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Wu Y, Sun XR, Pritchard HW, Shen YB, Wu XQ, Peng CY. The metagenomics of soil bacteria and fungi and the release of mechanical dormancy in hard seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1187614. [PMID: 37441178 PMCID: PMC10335401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1187614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Persistence in the soil is a function of seed physiology, particularly non-germination and inherent lifespan. However, for seeds with mechanical dormancy, non-germination is also a function of the composition and activity of the soil microbiota. We attempted to screen out microorganisms in the soil that can specifically and rapidly decompose the hard fruit pericarps of Tilia miqueliana Maxim., a unique native tree species in China. Using the classical replica plating method, more than 100 different culturable microorganisms that could rapidly erode the pericarp were collected from the surface of pericarps under different culture conditions. At the same time, we successfully extended the concept of metagenomics and applied it to the identification of mixed artificial cultures. The decomposition process of the pericarps in soil was also simulated artificially. The physical and chemical data suggested a potential mechanism of microbial scarification and cracking in pericarp, whilst the embryos inside the eroded fruits retained good viability. Our discoveries could pave the way for the removal of physical and mechanical obstacles that prevent hard coat seeds from germinating. We anticipate that the use of this technology will improve the germination of other hard coat seeds. More research is needed to investigate the impacts on other seeds. The findings of this research can inform the design of experiments on the seed ecology of persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Sun
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hugh W. Pritchard
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst, Ardingly, Haywards Heath, West Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Bao Shen
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yin Peng
- College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Southern Tree Inspection Center National Forestry Administration, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Activity-Based Screening of Soil Samples from Nyingchi, Tibet, for Amylase-Producing Bacteria and Other Multifunctional Enzyme Capacities. Int J Microbiol 2022; 2022:2401766. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2401766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the interest in Tibetan soil as a promising source of functional enzymes with potential biotechnological applications, few studies have considered the screening and identification of amylase producing bacteria from Tibetan soil. Amylase has many applications in the food and feed industries, textile and biofuel production, and biomedical engineering. The area of amylase with specific properties is attracting growing attention because of its better application to various industrial conditions. This study aims to screen and identify amylase-producing strains from soil samples collected in Nyingchi, Tibet, and then explore whether the bacterial isolates are superior for unique enzymes. In this paper, a total of 127 amylase producing bacteria were isolated by activity-based screening of six Tibetan soil samples. The 16S rRNA gene survey then identified four major phyla, namely, firmicutes, bacteroidetes, proteobacteria, and actinobacteria, which were differentiated into twelve genera with a dominance of Bacillus (67.72%), followed by Pseudomonas (8.66%). Microbial diversity analysis revealed that the amylase-producing bacterial community of the Kadinggou forest soil sample showed the best variety (the Simpson index was 0.69 and the Shannon index was 0.85). The amylase activity assay of the bacterial isolates showed a mean of 0.66 U/mL at 28°C and pH 5.2. Based on the effect of temperatures and pHs on amylase activity, several bacterial isolates can produce thermophilic (50°C), psychrophilic (10°C), acidophilic (pH 4.2), and alkaliphilic (pH 10.2) amylases. Furthermore, four bacterial isolates were screened for amylase, protease, and esterase activities, which indicated multifunctional enzyme capacities. The present study is expected to contribute to our understanding of Tibetan microbial resources and their potential for scientific research and industrial applications.
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Nagaroor V, Gummadi SN. An overview of mammalian and microbial hormone-sensitive lipases (lipolytic family IV): biochemical properties and industrial applications. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-30. [PMID: 36154870 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2127071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, hormone-sensitive lipase (EC 3.1.1.79) is an intracellular lipase that significantly regulates lipid metabolism. Mammalian HSL is more active towards diacylglycerol but lacks a lid covering the active site. Dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, cancer, and cancer-associated cachexia are symptoms of HSL pathophysiology. Certain microbial proteins show a sequence homologous to the catalytic domain of mammalian HSL, hence called microbial HSL. They possess a funnel-shaped substrate-binding pocket and restricted length of acyl chain esters, thus known as esterases. These enzymes have broad substrate specificities and are capable of stereo, regio, and enantioselective, making them attractive biocatalysts in a wide range of industrial applications in the production of flavors, pharmaceuticals, biosensors, and fine chemicals. This review will provide insight into mammalian and microbial HSLs, their sources, structural features related to substrate specificity, thermal stability, and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Nagaroor
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology laboratory (AIM lab), Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Sathyanarayana N Gummadi
- Applied and Industrial Microbiology laboratory (AIM lab), Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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Lu M, Schneider D, Daniel R. Metagenomic Screening for Lipolytic Genes Reveals an Ecology-Clustered Distribution Pattern. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:851969. [PMID: 35756004 PMCID: PMC9226776 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.851969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipolytic enzymes are one of the most important enzyme types for application in various industrial processes. Despite the continuously increasing demand, only a small portion of the so far encountered lipolytic enzymes exhibit adequate stability and activities for biotechnological applications. To explore novel and/or extremophilic lipolytic enzymes, microbial consortia in two composts at thermophilic stage were analyzed using function-driven and sequence-based metagenomic approaches. Analysis of community composition by amplicon-based 16S rRNA genes and transcripts, and direct metagenome sequencing revealed that the communities of the compost samples were dominated by members of the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Chloroflexi. Function-driven screening of the metagenomic libraries constructed from the two samples yielded 115 unique lipolytic enzymes. The family assignment of these enzymes was conducted by analyzing the phylogenetic relationship and generation of a protein sequence similarity network according to an integrated classification system. The sequence-based screening was performed by using a newly developed database, containing a set of profile Hidden Markov models, highly sensitive and specific for detection of lipolytic enzymes. By comparing the lipolytic enzymes identified through both approaches, we demonstrated that the activity-directed complements sequence-based detection, and vice versa. The sequence-based comparative analysis of lipolytic genes regarding diversity, function and taxonomic origin derived from 175 metagenomes indicated significant differences between habitats. Analysis of the prevalent and distinct microbial groups providing the lipolytic genes revealed characteristic patterns and groups driven by ecological factors. The here presented data suggests that the diversity and distribution of lipolytic genes in metagenomes of various habitats are largely constrained by ecological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rolf Daniel
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Miguel-Ruano V, Rivera I, Rajkovic J, Knapik K, Torrado A, Otero JM, Beneventi E, Becerra M, Sánchez-Costa M, Hidalgo A, Berenguer J, González-Siso MI, Cruces J, Rúa ML, Hermoso JA. Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a novel thermophilic esterase EstD11 provide catalytic insights for the HSL family. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1214-1232. [PMID: 33680362 PMCID: PMC7905190 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel esterase, EstD11, has been discovered in a hot spring metagenomic library. It is a thermophilic and thermostable esterase with an optimum temperature of 60°C. A detailed substrate preference analysis of EstD11 was done using a library of chromogenic ester substrate that revealed the broad substrate specificity of EstD11 with significant measurable activity against 16 substrates with varied chain length, steric hindrance, aromaticity and flexibility of the linker between the carboxyl and the alcohol moiety of the ester. The tridimensional structures of EstD11 and the inactive mutant have been determined at atomic resolutions. Structural and bioinformatic analysis, confirm that EstD11 belongs to the family IV, the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) family, from the α/β-hydrolase superfamily. The canonical α/β-hydrolase domain is completed by a cap domain, composed by two subdomains that can unmask of the active site to allow the substrate to enter. Eight crystallographic complexes were solved with different substrates and reaction products that allowed identification of the hot-spots in the active site underlying the specificity of the protein. Crystallization and/or incubation of EstD11 at high temperature provided unique information on cap dynamics and a first glimpse of enzymatic activity in vivo. Very interestingly, we have discovered a unique Met zipper lining the active site and the cap domains that could be essential in pivotal aspects as thermo-stability and substrate promiscuity in EstD11.
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Key Words
- CHCA, cyclohexane carboxylic acid
- CMC, critical micellar concentration
- CV, column volume
- Crystal structure
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- DSF, Differential scanning fluorimetry
- Enzyme-substrate complex
- FLU, fluorescein
- HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase
- LDAO, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine N-oxide
- MNP, methyl-naproxen
- Metagenomic
- NP, naproxen
- PPL, Porcine Pancreatic Lipase
- Thermophilic esterase
- pNP, 4-nitrophenol
- α/β hydrolase fold
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Affiliation(s)
- Vega Miguel-Ruano
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivanna Rivera
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jelena Rajkovic
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Kamila Knapik
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Torrado
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel Becerra
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sánchez-Costa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurelio Hidalgo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Berenguer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Molecular Biology “Severo Ochoa” (UAM-CSIC), Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- EXPRELA Group, University A Coruña, Science Faculty, Advanced Scientific Research Center (CICA), A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - María L. Rúa
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CITACA-Agri-Food Research and Transfer Cluster, Campus Auga, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan A. Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical-Chemistry “Rocasolano”, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Verma S, Meghwanshi GK, Kumar R. Current perspectives for microbial lipases from extremophiles and metagenomics. Biochimie 2021; 182:23-36. [PMID: 33421499 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbial lipases are most broadly used biocatalysts for environmental and industrial applications. Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis and synthesis of long acyl chain esters and have a characteristic folding pattern of α/β hydrolase with highly conserved catalytic triad (Serine, Aspartic/Glutamic acid and Histidine). Mesophilic lipases (optimal activity in neutral pH range, mesophilic temperature range, atmospheric pressure, normal salinity, non-radio-resistant, and instability in organic solvents) have been in use for many industrial biotransformation reactions. However, lipases from extremophiles can be used to design biotransformation reactions with higher yields, less byproducts or useful side products and have been predicted to catalyze those reactions also, which otherwise are not possible with the mesophilic lipases. The extremophile lipase perform activity at extremes of temperature, pH, salinity, and pressure which can be screened from metagenome and de novo lipase design using computational approaches. Despite structural similarity, they exhibit great diversity at the sequence level. This diversity is broader when lipases from the bacterial, archaeal, plant, and animal domains/kingdoms are compared. Furthermore, a great diversity of novel lipases exists and can be discovered from the analysis of the dark matter - the unexplored nucleotide/metagenomic databases. This review is an update on extremophilic microbial lipases, their diversity, structure, and classification. An overview on novel lipases which have been detected through analysis of the genomic dark matter (metagenome) has also been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh University, Bikaner, 334004, India
| | | | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90185, Umeå, Sweden.
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Qiu J, Yang H, Yan Z, Shi Y, Zou D, Ding L, Shao Y, Li L, Khan U, Sun S, Xin Z. Characterization of XtjR8: A novel esterase with phthalate-hydrolyzing activity from a metagenomic library of lotus pond sludge. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1510-1518. [PMID: 32755708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A fosmid metagenomic library containing 9.7 × 104 clones was constructed. A novel esterase, XtjR8, was isolated through functional screening. XtjR8 shared the maximum amino acid identity (44%) with acetyl-hydrolase from Streptomyces hygroscopicus, and was classified into family IV esterase. XtjR8 exhibited the highest hydrolytic activity for p-nitrophenyl acetate at 40 °C and pH 8.0, and presented more than 40% activity from 20 °C to 80 °C. More importantly, XtjR8 displayed the ability to hydrolyze both phthalate monoesters and diesters, this feature is extremely rare among previously reported esterases. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments revealed that the catalytic triad residues were Ser152, Glu246, and His276. Among them, Ser152 formed a hydrogen bond with dibutyl phthalate (DBP) by molecular docking, Gly84, Gly85, and Leu248 of conserved motifs formed hydrophobic interactions with DBP, respectively, which were important for the catalytic activity. Considering its wide range of temperature and hydrolytic potential toward phthalate esters, XtjR8 will be served as an interesting candidate for biodegradation and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yaning Shi
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Dandan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Liping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yuting Shao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Longxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ummara Khan
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shengwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhihong Xin
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Noor H, Satti SM, Din SU, Farman M, Hasan F, Khan S, Badshah M, Shah AA. Insight on esterase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain S3 that depolymerize poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at ambient temperature. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Park JM, Kang CH, Won SM, Oh KH, Yoon JH. Characterization of a Novel Moderately Thermophilic Solvent-Tolerant Esterase Isolated From a Compost Metagenome Library. Front Microbiol 2020; 10:3069. [PMID: 32038535 PMCID: PMC6993047 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel esterase, EstCS1, was isolated from a compost metagenomics library. The EstCS1 protein, which consists of 309 amino acid residues with an anticipated molecular mass of 34 kDa, showed high amino acid sequence identities to predicted esterases and alpha/beta hydrolases (59%) from some cultured bacteria and to predicted lipases/esterases from uncultured bacteria. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the EstCS1 belongs to the hormone-sensitive lipase family of lipolytic enzyme classification and contains a catalytic triad including Ser155–Asp255–His285. The Ser155 residue of the catalytic triad in the EstCS1 was located in the consensus active-site motif, GXSXG. Besides, a conserved HGGG motif placed in an oxyanion hole of the hormone-sensitive lipase family was discovered, too. The EstCS1 demonstrated the highest activity toward p-nitrophenyl propionate (C3) and caproate (C6) and was normally stable up to 60°C with optimal activity at 50°C. In addition, an optimal activity was observed at pH 8, and the EstCS1 possessed its stability within the pH range between 5 and 10. Interestingly, EstCS1 had an outstanding stability in up to 30% (v/v) organic solvents and activity over 50% in the presence of 50% (v/v) acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and N,N-dimethylformamide. The EstCS1 hydrolyzed sterically hindered tertiary alcohol esters of t-butyl acetate and linalyl acetate. Considering the properties, such as the moderate thermostability, stability against organic solvents, and activity toward esters of tertiary alcohols, the EstCS1 will be worthwhile to be used for organic synthesis and related industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Chul-Hyung Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.,Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Program, School of Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Min Won
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hoon Oh
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Hettiarachchi SA, Kwon YK, Lee Y, Jo E, Eom TY, Kang YH, Kang DH, De Zoysa M, Marasinghe SD, Oh C. Characterization of an acetyl xylan esterase from the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica and its synergism with xylanase on beechwood xylan. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:122. [PMID: 31286972 PMCID: PMC6615230 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetyl xylan esterase plays an important role in the complete enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. It hydrolyzes the ester linkages of acetic acid in xylan and supports and enhances the activity of xylanase. This study was conducted to identify and overexpress the acetyl xylan esterase (AXE) gene revealed by the genomic sequencing of the marine bacterium Ochrovirga pacifica. RESULTS The AXE gene has an 864-bp open reading frame that encodes 287 aa and consists of an AXE domain from aa 60 to 274. Gene was cloned to pET-16b vector and expressed the recombinant AXE (rAXE) in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The predicted molecular mass was 31.75 kDa. The maximum specific activity (40.08 U/mg) was recorded at the optimal temperature and pH which were 50 °C and pH 8.0, respectively. The thermal stability assay showed that AXE maintains its residual activity almost constantly throughout and after incubation at 45 °C for 120 min. The synergism of AXE with xylanase on beechwood xylan, increased the relative activity 1.41-fold. CONCLUSION Resulted higher relative activity of rAXE with commercially available xylanase on beechwood xylan showed its potential for the use of rAXE in industrial purposes as a de-esterification enzyme to hydrolyze xylan and hemicellulose-like complex substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachithra Amarin Hettiarachchi
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences & Technology, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Young-Kyung Kwon
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngdeuk Lee
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Jo
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yang Eom
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeok Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kang
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Svini Dileepa Marasinghe
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhong Oh
- Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iljudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Gricajeva A, Bikutė I, Kalėdienė L. Atypical organic-solvent tolerant bacterial hormone sensitive lipase-like homologue EstAG1 from Staphylococcus saprophyticus AG1: Synthesis and characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:253-265. [PMID: 30797006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysts exerting activity against ester bonds have a broad range of applications in modern biotechnology. Some of the most industrially relevant enzymes of this type are lipolytic and their market is predicted to uphold leadership up till 2024. In this study, a novel bacterial hormone-sensitive lipase-like (bHSL) family homologue, designated EstAG1, was discovered by mining gDNA of bacteria isolated from fat contaminated soil in Lithuania. Putative lipolytic enzyme was cloned, overexpressed in E. coli, purified and characterized determining its biochemical properties. While the true physiological role of the discovered leaderless, ~36 kDa enzyme is unknown, metal-activated EstAG1 possessed optima at 45-47.5 °C, pH 7.5-8, with a generally intermediate activity profile between esterases and lipases. Furthermore, EstAG1 was hyperactivated by ethanol, dioxane and DMSO, implicating that it could be industrially applicable enzyme for the synthesis of valuable products such as biodiesel, flavor esters, etc. Sequence analysis and structure modeling revealed that the highest sequence homology of EstAG1 with the closest structurally and functionally described protein makes up only 26%. It was also revealed that EstAG1 has some differences in the bHSL family-characteristic conserved sequence motives. Therefore, EstAG1 presents interest both in terms of biotechnological applications and basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gricajeva
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ingrida Bikutė
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lilija Kalėdienė
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio av. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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12
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Wang Y, Xu S, Li R, Sun A, Zhang Y, Sai K, Hu Y. Characterization of one novel microbial esterase WDEst9 and its use to make l-methyl lactate. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2018.1526926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renqiang Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Sai
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Production and characterization of a novel acidophilic and thermostable xylanase from Thermoascus aurantiacu. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:1270-1279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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14
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Improvement of extracellular lipase production by a newly isolated Yarrowia lipolytica mutant and its application in the biosynthesis of L-ascorbyl palmitate. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 106:302-311. [PMID: 28827135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica Wt-11 producing an extracellular lipase was isolated and identified. To improve the lipase production, Y. lipolytica Wt-11 was subjected to low-energy ion implantation mutation breeding, and a best mutant, Y. lipolytica Mut-96, was obtained after screening. Under the optimal cultivation conditions, the scaled-up production of lipases were performed, and the lipase activity of Y. lipolytica Mut-96 was enhanced nearly 5.5-fold compared with that of Y. lipolytica Wt-11. After fermentation, the lipases were purified, and the characteristics of the purified lipases were studied. The optimum temperatures and pHs for lipases from Wt-11and Mut-96 were 30°C and 8.0, respectively. The purified lipases were stable between pH 7.0 and 8.5 and unstable at temperatures above 40°C. The lipase activities were enhanced by Ca2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ and SDS. The synthesis of L-ascorbyl palmitate via esterification with L-ascorbic acid and palmitic acid by immobilized lipases from Wt-11 and Mut-96 in organic media was investigated, and the L-ascorbyl palmitate can be respectively produced at levels of 14.8 and 27.5g/L.
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15
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Jiang S, Huang J, Lu H, Liu J, Yan C. Optimisation for assay of fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity as a sensitive tool to evaluate impacts of pollutants and nutrients on microbial activity in coastal sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 110:424-431. [PMID: 27315754 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) assay has been widely applied in coastal research to quantify microbial activity in sediments. However, the present FDA assay procedures embodied in sediment studies potentially include operational errors since the protocol was established for studies of terrestrial soil. In the present study, we optimised the procedure of FDA assay using sandy and cohesive sediments to improve experiential sensitivity and reproducibility. The optimised method describes quantitative measurement of the fluorescein produced when 1.0g of fresh sediment is incubated with 50mM phosphate buffer solution (pH: 7.3) and glass beads (2g) at 35°C for 1h under a rotation of 50rpm. The covariation coefficient of the optimised method ranged from 1.9% to 3.8% and the method sensitivity ranged from 0.25 to 1.57. The improved protocol provides a more reliable measurement of the FDA hydrolysis rate over a wide range of sediments compared to the original method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, 361005, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, 361005, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, 361005, China
| | - JingChun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, 361005, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, 361005, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Sun A, Hu Y. Characterization of a novel marine microbial esterase and its use to make D-methyl lactate. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(16)62495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Functional Characterization of a Robust Marine Microbial Esterase and Its Utilization in the Stereo-Selective Preparation of Ethyl (S)-3-Hydroxybutyrate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:1196-1212. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Immobilization of a novel cold active esterase onto Fe3O4∼cellulose nano-composite enhances catalytic properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 87:488-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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19
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Characterization of a novel cold active and salt tolerant esterase from Zunongwangia profunda. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 85:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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A cold-adapted, solvent and salt tolerant esterase from marine bacterium Psychrobacter pacificensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Fang Y, Wang S, Liu S, Jiao Y. Discovery a novel organic solvent tolerant esterase from Salinispora arenicola CNP193 through genome mining. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 80:334-40. [PMID: 26118483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An esterase gene, encoding a 325-amino-acid protein (SAestA), was mined form obligate marine actinomycete strain Salinispora arenicola CNP193 genome sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence showed that the enzyme belonged to the family IV of lipolytic enzymes. The gene was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged protein, purified and characterized. The molecular weight of His-tagged SAestA is ∼38 kDa. SAestA-His6 was active in a temperature (5-40 °C) and pH range (7.0-11.0), and maximal activity was determined at pH 9.0 and 30 °C. The activity was severely inhibited by Hg(2+), Cu(2+), and Zn(2+). In particular, this enzyme showed remarkable stability in presence of organic solvents (25%, v/v) with log P>2.0 even after incubation for 7 days. All these characteristics suggested that SAestA may be a potential candidate for application in industrial processes in aqueous/organic media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowei Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yuliang Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Marine Resources Development Research Institute, Lianyungang, 222000, China; Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
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22
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López-López O, Cerdán ME, González Siso MI. New extremophilic lipases and esterases from metagenomics. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2015; 15:445-55. [PMID: 24588890 PMCID: PMC4093774 DOI: 10.2174/1389203715666140228153801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipolytic enzymes catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in the presence of water. In media with low water content or in organic solvents, they can catalyze synthetic reactions such as esterification and transesterification. Lipases and esterases, in particular those from extremophilic origin, are robust enzymes, functional under the harsh conditions of industrial processes owing to their inherent thermostability and resistance towards organic solvents, which combined with their high chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity make them very attractive biocatalysts for a variety of industrial applications. Likewise, enzymes from extremophile sources can provide additional features such as activity at extreme temperatures, extreme pH values or high salinity levels, which could be interesting for certain purposes. New lipases and esterases have traditionally been discovered by the isolation of microbial strains producing lipolytic activity. The Genome Projects Era allowed genome mining, exploiting homology with known lipases and esterases, to be used in the search for new enzymes. The Metagenomic Era meant a step forward in this field with the study of the metagenome, the pool of genomes in an environmental microbial community. Current molecular biology techniques make it possible to construct total environmental DNA libraries, including the genomes of unculturable organisms, opening a new window to a vast field of unknown enzymes with new and unique properties. Here, we review the latest advances and findings from research into new extremophilic lipases and esterases, using metagenomic approaches, and their potential industrial and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria I González Siso
- University of A Coruna, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Area. Campus A Zapateira s/n, 15071, A Coruna, Spain.
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23
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De Santi C, Ambrosino L, Tedesco P, Zhai L, Zhou C, Xue Y, Ma Y, de Pascale D. Identification and characterization of a novel salt-tolerant esterase from a Tibetan glacier metagenomic library. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:890-9. [PMID: 25920073 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A salt-tolerant esterase, designated H9Est, was identified from a metagenomic library of the Karuola glacier. H9Est gene comprised 1071 bp and encoded a polypeptide of 357 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed that H9Est belonged to the family IV of bacterial lypolitic enzyme. H9Est was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and the purified enzyme showed hydrolytic activity towards p-nitrophenyl esters with carbon chain from 2 to 8. The optimal esterase activity was at 40°C and pH 8.0 and the enzyme retained its activity towards some miscible organic solvents such as polyethylene glycol. A three-dimensional model of H9Est revealed that S200, D294, and H324 formed the H9Est catalytic triad. Circular Dichroism spectra and molecular dynamic simulation indicated that the esterase had a wide denaturation temperature range and flexible loops that would be beneficial for H9Est performance at low temperatures while retaining heat-resistant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta De Santi
- Inst. of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, I-80131, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosino
- Inst. of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, I-80131, Italy
| | - Pietro Tedesco
- Inst. of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, I-80131, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Yanhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources and National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes, Inst. of Microbiology, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
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24
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Rodríguez MC, Loaces I, Amarelle V, Senatore D, Iriarte A, Fabiano E, Noya F. Est10: A Novel Alkaline Esterase Isolated from Bovine Rumen Belonging to the New Family XV of Lipolytic Enzymes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126651. [PMID: 25973851 PMCID: PMC4431682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A metagenomic fosmid library from bovine rumen was used to identify clones with lipolytic activity. One positive clone was isolated. The gene responsible for the observed phenotype was identified by in vitro transposon mutagenesis and sequencing and was named est10. The 367 amino acids sequence harbors a signal peptide, the conserved secondary structure arrangement of alpha/beta hydrolases, and a GHSQG pentapeptide which is characteristic of esterases and lipases. Homology based 3D-modelling confirmed the conserved spatial orientation of the serine in a nucleophilic elbow. By sequence comparison, Est10 is related to hydrolases that are grouped into the non-specific Pfam family DUF3089 and to other characterized esterases that were recently classified into the new family XV of lipolytic enzymes. Est10 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tagged fusion protein, purified and biochemically characterized. Est10 showed maximum activity towards C4 aliphatic chains and undetectable activity towards C10 and longer chains which prompted its classification as an esterase. However, it was able to efficiently catalyze the hydrolysis of aryl esters such as methyl phenylacetate and phenyl acetate. The optimum pH of this enzyme is 9.0, which is uncommon for esterases, and it exhibits an optimal temperature at 40°C. The activity of Est10 was inhibited by metal ions, detergents, chelating agents and additives. We have characterized an alkaline esterase produced by a still unidentified bacterium belonging to a recently proposed new family of esterases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbianas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Inés Loaces
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbianas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vanesa Amarelle
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbianas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniella Senatore
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Iriarte
- Departamento de Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Elena Fabiano
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbianas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Noya
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Genómica Microbianas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas "Clemente Estable", Montevideo, Uruguay
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25
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Esteban-Torres M, Mancheño JM, de las Rivas B, Muñoz R. Characterization of a cold-active esterase from Lactobacillus plantarum suitable for food fermentations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5126-5132. [PMID: 24856291 DOI: 10.1021/jf501493z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum is a lactic acid bacteria that can be found in numerous fermented foods. Esterases from L. plantarum exert a fundamental role in food aroma. In the present study, the gene lp_2631 encoding a putative esterase was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and the overproduced Lp_2631 protein has been biochemically characterized. Lp_2631 exhibited optimal esterase activity at 20 °C and more than 90% of maximal activity at 5 °C, being the first cold-active esterase described in a lactic acid bacteria. Lp_2631 exhibited 40% of its maximal activity after 2 h of incubation at 65 °C. Lp_2631 also showed marked activity in the presence of compounds commonly found in food fermentations, such as NaCl, ethanol, or lactic acid. The results suggest that Lp_2631 might be a useful esterase to be used in food fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Esteban-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Zhang S, Wu G, Liu Z, Shao Z, Liu Z. Characterization of EstB, a novel cold-active and organic solvent-tolerant esterase from marine microorganism Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5(T). Extremophiles 2013; 18:251-9. [PMID: 24318107 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel esterase gene, estB, was cloned from the marine microorganism Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5(T) and overexpressed in E. coli DE3 (BL21). The expressed protein EstB with a predicted molecular weight of 45.1 kDa had a distinct catalytic triad (Ser(211)-Trp(353)-Gln(385)) and the classical consensus motif conserved in most lipases and esterases Gly(209)-X-Ser(211)-X-Gly(213). EstB showed very low similarity to any known proteins and displayed the highest similarity to the hypothetical protein (46%) from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1. EstB showed the optimal activity around pH 8.5 and 20 °C and was identified to be extremely cold-adaptative retaining more than 95% activity between 0 and 10 °C. The values of kinetic parameters on p-NP caproate (K m, K cat and K cat/K m) were 0.15 mM, 0.54 × 10(3) s(-1) and 3.6 × 10(3) s(-1) mM(-1), respectively. In addition, EstB showed remarkable stability in several studied organic solvents and detergents of high concentrations with the retention of more than 70% activity after treatment for 30 min. The cold activity and its tolerance towards organic solvents made it a promising biocatalyst for industrial applications under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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27
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Mohamed YM, Ghazy MA, Sayed A, Ouf A, El-Dorry H, Siam R. Isolation and characterization of a heavy metal-resistant, thermophilic esterase from a Red Sea brine pool. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3358. [PMID: 24285146 PMCID: PMC6506439 DOI: 10.1038/srep03358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Red Sea Atlantis II brine pool is an extreme environment that displays multiple harsh conditions such as high temperature, high salinity and high concentrations of multiple, toxic heavy metals. The survival of microbes in such an environment by utilizing resistant enzymes makes them an excellent source of extremophilic enzymes. We constructed a fosmid metagenomic library using DNA isolated from the deepest and most secluded layer of this pool. We report the isolation and biochemical characterization of an unusual esterase: EstATII. EstATII is thermophilic (optimum temperature, 65°C), halotolerant (maintains its activity in up to 4.5 M NaCl) and maintains at least 60% of its activity in the presence of a wide spectrum of heavy metals. The combination of biochemical characteristics of the Red Sea Atlantis II brine pool esterase, i.e., halotolerance, thermophilicity and resistance to heavy metals, makes it a potentially useful biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine M Mohamed
- 1] Biology Department, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt [2] YJ-The Science and Technology Research Center, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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28
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Isolation and characterization of a metagenome-derived thermoalkaliphilic esterase with high stability over a broad pH range. Extremophiles 2013; 17:1013-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-013-0583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Strategy for screening metagenomic resources for exocellulase activity using a robotic, high-throughput screening system. J Microbiol Methods 2013; 94:311-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Characterization and application of a newly synthesized 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012. [PMID: 23179467 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A codon-optimized 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate aldolase (DERA) gene was newly synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli to investigate its biochemical properties and applications in synthesis of statin intermediates. The expressed DERA was purified and characterized using 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate as the substrate. The specific activity of recombinant DERA was 1.8 U/mg. The optimum pH and temperature for DERA activity were pH 7.0 and 35 °C, respectively. The recombinant DERA was stable at pH 4.0-7.0 and at temperatures below 50 °C. The enzyme activity was inhibited by 1 mM of Ni(2+), Ba(2+) and Fe(2+). The apparent K (m) and V (max) values of purified enzyme for 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate were 0.038 mM and 2.9 μmol min(-1) mg(-1), for 2-deoxyribose were 0.033 mM and 2.59 μmol min(-1) mg(-1), respectively, which revealed that the enzyme had similar catalytic efficiency towards phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated substrates. To synthesize statin intermediates, the bioconversion process for production of (3R, 5S)-6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose from chloroacetaldehyde and acetaldehyde by the recombinant DERA was developed and a conversion of 94.4 % was achieved. This recombinant DERA could be a potential candidate for application in production of (3R, 5S)-6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose.
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31
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Biver S, Vandenbol M. Characterization of three new carboxylic ester hydrolases isolated by functional screening of a forest soil metagenomic library. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 40:191-200. [PMID: 23160923 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-012-1217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Three new lipolytic genes were isolated from a forest soil metagenomic library by functional screening on tributyrin agar plates. The genes SBLip1, SBLip2 and SBLip5.1 respectively encode polypeptides of 445, 346 and 316 amino acids. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that SBLip2 and SBLip5.1 belong to bacterial esterase/lipase family IV, whereas SBLip1 shows similarity to class C β-lactamases and is thus related to esterase family VIII. The corresponding genes were overexpressed and their products purified by affinity chromatography for characterization. Analyses of substrate specificity with different p-nitrophenyl esters showed that all three enzymes have a preference for short-acyl-chain p-nitrophenyl esters, a feature of carboxylesterases as opposed to lipases. The β-lactamase activity of SBLip1, measured with the chromogenic substrate nitrocefin, was very low. The three esterases have the same optimal pH (pH 10) and remain active across a relatively broad pH range, displaying more than 60 % activity between pH 6 and 10. The temperature optima determined were 35 °C for SBLip1, 45 °C for SBLip2 and 50 °C for SBLip5.1. The three esterases displayed different levels of tolerance to salts, solvents and detergents, SBLip2 being overall more tolerant to high concentrations of solvent and SBLip5.1 less affected by detergents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Biver
- Unité de Microbiologie et Génomique, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège, Avenue Maréchal Juin 6, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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