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Ben Abdallah M, Chamkha M, Karray F, Sayadi S. Microbial diversity in polyextreme salt flats and their potential applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11371-11405. [PMID: 38180652 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31644-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Recent geological, hydrochemical, and mineralogical studies performed on hypersaline salt flats have given insights into similar geo-morphologic features on Mars. These salt-encrusted depressions are widely spread across the Earth, where they are characterized by high salt concentrations, intense UV radiation, high evaporation, and low precipitation. Their surfaces are completely dry in summer; intermittent flooding occurs in winter turning them into transitory hypersaline lakes. Thanks to new approaches such as culture-dependent, culture-independent, and metagenomic-based methods, it is important to study microbial life under polyextreme conditions and understand what lives in these dynamic ecosystems and how they function. Regarding these particular features, new halophilic microorganisms have been isolated from some salt flats and identified as excellent producers of primary and secondary metabolites and granules such as halocins, enzymes, carotenoids, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and exopolysaccharides. Additionally, halophilic microorganisms are implemented in heavy metal bioremediation and hypersaline wastewater treatment. As a result, there is a growing interest in the distribution of halophilic microorganisms around the world that can be looked upon as good models to develop sustainable biotechnological processes for all fields. This review provides insights into diversity, ecology, metabolism, and genomics of halophiles in hypersaline salt flats worldwide as well as their potential uses in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ben Abdallah
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Chamkha
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Karray
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocesses, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, BP 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Biotechnology Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Zhang J, Luo Z, Li N, Yu Y, Cai M, Zheng L, Zhu F, Huang F, K Tomberlin J, Rehman KU, Yu Z, Zhang J. Cellulose-degrading bacteria improve conversion efficiency in the co-digestion of dairy and chicken manure by black soldier fly larvae. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119156. [PMID: 37837764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) have potential utility in converting livestock manure into larval biomass as a protein source for livestock feed. However, BSFL have limited ability to convert dairy manure (DM) rich in lignocellulose. Our previous research demonstrated that feeding BSFL with mixtures of 40% dairy manure and 60% chicken manure (DM40) provides a novel strategy for significantly improving their efficiency in converting DM. However, the mechanisms underlying the efficient conversion of DM40 by BSFL are unclear. In this study, we conducted a holistic study on the taxonomic stucture and potential functions of microbiota in the larval gut and manure during the DM and DM40 conversion by BSFL, as well as the effects of BSFL on cellulosic biodegradation and biomass production. Results showed that BSFL can consume cellulose and other nutrients more effectively and harvest more biomass in a shorter conversion cycle in the DM40 system. The larval gut in the DM40 system yielded a higher microbiota complexity. Bacillus and Amphibacillus in the BSFL gut were strongly correlated with the larval cellulose degradation capacity. Furthermore, in vitro screening results for culturable cellulolytic microbes from the larval guts showed that the DM40 system isolated more cellulolytic microbes. A key bacterial strain (DM40L-LB110; Bacillus subtilis) with high cellulase activity from the larval gut of DM40 was validated for potential industrial applications. Therefore, mixing an appropriate proportion of chicken manure into DM increased the abundance of intestinal bacteria (Bacillus and Amphibacillus) producing cellulase and improved the digestion ability (particularly cellulose degradation) of BSFL to cellulose-rich manure through changes in microbial communities composition in intestine. This study reveals the microecological mechanisms underlying the high-efficiency conversion of cellulose-rich manure by BSFL and provide potential applications for the large-scale cellulose-rich wastes conversion by intestinal microbes combined with BSFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijun Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Minmin Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Longyu Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengling Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
| | | | - Kashif Ur Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ziniu Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Jibin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Markosyan L, Vardanyan A. Properties of the extracellular alkaline inulinase produced by haloalkaliphilic phototrophic bacteria Ectothiorodospirea mobilis. Extremophiles 2023; 27:29. [PMID: 37847305 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-023-01315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The studies have revealed alkaline exoinulinase produced by haloalkaliphilic phototrophic bacteria Ectothiorhodospirea mobilis Al-2 for the first time. A new method for the isolation of a homogeneous exoinulinase from the culture broth was developed and the properties of this enzyme have been investigated. It was shown that specified exoinulinase in contrast to the studied exoinulinases produced by microorganisms exhibits catalytic activity at the wide range of pH (7.0-10) and a temperature (20-60 °C) with a maximum of the inulolitic activity at pH 9.0 and 50 °C. The studied exoinulinase possessing also invertase activity (I/S1.4) is a monomeric protein with molecular mass 57Kda, as well as Km and Vmax for inulin 3.8 mM/ml and 10 µmol/ml/min-1, respectively. The studies of the influence of different metal ions on enzyme activity have shown that Mn+2, Cu+2, Co+2, Mg+2, NaCl 5-7% promote relatively higher catalytic activity while Zn+2, Cu+2 and Fe+2 partially suppress the enzyme activity and Hg2+completely inactivates the enzyme.The formation of only fructose and glucose at the enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin confirms that the studied exoinulinase belongs to the exo-type of enzymes. The obtained results supplement our fundamental knowledge in biochemistry-enzymology, as well as the biodiversity of microorganisms expressing exoinulinase. The studied exoinulinase exhibits activity at salinity of the medium and can potentially be used in the biotechnology of inulin bioconversion into bioproducts under alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levon Markosyan
- Institute of Microbiology of Scientific and Production Center ''Armbiotechnology'' of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, 14 Gyurjyan Str., 0056, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - Arevik Vardanyan
- Institute of Microbiology of Scientific and Production Center ''Armbiotechnology'' of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, 14 Gyurjyan Str., 0056, Yerevan, Armenia
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Yang Z, Lian Z, Liu L, Fang B, Li W, Jiao J. Cultivation strategies for prokaryotes from extreme environments. IMETA 2023; 2:e123. [PMID: 38867929 PMCID: PMC10989778 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The great majority of microorganisms are as-yet-uncultivated, mostly found in extreme environments. High-throughput sequencing provides data-rich genomes from single-cell and metagenomic techniques, which has enabled researchers to obtain a glimpse of the unexpected genetic diversity of "microbial dark matter." However, cultivating microorganisms from extreme environments remains essential for dissecting and utilizing the functions of extremophiles. Here, we provide a straightforward protocol for efficiently isolating prokaryotic microorganisms from different extreme habitats (thermal, xeric, saline, alkaline, acidic, and cryogenic environments), which was established through previous successful work and our long-term experience in extremophile resource mining. We propose common processes for extremophile isolation at first and then summarize multiple cultivation strategies for recovering prokaryotic microorganisms from extreme environments and meanwhile provide specific isolation tips that are always overlooked but important. Furthermore, we propose the use of multi-omics-guided microbial cultivation approaches for culturing these as-yet-uncultivated microorganisms and two examples are provided to introduce how these approaches work. In summary, the protocol allows researchers to significantly improve the isolation efficiency of pure cultures and novel taxa, which therefore paves the way for the protection and utilization of microbial resources from extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi‐Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zheng‐Han Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bao‐Zhu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiChina
| | - Wen‐Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiChina
| | - Jian‐Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Fahmy NM, El-Deeb B. Optimization, partial purification, and characterization of a novel high molecular weight alkaline protease produced by Halobacillus sp. HAL1 using fish wastes as a substrate. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:48. [PMID: 37121925 PMCID: PMC10149429 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrolytic enzymes from halophilic microorganisms have a wide range of industrial applications. Herein, we report the isolation of Halobacillus sp. HAL1, a moderately halophilic bacterium that produces a novel high molecular weight extracellular alkaline protease when grown in fish processing wastes as a substrate. RESULTS Results showed that the isolated strain belonged to the genus Halobacillus, and it was designated as Halobacillus sp. HAL1 with the GenBank accession number OK001470. The strain secreted an extracellular alkaline protease, and the highest yield was obtained when it was grown in a medium with fish wastes substrate as the sole nutritional source (10 g/L) and incubated at 25 °C under shaking conditions. The enzyme was partially purified by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Zymographic analysis showed two casein degrading bands of about 190 and 250 KDa. The optimum enzyme activity was at a temperature of 50 °C at pH 8. The proteolytic activity was enhanced in the presence of metal ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+), surfactants (Tween 80, SDS, and Triton-X100), H2O2, and EDTA. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that Haobacillus sp. HAL1 is a moderately halophilic strain and secrets a novel high molecular wight alkaline protease that is suitable for detergent formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayer M Fahmy
- Marine Microbiology Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Bahig El-Deeb
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Diversity of actinomycete and their metabolites isolated from Howz Soltan Lake, Iran. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:24. [PMID: 36512155 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Saline environments are largely unexplored sources of actinomycetes with the potential to produce biologically active secondary metabolites. A total of 34 actinomycete isolates from water, sediments and mostly rhizosphere (82%) were collected from different sites at Howz Soltan Lake in Iran. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the isolates belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Nocardia and Saccharomonospora. Cytotoxic assay revealed extract from isolate act9 as the most potent (19.716±5.72 µg/ml) against the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell. Also, 38% of the isolates showed antimicrobial activity against some of the test microorganisms. The ethyl-acetate extract of isolate act18 showed the strongest antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA, and was further analyzed by GC/MS. Ar-tumerone (26.41%) and butyl isodecyl phthalate (21.77 %) were the main constituents detected in the extract. This is the first time Ar-tumerone is being detected in a prokaryote. Isolate act18 showed a high 16S rRNA sequence similarity to that of Streptomyces youssoufiensis DSM 41920. In addition, a number of the isolates produced different enzymes including lipase, amylase, protease, gelatinase, urease and lecithinase. Some of the isolates belonging to the genera Streptomyces and Nocardia exhibited plant growth promoting activity such as increased seed germination, stem length and the number of Echium leaves during the 20 days. Findings from this study indicated the diversity and biosynthetic potential of actinomycetes from saline environment.
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Towards the Development of Microbial Ecotoxicology Testing Using Chlorpyrifos Contaminated Sediments and Marine Yeast Isolates as a Model. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10102019. [PMID: 36296295 PMCID: PMC9611469 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP), a widely used pesticide, and its metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (3,5,6-TCP), are xenobiotic compounds detected in many biomes, notably in marine sediments, all over the world. These compounds are posing a serious environmental and health problem given their toxicity to wildlife and possible exposure effects to human neurodevelopment. Microorganisms at CP-impacted environments could harbor metabolic capabilities that can be used as indicators of the biological effects of the contaminant and could encode selected functions reactive against contaminants. Those features could be used for microbial ecotoxicology applications by collectively using analytical, enzymatic, microbiological and toxicological techniques in order to assess the biological effects of pollutants and other environmental/climatic stressors in ecosystems. The objective of this study was to assess the variability in the metabolic responses of yeast isolates from CP-contaminated marine sediments as potential biological indicators for microbial ecotoxicology testing. Sediment samples from a South Caribbean tropical shore (Cartagena Bay, Colombia) were collected, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was recovered from lyophilized aliquots. The DGGE (Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) technique targeting fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) showed the great diversity of fungal types. Simultaneously, yeast strains were isolated from the freshly collected sediment samples. Physiological characterization including API 20C and antibiosis tests, growth patterns at salt concentrations (2/4/10/25%), temperatures (4/25/37/45 °C), esterase activity assay and resistance tests to CP/TCP toxicity resulted in 10 isolated yeast strains, identified as Candida spp. (6), Cryptococcus spp. (3). and Rhodotorula spp. (1), showing promising characteristics to be used as a test for yeast-based ecotoxicity indicators. The patterns of carbohydrate assimilation, low antibiosis, presence of esterases/lipases, growth in a wide range of temperatures and salt concentrations, and tolerance to minimal inhibitory concentrations of CP and TCP are factors useful for testing environmental samples.
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Tu D, Ke J, Luo Y, Hong T, Sun S, Han J, Chen S. Microbial community structure and shift pattern of industry brine after a long-term static storage in closed tank. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:975271. [PMID: 36118215 PMCID: PMC9478951 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.975271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brine from Dingyuan Salt Mine (Anhui, China), an athalassohaline hypersaline environment formed in the early tertiary Oligocene, is used to produce table salt for hundreds of millions of people. However, halophiles preserved in this niche during deposition are still unknown. Here, we employed cultivation and high-throughput sequencing strategies to uncover the microbial community and its shift after a long-term storage in the brine collected from Dingyuan Salt Mine. High-throughput sequencing showed (1) in the fresh brine (2021), Cyanobium_stocktickerPCC-6307 spp. (8.46%), Aeromonas spp. (6.91%) and Pseudomonas spp. (4.71%) are the dominant species in bacteria while Natronomonas spp. (18.89%), Halapricum spp. (13.73%), and Halomicrobium spp. (12.35%) in archaea; (2) after a 3-year-storage, Salinibacter spp. (30.01%) and Alcanivorax spp. (14.96%) surpassed Cyanobium_stocktickerPCC-6307 spp. (8.46%) becoming the dominant species in bacteria; Natronomonas spp. are still the dominant species, while Halorientalis spp. (14.80%) outnumbered Halapricum spp. becoming the dominant species in archaea; (3) Alcanivorax spp. and Halorientalis spp. two hydrocarbons degrading microorganisms were enriched in the brine containing hydrocarbons. Cultivation using hypersaline nutrient medium (20% NaCl) combined with high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that (1) the biomass significantly increased while the species diversity sharply declined after a 3-year-storage; (2) Halorubrum spp. scarcely detected from the environment total stocktickerDNA were flourishing after cultivation using AS-168 or NOM medium; (3) twelve possible new species were revealed based on almost full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity search. This study generally uncovered the microbial community and the dominant halophiles in this inland athalassohaline salt mine, and provided a new insight on the shift pattern of dominant halophiles during a long-term storage, which illustrated the shaping of microorganisms in the unique environment, and the adaptation of microbe to the specific environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demei Tu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Juntao Ke
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Yuqing Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Tao Hong
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Siqi Sun
- Anhui Jiaotianxiang Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Xuancheng, China
| | - Jing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoxing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Schillaci M, Raio A, Sillo F, Zampieri E, Mahmood S, Anjum M, Khalid A, Centritto M. Pseudomonas and Curtobacterium Strains from Olive Rhizosphere Characterized and Evaluated for Plant Growth Promoting Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2245. [PMID: 36079627 PMCID: PMC9460707 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria are known to enhance plant growth and protect them from environmental stresses through different pathways. The rhizosphere of perennial plants, including olive, may represent a relevant reservoir of PGP bacteria. Here, seven bacterial strains isolated from olive rhizosphere have been characterized taxonomically by 16S sequencing and biochemically, to evaluate their PGP potential. Most strains were identified as Pseudomonas or Bacillus spp., while the most promising ones belonged to genera Pseudomonas and Curtobacterium. Those strains have been tested for their capacity to grow under osmotic or salinity stress and to improve the germination and early development of Triticum durum subjected or not to those stresses. The selected strains had the ability to grow under severe stress, and a positive effect has been observed in non-stressed seedlings inoculated with one of the Pseudomonas strains, which showed promising characteristics that should be further evaluated. The biochemical and taxonomical characterization of bacterial strains isolated from different niches and the evaluation of their interaction with plants under varying conditions will help to increase our knowledge on PGP microorganisms and their use in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Schillaci
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Aida Raio
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Fabiano Sillo
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Zampieri
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muzammil Anjum
- Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Azeem Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Mauro Centritto
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Sponge–Microbial Symbiosis and Marine Extremozymes: Current Issues and Prospects. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14126984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Marine microorganisms have great potential for producing extremozymes. They enter useful relationships like many other organisms in the marine habitat. Sponge–microbial symbiosis enables both sponges and microorganisms to mutually benefit each other while performing their activities within the ecosystem. Sponges, because of their nature as marine cosmopolitan benthic epifaunas and filter feeders, serve as a host for many extremophilic marine microorganisms. Potential extremozymes from microbial symbionts are largely dependent on their successful relationship. Extremozymes have found relevance in food processing, bioremediation, detergent, and drug production. Species diversity approach, industrial-scale bioremediation, integrative bioremediation software, government and industrial support are considered. The high cost of sampling, limited research outcomes, low species growth in synthetic media, laborious nature of metagenomics projects, difficulty in the development of synthetic medium, limited number of available experts, and technological knowhow are current challenges. The unique properties of marine extremozymes underpin their application in industry and biotechnological processes. There is therefore an urgent need for the development of cost-effective methods with government and industry support.
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Chauhan P, Bhattacharya A, Giri VP, Singh SP, Gupta SC, Verma P, Dwivedi A, Rajput LS, Mishra A. Bacillus subtilis suppresses the charcoal rot disease by inducing defence responses and physiological attributes in soybean. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:266. [PMID: 35437612 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes can induce the defence responses and modulates physiological attributes in host plants during pathogen attacks. In the present study, 127 bacterial endophytes (BEs) were isolated from different parts of healthy soybean plant. Among them, two BEs (M-2 and M-4) resulted a significant antagonistic property against Macrophomina phaseolina, causes charcoal rot disease in soybean. The antagonistic potential was evaluated through dual culture plate assay, where M-4 expressed higher antifungal activity than M-2 against M. phaseolina. The M-4 produces cell wall degrading enzymes viz. cellulase (145.71 ± 1.34 μgmL-1), chitinase (0.168 ± 0.0009 unitmL-1) and β,1-3 endoglucanase (162.14 ± 2.5 μgmL-1), which helps in cell wall disintegration of pathogens. Additionally, M-4 also can produce siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (17.03 ± 1.10 μgmL-1) and had a phosphate solubilization potential (19.89 ± 0.26 μgmL-1). Further, GC-MS profiling of M-4 has been carried out to demonstrate the production of lipophilic secondary metabolites which efficiently suppress the M. phaseolina defensive compounds under co-culture conditions. Bio-efficacy study of M-4 strain shown a significant reduction in disease incidence around 60 and 80% in resistant and susceptible varieties of soybean, respectively. The inoculation of M-4 potentially enhances the physiological attributes and triggers various defence responsive enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenol peroxidase (PPO), peroxidase (PO) and catalase (CAT). The histopathological study also confirmed that M-4 can reduce the persistence of microsclerotia in root and shoot tissue. Conclusively, M-4 revealed as an efficient biocontrol agent that can uses multifaceted measures for charcoal rot disease management, by suppress the M. phaseolina infection and enhance the physiological attributes of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chauhan
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Arpita Bhattacharya
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ved Prakash Giri
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Hasanganj, Lucknow, 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyendra Pratap Singh
- Pharmacognosy Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sateesh Chandra Gupta
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pratibha Verma
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ashish Dwivedi
- Photobiology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Laxman Singh Rajput
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, 452001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Aradhana Mishra
- Division of Microbial Technology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Ruginescu R, Enache M, Popescu O, Gomoiu I, Cojoc R, Batrinescu-Moteau C, Maria G, Dumbravician M, Neagu S. Characterization of Some Salt-Tolerant Bacterial Hydrolases with Potential Utility in Cultural Heritage Bio-Cleaning. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030644. [PMID: 35336219 PMCID: PMC8949325 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt-tolerant enzymes produced by halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms have been proposed to be used in various applications that involve high saline conditions. Considering their biotechnological significance and the current need for more efficient producers of such catalysts, the present study aimed to evaluate the extracellular proteolytic, esterolytic, cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities of some halotolerant strains, and to characterize their functional parameters. A total of 21 bacterial and fungal strains belonging to the genera Bacillus, Virgibacillus, Salinivibrio, Salinicoccus, Psychrobacter, Nocardiopsis, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Emericellopsis were assayed by quantitative methods. Among them, the members of the Bacillus genus exhibited the highest catalytic activities. The exoenzymes produced by three selected Bacillus strains were active over wide ranges of salinity, temperature and pH. Proteases were active at 20–80 °C, pH 6–10, and 0–1 M NaCl, while esterases showed good catalytic activities at 20–80 °C, pH 7.5–10, and 0–4 M NaCl. Cellulases and xylanases were active at 20–80 °C, pH 5–10, and 0–5 M NaCl. Due to such properties, these hydrolases could be used in a newly proposed application, namely to clean aged consolidants and organic deposits accumulated over time from the surfaces of salt-loaded wall paintings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ruginescu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Madalin Enache
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Octavian Popescu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
- Molecular Biology Center, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai-University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Str., 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Gomoiu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Roxana Cojoc
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Costin Batrinescu-Moteau
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Gabriel Maria
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
| | - Maria Dumbravician
- Department of Conservation and Restoration, Faculty of Art History, Bucharest National University of Arts, 19 General Constantin Budișteanu, 010773 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Simona Neagu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, 60031 Bucharest, Romania; (M.E.); (O.P.); (I.G.); (R.C.); (C.B.-M.); (G.M.); (S.N.)
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13
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Li X, Zhang Q, Gan L, Jiang G, Tian Y, Shi B. Exoproduction and Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Serine Protease from Ornithinibacillus caprae L9 T with Hide-Dehairing Activity. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:99-109. [PMID: 34818664 PMCID: PMC9628834 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2108.08037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study is the first report on production and characterization of the enzyme from an Ornithinibacillus species. A 4.2-fold increase in the extracellular protease (called L9T) production from Ornithinibacillus caprae L9T was achieved through the one-factor-at-a-time approach and response surface methodological optimization. L9T protease exhibited a unique protein band with a mass of 25.9 kDa upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This novel protease was active over a range of pH (4-13), temperatures (30-80°C) and salt concentrations (0-220 g/l), with the maximal activity observed at pH 7, 70°C and 20 g/l NaCl. Proteolytic activity was upgraded in the presence of Ag+, Ca2+ and Sr2+, but was totally suppressed by 5 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, which suggests that this enzyme belongs to the serine protease family. L9T protease was resistant to certain common organic solvents and surfactants; particularly, 5 mM Tween 20 and Tween 80 improved the activity by 63 and 15%, respectively. More importantly, L9T protease was found to be effective in dehairing of goatskins, cowhides and rabbit-skins without damaging the collagen fibers. These properties confirm the feasibility of L9T protease in industrial applications, especially in leather processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China
| | - Longzhan Gan
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China
| | - Guangyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China
| | - Yongqiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China,Corresponding authors Y. Tian Phone: +86-28-85405237 Fax: +86-28-85405237 E-mail:
| | - Bi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education and College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R. China,
B. Shi E-mail:
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14
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Metabolic Potential of Some Functional Groups of Bacteria in Aquatic Urban Systems. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7040242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the metabolic potential of some functional groups of bacteria in aquatic urban systems and evaluated the abundance of communities of total heterotrophic bacteria in the water in relation to the monitored physico-chemical factors. The results obtained showed seasonal differences, especially in spring. The high values of the abundance of heterotrophs in winter are related to human activity at the sampling stations. Screening for four types of extracellular hydrolytic enzyme with potential for degradation of organic matter (amylases, lipases, proteases and cellulases) led to the conclusion that lipolytic bacteria were dominant in the studied ecosystems, while proteolytic bacteria were observed in low numbers, but were present in urbanized areas. The presence of cellulolytic bacteria is correlated with the development of macrophytic vegetation. The aim of the present study was oriented towards the evaluation of the anthropogenic input in several lakes surrounding Bucharest in the Nord-Eastern region. These urban ecosystems are generated as a requirement of city development. The microbiological and general enzymatic approaches generated some novel results concerning the pollution degree of aquatic urban ecosystems and could be considered as a platform for further investigation.
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15
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A Novel Bacterial Route to Synthesize Cu Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Activity. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-021-02176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Thalassobacillus, a genus of extreme to moderate environmental halophiles with biotechnological potential. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:147. [PMID: 34363544 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thalassobacillus is a moderately halophilic genus that has been isolated from several sites worldwide, such as hypersaline lakes, saline soils, salt flats, and volcanic mud. Halophilic bacteria have provided functional stable biomolecules in harsh conditions for industrial purposes. Despite its potential biotechnological applications, Thalassobacillus has not been fully characterized yet. This review describes the Thalassobacillus genus, with the few species reported, pointing out its possible applications in enzymes (amylases, cellulases, xylanases, and others), biosurfactants, bioactive compounds, biofuels production, bioremediation, and plant growth promotion. The Thalassobacillus genus represents a little-explored biological resource but with a high potential.
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17
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Orji OU, Awoke JN, Aja PM, Aloke C, Obasi OD, Alum EU, Udu-Ibiam OE, Oka GO. Halotolerant and metalotolerant bacteria strains with heavy metals biorestoration possibilities isolated from Uburu Salt Lake, Southeastern, Nigeria. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07512. [PMID: 34355076 PMCID: PMC8321926 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental contaminations by heavy metals are currently an increasing public health concern globally. One key challenge of these toxic metals is the extremely difficulties involved in their detoxification from the environment and effluents because of their non-degradability. An efficient biologic agent with potentials of remediating these toxic metals may ease these ever-increasing problems. We reported toxic metals tolerance and bioremediation potentials of novel bacteria sp. Strains USL2S, USL4W and USL5W isolated from Uburu salt lake, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The phenotypic characteristics and the 16S rRNA gene analyses revealed that USL2S strain belongs to the genus Klebsiella, whereas USL4W and USL5W strains belong to the genus Pseudomonas. The bacteria isolates grew well in media containing 5–15 % of sodium chloride. The bacteria isolate showed capacity to tolerate 50.0 mM Hg+2 and Pb+2, 17.0, 12.50 and 4.0mM Ni+2, Cd+2, and Zn+2 respectively in solid media. Pseudomonas putida A4W Strain also tolerated 16.0 mM Cu+2, while Klebsiella sp. Strain USL2S, Pseudomonas putida USL5W Strain tolerated 4.0 mM each. AAS analyses showed 85, 95, and 95 % Hg; 97.13, 98.89, and 97.55 % Pb; 73.33, 77.42 and 69.72 Cd; 88.06, 99.54, and 97.91 % Ni; 100, 100 and 83.62% Cu; 42.30, 84.52 and 98.80 % Zn removal from media broth incorporated with the tested metals by Klebsiella sp. USL2S, Pseudomonas sp. Strain USL5W and Pseudomonas sp. USL4W respectively. We therefore recommend these novel moderately halophilic and metal tolerant isolates as possible biologic agents for effective bioremediation of mercury, lead, cadmium, nickel, copper and zinc in contaminated environments and effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- O U Orji
- Department Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - J N Awoke
- Department Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - P M Aja
- Department Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - C Aloke
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - O D Obasi
- Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - E U Alum
- Department Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O E Udu-Ibiam
- Microbiology Department, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - G O Oka
- Department Biochemistry, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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18
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Gao L, Ma J, Liu Y, Huang Y, Mohamad OAA, Jiang H, Egamberdieva D, Li W, Li L. Diversity and Biocontrol Potential of Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Halophytes from the West Aral Sea Basin. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071448. [PMID: 34361884 PMCID: PMC8303770 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytes associated with halophytes may contribute to the host's adaptation to adverse environmental conditions through improving their stress tolerance and protecting them from various soil-borne pathogens. In this study, the diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria associated with halophytic samples growing on the shore of the western Aral Sea in Uzbekistan were investigated. The endophytic bacteria were isolated from the nine halophytic samples by using the culture-dependent method and identified according to their 16S rRNA gene sequences. The screening of endophytic bacterial isolates with the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi was completed by the plate confrontation method. A total of 289 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the nine halophytes, and they belong to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The predominant genera of the isolated endophytic bacteria were Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Streptomyces, accounting for 38.5%, 24.7%, and 12.5% of the total number of isolates, respectively. The comparative analysis indicated that the isolation effect was better for the sample S8, with the highest diversity and richness indices. The diversity index of the sample S7 was the lowest, while the richness index of samples S5 and S6 was the lowest. By comparing the isolation effect of 12 different media, it was found that the M7 medium had the best performance for isolating endophytic bacteria associated with halophytes in the western Aral Sea Basin. In addition, the results showed that only a few isolates have the ability to produce ex-enzymes, and eight and four endophytic bacterial isolates exhibited significant inhibition to the growth of Valsa mali and Verticillium dahlia, respectively. The results of this study indicated that halophytes are an important source for the selection of microbes that may protect plant from soil-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
| | - Yonghong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
| | - Yin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
| | - Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
| | - Hongchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dilfuza Egamberdieva
- Faculty of Biology, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100174, Uzbekistan;
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Wenjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (L.G.); (J.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.H.); (O.A.A.M.); (H.J.)
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (L.L.)
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Halophilic Prokaryotes in Urmia Salt Lake, a Hypersaline Environment in Iran. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3230-3238. [PMID: 34216240 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02583-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and PCR-amplified fragments of the 16SrDNA gene were used to determine prokaryotes diversity in Urmia Salt Lake. Prokaryote cell population in Urmia lake range from 3.1 ± 0.3 × 106, 2 ± 0.2 × 108, 4 ± 0.3 × 108, and 1.8 ± 0.2 × 108 cells ml-1 for water, soil, sediment, and salt samples by DAPI (4́, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) direct count, respectively. The proportion of bacteria and archaea in the samples determinable by FISH ranged between 36.1 and 55% and 48.5 and 55.5%, respectively. According to the DGGE method, some bands were selected and separated from the gel, then amplified and sequenced. The results of sequences were related to two phyla Proteobacteria (16.6%) and Bacteroidetes (83.3%), which belonged to four genera Salinibacter, Mangroviflexus, Pseudomonas, and Cesiribacter, and the archaeal sequences were related to Euryarchaeota phyla and three genera Halonotius, Haloquadratum, and Halorubrum. According to our results, it seems that prokaryotic populations in this hypersaline environment are more diverse than expected, and bacteria are so abundant and diverse and form the metabolically active part of the microbial population inhabiting this extreme environment. Molecular dependent and independent approaches revealed a different aspect of this environment microbiota.
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Halolysin R4 of Haloferax mediterranei confers its host antagonistic and defensive activities. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02889-20. [PMID: 33579684 PMCID: PMC8091122 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02889-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Halolysins, which are subtilisin-like serine proteases of haloarchaea, are usually secreted into the extracellular matrix via the twin-arginine translocation pathway. A small number of activated molecules can greatly affect cell growth owing to their proteolytic activity. It is, however, unclear as to whether this proteolysis-based growth inhibition by halolysins conveys antagonistic or defensive effects against other resident abd potentially competitive microorganisms. Here, we report that halolysin R4 (HlyR4), encoded by the hlyR4 gene, is the key enzyme in the initial steps of extracellular protein utilization in Haloferax mediterranei HlyR4 shows significant antagonistic activity against other haloarchaeal strains. Deletion of hlyR4 completely halts the inhibition activity of Hfx. mediterranei towards other haloarchaea, while correspondingly, complementation of hlyR4 almost completely restores the inhibition activity. Furthermore, Hfx. mediterranei strains containing hlyR4 showed a certain amount of resistance to halocins and halolysins in milieu, and this function of hlyR4 is reproducible in Haloarcula hispanica The versatility of HlyR4 enables its host to outcompete other haloarchaea living in the same hypersaline environment. Intriguingly, unlike the growth phase-dependent halolysins SptA and Nep, it is likely that HlyR4 may be secreted independent of growth phase. This study provides a new peptide antibiotics candidate in haloarchaea, as well as new insight towards a better understanding of the ecological roles of halolysins.Importance: This study shows that halolysin R4 from Haloferax mediterranei provides its host antagonistic and defensive activities against other haloarchaea, which expands our knowledge on the traditional function of haloarchaeal extracellular proteases. Haloarchaeal extracellular serine proteases have been previously discussed as growth-phase-dependent proteins, whereas our study reports constitutive expression of halolysin R4. This work also clearly reveals a hidden diversity of extracellular proteases from haloarchaea. Studies on multifunctional halolysins reveal that they play an important ecological role in shaping microbial community composition and provide a new perspective towards understanding the intricate interactions between haloarchaeal cells in hypersaline environments. HlyR4 can lyse competing cells living in the same environment, and the cell debris may probably be utilized as nutrients, which may constitute an important part of nutrient cycling in extremely hypersaline environments.
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Bioprospecting potentials of moderately halophilic bacteria and the isolation of squalene producers from Kuwait sabkha. Int Microbiol 2021; 24:373-384. [PMID: 33755814 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sabkhas in Kuwait are unique hypersaline marine environments under-explored for bacterial community composition and bioprospecting. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 46 isolates with distinct morphology from two Kuwait sabkhas recovered 11 genera. Phylum Firmicutes dominated these isolates, and Bacillus (32.6%) was recovered as the dominant genera, followed by Halococcus (17.4%). These isolates were moderately halophilic, and some of them showed tolerance and growth at extreme levels of salt (20%), pH (5 and/or 11), and temperature (55 °C). A higher percentage of isolates harbored protease (63.0), followed by DNase (41.3), amylase (41.3), and lipase (32.6). Selected isolates showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis and isolated Halomonas shengliensis, and Idiomarina piscisalsi harbored gene coding for dNDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase (Glu 1), indicating their potential to produce biomolecules with deoxysugar moieties. Palmitic acid or oleic acid was the dominant fatty acid, and seven isolates had some polyunsaturated fatty acids (linolenic or γ-linolenic acid). Interestingly, six isolates belonging to Planococcus and Oceanobacillus genus produced squalene, a bioactive isoprenoid molecule. Their content increased 30-50% in the presence of Terbinafine. The potential bioactivities and extreme growth conditions make this untapped bacterial diversity a promising candidate for future bioprospecting studies.
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Verma S, Meghwanshi GK, Kumar R. Current perspectives for microbial lipases from extremophiles and metagenomics. Biochimie 2021; 182:23-36. [PMID: 33421499 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipases are most broadly used biocatalysts for environmental and industrial applications. Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of long acyl chain esters and have a characteristic folding pattern of α/β hydrolase with highly conserved catalytic triad (Serine, Aspartic/Glutamic acid and Histidine). Mesophilic lipases (optimal activity in neutral pH range, mesophilic temperature range, atmospheric pressure, normal salinity, non-radio-resistant, and instability in organic solvents) have been in use for many industrial biotransformation reactions. However, lipases from extremophiles can be used to design biotransformation reactions with higher yields, less byproducts or useful side products and have been predicted to catalyze those reactions also, which otherwise are not possible with the mesophilic lipases. The extremophile lipase perform activity at extremes of temperature, pH, salinity, and pressure which can be screened from metagenome and de novo lipase design using computational approaches. Despite structural similarity, they exhibit great diversity at the sequence level. This diversity is broader when lipases from the bacterial, archaeal, plant, and animal domains/kingdoms are compared. Furthermore, a great diversity of novel lipases exists and can be discovered from the analysis of the dark matter - the unexplored nucleotide/metagenomic databases. This review is an update on extremophilic microbial lipases, their diversity, structure, and classification. An overview on novel lipases which have been detected through analysis of the genomic dark matter (metagenome) has also been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner, 334004, India
| | | | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90185, Umeå, Sweden.
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Fatholahpoor Kami K, Ghane M, Babaeekhou L. Hydrolase-Producing Moderately Halophilic Bacteria from Eshtehard Desert (Iran). Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720060041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Didari M, Bagheri M, Amoozegar MA, Bouzari S, Babavalian H, Tebyanian H, Hassanshahian M, Ventosa A. Diversity of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria in the largest seasonal hypersaline lake (Aran-Bidgol-Iran). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:961-971. [PMID: 33312616 PMCID: PMC7721776 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the culturable halophilic and halotolerant bacterial diversity was determined in Aran-Bidgol as a thalassohaline seasonal hypersaline lake in Iran. METHODS Thirty water, soil, sediments, coastal mud, multi-color brines and salt crystals samples were extracted and cultured using different media and incubation conditions. Totally 958 isolates were obtained and 87 isolates were selected for further studies, based on morphological, physiological and biochemical tests, representing different morphotypes. RESULTS Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, the isolates exhibited 94.6-100% sequence similarity to the closest known species of the genera Bacillus, Halomonas, Oceanobacillus, Salinicoccus, Thalassobacillus, Ornithinibacillus, Halobacillus, Salicola, Virgibacillus, Aerococcus, Arthrobacter, Idiomarina, Paraliobacillus, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Aneurinibacillus, Brevibacillus, Brevundimonas, Chromohalobacter, Gracilibacillus, Jeotgalicoccus, Kocuria, Marinilactibacillus, Marinobacter, Microbacterium, Paenibacillus, Paracoccus, Piscibacillus, Pseudomonas and Sediminibacillus and also, comparison of ARDRA patterns among the sequenced strains, using AluI, Bst UI and Hpa II enzymes showed that these patterns are in accordance with the phylogenetic position of these strains. CONCLUSION The PCR-RFLP analyses suggested that ARDRA possess a functional potential for distinguishing halophilic bacteria to be used for further studies in elementary steps of isolation to reduce the tedious duplication of isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Didari
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saied Bouzari
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Biology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Babavalian
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassanshahian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Ruginescu R, Gomoiu I, Popescu O, Cojoc R, Neagu S, Lucaci I, Batrinescu-Moteau C, Enache M. Bioprospecting for Novel Halophilic and Halotolerant Sources of Hydrolytic Enzymes in Brackish, Saline and Hypersaline Lakes of Romania. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8121903. [PMID: 33266166 PMCID: PMC7760675 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms represent promising sources of salt-tolerant enzymes that could be used in various biotechnological processes where high salt concentrations would otherwise inhibit enzymatic transformations. Considering the current need for more efficient biocatalysts, the present study aimed to explore the microbial diversity of five under- or uninvestigated salty lakes in Romania for novel sources of hydrolytic enzymes. Bacteria, archaea and fungi were obtained by culture-based approaches and screened for the production of six hydrolases (protease, lipase, amylase, cellulase, xylanase and pectinase) using agar plate-based assays. Moreover, the phylogeny of bacterial and archaeal isolates was studied through molecular methods. From a total of 244 microbial isolates, 182 (74.6%) were represented by bacteria, 22 (9%) by archaea, and 40 (16.4%) by fungi. While most bacteria synthesized protease and lipase, the most frequent hydrolase produced by fungi was pectinase. The archaeal isolates had limited hydrolytic activity, being able to produce only amylase and cellulase. Among the taxonomically identified isolates, the best hydrolytic activities were observed in halotolerant bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus and in extremely halophilic archaea of the genera Haloterrigena and Halostagnicola. Therefore, the present study highlights that the investigated lakes harbor various promising species of microorganisms able to produce industrially valuable enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ruginescu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioana Gomoiu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
| | - Octavian Popescu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
- Molecular Biology Center, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai-University, 42 Treboniu Laurian St., 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Cojoc
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
| | - Simona Neagu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
| | - Ioana Lucaci
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
| | - Costin Batrinescu-Moteau
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
| | - Madalin Enache
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, P.O. Box 56-53, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (I.G.); (O.P.); (R.C.); (S.N.); (I.L.); (C.B.-M.); (M.E.)
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Oyewusi HA, Wahab RA, Huyop F. Dehalogenase-producing halophiles and their potential role in bioremediation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111603. [PMID: 32919122 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to briefly describe the potential role of dehalogenase-producing halophilic bacteria in decontamination of organohalide pollutants. Hypersaline habitats pose challenges to life because of low water activity (water content) and is considered as the largest and ultimate sink for pollutants due to naturally and anthropogenic activities in which a substantial amount of ecological contaminants are organohalides. Several such environments appear to host and support substantial diversity of extremely halophilic and halotolerant bacteria as well as halophilic archaea. Biodegradation of several toxic inorganic and organic compounds in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions are carried out by halophilic microbes. Therefore, remediation of polluted marine/hypersaline environments are the main scorching issues in the field of biotechnology. Although many microbial species are reported as effective pollutants degrader, but little has been isolated from marine/hypersaline environments. Therefore, more novel microbial species with dehalogenase-producing ability are still desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewusi
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, School of Science and Computer Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ado Ekiti, PMB, 5351, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Fahrul Huyop
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.
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Biswas J, Saha P, Ganguly J, Paul AK. Production and characterization of a bioactive extracellular homopolysaccharide produced by Haloferax sp. BKW301. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:938-949. [PMID: 33022819 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by haloarchaeal members, with novel and unusual physicochemical properties, is of special importance and has the potential for extensive biotechnological exploitation. An extremely halophilic archaeon, Haloferax sp. BKW301 (GenBank Accession No. KT240044) isolated from a solar saltern of Baksal, West Bengal, India has been optimized for the production of EPS under batch culture. It produced a considerable amount (5.95 g/L) of EPS in the medium for halophiles with 15% NaCl, 3% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract, and 6% inoculum under shake flask culture at 120 rpm. The purified EPS, a homopolymer of galactose as revealed by chromatographic methods and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, is noncrystalline (CIxrd , 0.82), amorphous, and could emulsify hydrocarbons like kerosene, petrol, xylene, and so forth. Moreover, the polymer is highly thermostable (up to 420°C) and displayed pseudoplastic rheology. Biologically, the EPS was able to scavenge DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical efficiently and inhibit the proliferation of the Huh-7 cell line at an IC50 value of 6.25 µg/ml with a Hill coefficient of 0.844. Large-scale production of this thermostable, pseudoplastic homopolysaccharide, therefore, could find suitable applications in industry and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhuma Biswas
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradipta Saha
- Department of Microbiology, Burdwan University, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Jhuma Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Amal K Paul
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Statistical optimization of amylase production and its purification from a palm wine isolate Bacillus sp., Q-164. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Ouelhadj A, Bouacem K, Asmani KL, Allala F, Mechri S, Yahiaoui M, Jaouadi B. Identification and homology modeling of a new biotechnologically compatible serine alkaline protease from moderately halotolerant Gracilibacillus boraciitolerans strain LO15. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 161:1456-1469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Ji C, Liu Z, Hao L, Song X, Wang C, Liu Y, Li H, Li C, Gao Q, Liu X. Effects of Enterobacter cloacae HG-1 on the Nitrogen-Fixing Community Structure of Wheat Rhizosphere Soil and on Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1094. [PMID: 32765571 PMCID: PMC7380250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Enterobacter cloacae HG-1 isolated from saline-alkali soil. We further studied the effect of this strain on the salt tolerance of wheat and on the community structure of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in rhizosphere soil. We determined that the investigated strain had high nitrogen fixation activity and produced iron carriers, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, and plant hormones. The metabolites of this strain contained 2,3-butanediol, [R-(R*, R*)], 2-heptanone, and other growth-promoting and antibacterial substances. The strain was also highly salt-tolerant (10% NaCl). After the inoculation of wheat with the HG-1 strain, we recorded increases in root length, plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight of 19.15%, 18.83%, 16.67%, and 17.96%, respectively, compared with uninoculated plants (P < 0.05). Compared with the leaves of uninoculated plants, the proline concentration in the leaves of inoculated plants increased by 12.43% (P < 0.05), the malondialdehyde level decreased by 27.26% (P < 0.05), K+ increased by 20.69%, Ca2+ increased by 57.53% and Na+ decreased by 31.43% (all P<0.05). Furthermore, we detected that inoculation with the HG-1 strain did not affect the species composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in wheat rhizosphere soil at the phylum level. However, the average relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased, whereas the abundance of Verrucomiorobia was significantly decreased compared with uninoculated plants. At the genus level, we detected 32 genera in control samples and 27 genera in inoculated samples, and the species diversity and relative abundance of samples inoculated with the HG-1 strain decreased compared with uninoculated plants. Inoculated samples had lower abundances of Azospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, and Anabaena. Our study demonstrated that the inoculation of wheat with E. cloacae HG-1 could promote the growth of wheat under salt stress and increase salt stress tolerance. The results of this study investigating the interaction among soil, plants, and microorganisms supplement agricultural microbial databases and could provide a reference for the development of microbial-based saline soil improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian, China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Liping Hao
- College of Plant Conservation, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Xin Song
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian, China
| | - Changdong Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Huying Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian, China
| | - Chaohui Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Qixiong Gao
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
| | - Xunli Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agriculture University, Taian, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian, China
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Isolation and diversity of sediment bacteria in the hypersaline aiding lake, China. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236006. [PMID: 32649724 PMCID: PMC7351256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophiles are relatively unexplored as potential sources of novel species.
However, little is known about the culturable bacterial diversity thrive in
hypersaline lakes. In this work, a total of 343 bacteria from sediment samples
of Aiding Lake, China, were isolated using nine different media supplemented
with 5% or 15% (w/v) NaCl. The number of species and genera of bacteria
recovered from the different media varied, indicating the need to optimize the
isolation conditions. The results showed an unexpected level of bacterial
diversity, with four phyla (Actinobacteria,
Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and
Rhodothermaeota), fourteen orders
(Actinopolysporales, Alteromonadales,
Bacillales, Balneolales,
Chromatiales, Glycomycetales,
Jiangellales, Micrococcales,
Micromonosporales, Oceanospirillales,
Pseudonocardiales, Rhizobiales,
Streptomycetales, and
Streptosporangiales), including 17 families, 43 genera
(including two novel genera), and 71 species (including four novel species). The
predominant phyla included Actinobacteria and Firmicutes and the predominant
genera included Actinopolyspora,
Gracilibacillus, Halomonas,
Nocardiopsis, and Streptomyces. To our
knowledge, this is the first time that members of phylum
Rhodothermaeota were identified in sediment samples from a
salt lake.
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Martínez-Pérez RB, Rodríguez JA, Cira-Chávez LA, Dendooven L, Viniegra-González G, Estrada-Alvarado I. Exoenzyme-producing halophilic bacteria from the former Lake Texcoco: identification and production of n-butyl oleate and bioactive peptides. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:835-847. [PMID: 32410069 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00794-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Halophilic bacterias from saline soil from former Lake Texcoco were isolated, identified based on 16 rRNA and tested to produce glucolytic, nucleolytic, proteolytic and lipolytic exoenzymes. The Bacillus, Virgibacillus, Kocuria, Salinicoccus, Gracilibacillus, Halobacillus, Tenuibacillus and Nesterekonia genera where identified. Lipase/eserases and proteases from Nesterenkonia sp. and Nesterenkonia aethiopica showed halotolerant characteristics and were selected to synthesize the oleochemical n-butyl oleate and antioxidant peptides from muscle protein of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), respectively. In organic media (2,2,4-Trimethylpentane), the lipase/esterases from Nesterenkonia sp. (0.6 U/mL) and N. aethiopica (1.2 U/mL) achieved a 62.7% and 53.2% of n-butyl oleate conversion, respectively. The protein hydrolysis from muscle of common carp (C. carpio) showed a degree of hydrolysis of 4.5 ± 0.2% and 2.8 ± 0.1% when proteases from Nesterenkonia sp. and N. aethiopica were used, respectively. Three peptidic fractions ranging molecular masses between 254 and 1002 Da [M + H] show antioxidant scavenging activity, and the principal fraction with a peptide of 547.3 Da [M + H] showed an inhibition of 37.7 ± 1.8% and 16.3 ± 0.6%, when 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) were used, respectively. These findings showed that the enzymatic battery of the halophilic bacteria from former lake Texcoco can be used in hydrolysis and synthesis of molecules with applications in different fields as food technology or bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Balam Martínez-Pérez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 sur, Col. Centro, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, SON, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, JAL, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alberto Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología del Estado de Jalisco, Camino Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, 45019, Zapopan, JAL, Mexico
| | - Luis A Cira-Chávez
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 sur, Col. Centro, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, SON, Mexico
| | - Luc Dendooven
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508 Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360, Mexico City, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Viniegra-González
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco N° 186, Col. Vicentina, C.P., 09340, Iztapalapa, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Isabel Estrada-Alvarado
- Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 sur, Col. Centro, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, SON, Mexico.
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Mao H, Wang K, Wang Z, Peng J, Ren N. Metabolic function, trophic mode, organics degradation ability and influence factor of bacterial and fungal communities in chicken manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122883. [PMID: 32006923 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic function and organic degradation behavior of bacterial and fungal communities were detected in 60 days composting of chicken manure and pumice by using Biolog tools, PICRUSt and FUNGuild. Fungal diversity increased from 57 OTUs in fresh chicken manure to 109 OTUs in high temperature stage, while bacterial diversity decreased from 86 OTUs to 44 OTUs after composting treatment. The carbohydrates degradation ability of bacterial community was enhanced in the high temperature stage. Fungal community had relatively higher degradation rates of carboxylic acids and amino acids in the maturation stage. Saprotroph was the main trophic mode of fungal community during the incubation process. The fungal animal pathogen decreased from 12.5% to 1.2% after composting treatment. Bacterial community composition and substrates degradation rate were mainly influenced by redox potential, pH and moisture, while temperature was the main environmental factor influencing on organic degradation of fungal community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Mao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jing Peng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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Isolation and Molecular Level Identification of DNase Producing Halophilic Bacillus cereus Family Isolates from Marine Sediment Sample. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Jamali H, Sharma A, Roohi, Srivastava AK. Biocontrol potential of
Bacillus subtilis
RH5 against sheath blight of rice caused by
Rhizoctonia solani. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 60:268-280. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hena Jamali
- ICAR National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
- Department of Bioengineering Integral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Anjney Sharma
- ICAR National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Roohi
- Department of Bioengineering Integral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Alok Kumar Srivastava
- ICAR National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms Mau Uttar Pradesh India
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Ruginescu R, Purcărea C, Dorador C, Lavin P, Cojoc R, Neagu S, Lucaci I, Enache M. Exploring the hydrolytic potential of cultured halophilic bacteria isolated from the Atacama Desert. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2019; 366:5613365. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnz224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTConsidering that most industrial processes are carried out under harsh physicochemical conditions, which would inactivate enzymes from commonly isolated mesophilic organisms, current studies are geared toward the identification of extremophilic microorganisms producing enzymes resistant to extreme salt concentrations, temperature and pH. Among the extremophiles, halophilic microorganisms are an important source of salt-tolerant enzymes that can be used in varying biotechnological applications. In this context, the aim of the present work was to isolate and identify halophiles producing hydrolases from the Atacama Desert, one of the harshest environments on Earth. Isolates were recovered from halite samples and screened for the presence of seven different hydrolase activities (amylase, caseinase, gelatinase, lipase, pectinase, cellulase and inulinase) using agar plate-based assays. From a total of 23 halophilic bacterial isolates, most showed lipolytic (19 strains) and pectinolytic (11 strains) activities. The molecular identification of eight selected isolates showed a strong similarity to members of the Halomonas and Idiomarina genera. Therefore, the present study represents a preliminary, but essential, step to identify novel biological sources of extremozymes in an environment once thought to be devoid of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ruginescu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Cristina Purcărea
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Cristina Dorador
- Laboratorio de Complejidad Microbiana y Ecología Funcional, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, 601 Angamos Av., Antofagasta, 1240000, Chile
| | - Paris Lavin
- Laboratorio de Complejidad Microbiana y Ecología Funcional, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, 601 Angamos Av., Antofagasta, 1240000, Chile
| | - Roxana Cojoc
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Simona Neagu
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Ioana Lucaci
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
| | - Mădălin Enache
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology Bucharest of the Romanian Academy, 296 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, 060031, Romania
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López-Mondéjar R, Algora C, Baldrian P. Lignocellulolytic systems of soil bacteria: A vast and diverse toolbox for biotechnological conversion processes. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kiplimo D, Mugweru J, Kituyi S, Kipnyargis A, Mwirichia R. Diversity of esterase and lipase producing haloalkaliphilic bacteria from Lake Magadi in Kenya. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:1173-1184. [PMID: 31621083 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are hydrocarbons comprised of long-chain fatty acids and are found in all living things. In the environment, microorganisms degrade them to obtain energy using esterases and lipases. These enzymes are nowadays used in different industrial applications. We report isolation of 24 bacteria with esteresic and lipolytic activity from Lake Magadi, Kenya. The isolates were characterised using morphological, biochemical, and molecular methods. Isolates grew at an optimum salt concentration of 5-8% (w/v), pH range of 8.0-9.0, and temperature range of 35-40°C. The isolates were positive for esterase and lipase assay as well as other extracellular enzymes. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene showed that the isolates were affiliated to the genus Bacillus, Alkalibacterium, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, Halomonas, and Alkalilimnicola. None of the bacterial isolates produced antimicrobial agents, and all of them were resistant to trimethoprim and nalidixic acid but susceptible to streptomycin, amoxillin, chloramphenicol, and cefotaxime. Growth at elevated pH, salt, and temperature is an indicator that the enzymes from these organisms could function well under haloalkaline conditions. Therefore, Lake Magadi could be a good source of isolates with the potential to produce unique biocatalysts for the biotechnology industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Kiplimo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Julius Mugweru
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Sarah Kituyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Alex Kipnyargis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
| | - Romano Mwirichia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya
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39
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Amoozegar MA, Safarpour A, Noghabi KA, Bakhtiary T, Ventosa A. Halophiles and Their Vast Potential in Biofuel Production. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1895. [PMID: 31507545 PMCID: PMC6714587 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming and the limitations of using fossil fuels are a main concern of all societies, and thus, the development of alternative fuel sources is crucial to improving the current global energy situation. Biofuels are known as the best alternatives of unrenewable fuels and justify increasing extensive research to develop new and less expensive methods for their production. The most frequent biofuels are bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, and biogas. The production of these biofuels is the result of microbial activity on organic substrates like sugars, starch, oil crops, non-food biomasses, and agricultural and animal wastes. Several industrial production processes are carried out in the presence of high concentrations of NaCl and therefore, researchers have focused on halophiles for biofuel production. In this review, we focus on the role of halophilic microorganisms and their current utilization in the production of all types of biofuels. Also, the outstanding potential of them and their hydrolytic enzymes in the hydrolysis of different kind of biomasses and the production of biofuels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Safarpour
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Akbari Noghabi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tala Bakhtiary
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Ventosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Culturable halophilic bacteria inhabiting Algerian saline ecosystems: A source of promising features and potentialities. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:132. [PMID: 31432260 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to characterize halophilic bacteria inhabiting Algerian Saline Ecosystems (Sebkha and Chott) located in arid and semi-arid ecoclimate zones (Northeastern Algeria). In addition, screening of enzymatic activities, heavy metal tolerance and antagonistic potential against phytopathogenic fungi were tested. A total of 74 bacterial isolates were screened and phylogenetically characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed a heterogeneous group of microorganisms falling within two major phyla, 52 strains belonging to Firmicutes (70.2%) and 22 strains (30.8%) of γ-Proteobacteria. In terms of main genera present, the isolates were belonging to Bacillus, Halobacillus, Lentibacillus, Oceanobacillus, Paraliobacillus, Planomicrobium, Salicola, Terribacillus, Thalassobacillus, Salibacterium, Salinicoccus, Virgibacillus, Halomonas, Halovibrio, and Idiomarina. Most of the enzymes producers were related to Bacillus, Halobacillus, and Virgibacillus genera and mainly active at 10% of growing salt concentrations. Furthermore, amylase, esterase, gelatinase, and nuclease activities ranked in the first place within the common hydrolytic enzymes. Overall, the isolates showed high minimal inhibitory concentration values (MIC) for Ni2+ and Cu2+ (0.625 to 5 mM) compared to Cd2+ (0.1 to 2 mM) and Zn2+ (0.156 to 2 mM). Moreover, ten isolated strains belonging to Bacillus, Virgibacillus and Halomonas genera, displayed high activity against the pathogenic fungi (Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxyporum, F. verticillioides and Phytophthora capsici). This study on halophilic bacteria of unexplored saline niches provides potential sources of biocatalysts and novel bioactive metabolites as well as promising candidates of biocontrol agents and eco-friendly tools for heavy metal bioremediation.
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41
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Assessment of biotechnological potentials of strains isolated from repasso olive pomace in Tunisia. ANN MICROBIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-019-01499-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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42
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Lizardi-Jiménez MA, Ricardo-Díaz J, Quiñones-Muñoz TA, Hernández-Rosas F, Hernández-Martínez R. Fungal strain selection for protease production by solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial waste as substrates. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Zolfaghar M, Amoozegar MA, Khajeh K, Babavalian H, Tebyanian H. Isolation and screening of extracellular anticancer enzymes from halophilic and halotolerant bacteria from different saline environments in Iran. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:3275-3286. [PMID: 30993582 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It was confirmed that several enzymes have anti-cancer activity. The enzymes L-asparaginase, L-glutaminase, and L-arginase were chosen according to amino acids starvation in cancer cells and screened in halophilic and halotolerant bacteria, given probably less immunological reactions of halophilic or halotolerant enzymes in patients. Out of 110 halophilic and halotolerant strains, isolated from different saline environments in Iran and screened, some could produce a variety of anticancer enzymes. A total of 29, 4, and 2 strains produced L-asparaginase, L-glutaminase, and L-arginase, respectively. According to the phenotypic characteristics and partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the positive strains-strains with the ability to produce these anticancer enzymes-were identified as the members of the genera: Bacillus, Dietzia, Halobacillus, Rhodococcus, Paenibacillus and Planococcus as Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas, Marinobacter, Halomonas, Idiomarina, Vibrio and Stappia as Gram-negative bacteria. The production of anticancer enzymes was mostly observed in the rod-shaped Gram-negative isolates, particularly in the members of the genera Halomonas and Marinobacter. Most of the enzymes were produced in the stationary phase of growth and the maximum enzyme activity was experienced in strain GBPx3 (Vibrio sp.) for L-asparaginase at 1.0 IU/ml, strain R2S25 (Rhodococcus sp.) for L-glutaminase at 0.6 IU/ml and strain GAAy3 (Planococcus sp.) for L-arginase at 3.1 IU/ml. The optimum temperature and pH for L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase activities in selected strains were similar to the physiological conditions of human body and the enzymes could tolerate NaCl up to 7.5% concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdis Zolfaghar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Amoozegar
- Extremophiles Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, P. O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Babavalian
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Satari Faghihi L, Seyedalipour B, Ahmady-asbchin S, Riazi G. Moderately Halophilic Bacteria and Their Industrially Important Enzymes from the Ancient Ecosystem Badab-e Surt. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2018.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Satari Faghihi
- University of Mazandaran, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Bagher Seyedalipour
- University of Mazandaran, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Babolsar, Iran
| | | | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- University of Tehran, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Biochemistry Department, Tehran, Iran
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Elyasifar B, Jafari S, Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Chapeland-leclerc F, Ruprich-Robert G, Dilmaghani A. Isolation and Identification of Antibiotic-Producing Halophilic Bacteria from Dagh Biarjmand and Haj Aligholi Salt Deserts, Iran. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2019.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Halophilic bacteria are potent organisms in production of novel bioactive antimicrobial compounds which might be considered in drug innovation and control of plant pathogens. Salt deserts in Semnan province are of the most permanent hypersaline areas in the North of Iran. Despite the importance of these areas, there is no scientific report regarding the biodiversity and potency of their halophilic bacteria. Thus, aforementioned areas were selected to detect the halophilic bacteria. Methods: Here, seven strains were isolated and cultured on their molecular and biochemical properties were characterized. To determine the antibiotic potency of the isolates, agar well diffusion method was conducted. Phylogenetic analysis was done to reveal the isolates relationship with previously known strains. Results: As a result, growth of the strains in the medium containing 5 to 20% (w/v) NaCl determined that the majority of the isolates were moderately halophile. Catalase activity of all strains was positive. The results represented that D6A, Dar and D8B have antimicrobial effects against different plant and human pathogens. Phylogenic tree analysis also showed that two strains of D6A and Dar are belonged to Bacillus subtilis and D8B is belonged to Virgibacillus olivae. The bacteria extracts were evaluated for their antifungal and antibacterial activities on human and Plant pathogenic strains. The MIC of the extract B. subtilis against was found active against human pathogenic fungi and Plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi, ranging from 12.5 to 25 µg/mL. Conclusion: This study highlights the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of B. subtilis extracts as antibacterial and antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Elyasifar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sevda Jafari
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Florence Chapeland-leclerc
- Univ Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut des Energies de Demain (IED), UMR 8236, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Gwenaël Ruprich-Robert
- Univ Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut des Energies de Demain (IED), UMR 8236, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Azita Dilmaghani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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46
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Neelam DK, Agrawal A, Tomer AK, Bandyopadhayaya S, Sharma A, Jagannadham MV, Mandal CC, Dadheech PK. A Piscibacillus sp. Isolated from A Soda Lake Exhibits Anticancer Activity Against Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7020034. [PMID: 30691094 PMCID: PMC6406920 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms thrive in extreme environments and are known for synthesizing valuable metabolites. Salt-loving microorganisms can flourish in saline environments which inhibit the growth of other microbial life, and they possess the potential to produce stable and novel biomolecules for the use in biotechnological applications, including anticancer compounds. Sambhar Lake is the largest inland soda lake in India and is an appropriate habitat for halophilic bacterial and archaeal strains in terms of diversity and potential production of bioactive compounds. In the present study, a moderately halo-alkaliphilic bacterial strain C12A1 was isolated from Sambhar Lake, located in Rajasthan, India. C12A1 was gram-positive, motile, rod-shaped, formed oval endospores, produced carotenoids, and exhibited optimal growth at 37 °C in 10–15% NaCl (pH 8). C12A1 was found to be able to hydrolyze skimmed milk, gelatin, and Tween 80 but unable to hydrolyze starch and carboxymethylcellulose. C12A1 showed 98.87% and 98.50% identity in 16S rRNA gene sequence to P. halophilus and P. salipiscarius, respectively. Nevertheless, C12A1 was clustered within the clade consisting of P. salipiscarius strains, but it showed a distinct lineage. Thus, C12A1 was designated as Piscibacillus sp. Cell proliferation assay results showed that C12A1 broth extract (BEP) decreased cell viability in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, which was confirmed by the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Induction of cell toxicity was visualized by microscopy. Reverse Transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated that BEP inhibited the expression of proliferative B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and cell cycle marker Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) at transcript levels. Similarly, cell migration and colony formation along with mesenchymal marker vimentin and stem cell marker BMI transcripts were found to be inhibited when cells were treated with the BEP. The anti-breast cancer potential of C12A1 indicates that microorganisms inhabiting saline-alkaline habitats, with Piscibacillus sp. in particular, are a promising source for discovery of novel bioactive substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepesh Kumar Neelam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | - Akhil Agrawal
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | - Anuj Kumar Tomer
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | - Shreetama Bandyopadhayaya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | - Ankit Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | | | - Chandi C Mandal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
| | - Pawan K Dadheech
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri 305817, Ajmer, India.
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Salgaonkar BB, Sawant DT, Harinarayanan S, Bragança JM. Alpha-amylase Production by Extremely Halophilic ArchaeonHalococcusStrain GUVSC8. STARCH-STARKE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201800018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhakti B. Salgaonkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani; K K Birla, Goa Campus; NH-17B Zuarinagar 403 726 Goa India
- Department of Microbiology, Goa University; Taleigao Plateau; 403 206 Goa India
| | - Divya T. Sawant
- Department of Microbiology, Goa University; Taleigao Plateau; 403 206 Goa India
| | - Saranya Harinarayanan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani; K K Birla, Goa Campus; NH-17B Zuarinagar 403 726 Goa India
| | - Judith M. Bragança
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani; K K Birla, Goa Campus; NH-17B Zuarinagar 403 726 Goa India
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Biotechnological potential of bacteria isolated from cattle environments of desert soils in Sonora Mexico. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 35:4. [PMID: 30554397 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-018-2574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the hydrolytic potential of bacteria isolated from cattle environments of two desert soils in one of the driest and hottest zones in America. A total of 26 points were sampled, 144 strains were isolated, and 50 strains were selected for the characterization of esterase, lipase, protease, and amylase activities and for 16S rRNA identification. Strains of the Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Providencia, Escherichia, and Pantoea genera were identified. Comparisons of the proteolytic activity of the secretome from 14 strains (Bacillus n = 7, Escherichia n = 2; Providencia, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Pantoea and Acinetobacter n = 1) were performed. Four strains of Bacillus showed the highest proteolytic activity. These strains were characterized through a comparative analysis of pH and temperature as well as the effects of salt concentration on protease activity. Maximum proteolytic activity occurred in the range of pH 7-9 and temperatures between 50 and 70 °C for B. subtilis WD01, B. tequilensis WS11, B. tequilensis WS13, and B. tequilensis WS14. At a 20% NaCl concentration, the proteolytic activity retained was 71.4%, 65%, and 79.8% for WD01, WS11, and WS13, respectively; the activity of strain WS14 increased with 45% NaCl. Protease production by B. tequilensis WS14 with wheat, fish, and bone flours as low-cost substrates showed no differences between bone and fish flours and showed a decrease in protease production with wheat flour. The proteolytic activity in flour extracts with 20% NaCl was 82%, 75.61% and 38.04% for fish, bone and wheat flours, respectively. Data obtained in this work allow us to propose that strains isolated from environments with extreme conditions have a biotechnological potential.
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Orellana R, Macaya C, Bravo G, Dorochesi F, Cumsille A, Valencia R, Rojas C, Seeger M. Living at the Frontiers of Life: Extremophiles in Chile and Their Potential for Bioremediation. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2309. [PMID: 30425685 PMCID: PMC6218600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extremophiles are organisms capable of adjust, survive or thrive in hostile habitats that were previously thought to be adverse or lethal for life. Chile gathers a wide range of extreme environments: salars, geothermal springs, and geysers located at Altiplano and Atacama Desert, salars and cold mountains in Central Chile, and ice fields, cold lakes and fjords, and geothermal sites in Patagonia and Antarctica. The aims of this review are to describe extremophiles that inhabit main extreme biotopes in Chile, and their molecular and physiological capabilities that may be advantageous for bioremediation processes. After briefly describing the main ecological niches of extremophiles along Chilean territory, this review is focused on the microbial diversity and composition of these biotopes microbiomes. Extremophiles have been isolated in diverse zones in Chile that possess extreme conditions such as Altiplano, Atacama Desert, Central Chile, Patagonia, and Antarctica. Interesting extremophiles from Chile with potential biotechnological applications include thermophiles (e.g., Methanofollis tationis from Tatio Geyser), acidophiles (e.g., Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferriphilum from Atacama Desert and Central Chile copper ores), halophiles (e.g., Shewanella sp. Asc-3 from Altiplano, Streptomyces sp. HKF-8 from Patagonia), alkaliphiles (Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 from Altiplano), xerotolerant bacteria (S. atacamensis from Atacama Desert), UV- and Gamma-resistant bacteria (Deinococcus peraridilitoris from Atacama Desert) and psychrophiles (e.g., Pseudomonas putida ATH-43 from Antarctica). The molecular and physiological properties of diverse extremophiles from Chile and their application in bioremediation or waste treatments are further discussed. Interestingly, the remarkable adaptative capabilities of extremophiles convert them into an attractive source of catalysts for bioremediation and industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Orellana
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Constanza Macaya
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Guillermo Bravo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Flavia Dorochesi
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrés Cumsille
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ricardo Valencia
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Claudia Rojas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Michael Seeger
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química and Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
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50
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Remonsellez F, Castro-Severyn J, Pardo-Esté C, Aguilar P, Fortt J, Salinas C, Barahona S, León J, Fuentes B, Areche C, Hernández KL, Aguayo D, Saavedra CP. Characterization and Salt Response in Recurrent Halotolerant Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 Isolated From Sediments of Salar de Huasco, Chilean Altiplano. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2228. [PMID: 30294311 PMCID: PMC6158405 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-extremophiles microorganisms have the capacity to inhabit hostile environments and can survive several adverse conditions that include as variations in temperature, pH, and salinity, high levels UV light and atmospheric pressure, and even the presence of toxic compounds and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A halotolerant Exiguobacterium strain was isolated from Salar de Huasco (Chilean Altiplano), a well-known shallow lake area with variable salinity levels, little human intervention, and extreme environmental conditions, which makes it ideal for the study of resistant mechanisms and the evolution of adaptations. This bacterial genus has not been extensively studied, although its cosmopolitan location indicates that it has high levels of plasticity and adaptive capacity. However, to date, there are no studies regarding the tolerance and resistance to salinity and osmotic pressure. We set out to characterize the Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 strain and describe its phenotypical and genotypical response to osmotic stress. In this context, as a first step to characterize the response to the SH31 strain to salinity and to establish the bases for a molecular study, we proposed to compare its response under three salt conditions (0, 25, and 50 g/l NaCl). Using different physiology, genomic, and transcriptomic approaches, we determined that the bacterium is able to grow properly in a NaCl concentration of up to 50 g/l; however, the best growth rate was observed at 25 g/l. Although the presence of flagella is not affected by salinity, motility was diminished at 25 g/l NaCl and abolished at 50 g/l. Biofilm formation was induced proportionally with increases in salinity, which was expected. These phenotypic results correlated with the expression of related genes: fliG and fliS Motility); opuBA and putP (transport); glnA, proC, gltA, and gbsA (compatible solutes); ywqC, bdlA, luxS y pgaC (biofilm and stress response); and therefore, we conclude that this strain effectively modifies gene expression and physiology in a differential manner when faced with different concentrations of NaCl and these modifications aid survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Remonsellez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Tecnológica del Agua en el Desierto (CEITSAZA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Juan Castro-Severyn
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Coral Pardo-Esté
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Aguilar
- Lake and Glacier Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jonathan Fortt
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Cesar Salinas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Barahona
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Joice León
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Bárbara Fuentes
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Carlos Areche
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Klaudia L. Hernández
- Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Daniel Aguayo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia P. Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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