564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Collins
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Mário Barroca
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Branca
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Jorge Padrão
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Raul Machado
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Margarida Casal
- Centre
of Molecular and Environmental
Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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20
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Tripathi NK, Priya R, Shrivastava A. Production of recombinant Chikungunya virus envelope 2 protein in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2461-71. [PMID: 24337252 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya, a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), has drawn substantial attention after its reemergence causing massive outbreaks in tropical regions of Asia and Africa. The recombinant envelope 2 (rE2) protein of CHIKV is a potential diagnostic as well as vaccine candidate. Development of cost-effective cultivation media and appropriate culture conditions are generally favorable for large-scale production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. The effects of medium composition and cultivation conditions on the production of recombinant Chikungunya virus E2 (rCHIKV E2) protein were investigated in shake flask culture as well as batch cultivation of Escherichia coli. Further, the fed-batch process was also carried out for high cell density cultivation of E. coli expressing rE2 protein. Expression of rCHIKV E2 protein in E. coli was induced with 1 mM isopropyl-beta-thiogalactoside (IPTG) at ~23 g dry cell weight (DCW) per liter of culture and yielded an insoluble protein aggregating to form inclusion bodies. The final DCW after fed-batch cultivation was ~35 g/l. The inclusion bodies were isolated, solubilized in 8 M urea and purified through affinity chromatography to give a final product yield of ~190 mg/l. The reactivity of purified E2 protein was confirmed by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These results show that rE2 protein of CHIKV may be used as a diagnostic reagent or for further prophylactic studies. This approach of producing rE2 protein in E. coli with high yield may also offer a promising method for production of other viral recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, 474002, India,
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21
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Collins T, Azevedo-Silva J, da Costa A, Branca F, Machado R, Casal M. Batch production of a silk-elastin-like protein in E. coli BL21(DE3): key parameters for optimisation. Microb Cell Fact 2013; 12:21. [PMID: 23446293 PMCID: PMC3623843 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-12-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Silk-elastin-like proteins (SELPs) combining the physicochemical and biological properties of silk and elastin have a high potential for use in the pharmaceutical, regenerative medicine and materials fields. Their development for use is however restrained by their production levels. Here we describe the batch production optimisation for a novel recently described SELP in the pET-E. coli BL21(DE3) expression system. Both a comprehensive empirical approach examining all process variables (media, induction time and period, temperature, pH, aeration and agitation) and a detailed characterisation of the bioprocess were carried out in an attempt to maximise production with this system. Results This study shows that maximum SELP volumetric production is achieved at 37°C using terrific broth at pH 6–7.5, a shake flask volume to medium volume ratio of 10:1 and an agitation speed of 200 rpm. Maximum induction is attained at the beginning of the stationary phase with 0.5 mM IPTG and an induction period of at least 4 hours. We show that the selection agents ampicillin and carbenicillin are rapidly degraded early in the cultivation and that plasmid stability decreases dramatically on induction. Furthermore, acetate accumulates during the bioprocess to levels which are shown to be inhibitory to the host cells. Using our optimised conditions, 500 mg/L of purified SELP was obtained. Conclusions We have identified the optimal conditions for the shake flask production of a novel SELP with the final production levels obtained being the highest reported to date. While this study is focused on SELPs, we believe that it could also be of general interest to any study where the pET (ampicillin selective marker)-E. coli BL21(DE3) expression system is used. In particular, we show that induction time is critical in this system with, in contrast to that which is generally believed, optimal production being obtained by induction at the beginning of the stationary phase. Furthermore, we believe that we are at or near the maximum productivity for the system used, with rapid degradation of the selective agent by plasmid encoded β-lactamase, plasmid instability on induction and high acetate production levels being the principal limiting factors for further improved production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Collins
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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22
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Gauci C, Jayashi C, Lightowlers MW. Vaccine development against the Taenia solium parasite: the role of recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli. Bioengineered 2012. [PMID: 23196744 DOI: 10.4161/bioe.23003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Taenia solium is a zoonotic parasite that causes cysticercosis. The parasite is a major cause of human disease in impoverished communities where it is transmitted to humans from pigs which act as intermediate hosts. Vaccination of pigs to prevent transmission of T. solium to humans is an approach that has been investigated to control the disease. A recombinant vaccine antigen, TSOL18, has been remarkably successful at reducing infection of pigs with T. solium in several experimental challenge trials. The vaccine has been shown to eliminate transmission of naturally acquired T. solium in a field trial conducted in Africa. We recently reported that the vaccine was also effective in a field trial conducted in Peru. The TSOL18 recombinant antigen for each of these trials has been produced by expression in Escherichia coli. Here we discuss research that has been undertaken on the TSOL18 antigen and related antigens with a focus on improved methods of preparation of recombinant TSOL18 and optimized expression in Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gauci
- University of Melbourne; Faculty of Veterinary Science; Werribee, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; University of Queensland; Queensland, Australia
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23
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Heath DD, Robinson C, Lightowlers MW. Maternal antibody parameters of cattle and calves receiving EG95 vaccine to protect against Echinococcus granulosus. Vaccine 2012; 30:7321-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Development of a pilot-scale production process and characterization of a recombinant Japanese encephalitis virus envelope domain III protein expressed in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1179-89. [PMID: 22562165 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the most important cause of encephalitis in most Asian regions. JEV envelope domain III (JEV EDIII) protein is involved in binding to host receptors, and it contains specific epitopes that elicit virus-neutralizing antibodies. A highly immunogenic, recombinant JEV EDIII protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. In order to take this vaccine candidate for further studies, recombinant JEV EDIII protein was produced employing a pilot-scale fermentation process. Recombinant JEV EDIII protein expressed as inclusion bodies (IBs) was solubilized in 8 M urea and renatured by on-column refolding protocol in the presence of glycerol. A three-step purification process comprising of affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) based on salt, and IEX based on pH was developed. About ~124 mg of highly purified and biologically active EDIII protein was obtained from 100 g of biomass. Biological function of the purified EDIII protein was confirmed by their ability to generate EDIII-specific antibodies in mice that could neutralize the virus. These findings suggest that recombinant JEV EDIII protein in combination with compatible adjuvant is highly immunogenic and elicit high-titer neutralizing antibodies. Thus, recombinant JEV EDIII protein produced at large scale can be a potential vaccine candidate.
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Heath DD, Robinson C, Shakes T, Huang Y, Gulnur T, Shi B, Zhang Z, Anderson GA, Lightowlers MW. Vaccination of bovines against Echinococcus granulosus (cystic echinococcosis). Vaccine 2012; 30:3076-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tripathi NK, Kumar JS, Biswal KC, Rao PVL. Production of recombinant nonstructural 1 protein in Escherichia coli for early detection of Japanese encephalitis virus infection. Microb Biotechnol 2012; 5:599-606. [PMID: 22452851 PMCID: PMC3815872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2012.00344.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis is a major public health problem in South-East Asia and Western Pacific countries. The recombinant nonstructural 1 (rNS1) protein of Japanese encephalitis virus is a potential diagnostic as well as vaccine candidate. Developments of cost-effective and simple culture media as well as appropriate culture conditions are generally favourable for large-scale production of recombinant proteins. The effects of medium composition and cultivation conditions on the production of rNS1 protein were investigated in shake flask culture as well as batch cultivation of Escherichia coli. Further, the fed-batch process was also carried out for high cell density cultivation (HCDC) of E. coli expressing rNS1 protein. Isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) was used to induce the expression of rNS1 protein at ∼ 13 g dry cell weight per litre of culture. The final dry cell weight after fed-batch cultivation was ∼ 17 g l(-1) . The Inclusion bodies were isolated and purified through affinity chromatography to give a final product yield of ∼ 142 mg l(-1) . The reactivity of purified protein was confirmed by Western blotting and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. These results show that rNS1 protein may be used as a diagnostic reagent or for further prophylactic studies. This approach of producing rNS1 protein in E. coli with high yield may also offer promising method for production of other viral recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh K Tripathi
- Bioprocess Scale up Facility, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474002, India.
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27
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Larentis AL, Nicolau JFMQ, Argondizzo APC, Galler R, Rodrigues MI, Medeiros MA. Optimization of medium formulation and seed conditions for expression of mature PsaA (pneumococcal surface adhesin A) in Escherichia coli using a sequential experimental design strategy and response surface methodology. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 39:897-908. [PMID: 22366767 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PsaA, a candidate antigen for a vaccine against pneumonia, is well-conserved in all Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. A sequence of two-level experimental designs was used to evaluate medium composition and seed conditions to optimize the expression of soluble mature PsaA in E. coli. A face-centered central composite design was first used to evaluate the effects of yeast extract (5 and 23.6 g/L), tryptone (0 and 10 g/L), and glucose (1 and 10 g/L), with replicate experiments at the central point (14.3 g/L yeast extract, 5 g/L tryptone, 5.5 g/L glucose). Next, a central composite design was used to analyze the influence of NaCl concentration (0, 5, and 10 g/L) compared with potassium salts (9.4 g/L K(2)HPO(4)/2.2 g/L KH(2)PO(4)), and seed growth (7 and 16 h). Tryptone had no significant effect and was removed from the medium. Yeast extract and glucose were optimized at their intermediate concentrations, resulting in an animal-derived material-free culture medium containing 15 g/L yeast extract, 8 g/L glucose, 50 μg/mL kanamycin, and 0.4% glycerol, yielding 1 g/L rPsaA after 16 h induction at 25°C in shake flasks at 200 rpm. All the seed age and salt conditions produced similar yields, indicating that no variation had a statistically significant effect on expression. Instead of growing the seed culture for 16 h (until saturation), the process can be conducted with 7 h seed growth until the exponential phase. These results enhanced the process productivity and reduced costs, with 5 g/L NaCl being used rather than potassium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leites Larentis
- VDTEC-Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Bio-Manguinhos/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil.
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HEATH DD, KOOLAARD J. Serological monitoring of protection of sheep against Echinococcus granulosus induced by the EG95 vaccine. Parasite Immunol 2011; 34:40-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Gauci C, Jenkins D, Lightowlers MW. Strategies for Optimal Expression of Vaccine Antigens from Taeniid Cestode Parasites in Escherichia coli. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 48:277-89. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-010-9368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Larentis AL, Sampaio HDCC, Martins OB, Rodrigues MI, Alves TLM. Influence of induction conditions on the expression of carbazole dioxygenase components (CarAa, CarAc, and CarAd) from Pseudomonas stutzeri in recombinant Escherichia coli using experimental design. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 38:1045-54. [PMID: 20953895 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase (CarA), the first enzyme in the carbazole degradation pathway used by Pseudomonas sp., was expressed in E. coli under different conditions defined by experimental design. This enzyme depends on the coexistence of three components containing [2Fe-2S] clusters: CarAa, CarAc, and CarAd. The catalytic site is present in CarAa. The genes corresponding to components of carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase from P. stutzeri were cloned and expressed by salt induction in E. coli BL21-SI (a host that allows the enhancement of overexpressed proteins in the soluble fraction), using the vector pDEST™14. The expression of these proteins was performed under different induction conditions (cell concentration, temperature, and time), with the help of two-level factorial design. Cell concentration at induction (measured by absorbance at 600 nm) was tested at 0.5 and 0.8. After salt induction, expression was performed at 30 and 37°C, for 4 h and 24 h. Protein expression was evaluated by densitometry analysis. Expression of CarAa was enhanced by induction at a lower cell concentration and temperature and over a longer time, according to the analysis of the experimental design results. The results were validated at Abs (ind) = 0.3, 25°C, and 24 h, at which CarAa expression was three times higher than under the standard condition. The behavior of CarAc and CarAd was the inverse, with the best co-expression condition tested being the standard one (Abs (ind) = 0.5, T = 37°C, and t = 4 h). The functionality of the proteins expressed in E. coli was confirmed by the degradation of 20 ppm carbazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leites Larentis
- Laboratório de Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), G115, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Caixa Postal 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21945-970, Brazil.
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Development of a simple fed-batch process for the high-yield production of recombinant Japanese encephalitis virus protein. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 86:1795-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pilot-scale production and purification of a staphylokinase-based fusion protein over-expressed in Escherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-008-0085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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