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Corbion C, Smith-Ravin J, Marcelin O, Bouajila J. An Overview of Spirits Made from Sugarcane Juice. Molecules 2023; 28:6810. [PMID: 37836653 PMCID: PMC10574467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the family of sugarcane spirits, those made from juice are diverse and often produced in a traditional way. They must be distinguished from other sugarcane spirits, which are more widely produced and made from other sugarcane derivatives, such as molasses. These alcoholic beverages contribute significantly to the socio-economic development of many countries. However, despite ancestral know-how, there is a lack of contemporary data required to characterize some sugarcane juice spirits (SCJSs) and to overcome the current and future threats that producers will have to face. While preserving their authenticity and specificity, SCJS producers expect to improve and ensure sufficient yield and a superior quality product. Even if the scientific knowledge on these spirits is not comparable, the available data could help identify the critical points to be improved in the making process. This review aims to present the main SCJSs encountered worldwide, defining their specific features through some important aspects with, notably, references to the complex notion of terroir. To continue, we discuss the main steps of the SCJS process from harvesting to aging. Finally, we expose an inventory of SCJS's chemical compositions and of their sensory description that define the specific organoleptic properties of these spirits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Corbion
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS-INPT-UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
| | - Juliette Smith-Ravin
- Groupe BIOSPHERES, Campus de Schoelcher, 97275 Schoelcher, Martinique, France; (J.S.-R.); (O.M.)
| | - Odile Marcelin
- Groupe BIOSPHERES, Campus de Schoelcher, 97275 Schoelcher, Martinique, France; (J.S.-R.); (O.M.)
| | - Jalloul Bouajila
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS-INPT-UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France;
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Repeated-Batch Ethanol Fermentation from Sweet Sorghum Stem Juice under a Very High Gravity Condition Using a Stirred Tank Bioreactor Coupled with a Column Bioreactor by Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The ethanol fermentation efficiency of sweet sorghum stem juice (SSJ) under a very high gravity (VHG) condition (250 g/L of sugar) was improved by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae SSJKKU01, using a stirred tank bioreactor (STR) coupled with a column bioreactor (CR). Dried rattan pieces (as carriers for cell immobilization) at 50% of the working volume of the CR were suitable for use in a batch ethanol fermentation. The average ethanol concentration (PE) and ethanol productivity (QP) of repeated-batch fermentation in the CR for eight successive cycles were 109.85 g/L and 1.88 g/L⋅h, respectively. Then an STR coupled with a CR was applied for repeated-batch ethanol fermentation in two systems. System I was an STR (1.8 L working volume), and System II was an STR (1 L) coupled with a CR, referred to as a CR-F (0.8 L). Both systems were connected to a new CR, called CR-I, containing sterile dried rattan pieces at 50% of its working volume. Active yeast cells were inoculated only into the STR, and the medium circulation rate between bioreactors was 5.2 mL/min. The results showed that at least eight successive cycles could be operated with an average PE of 108.51 g/L for System I and 109.44 g/L for System II. The average QP and SC values of both systems were also similar, with values of 1.87 to 1.88 g/L⋅h and 93 to 94%, respectively. The morphology of the carriers with and without immobilized cells before and after the fermentation was investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that a repeated-batch fermentation by immobilized cells on rattan pieces, using an STR coupled with a CR, was successfully used to produce high levels of ethanol from SSJ under a VHG condition.
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Shenbagamuthuraman V, Patel A, Khanna S, Banerjee E, Parekh S, Karthick C, Ashok B, Velvizhi G, Nanthagopal K, Ong HC. State of art of valorising of diverse potential feedstocks for the production of alcohols and ethers: Current changes and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131587. [PMID: 34303047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alcohols could be the biggest factor for the improvement of world biofuel economy in the present century due to their excellent properties compared to petroleum products. The primary concerns of sustainable alcohol production for meeting the growing energy demand owing to the selection of viable feedstock and this might enhance the opportunities for developing numerous advanced techniques. In this review, the valorization of alcohol production from several production routes has been exposed by covering the traditional routes to the present state of the art technologies. Even though the fossil fuel conversion could be dominant method for methanol production, many recent innovations like photo electrochemical synthesis and electrolysis methods might play vital role in production of renewable methanol in future. There have been several production routes for production of ethanol and among which the fermentation of lignocellulose biomass would be the ultimate choice for large scale shoot up. The greenhouse gas recovery in the form of alcohols through electrochemistry technique and hydrogenation method are the important methods for commercialization of alcohols in future. It is also observed that algae based renewable bio-alcohols is highly influenced by carbohydrate content and sustainable approaches in algae conversion to bio-alcohols would bring greater demand in future market. There is a lack of innovation in higher alcohols production in single process and this could be bounded by combining dehydrogenation and decarboxylation techniques. Finally, this review enlists the opportunities and challenges of existing alcohols production and recommended the possible routes for making significant enhancement in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shenbagamuthuraman
- Engine Testing Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Adamya Patel
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Shaurya Khanna
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Eleena Banerjee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - Shubh Parekh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - C Karthick
- Engine Testing Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India
| | - B Ashok
- Engine Testing Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
| | - G Velvizhi
- CO(2) Research and Green Technology Center, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - K Nanthagopal
- Engine Testing Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
| | - Hwai Chyuan Ong
- School of Information, Systems and Modelling, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Sriputorn B, Laopaiboon P, Phukoetphim N, Polsokchuak N, Butkun K, Laopaiboon L. Enhancement of ethanol production efficiency in repeated-batch fermentation from sweet sorghum stem juice: Effect of initial sugar, nitrogen and aeration. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Nikolaou A, Kourkoutas Y. Exploitation of olive oil mill wastewaters and molasses for ethanol production using immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7401-7408. [PMID: 29280099 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An alcoholic fermentation process is described, involving molasses, the main by-product of the sugar industry, blended with crude olive oil mill wastewaters (OOMWs) and immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells on delignified cellulosic material (DCM). For comparison, fermentations with free cells were also carried out. Initially, the optimum blending mixture for molasses dilution was sought after, while at a second step repeated batch fermentations at a temperature range 5-30 °C were performed to monitor the operational stability of the system. A 1/1 ratio of OOMWs/tap water blending mixture and cell immobilization resulted in higher fermentation parameters. Ethanol concentration and daily productivity values recorded at temperatures ≥ 20 °C (up to 67.8 g L-1 and 67.6 g L-1 d-1, respectively) could be adopted by the industrial sector, although the decline in fermentation efficiency observed, probably due to the toxicity effects of OOMWs. Finally, the potential of OOMWs treatment for ethanol production is highlighted and assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 681 00, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Yiannis Kourkoutas
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 681 00, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Mohd Azhar SH, Abdulla R, Jambo SA, Marbawi H, Gansau JA, Mohd Faik AA, Rodrigues KF. Yeasts in sustainable bioethanol production: A review. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 10:52-61. [PMID: 29114570 PMCID: PMC5637245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioethanol has been identified as the mostly used biofuel worldwide since it significantly contributes to the reduction of crude oil consumption and environmental pollution. It can be produced from various types of feedstocks such as sucrose, starch, lignocellulosic and algal biomass through fermentation process by microorganisms. Compared to other types of microoganisms, yeasts especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the common microbes employed in ethanol production due to its high ethanol productivity, high ethanol tolerance and ability of fermenting wide range of sugars. However, there are some challenges in yeast fermentation which inhibit ethanol production such as high temperature, high ethanol concentration and the ability to ferment pentose sugars. Various types of yeast strains have been used in fermentation for ethanol production including hybrid, recombinant and wild-type yeasts. Yeasts can directly ferment simple sugars into ethanol while other type of feedstocks must be converted to fermentable sugars before it can be fermented to ethanol. The common processes involves in ethanol production are pretreatment, hydrolysis and fermentation. Production of bioethanol during fermentation depends on several factors such as temperature, sugar concentration, pH, fermentation time, agitation rate, and inoculum size. The efficiency and productivity of ethanol can be enhanced by immobilizing the yeast cells. This review highlights the different types of yeast strains, fermentation process, factors affecting bioethanol production and immobilization of yeasts for better bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hajar Mohd Azhar
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Rahmath Abdulla
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
- Energy Research Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Azmah Jambo
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Hartinie Marbawi
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jualang Azlan Gansau
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Ainol Azifa Mohd Faik
- Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Kenneth Francis Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Todhanakasem T. Developing microbial biofilm as a robust biocatalyst and its challenges. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1295230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsaporn Todhanakasem
- Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Biotechnology, Assumption University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Kinetic models for batch and continuous ethanol fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by yeast immobilized on sweet sorghum stalks. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Canseco Grellet M, Castagnaro A, Dantur K, De Boeck G, Ahmed P, Cárdenas G, Welin B, Ruiz R. A modified indirect mathematical model for evaluation of ethanol production efficiency in industrial-scale continuous fermentation processes. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:1026-37. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.A. Canseco Grellet
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - A. Castagnaro
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - K.I. Dantur
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - G. De Boeck
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - P.M. Ahmed
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - G.J. Cárdenas
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - B. Welin
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
| | - R.M. Ruiz
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA); Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC); Las Talitas Tucumán Argentina
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García-Martínez T, Moreno J, Mauricio JC, Peinado R. Natural sweet wine production by repeated use of yeast cells immobilized on Penicillium chrysogenum. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Nguyen HP, Du Le H, Man Le VV. Effect of Ethanol Stress on Fermentation Performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells Immobilized on Nypa fruticans Leaf Sheath Pieces. Food Technol Biotechnol 2015; 53:96-101. [PMID: 27904338 PMCID: PMC5068435 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.53.01.15.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized on Nypa fruticans leaf sheath pieces were tested for ethanol tolerance (0, 23.7, 47.4, 71.0 and 94.7 g/L). Increase in the initial ethanol concentration from 23.7 to 94.7 g/L decreased the average growth rate and concentration of ethanol produced by the immobilized yeast by 5.2 and 4.1 times, respectively. However, in the medium with initial ethanol concentration of 94.7 g/L, the average growth rate, glucose uptake rate and ethanol formation rate of the immobilized yeast were 3.7, 2.5 and 3.5 times, respectively, higher than those of the free yeast. The ethanol stress inhibited ethanol formation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and the yeast responded to the stress by changing the fatty acid composition of cellular membrane. The adsorption of yeast cells on Nypa fruticans leaf sheath pieces of the growth medium increased the saturated fatty acid (C16:0 and C18:0) mass fraction in the cellular membrane and that improved alcoholic fermentation performance of the immobilized yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Phong Nguyen
- Department of Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology,
268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, 70000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Du Le
- Department of Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology,
268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, 70000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Van Viet Man Le
- Department of Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology,
268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, 70000 Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Ma J, Li F, Liu R, Liang L, Ji Y, Wei C, Jiang M, Jia H, Ouyang P. Succinic acid production from sucrose and molasses by metabolically engineered E. coli using a cell surface display system. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Bonin S. Effects of magnesium ions on both VHG batch and continuous fruit wine fermentations. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Bonin
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Food Evaluation, Faculty of Food Sciences; Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW; ul. Nowoursynowska 159C PL 02676 Warszawa Poland
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14
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast immobilized on marrow stem sunflower and polyacrylamide hydrogels. OPEN CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-014-0508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBiocatalysts with microorganisms immobilized on solid carriers could provide the solution for development of continuous industrial processes for ethanol obtaining by fermentation of sugars. In this study, modified polyacrylamide hydrogels and marrow stem sunflower are used as supports for Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast immobilization. The obtained structures are used for fermentation of molasses in batch systems. The free yeast cells are used as reference. The modification of polyacrilamide matrix with (2-hydroxyethyl)methacrylate has a positive effect on structure pore uniformity and fermentation performance. The mechanical properties of the obtained biocatalysts are compared. The novel natural matrix has net superior compression strength.
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Xu W, Liang L, Song Z, Zhu M. Continuous ethanol production from sugarcane molasses using a newly designed combined bioreactor system by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2014; 61:289-96. [PMID: 24164318 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Continuous ethanol fermentation using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), immobilized yeast, and sugarcane molasses (22 and 35°Bx) with 8 g/L urea was run in a combined bioreactor system consisting of three-stage tubular bioreactors in series. The effect of the dilution rate (D) at 0.0037, 0.0075, 0.0117, 0.0145, 0.018, and 0.0282 H(-1) on continuous ethanol fermentation was investigated in this study. The results showed that D had a significant effect on fermentation efficiency, sugar-utilized rate, ethanol yield, and ethanol productivity in this designed continuous fermentation system. The D had a linear relationship with residual sugar and ethanol production under certain conditions. The highest fermentation efficiency of 83.26%, ethanol yield of 0.44 g/g, and the lowest residual sugar content of 6.50 g/L were achieved at 0.0037 H(-1) in the fermentation of 22°Bx molasses, indicating that the immobilization of cells using PVA, sugarcane pieces, and cotton towel is feasible and the established continuous system performs well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxia Xu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Panyu, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zabed H, Faruq G, Sahu JN, Azirun MS, Hashim R, Nasrulhaq Boyce A. Bioethanol production from fermentable sugar juice. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:957102. [PMID: 24715820 PMCID: PMC3970039 DOI: 10.1155/2014/957102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioethanol production from renewable sources to be used in transportation is now an increasing demand worldwide due to continuous depletion of fossil fuels, economic and political crises, and growing concern on environmental safety. Mainly, three types of raw materials, that is, sugar juice, starchy crops, and lignocellulosic materials, are being used for this purpose. This paper will investigate ethanol production from free sugar containing juices obtained from some energy crops such as sugarcane, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum that are the most attractive choice because of their cost-effectiveness and feasibility to use. Three types of fermentation process (batch, fed-batch, and continuous) are employed in ethanol production from these sugar juices. The most common microorganism used in fermentation from its history is the yeast, especially, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, though the bacterial species Zymomonas mobilis is also potentially used nowadays for this purpose. A number of factors related to the fermentation greatly influences the process and their optimization is the key point for efficient ethanol production from these feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossain Zabed
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Golam Faruq
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Narayan Sahu
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Institut Teknologi Brunei, Tungku Gadong, P.O. Box 2909, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Mohd Sofian Azirun
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosli Hashim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amru Nasrulhaq Boyce
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Benjamin Y, García-Aparicio MP, Görgens JF. Impact of cultivar selection and process optimization on ethanol yield from different varieties of sugarcane. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:60. [PMID: 24725458 PMCID: PMC3997192 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of 'energycane' varieties of sugarcane is underway, targeting the use of both sugar juice and bagasse for ethanol production. The current study evaluated a selection of such 'energycane' cultivars for the combined ethanol yields from juice and bagasse, by optimization of dilute acid pretreatment optimization of bagasse for sugar yields. METHOD A central composite design under response surface methodology was used to investigate the effects of dilute acid pretreatment parameters followed by enzymatic hydrolysis on the combined sugar yield of bagasse samples. The pressed slurry generated from optimum pretreatment conditions (maximum combined sugar yield) was used as the substrate during batch and fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) processes at different solid loadings and enzyme dosages, aiming to reach an ethanol concentration of at least 40 g/L. RESULTS Significant variations were observed in sugar yields (xylose, glucose and combined sugar yield) from pretreatment-hydrolysis of bagasse from different cultivars of sugarcane. Up to 33% difference in combined sugar yield between best performing varieties and industrial bagasse was observed at optimal pretreatment-hydrolysis conditions. Significant improvement in overall ethanol yield after SSF of the pretreated bagasse was also observed from the best performing varieties (84.5 to 85.6%) compared to industrial bagasse (74.5%). The ethanol concentration showed inverse correlation with lignin content and the ratio of xylose to arabinose, but it showed positive correlation with glucose yield from pretreatment-hydrolysis. The overall assessment of the cultivars showed greater improvement in the final ethanol concentration (26.9 to 33.9%) and combined ethanol yields per hectare (83 to 94%) for the best performing varieties with respect to industrial sugarcane. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the selection of sugarcane variety to optimize ethanol production from bagasse can be achieved without adversely affecting juice ethanol and cane yield, thus maintaining first generation ethanol production levels while maximizing second generation ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Benjamin
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Maria P García-Aparicio
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
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Tran VN, Le VVM. Comparison of alcoholic fermentation performance of the free and immobilized yeast on water hyacinth stem pieces in medium with different glucose contents. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:963-72. [PMID: 24122709 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was performed in medium with different glucose concentrations. As the glucose content augmented from 200 to 250 g/L, the growth of the immobilized cells did not change while that of the free cells was reduced. At higher glucose concentration (300, 350, and 400 g/L), the cell proliferation significantly decreased and the residual sugar level sharply augmented for both the immobilized and free yeast. The specific growth rate of the immobilized cells was 27–65 % higher than that of the free cells, and the final ethanol concentration in the immobilized yeast cultures was 9.7–18.5 % higher than that in the free yeast cultures. However, the immobilized yeast demonstrated similar or slightly lower ethanol yield in comparison with the free yeast. High fermentation rate of the immobilized yeast was associated with low unsaturation degree of fatty acids in cellular membrane. Adsorption of S. cerevisiae cells on water hyacinth stem pieces in the nutritional medium decreased the unsaturation degree of membrane lipid and the immobilized yeast always exhibited lower unsaturation degree of membrane lipid than the free yeast in ethanol fermentation.
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Impact of High Temperature on Ethanol Fermentation by Kluyveromyces marxianus Immobilized on Banana Leaf Sheath Pieces. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:806-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Use of Different Extracts of Coffee Pulp for the Production of Bioethanol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 169:673-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Watanabe I, Miyata N, Ando A, Shiroma R, Tokuyasu K, Nakamura T. Ethanol production by repeated-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of alkali-treated rice straw using immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 123:695-8. [PMID: 22939189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Repeated-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of alkali-treated rice straw using immobilized yeast was developed to produce ethanol. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were immobilized by entrapping in photocrosslinkable resin beads, and we evaluated the possibility of its reuse and ethanol production ability. In batch SSF of 20% (w/w) rice straw, the ethanol yields based on the glucan content of the immobilized cells were slightly low (76.9% of the theoretical yield) compared to free cells (85.2% of the theoretical yield). In repeated-batch SSF of 20% (w/w) rice straw, stable ethanol production of approx. 38gL(-1) and an ethanol yield of 84.7% were obtained. The immobilizing carrier could be reused without disintegration or any negative effect on ethanol production ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Watanabe
- National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Extraction of pigment from sugarcane juice alcohol wastewater and evaluation of its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Food Sci Biotechnol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-012-0197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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23
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Repeated-Batch Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Immobilized on Sweet Sorghum Stalks. ENERGIES 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/en5041215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zhu ZS, Zhu MJ, Xu WX, Liang L. Production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse using NH4OH-H2O2 pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-011-0472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice in repeated-batch fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized on corncob. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 28:559-66. [PMID: 22806851 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol fermentation from sweet sorghum juice containing 240 g/l of total sugar by Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5048 and S. cerevisiae NP 01 immobilized on low-cost support materials, corncob pieces, was investigated. In batch fermentation, S. cerevisiae TISTR 5048 immobilized on 6 × 6 × 6 mm(3) corncobs gave higher ethanol production than those immobilized on 12 × 12 × 12 mm(3) corncobs in terms of ethanol concentration (P), yield (Y ( p/s )) and productivity (Q ( p )) with the values of 102.39 ± 1.11 g/l, 0.48 ± 0.01 and 2.13 ± 0.02 g/l h, respectively. In repeated-batch fermentation, the yeasts immobilized on the 6 × 6 × 6 mm(3) corncobs could be used at least eight successive cycles with the average P, Y ( p/s ) and Q ( p ) of 97.19 ± 5.02 g/l, 0.48 ± 0.02 and 2.02 ± 0.11 g/l h, respectively. Under the same immobilization and repeated-batch fermentation conditions, P (90.75 ± 3.05 g/l) and Q ( p ) (1.89 ± 0.06 g/l h) obtained from S. cerevisiae NP 01 were significantly lower than those from S. cerevisiae TISTR 5048 (P < 0.05), while Y ( p/s ) from both strains were not different. S. cerevisiae TISTR 5048 immobilized on the corncobs also gave significantly higher P, Y ( p/s ) and Q ( p ) than those immobilized on calcium alginate beads (P < 0.05).
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Improvement of ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae by enhancement of biomass and nutrient supplementation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 164:1237-45. [PMID: 21373793 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of ethanol production through addition of substratum and protein-lipid additives was studied. Oilseed meal extract was used as protein lipid supplement, while rice husk was used as substratum. The effect of oil seed meal extract and rice husk was observed at varying concentration of medium sugar from 8% to 20%. Of the three oil seed meal extracts used, viz. groundnut, safflower, and sunflower, safflower was found to be most efficient. The use of oilseed meal extract at 4% was found to enhance ethanol production by almost 50% and enhanced sugar tolerance from 8% to 16%. A further increase of almost 48% ethanol was observed on addition of 2 g of rice husk per 100 ml of medium. An increase in cell mass with better sugar attenuation was observed. Further optimization was sought through use of sugarcane juice as the sugar source. While 8.9% ethanol yield with 75% sugar attenuation was observed at 20% sucrose concentration, it was found to increase to 12% (v/v) with almost complete utilization of medium sugar when sugarcane juice was used. Cell weight was also observed to increase by 26%.
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Razmovski R, Vučurović V. Ethanol production from sugar beet molasses by S. cerevisiae entrapped in an alginate-maize stem ground tissue matrix. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 48:378-85. [PMID: 22112953 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new alginate-maize stem ground tissue matrix was developed as a Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrier for ethanol fermentation from sugar beet molasses. There were several fermentation procedures in the present study: using free cells and alginate-entrapped cells with and without maize stem ground tissue supplementation (F; F+C; AB; AB+C), and using a new combined alginate-maize stem ground tissue carrier (ABC). It was found that addition of maize stem ground tissue meal (C), with honeycomb configuration, provided high surface areas for cell attachment and biofilm growth, and also increased alginate matrix porosity, enabling better mass transfer characteristic, better physical strength and stability of beads. The highest values of process parameters were obtained in the case of new carrier (ABC): the ethanol concentration of 60.36 g/l, percentage of the theoretical ethanol yield of 96.56%, ethanol yield of 0.493 g/g and the volumetric ethanol productivity of 2.51 g/lh. The medium supplementation with maize stem ground tissue significantly decreased acetaldehyde and acetic acid content, did not affect fusel alcohol and ethylacetate content of the distillate.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Razmovski
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bul. Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Rolz C, de León R. Converting developing and mature sugarcane carbohydrates into ethanol. Eng Life Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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29
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Production and Characterization of Wine with Sugarcane Piece Immobilized Yeast Biocatalyst. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-009-0321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pacheco AM, Gondim DR, Gonçalves LRB. Ethanol production by fermentation using immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in cashew apple bagasse. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 161:209-17. [PMID: 19798473 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, cashew apple bagasse (CAB) was used for Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilization. The support was prepared through a treatment with a solution of 3% HCl, and delignification with 2% NaOH was also conducted. Optical micrographs showed that high populations of yeast cells adhered to pre-treated CAB surface. Ten consecutive fermentations of cashew apple juice for ethanol production were carried out using immobilized yeasts. High ethanol productivity was observed from the third fermentation assay until the tenth fermentation. Ethanol concentrations (about 19.82-37.83 g L(-1) in average value) and ethanol productivities (about 3.30-6.31 g L(-1) h(-1)) were high and stable, and residual sugar concentrations were low in almost all fermentations (around 3.00 g L(-1)) with conversions ranging from 44.80% to 96.50%, showing efficiency (85.30-98.52%) and operational stability of the biocatalyst for ethanol fermentation. Results showed that cashew apple bagasse is an efficient support for cell immobilization aiming at ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Monteiro Pacheco
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60455-760, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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