1
|
Liu S, Qin Y, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhou J, He B, Liang X, Xian L, Wu J. A novel pectate lyase with high specific activity from Bacillus sp. B58-2: Gene cloning, heterologous expression and use in ramie degumming. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 175:110395. [PMID: 38237242 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Pectinase plays a crucial role in ramie degumming. A gene encoding a putative pectate lyase from Bacillus sp. strain B58-2 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. The amplified gene BvelPL1 encoded a mature protein of 400 amino acids. BvelPL1 shared the highest amino acid sequence identity (78.75%) with the enzymatically characterized pectate lyase Pel from Bacillus subtilis strain RCK (GenBank: AFH66771.1). The purified recombinant enzyme rBvelPL1-Ec exhibited a maximum specific activity of 2433.26 U/mg at pH 8.5 and 50 °C towards polygalacturonic acid. This specific activity was higher than that of most reported pectate lyases. Remarkably, the enzymatic activity of rBvelPL1-Ec increased by 23.28 times in the presence of 0.4 mM calcium ion. The effect of calcium ion on promoting the enzymatic activity of rBvelPL1-Ec was greater than that for all reported pectate lyases. After degumming with rBvelPL1-Ec, a weight loss of 21.27 ± 1.17% of circled ramie fibers was obtained, and the surfaces of the ramie fibers became smoother. Moreover, a weight loss of 30.47 ± 0.46% was obtained through enzymatic treated and subsequent NaOH treated circled ramie fibers. The excellent performance in degumming suggests that rBvelPL1-Ec may serve as a promising biocatalyst in the textile industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Liu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yan Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, PR China
| | - Qingyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Baoxiang He
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xinquan Liang
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Liang Xian
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, PR China.
| | - Junhua Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Non-food Biomass Energy Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cuebas‐Irizarry MF, Grunden AM. Streptomyces spp. as biocatalyst sources in pulp and paper and textile industries: Biodegradation, bioconversion and valorization of waste. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14258. [PMID: 37017414 PMCID: PMC10832569 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex polymers represent a challenge for remediating environmental pollution and an opportunity for microbial-catalysed conversion to generate valorized chemicals. Members of the genus Streptomyces are of interest because of their potential use in biotechnological applications. Their versatility makes them excellent sources of biocatalysts for environmentally responsible bioconversion, as they have a broad substrate range and are active over a wide range of pH and temperature. Most Streptomyces studies have focused on the isolation of strains, recombinant work and enzyme characterization for evaluating their potential for biotechnological application. This review discusses reports of Streptomyces-based technologies for use in the textile and pulp-milling industry and describes the challenges and recent advances aimed at achieving better biodegradation methods featuring these microbial catalysts. The principal points to be discussed are (1) Streptomyces' enzymes for use in dye decolorization and lignocellulosic biodegradation, (2) biotechnological processes for textile and pulp and paper waste treatment and (3) challenges and advances for textile and pulp and paper effluent treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mara F. Cuebas‐Irizarry
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyNorth Carolina State UniversityPlant Sciences Building Rm 2323, 840 Oval DrRaleighNorth Carolina27606USA
| | - Amy M. Grunden
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyNorth Carolina State UniversityPlant Sciences Building Rm 2323, 840 Oval DrRaleighNorth Carolina27606USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saadoun I, Mahasneh A, Odat JD, Al-Joubori B, Elsheikh E. Cloning, sequencing, and characterizing of soil antibiotic active-producing Streptomyces species-specific DNA markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103854. [PMID: 38020227 PMCID: PMC10651690 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Association of the antibiotic activity of the soil Streptomyces isolates to their genetic profiles analyzed through RAPD-PCR fingerprints prompted us here in this study to use the most common bands as specific markers to identify homologous proteins within these isolates by cloning, sequencing, and characterizing these markers. Six out of twelve DNA bands ranged between 600 and 1350 bp previously obtained by RAPD-PCR analysis were purified out of the RAPD gels, and then cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector system. Success of the cloning process was confirmed by digesting purified plasmids with EcoRI. The clones namely No. 54, 55, 20, 56, 57, and 58 were sequenced using the DNA BigDye Terminator Sequencing System utilizing the M13 primer. Results indicated that the size of the inserted sequences is 599, 566, 522, 870, 857, and 254 bp, in clones No. 54. 55, 20, 56, 57, and 58, respectively. Homologous proteins of the six cloned sequences generated by DNA blast software indicated that the highest score of protein homology was scored for clone No. 54 with 87 % homology to putative secreted pectate lyase [Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)]. The other clones showed less homology with 77 % homology for the clones No. 55 and 56, 73 % homology for the clone No. 20, and 55 % homology for the clones No. 57 and 58. The association of homologous proteins to the reported RAPD pattern is confirmed here for the first time, and the resulting DNA cloned fragments deserve further molecular analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Saadoun
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amjad Mahasneh
- Department of Biology, Chemistry & Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jazi D. Odat
- Applied Technology High School, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ban Al-Joubori
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elsiddig Elsheikh
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li P, Wei X, Wang Y, Liu H, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Li J, Wang J, Guo C, Sui S, Wang J, Wang R. Improvement of optimum pH and specific activity of pectate lyase from Bacillus RN.1 using loop replacement. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1242123. [PMID: 37469444 PMCID: PMC10352616 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1242123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alkaline pectate lyase plays an important role in papermaking, biological refining and wastewater treatment, but its industrial applications are largely limited owing to its low activity and poor alkali resistance. Methods: The alkaline pectate lyase BspPel from Bacillus RN.1 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and its activity and alkali resistance were improved by loop replacement. Simultaneously, the effect of R260 on enzyme alkaline tolerance was also explored. Results: Recombinant pectate lyase (BspPel-th) showed the highest activity at 60°C and pH 11.0, and showed significant stability over a wide pH range (3.0-11.0). The specific enzyme activity after purification was 139.4 U/mg, which was 4.4 times higher than that of the wild-type enzyme. BspPel-th has good affinity for apple pectin, since the V max and K m were 29 μmol/min. mL and 0.46 mol/L, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation results showed that the flexibility of the loop region of BspPel-th was improved. Conclusion: The modified BspPel-th has considerable potential for industrial applications with high pH processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanpeng Xu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junlin Li
- Zhucheng Dongxiao Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- Zhucheng Dongxiao Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanzhuang Guo
- Zhucheng Dongxiao Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Songsen Sui
- Zhucheng Dongxiao Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Zhucheng, Shandong, China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nadhifah H, Rahmani N, Mangunwardoyo W, Yopi, Atikana A, Ratnakomala S, Lisdiyanti P. Xylanopectinolytic enzymes by marine actinomycetes from sediments of Sarena Kecil, North Sulawesi: high potential to produce galacturonic acid and xylooligosaccharides from raw biomass. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:31. [PMID: 36920661 PMCID: PMC10017887 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinomycetes isolated from marine habitats are known to have the potential for novel enzymes that are beneficial in the industry. In-depth knowledge is necessary given the variety of this bacterial group in Indonesia and the lack of published research. Actinomycetes isolates (BLH 5-14) obtained from marine sediments of Sarena Kecil, Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, showed an ability to produce pectinase and xylanase that have equal or even higher potential for pectic-oligosaccharides (POS) and xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production from raw biomass than from commercial substrates. This study's objective was to characterize both enzymes to learn more for future research and development. RESULTS Pectinase had the highest activity on the 6th day (1.44±0.08 U/mL) at the optimum pH of 8.0 and optimum temperature of 50 °C. Xylanase had the maximum activity on the 6th day (4.33±0.03 U/mL) at optimum pH 6.0 and optimum temperature 60 °C. Hydrolysis and thin layer chromatography also showed that pectinase was able to produce monosaccharides such as galacturonic acid (P1), and xylanase was able to yield oligosaccharides such as xylotriose (X3), xylotetraose (X4), and xylopentaose (X5). BLH 5-14 identified as the genus Streptomyces based on the 16S rDNA sequences and the closely related species Streptomyces tendae (99,78%). CONCLUSIONS In the eco-friendly paper bleaching industry, Streptomyces tendae has demonstrated the potential to create enzymes with properties that can be active in a wide range of pH levels. The oligosaccharides have the potential as prebiotics or dietary supplements with anti-cancer properties. Further research is needed to optimize the production, purification, and development of the application of pectinase and xylanase enzymes produced by Actinomycetes isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Nadhifah
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Nanik Rahmani
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Wibowo Mangunwardoyo
- Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Pondok Cina, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia
| | - Yopi
- Deputy of Regional Research and Innovation Agency, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. M.H. Thamrin No.8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Akhirta Atikana
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Shanti Ratnakomala
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Puspita Lisdiyanti
- Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, Organization Research of Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharma N, Sahoo D, Rai AK, Singh SP. A highly alkaline pectate lyase from the Himalayan hot spring metagenome and its bioscouring applications. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
7
|
Wu P, Yang S, Zhan Z, Zhang G. Origins and features of pectate lyases and their applications in industry. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7247-7260. [PMID: 32666183 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pectate lyase treatment can be an alternative strategy of the chemical processing, which causes severe environmental pollution, and has been broadly studied and applied for diverse industrial applications including textile industry, beverage industry, pulp processing, pectic wastewater pretreatment, and oil extraction. This review gave a brief description of the origins, enzymatic characterizations, structure, and applications of pectate lyases (Pels). Most of the reported pectate lyases are originated from microorganisms with a small number of them from plants and animals. Due to the diverse environments that these microorganisms exist, Pels present diversified features, especially for the range of optimal pH and temperature. The diversified biochemical properties of Pels define their applications in different industries, and the applications of alkaline Pels on cotton bioscouring and ramie degumming in textile industry were focused in this review. This review also discussed the perspectives of the development and applications of Pels. KEY POINTS: • The first review on pectate lyase focusing on biotechnological applications. • Origins, features, structures, applications of pectate lyases reviewed. • Applications of alkaline Pels in textile industry demonstrated. • Perspectives on future development and applications of Pels discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Wuhan Sunhy Biology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zhichun Zhan
- Wuhan Sunhy Biology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, 430206, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Potential applications of extracellular enzymes from Streptomyces spp. in various industries. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1597-1615. [PMID: 32451592 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01898-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular enzymes produced from Streptomyces have the potential to replace toxic chemicals that are being used in various industries. The endorsement of this replacement has not received a better platform in developing countries. In this review, we have discussed the impact of chemicals and conventional practices on environmental health, and the role of extracellular enzymes to replace these practices. Burning of fossil fuels and agriculture residue is a global issue, but the production of biofuel using extracellular enzymes may be the single key to solve all these issues. We have discussed the replacement of hazardous chemicals with the use of xylanase, cellulase, and pectinase in food industries. In paper industries, delignification was done by the chemical treatment, but xylanase and laccase have the efficient potential to remove the lignin from pulp. In textile industries, the conventional method includes the chemicals which affect the nervous system and other organs. The use of xylanase, cellulase, and pectinase in different processes can give a safe and environment-friendly option to textile industries. Hazardous chemical pesticides can be replaced by the use of chitinase as an insecticide and fungicide in agricultural practices.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdollahzadeh R, Pazhang M, Najavand S, Fallahzadeh-Mamaghani V, Amani-Ghadim AR. Screening of pectinase-producing bacteria from farmlands and optimization of enzyme production from selected strain by RSM. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:705-719. [PMID: 32026289 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Pectinolytic enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of substrates containing pectin are widespread. Pectinases have potential applications in various industries, including food, animal feed, textile, paper, and fuel. In this study, one hundred bacterial isolates were collected from Marand city farmlands (Azarbaijan-E-Sharqi, Iran) and screened by MP medium on the base of pectinase activity considering the significance of pectinases. The results depicted that three isolates showed the most pectinase activity (more massive halo). The biochemical and molecular test results showed that the three screened bacteria were Enterobacter and named Enterobacter sp. MF41, Enterobacter sp. MF84, and Enterobacter sp. MF90. Enterobacter sp. MF84 had the largest halo, so this strain was selected for the study of its produced pectinase. The results exhibited that the produced enzyme has optimum temperature and pH for activity at 30 °C and in 9, respectively. Finally, the enzyme production by Enterobacter sp. MF84 is optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) considering four factors (NH4Cl, K2HPO4, pectin, and incubation time) as variables. The results showed that the optimization procedure increased the enzyme production up to 12 times (from 1.16 to 14.16 U/mg). The Pareto analysis revealed that ammonium chloride has a significant role in decreasing the enzyme production, probably by inducing the nitrification pathway enzymes in the presence of organic nitrogen in Enterobacter sp. MF84.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pazhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Saeed Najavand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Reza Amani-Ghadim
- Applied Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Screening of a Novel Polysaccharide Lyase Family 10 Pectate Lyase from Paenibacillus polymyxa KF-1: Cloning, Expression and Characterization. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112774. [PMID: 30373112 PMCID: PMC6278402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectate lyase (EC 4.2.2.2) catalyzes the cleavage of α-1,4-glycosidic bonds of pectin polymers, and it has potential uses in the textile industry. In this study, a novel pectate lyase belonging to polysaccharide lyase family 10 was screened from the secreted enzyme extract of Paenibacillus polymyxa KF-1 and identified by liquid chromatography-MS/MS. The gene was cloned from P. polymyxa KF-1 genomic DNA and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme PpPel10a had a predicted Mr of 45.2 kDa and pI of 9.41. Using polygalacturonic acid (PGA) as substrate, the optimal conditions for PpPel10a reaction were determined to be 50 °C and pH 9.0, respectively. The Km, vmax and kcat values of PpPel10a with PGA as substrate were 0.12 g/L, 289 μmol/min/mg, and 202.3 s−1, respectively. Recombinant PpPel10a degraded citrus pectin, producing unsaturated mono- and oligogalacturonic acids. PpPel10a reduced the viscosity of PGA, and weight loss of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) fibers was observed after treatment with the enzyme alone (22.5%) or the enzyme in combination with alkali (26.3%). This enzyme has potential for use in plant fiber processing.
Collapse
|
11
|
Improving the specific activity and thermo-stability of alkaline pectate lyase from Bacillus subtilis 168 for bioscouring. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Zhou M, Wu J, Wang T, Gao L, Yin H, Lü X. The purification and characterization of a novel alkali-stable pectate lyase produced by Bacillus subtilis PB1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:190. [PMID: 28975516 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pectinase is an important kind of enzyme with many industrial applications, among which pectinases produced by bacteria were scarce compared with fungal sources. In this study, a novel bacterium which produced extracellular pectinase was firstly isolated from flue-cured tobacco leaves and identified as Bacillus subtilis PB1 according to its 16S rRNA gene. The pectinolytic enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography, after which molecular weight was determined as 43.1 ± 0.5 kDa by SDS-PAGE. Peptide mass fingerprinting of the pectinase by MALDI-TOF MS showed that the purified enzyme shared homology with pectate lyase and was designated as BsPel-PB1. The optimal temperature for BsPel-PB1 was 50 °C. The optimal pH was pH 9.5 for BsPel-PB1 while it had a broad pH stability from 5 to 11. The values of K m and V max were 0.312 mg/mL and 1248 U/mL, respectively. Accordingly, the BsPel-PB1 was a novel alkaline pectate lyase which could find potential application as a commercial candidate in the pectinolytic related industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingli Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lina Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Huijun Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou M, Guo P, Wang T, Gao L, Yin H, Cai C, Gu J, Lü X. Metagenomic mining pectinolytic microbes and enzymes from an apple pomace-adapted compost microbial community. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:198. [PMID: 28852421 PMCID: PMC5568718 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Degradation of pectin in lignocellulosic materials is one of the key steps for biofuel production. Biological hydrolysis of pectin, i.e., degradation by pectinolytic microbes and enzymes, is an attractive paradigm because of its obvious advantages, such as environmentally friendly procedures, low in energy demand for lignin removal, and the possibility to be integrated in consolidated process. In this study, a metagenomics sequence-guided strategy coupled with enrichment culture technique was used to facilitate targeted discovery of pectinolytic microbes and enzymes. An apple pomace-adapted compost (APAC) habitat was constructed to boost the enrichment of pectinolytic microorganisms. RESULTS Analyses of 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing revealed that microbial communities changed dramatically during composting with some bacterial populations being greatly enriched. Metagenomics data showed that apple pomace-adapted compost microbial community (APACMC) was dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Functional analysis and carbohydrate-active enzyme profiles confirmed that APACMC had been successfully enriched for the targeted functions. Among the 1756 putative genes encoding pectinolytic enzymes, 129 were predicted as novel (with an identity <30% to any CAZy database entry) and only 1.92% were more than 75% identical with proteins in NCBI environmental database, demonstrating that they have not been observed in previous metagenome projects. Phylogenetic analysis showed that APACMC harbored a broad range of pectinolytic bacteria and many of them were previously unrecognized. CONCLUSIONS The immensely diverse pectinolytic microbes and enzymes found in our study will expand the arsenal of proficient degraders and enzymes for lignocellulosic biofuel production. Our study provides a powerful approach for targeted mining microbes and enzymes in numerous industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Peng Guo
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Lina Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Huijun Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Cheng Cai
- College of Information Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Jie Gu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuan M, Yang X, Li Y, Liu H, Pu J, Zhan CG, Liao F. Facile Alkaline Lysis of Escherichia coli Cells in High-Throughput Mode for Screening Enzyme Mutants: Arylsulfatase as an Example. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:545-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Saoudi B, Habbeche A, Kerouaz B, Haberra S, Ben Romdhane Z, Tichati L, Boudelaa M, Belghith H, Gargouri A, Ladjama A. Purification and characterization of a new thermoalkaliphilic pectate lyase from Actinomadura keratinilytica Cpt20. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
16
|
Kumar S, Jain KK, Singh A, Panda AK, Kuhad RC. Characterization of recombinant pectate lyase refolded from inclusion bodies generated in E. coli BL21(DE3). Protein Expr Purif 2015; 110:43-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
17
|
Li X, Wang H, Zhou C, Ma Y, Li J, Song J. Cloning, expression and characterization of a pectate lyase from Paenibacillus sp. 0602 in recombinant Escherichia coli. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:18. [PMID: 24612647 PMCID: PMC4007691 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-14-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotechnological applications of microbial pectate lyases (Pels) in plant fiber processing are considered as environmentally friendly. As such, they become promising substitutes for conventional chemical degumming process. Since applications of Pels in various fields are widening, it is necessary to explore new pectolytic microorganisms and enzymes for efficient and effective usage. Here, we describe the cloning, expression, characterization and application of the recombinant Pel protein from a pectolytic bacterium of the genus Paenibacillus in Escherichia coli. RESULTS A Pel gene (pelN) was cloned using degenerate PCR and inverse PCR from the chromosomal DNA of Paenibacillus sp. 0602. The open reading frame of pelN encodes a 30 amino acid signal peptide and a 445 amino acid mature protein belonging to the polysaccharide lyase family 1. The maximum Pel activity produced by E. coli in shake flasks reached 2,467.4 U mL⁻¹, and the purified recombinant enzyme exhibits a specific activity of 2,060 U mg⁻¹ on polygalacturonic acid (PGA). The maximum activity was observed in a buffer with 5 mM Ca²⁺ at pH 9.8 and 65°C. PelN displays a half-life of around 9 h and 42 h at 50°C and 45°C, respectively. The biochemical treatment achieved the maximal reduction of percentage weight (30.5%) of the ramie bast fiber. CONCLUSIONS This work represents the first study that describes the extracellular expression of a Pel gene from Paenibacillus species in E. coli. The high yield of the extracellular overexpression, relevant thermostability and efficient degumming using combined treatments indicate its strong potential for large-scale industrial production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanhe Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang C, Yao J, Zhou C, Mao L, Zhang G, Ma Y. The alkaline pectate lyase PEL168 of Bacillus subtilis heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris is more stable and efficient for degumming ramie fiber. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:26. [PMID: 23510095 PMCID: PMC3620942 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The conventional degumming process of ramie with alkaline treatment at high temperature causes severe environmental pollution. Pectate lyases can be used to remove pectin from ramie in a degumming process with reduced environmental pollution and energy consumption. Pectate lyase PEL168 from Bacillus subtilis has been previously characterized and the protein structure was resolved. However, Bacillus is not a suitable host for pectate lyases during the degumming process since most Bacillus produce cellulases endogenously with a detrimental effect to the fiber. Pichia pastoris, which does not express endogenous cellulases and has high secretion capability, will be an ideal host for the expression. No previous work was reported concerning the heterologous expression of pectate lyase PEL168 in P. pastoris with an aim for industrial application in ramie bio-degumming. Results The gene pel168 was expressed in P. pastoris in this study. The recombinant protein PEL168 in P. pastoris (PEL168P) showed two bands of 48.6 kDa and 51.4 kDa on SDS-PAGE whereas the enzyme expressed in E. coli (PEL168E) was the same as predicted with a band of 46 kDa. Deglycosylation digestion suggested that PEL168P was glycosylated. The optimum reaction temperature of the two PEL168s was 50°C, and the optimum pH 9.5. After preincubation at 60°C for 20 min, PEL168E completely lost its activity, whereas PEL168P kept 26% of the residual activity. PEL168P had a specific activity of 1320 U/mg with a Km of 0.09 mg/ml and a Vmax of 18.13 μmol/min. K+, Li+, Ni2+ and Sr2+ showed little or no inhibitory effect on PEL168P activity, and Ca2+ enhanced enzyme activity by 38%. PEL168P can remove the pectin from ramie effectively in a degumming process. A 1.5 fold increase of PEL168 enzyme expression in P. pastoris was achieved by further codon optimization. Conclusions Pectate lyase PEL168 with an available protein structure can be heterologously expressed in P. pastoris. The characterized recombinant PEL168P can be used to remove pectin from ramie efficiently and the expression level of PEL168 in P. pastoris was increased markedly by codon optimization. Therefore, PEL168 is an ideal candidate for further optimization and engineering for bio-degumming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|