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Li L, Xie Z, Ning J, Zhang Y, Sang Y, Zhang L, Liu F. An acid-tolerant Clostridium sp. BLY-1 strain with high biohydrogen production rate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024:131227. [PMID: 39117241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Screening and isolating acid-tolerant bacteria capable of efficient hydrogen production can mitigate the inhibitory effects on microbial activity caused by rapid pH drops during fermentation. In this study, we isolated an acid-tolerant and highly efficient hydrogen-producing bacterium, named Clostridium sp. BLY-1, from acidic soil. Compared to the model strain Clostridium pasteurianum DSM 525, BLY-1 demonstrates a faster growth rate and superior hydrogen production capabilities. At an initial pH of 4.0, BLY-1's hydrogen production is 7.5 times greater than that of DSM 525, and under optimal conditions (pH=5.0), BLY-1's hydrogen production rate is 42.13 % higher than DSM 525. Genomic analysis revealed that BLY-1 possesses a complete CiaRH two-component system and several stress-resistance components absent in DSM 525, which enhance its growth and hydrogen production in acidic environments. These findings provide a novel avenue for boosting the hydrogen production capabilities of Clostridium strains, offering new resources for advancing the green hydrogen industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Zhangzhang Xie
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Jiarui Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yuechao Zhang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Sang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Fanghua Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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Bustos AY, Taranto MP, Gerez CL, Agriopoulou S, Smaoui S, Varzakas T, Enshasy HAE. Recent Advances in the Understanding of Stress Resistance Mechanisms in Probiotics: Relevance for the Design of Functional Food Systems. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10273-9. [PMID: 38829565 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, more and more scientific community, food producers, and food industry show increased interest in functional foods containing probiotics, which is a big challenge. The consumption of probiotics in the context of a balanced diet through the consumption of functional foods or through the intake of pharmaceutical preparations has proven to contribute to the improvement of human health, even contributing to the prevention of diseases. In order for probiotics to be considered suitable for consumption, they must contain a minimum concentration of viable cells, namely, at least 107 colony forming units of beneficial microbes per gram. Ensuring the viability of bacterial cells until the moment of consumption is the overriding priority of functional probiotic food manufacturers. Probiotic bacteria are subject to stress conditions not only during food manufacturing but also during gastrointestinal passage, which limit or even compromise their functionality. This paper first examines all the stressful conditions faced by probiotic cells in their production stages and related to the conditions present in the bioreactor fermentation and drying processes as well as factors related to the food matrix and storage. The stress situations faced by probiotic microorganisms during the gastrointestinal transit especially during stomach and intestinal residence are also analyzed. In order to understand the adaptation mechanisms of probiotic bacteria to gastrointestinal stress, intrinsic and adaptive mechanisms identified in probiotic strains in response to acid stress and to bile and bile acid stress are analyzed. In addition, improvement strategies for multiple stress tolerance of lactic acid bacteria through directions dealing with stress, accumulation of metabolites, use of protectants, and regulation of technological parameters are examined. Finally, the definition of postbiotics, inanimate microorganisms and/or their components conferring health benefits, is also introduced. Postbiotics include cell lysates, enzymes, and cell wall fragments derived from probiotic bacteria and may represent an alternative to the use of probiotics, when they do not tolerate stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Yanina Bustos
- Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos (CIBAAL/UNSE-CONICET), RN 9-Km 1125, (4206), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias (FAyA), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Av. Belgrano Sur 1912, (4200), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencias Sociales y de La Salud (FHU), Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Av. Belgrano Sur 1912, (4200), Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - María Pía Taranto
- Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (CONICET-CERELA), Chacabuco 145, (4000), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carla Luciana Gerez
- Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (CONICET-CERELA), Chacabuco 145, (4000), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sofia Agriopoulou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100, Antikalamos Messinia, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Slim Smaoui
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Engineering Enzymes (LMBEE), Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Road of Sidi Mansour Km 6, P.O. Box 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Theodoros Varzakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100, Antikalamos Messinia, Kalamata, Greece.
| | - Hesham Ali El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Borg Al Arab, 21934, Egypt
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3
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Zheng J, Li Y, Lu X, Zhuge B, Zong H. Effect of Goji Berry extract on cell viability of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M5 microcapsules during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1899-1908. [PMID: 38752109 PMCID: PMC11091016 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum M5 and Goji Berry extract were co-microencapsulated to maintain the activity of cells during gastrointestinal digestion, and the mechanism by which they could maintain high activity was investigated. The results showed that the microcapsules with 3% Goji Berry extract(A-GE-3) had the largest encapsulation efficiency(EE) of 92.41 ± 0.58%. SEM showed that the structure of A-GE-3 microcapsules were smoother and denser. Cell viability in A-GE-3 microcapsules remained at 7.17 log10 CFU/g after gastrointestinal digestion. Meanwhile, during the gastrointestinal digestion with 3% Goji Berry extract, cell membrane damage detected by fluorescent probes propidium iodide(PI) and 1.1-N-phenylnaphthylamine(NPN) was significantly reduced; the contents of arginine, glutamic acid and oleic acid in cell membrane were increased, which helped to maintain the dynamic balance of intracellular pH and regulated cell membrane fluidity in response to gastrointestinal environment. This study demonstrated the potential of Goji Berry extract as a probiotic protector in gastrointestinal digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Industrial Microbiology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Yiqi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Industrial Microbiology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Xinyao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Industrial Microbiology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Bin Zhuge
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Industrial Microbiology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Hong Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Industrial Microbiology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
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4
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Masumoto Y, Matsuo S, Kinjou N, Narieda Y, Wada M, Fujimoto K. The expression of trefoil factor family member 2 in increased at an acidic pH. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:212. [PMID: 38572063 PMCID: PMC10988190 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family member 2 (Tff2) is significantly involved in intestinal tumor growth in ApcMin/+ mice, which can be used as a human colon cancer model. TFF2, which encodes TFF2 (spasmolytic protein 1) is highly expressed in human cancer tissues, including the pancreas, colon and bile ducts, as well as in normal gastric and duodenum tissues. By contrast, TFF2 exhibits low expression levels in other normal tissues, including the small and large intestine. Furthermore, TFF2 expression has not been detected in DLD-1 cells, a cell line derived from human colon cancer. What induces TFF2 expression in normal and tumor cells is still unknown. Highly malignant tumor tissues are characterized by higher temperatures and lower pH (6.2-6.9) than in normal tissues, where normal pH ranges from 7.2 to 7.4. This microenvironment exacerbates malignancy by promoting the acquisition of cell death resistance, drug resistance and immune escape. Therefore, the present study examined how TFF2 expression is affected in cultured cells that imitate the tumor tissue microenvironment. The incubation temperature was increased from 37 to 40°C, but no expression of TFF2 was induced. Subsequently, a culture solution with an acidic pH was prepared to simulate the Warburg effect in tumors. TFF2 expression was increased by 42.8- and 5.8-fold in cells cultured in acidic medium at pH 6.5 and 6.8 compared with at pH 7.4, respectively, as determined using the relative quantification method following quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The present study also analyzed fluctuations in the expression levels of genes other than TFF2, under acidic conditions. Acidic conditions upregulated the expression of genes related to cell membranes and glycoproteins, based on the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. In conclusion, TFF2 was highly expressed under acidic conditions, implying that it may have an important function in protecting the plasma membrane from acidic environments in both normal and cancer cells. These findings warrant further investigation of TFF2 as a target of cancer therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Masumoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Suzuka Matsuo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Natsuno Kinjou
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Yuka Narieda
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Morimasa Wada
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujimoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
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5
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Kim H, Oh S, Song S. Lactobacillus Persisters Formation and Resuscitation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:854-862. [PMID: 38326923 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2312.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Lactobacillus is a commonly used probiotic, and many researchers have focused on its stress response to improve its functionality and survival. However, studies on persister cells, dormant cells that aid bacteria in surviving general stress, have focused on pathogenic bacteria that cause infection, not Lactobacillus. Thus, understanding Lactobacillus persister cells will provide essential clues for understanding how Lactobacillus survives and maintains its function under various environmental conditions. We treated Lactobacillus strains with various antibiotics to determine the conditions required for persister formation using kill curves and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, we observed the resuscitation patterns of persister cells using single-cell analysis. Our results show that Lactobacillus creates a small population of persister cells (0.0001-1% of the bacterial population) in response to beta-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin and amoxicillin. Moreover, only around 0.5-1% of persister cells are heterogeneously resuscitated by adding fresh media; the characteristics are typical of persister cells. This study provides a method for forming and verifying the persistence of Lactobacillus and demonstrates that antibiotic-induced Lactobacillus persister cells show characteristics of dormancy, sensitivity of antibiotics, same as exponential cells, multi-drug tolerance, and resuscitation, which are characteristics of general persister cells. This study suggests that the mechanisms of formation and resuscitation may vary depending on the characteristics, such as the membrane structure of the bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyein Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejong Oh
- Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Song
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Meng X, Liu X, Bao Y, Luo T, Wang J. Effect of citric acid on cell membrane structure and function of Issatchenkia terricola WJL-G4. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae057. [PMID: 38449343 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the changes of cell membrane structure and function of Issatchenkia terricola under citric acid by performing physiological analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS The membrane integrity, surface hydrophobicity, structure, fluidity, apoptosis, and fatty acid methyl esters composition of I. terricola WJL-G4 cells were determined by propidium iodide staining, microbial adhesion to hydrocarbon test, transmission electron microscopy analysis, fluorescence anisotropy, flow cytometry, and gas chromatography-mass, respectively. The results showed that with the increasing of citric acid concentrations, the cell vitality, membrane integrity, and fluidity of I. terricola reduced; meanwhile, apoptosis rate, membrane permeable, hydrophobicity, and ergosterol contents augmented significantly. Compared to control, the activities of Na+, K+-ATPase, and Ca2+, Mg2+-ATPase increased by 3.73-fold and 6.70-fold, respectively, when citric acid concentration increased to 20 g l-1. The cells cracked and their cytoplasm effused when the citric acid concentration reached 80 g l-1. CONCLUSIONS I. terricola could successfully adjust its membrane structure and function below 60 g l-1 of citric acid. However, for citric acid concentrations above 80 g l-1, its structure and function were dramatically changed, which might result in reduced functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Meng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yihong Bao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ting Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu St., Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jinling Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province, No. 26, Hexing St., Harbin 150040, China
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7
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Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Choi S, Oh J, Kim SH, Park JH, Bhatia SK, Kim YG, Jang KS, Yang YH. Positive effect of phasin in biohydrogen production of non polyhydroxybutyrate-producing Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 395:130355. [PMID: 38272145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the goal was to enhance the tolerance of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 to biomass-based inhibitory compounds for biohydrogen production and evaluate various known genes that enhance the production of biochemicals in various hosts. The introduction of phaP, the major polyhydroxyalkanoate granule-associated protein that has been reported as a chaperone-like protein resulted in increased tolerance to inhibitors and leads to higher levels of hydrogen production, cell growth, and glucose consumption in the presence of these inhibitors. It was observed that the introduction of phaP led to an increase in the transcription of the hydrogenase gene, whereas transcription of the chaperone functional genes decreased compared to the wild type. Finally, the introduction of phaP could significantly enhance biohydrogen production by 2.6-fold from lignocellulosic hydrolysates compared to that of wild type. These findings suggested that the introduction of phaP could enhance growth and biohydrogen production, even in non-polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Clean Energy Transition Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Convergence Manufacturing System Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Jiang Y, Wu J, Tian L, Liu Y, Zhao F, He Z, Mao Y, Jia J, Guan T. The therapeutic effects of fermented milk with lactic acid bacteria from traditional Daqu on hypertensive mice. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:742-758. [PMID: 37709033 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), a type of microorganism widely used in functional foods, has gained notable research attention in recent years. Certain strains possess the proteolytic ability to release potentially antihypertensive peptides from dairy proteins, which prompted us to explore the LAB strains from an understudied and unique ingredient, Daqu. We screened for 67 strains of LAB strains from traditional Daqu using the calcium dissolution ring method. Sixteen strains exhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACE-I) activity exceeding 50% were chosen for 16S rDNA sequencing and safety assessment. It is noteworthy that Enterococcus faecium CP640 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CP658 exhibited significant ACE-I activity, which was the result of strain fermentation in reconstituted skim milk. These 2 strains did not exhibit hemolytic activity or antibiotic resistance. They also did not produce biogenic amines and showed high survival rates in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, Enterococcus faecium CP640 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CP658 fermented milk exhibited a notable reduction in blood pressure levels in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with negative controls in SHR. Importantly, no adverse effect was observed in normal Wistar-Kyoto rats. Through the analysis of physiological, serum, and urine-related indicators, it was observed that Enterococcus faecium CP640 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CP658 have the potential to promote weight gain in SHR, alleviate excessive heart rate, improve renal function indicators, and effectively regulate blood sugar and uric acid levels in SHR. These 2 strains showed optimal properties in lowering blood pressure and have the potential to be used in functional dairy products in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China; Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Lei Tian
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China
| | - Zongjun He
- Sichuan Tujiu of Liquor Co. Ltd., Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Yichen Mao
- Xinjiang Kaiduhe of Liquor Co. Ltd., Hejing, 841302, China
| | - Jian Jia
- Sichuan Jiashite of Environmental Testing Co. Ltd., Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - Tongwei Guan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China; Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China.
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9
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Somalou P, Ieronymaki E, Feidaki K, Prapa I, Stylianopoulou E, Spyridopoulou K, Skavdis G, Grigoriou ME, Panas P, Argiriou A, Tsatsanis C, Kourkoutas Y. Novel Wild-Type Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus Strains as Probiotic Candidates to Manage Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance. Microorganisms 2024; 12:231. [PMID: 38399636 PMCID: PMC10891751 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As the food and pharmaceutical industry is continuously seeking new probiotic strains with unique health properties, the aim of the present study was to determine the impact of short-term dietary intervention with novel wild-type strains, isolated from various sources, on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance. Initially, the strains were evaluated in vitro for their ability to survive in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, for adhesion to Caco-2 cells, for bile salt hydrolase secretion, for cholesterol-lowering and cellular cholesterol-binding ability, and for growth inhibition of food-borne pathogens. In addition, safety criteria were assessed, including hemolytic activity and susceptibility to antibiotics. The in vivo test on insulin resistance showed that mice receiving the HFD supplemented with Pediococcus acidilactici SK (isolated from human feces) or P. acidilactici OLS3-1 strain (isolated from olive fruit) exhibited significantly improved insulin resistance compared to HFD-fed mice or to the normal diet (ND)-fed group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Somalou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Eleftheria Ieronymaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece; (E.I.); (C.T.)
| | - Kyriaki Feidaki
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Centre for Research and Technology, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.F.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Ioanna Prapa
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Electra Stylianopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Katerina Spyridopoulou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - George Skavdis
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | - Maria E. Grigoriou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
| | | | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Institute of Applied Sciences, Centre for Research and Technology, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.F.); (A.A.)
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos Tsatsanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Crete, Greece; (E.I.); (C.T.)
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, 71100 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Yiannis Kourkoutas
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (P.S.); (I.P.); (E.S.); (K.S.); (G.S.); (M.E.G.)
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10
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Wang Y, Liu F, Lu X, Zong H, Zhuge B. Regulatory mechanisms and cell membrane properties of Candida glycerinogenes differ under 2-phenylethanol addition or fermentation conditions. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300181. [PMID: 37840403 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) at high yields and titers is often limited by its toxicity. In this study, we describe the molecular mechanisms of 2-PE tolerance in the multi-stress tolerant industrial yeast, Candida glycerinogenes. They were different under 2-PE addition or fermentation conditions. After extracellular addition of 2-PE, C. glycerinogenes cells became rounder and bigger, which reduced specific surface area. However, during 2-PE fermentation C. glycerinogenes cells were smaller, which increased specific surface area. Other differences in the tolerance mechanisms were studied by analyzing the composition and molecular parameters of the cell membrane. Extracellular 2-PE stress resulted in down-regulation of transcriptional expression of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis genes. This raised the proportion of saturated fatty acids in the cell membrane, which increased rigidity of the cell membrane and reduced 2-PE entry to the cell. However, intracellular 2-PE stress resulted in up-regulation of transcriptional expression of unsaturated fatty acid synthesis genes, and increased the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane; this in turn enhanced flexibility of the cell membrane which accelerated efflux of 2-PE. These contrasting mechanisms are mediated by transcriptional factors Hog1 and Swi5. Under 2-PE addition, C. glycerinogenes activated Hog1 and repressed Swi5 to upregulate erg5 and erg4 expression, which increased cell membrane rigidity and resisted 2-PE import. During 2-PE fermentation, C. glycerinogenes activated Hog1 and repressed Swi5 to upregulate 2-PE transporter proteins cdr1 and Acyl-CoA desaturase 1 ole1 to increase 2-PE export, thus reducing 2-PE intracellular toxicity. The results provide new insights into 2-PE tolerance mechanisms at the cell membrane level and suggest a novel strategy to improve 2-PE production by engineering anti-stress genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xinyao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong Zong
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhuge
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Research Centre of Industrial Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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11
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Wei J, Nie Y, Du H, Xu Y. Serine Improves Lactic Acid Stress Tolerance and Ethanol Production in Zygosaccharomyces bailii in Baijiu Fermentation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20295-20303. [PMID: 37929595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid is the primary inhibitor of the growth and ethanol production of yeasts in Baijiu fermentation. Certain amino acids have been found to be related to stress tolerance in yeasts. This study explored the effect of lactic acid stress on the ethanol-producing yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii and evaluated the ability of serine to increase the lactic acid tolerance of Z. bailii in vitro. Serine significantly improved Z. bailii viability by 16.5% and ethanol production by 226.6% under lactic acid stress. Under lactic acid stress, serine supplementation led to an increase of 41.9% in cell wall integrity, 31.9% in cell membrane integrity, 296.6% in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and 18.4% in the mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) indicated that serine supplementation maintained the cell shape and reduced cell leakage. This study revealed a novel lactic acid tolerance mechanism of core functional yeasts during Jiang-flavor Baijiu fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Wei
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yao Nie
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hai Du
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Laboratory of Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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12
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Li T, Wang X, Li C, Fu Q, Shi X, Wang B. Investigation of Acid Tolerance Mechanism of Acetobacter pasteurianus under Different Concentrations of Substrate Acetic Acid Based on 4D Label-Free Proteomic Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:4471. [PMID: 38137274 PMCID: PMC10742644 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetobacter pasteurianus is always used to brew vinegar because of its ability of producing and tolerating a high concentration of acetic acid. During vinegar fermentation, initial acetic acid contributes to acetic acid accumulation, which varies with initial concentrations. In this study, to investigate the mechanisms of tolerating and producing acetic acid of Acetobacter pasteurianus under different concentrations of substrate acetic acid, four-dimensional label-free proteomic technology has been used to analyze the protein profiles of Acetobacter pasteurianus at different growth stages (the lag and exponential phases) and different substrate acetic acid concentrations (0%, 3%, and 6%). A total of 2093 proteins were quantified in this study. The differentially expressed proteins were majorly involved in gene ontology terms of metabolic processes, cellular metabolic processes, and substance binding. Under acetic acid stress, strains might attenuate the toxicity of acetic acid by intensifying fatty acid metabolism, weakening the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycerophospholipid and energy metabolism during the lag phase, while strains might promote the assimilation of acetic acid and inter-conversion of substances during the exponential phase by enhancing the tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycolysis, pyruvate, and energy metabolism to produce and tolerate acid. Besides, cell cycle regulation and protein translation might be potential acid tolerance pathways under high acid stress. The result contributes to the exploration of new potential acid tolerance mechanisms in Acetobacter pasteurianus from four-dimensional label-free relative quantitative proteomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Wang
- Food College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
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13
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Lei JD, Li Q, Zhang SB, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Wei S, Ma PA, Hu YS. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses revealed antifungal mechanism of trans-anethole on Aspergillus flavus growth. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7213-7230. [PMID: 37733053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile compounds have great potential for preventing and controlling fungal spoilage in post-harvest grains. Recently, we have reported the antifungal effects of trans-anethole, the main volatile constituent of the Illicium verum fruit, on Aspergillus flavus. In this study, the inhibitory mechanisms of trans-anethole against the growth of A. flavus mycelia were investigated using transcriptomic and biochemical analyses. Biochemical and transcriptomic changes in A. flavus mycelia were evaluated after exposure to 0.2 μL/mL trans-anethole. Scanning electron microscopy showed that trans-anethole treatment resulted in the surface wrinkling of A. flavus mycelia, and calcofluor white staining confirmed that trans-anethole treatment disrupted the mycelial cell wall structure. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining suggested that trans-anethole induced apoptosis in A. flavus mycelia. Reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage were observed in trans-anethole-treated A. flavus mycelia using 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, respectively. 2',7'- Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining and biochemical assays demonstrated that trans-anethole treatment cause the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the A. flavus mycelia. Transcriptome results showed that 1673 genes were differentially expressed in A. flavus mycelia exposed to trans-anethole, which were mainly associated with multidrug transport, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle, ribosomes, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling. We propose that trans-anethole can inhibit the growth of A. flavus mycelia by disrupting the cell wall structure, blocking the multidrug transport process, disturbing the citric acid cycle, and inducing apoptosis. This study provides new insights into the inhibitory mechanism of trans-anethole on A. flavus mycelia and will be helpful for the development of natural fungicides. KEY POINTS: • Biochemical analyses of A. flavus mycelia exposed to trans-anethole were performed • Transcriptomic changes in trans-anethole-treated A. flavus mycelia were analyzed • An inhibitory mechanism of trans-anethole on the growth of A. flavus mycelia was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Lei
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wei
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping-An Ma
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang H, Zhang Y, Dai L, Bo X, Liu X, Zhao X, Yu J, Kwok LY, Bao Q. Metabolomic Differences between Viable but Nonculturable and Recovered Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang. Foods 2023; 12:3472. [PMID: 37761181 PMCID: PMC10527867 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The fermentation process can be affected when the starter culture enters the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate how VBNC cells change physiologically. Lacticaseibacillus (L.) paracasei Zhang is both a probiotic and a starter strain. This study aimed to investigate the metabolomic differences between VBNC and recovered L. paracasei Zhang cells. First, L. paracasei Zhang was induced to enter the VBNC state by keeping the cells in a liquid de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium at 4 °C for 220 days. Flow cytometry was used to sort the induced VBNC cells, and three different types of culture media (MRS medium, skim milk with 1% yeast extract, and skim milk) were used for cell resuscitation. Cell growth responses in the three types of recovery media suggested that the liquid MRS medium was the most effective in reversing the VBNC state in L. paracasei Zhang. Metabolomics analysis revealed 25 differential metabolites from five main metabolite classes (amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin, and purine and pyrimidine). The levels of L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-lysine, and L-arginine notably increased in the revived cells, while cellulose, alginose, and guanine significantly decreased. This study confirmed that VBNC cells had an altered physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lixia Dai
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xiangyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lai-Yu Kwok
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Qiuhua Bao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; (H.W.); (Y.Z.); (L.D.); (X.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (L.-Y.K.)
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
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15
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Xu J, Zhao N, Meng X, Li J, Zhang T, Xu R, Wei X, Fan M. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Profiling Uncovers Response Mechanisms of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris DSM 3922 T to Acid Stress. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0002223. [PMID: 37318333 PMCID: PMC10434157 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00022-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, which has strong acidophilic and heat-resistant properties, can cause spoilage of pasteurized acidic juice. The current study determined the physiological performance of A. acidoterrestris under acidic stress (pH 3.0) for 1 h. Metabolomic analysis was carried out to investigate the metabolic responses of A. acidoterrestris to acid stress, and integrative analysis with transcriptome data was also performed. Acid stress inhibited the growth of A. acidoterrestris and altered its metabolic profiles. In total, 63 differential metabolites, mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and energy metabolism, were identified between acid-stressed cells and the control. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that A. acidoterrestris maintains intracellular pH (pHi) homeostasis by enhancing amino acids decarboxylation, urea hydrolysis, and energy supply, which was verified using real-time quantitative PCR and pHi measurement. Additionally, two-component systems, ABC transporters, and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis also play crucial roles in resisting acid stress. Finally, a model of the responses of A. acidoterrestris to acid stress was proposed. IMPORTANCE Fruit juice spoilage caused by A. acidoterrestris contamination has become a major concern and challenge in the food industry, and this bacterium has been suggested as a target microbe in the design of the pasteurization process. However, the response mechanisms of A. acidoterrestris to acid stress still remain unknown. In this study, integrative transcriptomic, metabolomic, and physiological approaches were used to uncover the global responses of A. acidoterrestris to acid stress for the first time. The obtained results can provide new insights into the acid stress responses of A. acidoterrestris, which will point out future possible directions for the effective control and application of A. acidoterrestris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Food Engineering, Luohe Vocational College of Food, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruoyun Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingtao Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Food Engineering, Luohe Vocational College of Food, Luohe, Henan, China
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16
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Li Q, Hu K, Mou J, Li J, Liu A, Ao X, Yang Y, He L, Chen S, Zou L, Guo M, Liu S. Insight into the acid tolerance mechanism of Acetilactobacillus jinshanensis subsp. aerogenes Z-1. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1226031. [PMID: 37520381 PMCID: PMC10382275 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1226031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are double-edged swords in the production of Sichuan bran vinegar; on the one hand, they are important for the flavour of the vinegar, but on the other hand, they result in vinegar deterioration because of their gas-producing features and their acid resistance. These characteristics intensify the difficulty in managing the safe production of vinegar using strains such as Acetilactobacillus jinshanensis subsp. aerogenes Z-1. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the mechanisms underlying their acid tolerance. The results of this study showed a survival rate of 77.2% for Z-1 when exposed to pH 3.0 stress for 1 h. This strain could survive for approximately 15 days in a vinegar solution with 4% or 6% total acid content, and its growth was effectively enhanced by the addition of 10 mM of arginine (Arg). Under acidic stress, the relative content of the unsaturated fatty acid C18:1 (n-11) increased, and eight amino acids accumulated in the cells. Meanwhile, based on a transcriptome analysis, the genes glnA, carA/B, arcA, murE/F/G, fabD/H/G, DnaK, uvrA, opuA/C, fliy, ecfA2, dnaA and LuxS, mainly enriched in amino acid transport and metabolism, protein folding, DNA repair, and cell wall/membrane metabolism processes, were hypothesized to be acid resistance-related genes in Z-1. This work paves the way for further clarifying the acid tolerance mechanism of Z-1 and shares applicable perspectives for vinegar brewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaidi Hu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Juan Mou
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Aiping Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Ao
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Li He
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujuan Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Likou Zou
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingye Guo
- Sichuan Baoning Vinegar Co., Ltd, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuliang Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
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17
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Lei JD, Zhang SB, Ding WZ, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Wei S, Ma PA, Hu YS. Antifungal effects of trans-anethole, the main constituent of Illicium verum fruit volatiles, on Aspergillus flavus in stored wheat. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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18
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Kathiriya MR, Vekariya YV, Hati S. Understanding the Probiotic Bacterial Responses Against Various Stresses in Food Matrix and Gastrointestinal Tract: A Review. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10104-3. [PMID: 37347421 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10104-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria are known to have ability to tolerate inhospitable conditions experienced during food preparation, food storage, and gastrointestinal tract of consumer. As probiotics are living cells, they are adversely affected by the harsh environment of the carrier matrix as well as low pH, bile salts, oxidative stress, osmotic pressure, and commensal microflora of the host. To overcome the unfavorable environments, many probiotics switch on the cell-mediated protection mechanisms, which helps them to survive, acclimatize and remain operational in the harsh circumstances. In this review, we provide comprehensive understanding on the different stresses experienced by the probiotic when added in carrier food as well as during human gastrointestinal tract transit. Under such situation how these health beneficial bacteria protect themselves by activation of several defense systems and get adapted to the lethal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mital R Kathiriya
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India
| | - Yogesh V Vekariya
- Department. of Dairy Engineering, SMC College of Dairy Science, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India
| | - Subrota Hati
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science, Kamdhenu University, Anand-388110, Gujarat, India.
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Zhang Y, Pan L, Zhang Y, Wang K, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang J, Chen X. Understanding the Streptomyces albulus response to low-pH stress at the interface of physiology and transcriptomics. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2611-2626. [PMID: 36882645 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Streptomyces albulus is a well-established cell factory for ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) production. It has been reported that ε-PL biosynthesis is strictly regulated by pH and that ε-PL can accumulate at approximately pH 4.0, which is outside of the general pH range for natural product production by Streptomyces species. However, how S. albulus responds to low pH is not clear. In this study, we attempted to explore the response of S. albulus to low-pH stress at the physiological and global gene transcription levels. At the physiological level, S. albulus maintained intracellular pH homeostasis at ~pH 7.5, increased the unsaturated fatty acid ratio, extended the fatty acid chain length, enhanced ATP accumulation, increased H+-ATPase activity, and accumulated the basic amino acids L-lysine and L-arginine. At the global gene transcription level, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, macromolecule protection and repair, and the acid tolerance system were found to be involved in combating low-pH stress. Finally, we preliminarily evaluated the effect of the acid tolerance system and cell membrane fatty acid synthesis on low-pH tolerance via gene manipulation. This work provides new insight into the adaptation mechanism of Streptomyces to low-pH stress and a new opportunity for constructing robust S. albulus strains for ε-PL production. KEY POINTS: • S. albulus consistently remained pH i at ~7.4 regardless of the environmental pH. • S. albulus combats low-pH stress by modulating lipid composition of cell membrane. • Overexpression of cfa in S. albulus could improve low-pH tolerance and ɛ-PL titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xusheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi214122, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Liao X, Chen X, Sant'Ana AS, Feng J, Ding T. Pre-Exposure of Foodborne Staphylococcus aureus Isolates to Organic Acids Induces Cross-Adaptation to Mild Heat. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0383222. [PMID: 36916935 PMCID: PMC10101096 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03832-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a typical enterotoxin-producing bacterium that causes food poisoning. In the food industry, pasteurization is the most widely used technique for food decontamination. However, pre-exposure to an acidic environment might make bacteria more resistant to heat treatment, which could compromise the bactericidal effect of heat treatment and endanger food safety. In this work, the organic acid-induced cross-adaptation of S. aureus isolates to heat and the associated mechanisms were investigated. Cross-adaptation area analysis indicated that pre-exposure to organic acids induced cross-adaptation of S. aureus to heat in a strain-dependent manner. Compared with other strains, S. aureus strain J15 showed extremely high heat resistance after being stressed by acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid. S. aureus strains J19, J9, and J17 were found to be unable to develop cross-adaptation to heat with pre-exposure to acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid, respectively. Analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the cell membrane demonstrated that the acid-heat-cross-adapted strain J15 retained cell membrane integrity and functions through enhanced Na+K+-ATPase and FoF1-ATPase activities. Cell membrane fatty acid analysis revealed that the ratio of anteiso to iso branched-chain fatty acids in the acid-heat-cross-adapted strain J15 decreased and the content of straight-chain fatty acids exhibited a 2.9 to 4.4% increase, contributing to the reduction in membrane fluidity. At the molecular level, fabH was overexpressed with preconditioning by organic acid, and its expression was further enhanced with subsequent heat exposure. Organic acids activated the GroESL system, which participated in the heat shock response of S. aureus to the subsequent heat stress. IMPORTANCE Cross-adaptation is one of the most important phenotypes in foodborne pathogens and poses a potential risk to food safety and human health. In this work, we found that pretreatment with acetic acid, citric acid, and lactic acid could induce subsequent heat tolerance development in S. aureus. Various S. aureus strains exhibited different acid-heat cross-adaptation areas. The acid-induced cross-adaptation to heat might be attributable to membrane integrity maintenance, stabilization of the charge equilibrium to achieve a normal internal pH, and membrane fluidity reduction achieved by decreasing the ratios of anteiso to iso fatty acids. The fabH gene, which is involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, and groES/groEL, which are related to heat shock response, contributed to the development of the acid-heat cross-adaptation phenomenon in S. aureus. The investigations of the stress cross-adaptation phenomenon in foodborne pathogens could help optimize food processing to better control S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anderson S. Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jinsong Feng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Ding
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan, China
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21
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Xu J, Guo L, Zhao N, Meng X, Zhang J, Wang T, Wei X, Fan M. Response mechanisms to acid stress of acid-resistant bacteria and biotechnological applications in the food industry. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:258-274. [PMID: 35114869 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2025335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Acid-resistant bacteria are more and more widely used in industrial production due to their unique acid-resistant properties. In order to survive in various acidic environments, acid-resistant bacteria have developed diverse protective mechanisms such as sensing acid stress and signal transduction, maintaining intracellular pH homeostasis by controlling the flow of H+, protecting and repairing biological macromolecules, metabolic modification, and cross-protection. Acid-resistant bacteria have broad biotechnological application prospects in the food field. The production of fermented foods with high acidity and acidophilic enzymes are the main applications of this kind of bacteria in the food industry. Their acid resistance modules can also be used to construct acid-resistant recombinant engineering strains for special purposes. However, they can also cause negative effects on foods, such as spoilage and toxicity. Herein, the aim of this paper is to summarize the research progress of molecular mechanisms against acid stress of acid-resistant bacteria. Moreover, their effects on the food industry were also discussed. It is useful to lay a foundation for broadening our understanding of the physiological metabolism of acid-resistant bacteria and better serving the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuemei Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tieru Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyuan Wei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingtao Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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22
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Bisson G, Maifreni M, Innocente N, Marino M. Application of pre-adaptation strategies to improve the growth of probiotic lactobacilli under food-relevant stressful conditions. Food Funct 2023; 14:2128-2137. [PMID: 36745384 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
While formulating a probiotic food, it is mandatory to make sure that the viability of probiotics is adequate at the point of consumption, which can be strongly compromised by stressful conditions due to low pH and high osmolarity. In this study, three probiotic lactobacilli were subjected to different pre-adaptation conditions, and the turbidimetric growth kinetics in challenging conditions (pH 4.0-6.5, NaCl 1-7%, sucrose 0.1-0.7 M) were evaluated. Different effects were observed for Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Indeed, pre-exposition to sub-optimal conditions in terms of pH and % NaCl significantly improved the ability of L. acidophilus and L. casei to overcome the osmotic stress due to salt or sucrose, and similar effects were observed for acidic stress. L. plantarum showed to be more tolerant to the challenging conditions applied in this study. Anyway, the pre-adaptation at conditions SUB_1 (pH 4.5 and NaCl 4%) and SUB_2 (pH 5 and NaCl 2%) speeded-up its growth kinetics by reducing the length of the lag phase under sucrose stress and enhancing the maximum growth rate at the highest pH tested. Moreover, an improvement in biomass amount was observed under sucrose stress. The whole data evidenced that the application of the appropriate pre-adaptation condition could contribute to making probiotics more robust towards challenging conditions due to food matrix, processing, and storage as well as gastrointestinal transit. Further studies will be necessary to gain insight into the proteomics and metabolomics responsible for increased tolerance to stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Michela Maifreni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Nadia Innocente
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Marilena Marino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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23
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Jiang L, Guan X, Liu H, Chang X, Sun J, Sun C, Zhao C. Improved Production of Recombinant Carboxylesterase FumDM by Co-Expressing Molecular Chaperones in Pichia pastoris. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:156. [PMID: 36828470 PMCID: PMC9960120 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumonisins (FBs) are mycotoxins that threaten public health and food safety worldwide. Enzymatic degradation of Fumonisin B1 (FB1) through decarboxylation has attracted much attention, whereas application of FB1 carboxylesterase in detoxification requires more effective expression of the recombinant carboxylesterase. In this study, the carboxylesterase FumDM from Sphingopyxis sp. ASAG22 was codon-optimized and co-expressed with five different molecular chaperones (PDI, CPR5, ERO1, HAC1, and Bip) in order to improve the expression level of FumDM in Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella phaffii) GS115. The co-expression of different chaperones caused varying degrees of improvement in FumDM activity for FB1. The enzyme activities of recombinant strains over-expressing PDI and CPR5 reached the highest levels of 259.47 U/mL and 161.34 U/mL, 635% and 357% higher than the original enzyme activity, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis of the two recombinant strains in comparison with the control strain showed that the correct folding of proteins assisted by molecular chaperones played a key role in the improvement of FumDM expression and its enzyme activity. This study demonstrated that co-expression of carboxylesterase FumDM and folding chaperones was an efficient strategy and therefore might inspire new perspectives on the improvement of carboxylesterase for detoxification of FB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Jiang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hujun Liu
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Changpo Sun
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
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24
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Tang Q, Chen X, Huang J, Zhang S, Qin H, Dong Y, Wang C, Wang X, Wu C, Jin Y, Zhou R. Mechanism of Enhancing Pyrazines in Daqu via Inoculating Bacillus licheniformis with Strains Specificity. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020304. [PMID: 36673396 PMCID: PMC9858619 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of pyrazines in Baijiu flavor, inoculating functional strains to increase the contents of pyrazine in Daqu and how those interact with endogenic communities is not well characterized. The effects of inoculating Bacillus licheniformis with similar metabolic capacity on pyrazine and community structure were assessed in the Daqu complex system and compared with traditional Daqu. The fortification strategy increased the volatile metabolite content of Daqu by 52.40% and the pyrazine content by 655.99%. Meanwhile, results revealed that the pyrazine content in Daqu inoculated isolate J-49 was 2.35-7.41 times higher than isolate J-41. Both isolates have the almost same capability of 2,3-butanediol, a key precursor of pyrazine, in pure cultured systems. Since the membrane fatty acids of isolate J-49 contain unsaturated fatty acids, it enhances the response-ability to withstand complex environmental pressure, resulting in higher pyrazine content. PICRUSt2 suggested that the increase in pyrazine was related to the enzyme expression of nitrogen metabolism significantly increasing, which led to the enrichment of NH4+ and 2,3-butanediol (which increased by 615.89%). These results based on multi-dimensional approaches revealed the effect of functional bacteria enhancement on the attribution of Daqu, laid a methodological foundation regulating the microbial community structure and enhanced the target products by functional strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Tang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xiaoru Chen
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jun Huang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Suyi Zhang
- Luzhou Laojiao Company Limited, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Hui Qin
- Luzhou Laojiao Company Limited, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Luzhou Laojiao Company Limited, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Luzhou Laojiao Company Limited, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Luzhou Laojiao Company Limited, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chongde Wu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yao Jin
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rongqing Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- National Engineering Research Centre of Solid-State Brewing, Luzhou 646000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-28-85406149
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25
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Hu W, Tong Y, Liu J, Chen P, Yang H, Feng S. Improving acid resistance of Escherichia coli base on the CfaS-mediated membrane engineering strategy derived from extreme acidophile. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1158931. [PMID: 37025359 PMCID: PMC10070827 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1158931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial microorganisms used for the production of organic acids often face challenges such as inhibited cell growth and reduced production efficiency due to the accumulation of acidic metabolites. One promising way for improving the acid resistance of microbial cells is to reconstruct their membranes. Herein, the overexpression of cfa2 from extreme acidophile endowed E. coli with high-performance on resistance to the acid stress. The engineered strain M1-93-Accfa2, constructed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated chromosome integration, also exhibited a significantly higher resistance to severe acid stress. The analysis of fatty acid profiles indicated that the proportion of Cy-19:0 in the cell membrane of M1-93-Accfa2 increased by 5.26 times compared with the control, while the proportion of C18:1w9c decreased by 5.81 times. Correspondingly, the permeability and fluidity of the membrane decreased significantly. HPLC analysis demonstrated that the contents of intracellular glutamic acid, arginine, methionine and aspartic acid of M1-93-Accfa2 were 2.59, 2.04, 22.07 and 2.65 times that of the control after environmental acidification, respectively. Meanwhile, transmission electron microscopy observation indicated that M1-93-Accfa2 could maintain a plumper cell morphology after acid stimulation. M1-93-Accfa2 also exhibited higher-performance on the resistance to organic acids, especially succinic acid stress. These results together demonstrated the great potential of M1-93-Accfa2 constructed here in the production of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yanjun Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Panyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hailin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hailin Yang, ; Shoushuai Feng,
| | - Shoushuai Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology (Jiangnan University) Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hailin Yang, ; Shoushuai Feng,
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26
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Liu S, Liu X, Shi Y, Zhuang S, Chen Q. RETRACTED: The adaptive mechanism of halophilic Brachybacterium muris in response to salt stress and its mitigation of copper toxicity in hydroponic plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120124. [PMID: 36089137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Authors who have indicated that there are significant errors with the scientific data upon which this study is based. Specifically, the authors have subsequently discovered that the 16S rDNA sequencing of Brachybacterium muris may not be reliable because of the limited identification methods from a few years ago. The authors are now repeating their experiments to reconfirm their data. The Authors take full responsibility for these errors and offer their sincere apologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiayu Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Shulin Zhuang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qihe Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Future Food Laboratory, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan, 310000, China.
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27
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Revealing novel synergistic defense and acid tolerant performance of Escherichia coli in response to organic acid stimulation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7577-7594. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Wang D, Mi T, Huang J, Zhou R, Jin Y, Wu C. Metabolomics analysis of salt tolerance of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and guided exogenous fatty acid addition for improved salt tolerance. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6263-6272. [PMID: 35510311 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zygosaccharomyces rouxii plays an irreplaceable role in the manufacture of traditional fermented foods, which are produced in a high-salt environment. However, there is little research on strategies for improving salt tolerance of Z. rouxii. RESULTS In this study, metabolomics was used to reveal the changes in intracellular metabolites under salt stress, and the results show that most of the carbohydrate contents decreased, the contents of xanthohumol and glycerol increased (fold change 4.07 and 5.35, respectively), while the contents of galactinol, xylitol and d-threitol decreased (fold change -9.43, -5.83 and -3.59, respectively). In addition, the content of four amino acids and six organic acids decreased, while that of the ten nucleotides increased. Notably, except for stearic acid (C18:0), all fatty acid contents increased. Guided by the metabolomics results, the effect of addition of seven exogenous fatty acids (C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C16:1, C18:1, and C18:2) on the salt tolerance of Z. rouxii was analyzed, and the results suggested that four exogenous fatty acids (C12:0, C16:0, C16:1, and C18:1) can increase the biomass yield and maximum growth rate. Physiological analyses demonstrated that exogenous fatty acids could regulate the distribution of fatty acids in the cell membrane, increase the degree of unsaturation, improve membrane fluidity, and maintain cell integrity, morphology and surface roughness. CONCLUSION These results are applicable to revealing the metabolic mechanisms of Z. rouxii under salt stress and screening potential protective agents to improve stress resistance by adding exogenous fatty acids. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingkang Wang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Mi
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Huang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongqing Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Jin
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongde Wu
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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29
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Liu X, Lv X, Sun Y, Liu C, Wang R, Liu R, Ma Y, Li Q. Probiotic properties of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus grx10 revolved with complete genome. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Zhang M, Wu N, Fan Y, Xu C, Luo J, Wang Y, Yu K, Wang M. Proteomic Profiling and Stress Response in Pediococcus acidilactici under Acetic Acid. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12708-12721. [PMID: 36125361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are indispensable functional microorganisms for cereal vinegar brewing, but cell activities are inhibited by the dominant acetic acid stress. Herein, an acetic-acid-tolerant strain isolated previously was identified as Pediococcus acidilactici, which also exhibited good resistance to other stresses during vinegar brewing. Proteomics analysis evidenced that differentially expressed proteins involved in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and sugar phosphotransferase system were all downregulated. Meanwhile, saturation of fatty acids and antioxidant enzymes was strengthened. The effects of several proteins on the resistance of P. acidilactici and Lactobacillus lactis relied on the types of strain and stress. AccA and AcpP participating in fatty acid metabolism and biosynthesis and Mnc related to stress response were found to protect cells by modifying fatty acid compositions and reinforcing the antioxidant defense system. Our works deepen the mechanisms of P. acidilactici under acetic acid and offer targets for engineering cell tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Fan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoye Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - JianMei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Zhao F, Li C, Xie X, Ban X, Gu Z, Li Z. Short-clustered maltodextrin provides cryoprotection by maintaining cell membrane homeostasis of yeast during frozen storage. Food Chem 2022; 405:134729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Li YN, Zhang SB, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Cai JP, Hu YS. Mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on Aspergillus flavus spore germination. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:6625-6640. [PMID: 36097174 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic volatile organic compounds hold remarkable potential for controlling fungal decay in agro- and food products. Recently, we reported that linalool, the major volatile component of the Zanthoxylum schinifolium pericarp, showed great potential as a biofumigant to control Aspergillus flavus growth in postharvest grains. In this study, the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus growth in stored grains and its underlying mechanism were investigated through transcriptomic and biochemical analyses. Linalool vapor at 800 μL/L can effectively prevent A. flavus growth in 22% moisture wheat grains. Linalool at 2 μL/mL completely inhibited the germination of A. flavus spores, and 10 μL/mL caused spore death. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that linalool treatment caused wrinkling and spore breakage. Transcriptomics showed that 3806 genes were significantly differentially expressed in A. flavus spores exposed to 2 μL/mL linalool, predominantly showing enrichment regarding the ribosome, DNA replication, glutathione metabolism, peroxisome, and MAPK signaling pathways. Flow cytometry showed that linalool treatment caused hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential. 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole staining indicated that linalool caused DNA fragmentation in A. flavus spores, and monodansylcadaverine staining confirmed that linalool induced autophagy in A. flavus spores. We thus propose that linalool can damage the plasma membrane, cause mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage, and induce autophagy in A. flavus spores. These findings considerably improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus, which is crucial regarding the development of applications to prevent postharvest grain spoilage due to A. flavus infestations. KEY POINTS: • The inhibitory potency of linalool on A. flavus spore germination was determined. • Transcriptomic analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed genes of A. flavus exposed to linalool. • A functional mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of linalool on A. flavus spore germination is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Nan Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ping Cai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
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Improved Tolerance of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum in the Presence of Acid by the Heterologous Expression of trxA from Oenococcus oeni. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8090452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Oenococcus oeni is the main microorganism that undergoes malolactic fermentation (MLF) in the winemaking industry due to its excellent adaptability to harsh wine environments. The start of MLF is often delayed or even fails, and low pH appears to be a crucial parameter. To study the function of the trxA gene in acid stress, a plasmid containing the trxA gene of O. oeni SD-2a was heterologously expressed in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1. The recombinant strain (WCFS1-trxA) grew better than the control strain (WCFS1-Vector) under acid stress. The expression of thioredoxin system genes was much higher in the recombinant strain compared with the control strain under acid stress. In addition, a series of physiological and biochemical assays were conducted. The ATP content was lower in the recombinant strain, while the cell membrane fluidity and integrity improved in the recombinant strain. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, intracellular GSH level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assays showed that the recombinant strain decreased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by improving the SOD activity. In conclusion, heterologous expression of trxA improves the SOD activity of L. plantarum WCFS1, reducing bacterial ROS and increasing cell membrane fluidity and integrity, enhancing the tolerance of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1 under acid stress.
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Microencapsulating role of whey protein isolate and sucrose in protecting the cell membrane and enhancing survival of probiotic lactobacilli strains during spray drying, storage, and simulated gastrointestinal passage. Food Res Int 2022; 159:111651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wu H, Zhang Y, Li L, Li Y, Yuan L, E Y, Qiao J. Positive regulation of the DLT operon by TCSR7 enhances acid tolerance of Lactococcus lactis F44. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7940-7950. [PMID: 36028342 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis, a lactic acid bacterium, has been widely used in the fermented dairy products. The acid tolerance of L. lactis is of great importance to food fermentation and probiotic applications. As the first barrier of bacteria, the cell wall has a protective effect on strains under many stress conditions, whereas the regulatory mechanism has rarely been reported. Here, based on the transcription analysis of 9 cell wall or membrane-related genes of L. lactis F44 under acid stress, the transcription levels of DACB, DLTD, YLBA, HRTA, WP_080613266.1 (1610), and ERFK genes were significantly increased. We constructed 9 overexpressing strains with the cell wall or membrane-related genes, respectively. It was demonstrated that the survival rates under acid stress of DACB, DLTD, and ERFK were significantly higher than that of wild-type F44. To investigate the regulatory mechanism, a DNA pull-down assay was used to identify the transcriptional regulators of these 3 genes. It was discovered that the 2-component system (TCS) transcriptional regulator TCSR7 bound to the upstream region of DLTD involved in the teichoic acid (TA) alanylation. The combination was confirmed through an electrophoretic mobility shift assay in vitro. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR results indicated that TCSR7 upregulated the expression of DLTD gene. In addition, the transcription level of TCSR7 increased approximately 1.8-fold (log2 fold change) under acidic conditions. In summary, this study found that TCSR7 was induced by acid stress to upregulate the transcription level of the DLT operon genes, which might increase the positive charge on the cell membrane surface to increase the acid tolerance of the strain. This study lays the foundation for the regulatory mechanism of TA alanylation under acid stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312300, P. R. China
| | - Yangling Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312300, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; Department of Bioengineering, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yue E
- Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312300, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; Zhejiang Shaoxing Research Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing 312300, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
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Chen W, Guo R, Wang Z, Xu W, Hu Y. Dimethyl phthalate destroys the cell membrane structural integrity of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:949590. [PMID: 36071970 PMCID: PMC9441906 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.949590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) was exposed to different concentrations (0, 20, and 40 mg/L) of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) for 8 h, and then Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, lipopolysaccharide content detection, analysis of fatty acids, calcein release test, proteomics, non-targeted metabolomics, and enzyme activity assays were used to evaluate the toxicological effect of DMP on P. fluorescens. The results showed that DMP exposure caused an increase in the unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (UFA/SFA) ratio and in the release of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from the cell outer membrane (OM) of P. fluorescens. Moreover, DMP regulated the abundances of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidyl glycerol (PG) of P. fluorescens and induced dye leakage from an artificial membrane. Additionally, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and changes in antioxidant enzymes (i.e., catalase [CAT] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]) activities, as well as the inhibition of Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities in P. fluorescens, which were induced by the DMP. In summary, DMP could disrupt the lipid asymmetry of the outer membrane, increase the fluidity of the cell membrane, and destroy the integrity of the cell membrane of P. fluorescens through lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and ion imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruxin Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
- *Correspondence: Zhigang Wang
| | - Weihui Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yunlong Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar, China
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Somayaji A, Dhanjal CR, Lingamsetty R, Vinayagam R, Selvaraj R, Varadavenkatesan T, Govarthanan M. An insight into the mechanisms of homeostasis in extremophiles. Microbiol Res 2022; 263:127115. [PMID: 35868258 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis of extremophiles is one that is a diamond hidden in the rough. The way extremophiles adapt to their extreme environments gives a clue into the true extent of what is possible when it comes to life. The discovery of new extremophiles is ever-expanding and an explosion of knowledge surrounding their successful existence in extreme environments is obviously perceived in scientific literature. The present review paper aims to provide a comprehensive view on the different mechanisms governing the extreme adaptations of extremophiles, along with insights and discussions on what the limits of life can possibly be. The membrane adaptations that are vital for survival are discussed in detail. It was found that there are many alterations in the genetic makeup of such extremophiles when compared to their mesophilic counterparts. Apart from the several proteins involved, the significance of chaperones, efflux systems, DNA repair proteins and a host of other enzymes that adapt to maintain functionality, are enlisted, and explained. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms could have a plethora of applications in the industry. There are cases when certain microbes can withstand extreme doses of antibiotics. Such microbes accumulate numerous genetic elements (or plasmids) that possess genes for multiple drug resistance (MDR). A deeper understanding of such mechanisms helps in the development of potential approaches and therapeutic schemes for treating pathogen-mediated outbreaks. An in-depth analysis of the parameters - radiation, pressure, temperature, pH value and metal resistance - are discussed in this review, and the key to survival in these precarious niches is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithi Somayaji
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Chetan Roger Dhanjal
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rathnamegha Lingamsetty
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; Manipal Biomachines, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh Vinayagam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Raja Selvaraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India.
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Yao C, He Z, Li J, E J, Wang R, Zhang Q, Wang J. Effect of glutathione on Lactiplantibacillus plantarum stability during room temperature storage and the underlying mechanism of action. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiang N, Wang L, Jiang D, Wang M, Liu H, Yu H, Yao W. Transcriptomic analysis of inhibition by eugenol of ochratoxin A biosynthesis and growth of Aspergillus carbonarius. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Responses of Issatchenkia terricola WJL-G4 upon Citric Acid Stress. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092664. [PMID: 35566015 PMCID: PMC9102369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the responses of a novel characterized Issatchenkia terricola WJL-G4 against citric acid stress by performing physiological analysis, morphology observation, and structural and membrane fatty acid composition analysis. The results showed that under citric acid stress, the cell vitality of I. terricola WJL-G4 was reduced. The cell morphology changed with the unclear, uncompleted and thinner cell wall, and degraded the cell structure. When the citric acid concentration was 20 g/L, I. terricola WJL-G4 could tolerate citric acid and maintain the cell structure by increasing the intracellular pH, superoxide dismutase activity, and contents of unsaturated fatty acids. As the citric acid concentration was ≥80 g/L, the stress has exceeded the cellular anti-stress ability, causing substantial cell damage. The cell membrane permeability, the content of membrane lipids, malondialdehyde and superoxide anion increased, but the intracellular pH and superoxide dismutase activities decreased, accompanying the increase of citric acid concentrations. The findings of this work provided a theoretical basis for the responsive mechanism of I. terricola WJL-G4 under high concentrations of citric acid, and can serve as a reference for biological acid reduction in fruit processing.
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Wang R, Sun R, Yang Y, E J, Yao C, Zhang Q, Chen Z, Ma R, Li J, Zhang J, Wang J. Effects of salt stress on the freeze-drying survival rate of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LIP-1. Food Microbiol 2022; 105:104009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cytoprotective Effects of Lactobacilli on Mouse Epithelial Cells during Salmonella Infection. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8030101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of common pathogens, such as Salmonella species, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, etc., is a big challenge for a practitioner. Antibiotics’ side effects during their application for the treatment of infectious diseases should not be underestimated as they have many issues, such as the transfer of antibiotics-resistant genes, dysbiosis, and antibiotic-resistant strains, which is the main hurdle in the eradication of diseases. To avoid these antibiotics complications, in modern countries, the interest of using probiotics in feed supplementation to promote health and prevent or treat intestinal infectious diseases has been increasing. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the probiotic potential of three Lactobacilli strains isolated from clinically healthy dogs for their further utilization as a dietary supplement for dogs to avoid pathogenic and antibiotic complication. After 16SrRNA sequencing, in vitro tests were conducted to assess the survival potential of Lactobacilli under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and adhesion ability to the MODE-K cell line, effects on epithelial barrier function, anti-inflammatory activities, effects on host defensin peptides (beta-defensin 3), and inhibitory effects on common pathogens. Lactobacilli showed considerable potential to survive in simulated gastrointestinal environmental conditions, low pH, and high bile salt concentrations along with good adhesion properties with MODE-K cells. Pathogenic bacterial growth and their adhesion to MODE-K cells were significantly inhibited by Lactobacilli. Real-time PCR analyses further demonstrated that the L. acidophilus strain AR1 and AR3 inhibit Salmonella-induced proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β) production and reinforce the expression of tight junction protein (occludin). None of the strains induce mRNA expression of beta-defensin 3 in MODE-K cells. Based on the in vitro results, the L. acidophilus strain AR1 has the potential to be supplemented in canine feed. However, further in vivo studies investigating health-promoting effects are awaited.
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Wang L, Yang X, Jiang HY, Song ZM, Lin X, Hu XP, Li CF. Protein kinases Elm1 and Sak1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exerted different functions under high-glucose and heat shock stresses. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2029-2042. [PMID: 35194654 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases is the most common and important regulatory pathway in the adaptive physiological responses to the changes in nutrition and environment of yeast. This study focused on the functions of Elm1, Sak1, and Tos3, which are three upstream protein kinases of Snf1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in response to high-glucose and heat shock stresses. Results suggested that changing the gene dosage of ELM1/SAK1/TOS3 had different effects under high-glucose and heat shock stresses. ELM1 and SAK1 overexpressions could enhance the tolerance of S. cerevisiae to high-glucose and heat shock stresses, respectively. Nevertheless, the overexpression of TOS3 decreased the tolerance to high-glucose stress, and a native level of Tos3 was important for the normal adaptation to heat shock condition. The overexpression of ELM1 increased the accumulation of trehalose and ergosterol and altered the composition of fatty acids with altered gene expressions involved in the metabolism of three metabolites. Enhanced resistance to heat shock stress in SAK1 overexpression might be related to the enhanced accumulation of trehalose and ergosterol and upregulated transcription of genes related to the metabolism of trehalose and ergosterol. Furthermore, Elm1 might regulate the metabolism of trehalose, ergosterol, and fatty acids in a Snf1-independent form under high-glucose stress. A Snf1-independent pathway might be involved in the regulation of trehalose metabolism by Sak1 under heat shock condition. However, Sak1 and Snf1 may have an indirect relationship in the regulation of ergosterol synthesis. KEY POINTS: • Altering the gene dosage of ELM1/SAK1/TOS3 had different effects on stress responses • Elm1 regulated high-glucose response in a Snf1-independent manner • Sak1 and Snf1 had an indirect relationship in the regulation of heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Yuan Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Ming Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China. .,Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China. .,Hainan Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China. .,Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China. .,Hainan Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cong-Fa Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Utilization of Tropical Polysaccharide Resources, Ministry of Education, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China.,Hainan Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
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Transcriptomics analyses and biochemical characterization of Aspergillus flavus spores exposed to 1-nonanol. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2091-2106. [PMID: 35179628 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The exploitation of plant volatile organic compounds as biofumigants to control postharvest decaying of agro-products has received considerable research attention. Our previous study reported that 1-nonanol, the main constituent of cereal volatiles, can inhibit Aspergillus flavus growth and has the potential as a biofumigant to control the fungal spoilage of cereal grains. However, the antifungal mechanism of 1-nonanol against A. flavus is still unclear at the molecular level. In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of 1-nonanol against A. flavus spores were 2 and 4 μL/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the 1-nonanol can distort the morphology of A. flavus spore. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining showed that 1-nonanol induced phosphatidylserine eversion and increased membrane permeability of A. flavus spores. Transcriptional profile analysis showed that 1-nonanol treatment mainly affected the expression of genes related to membrane damage, oxidative phosphorylation, blockage of DNA replication, and autophagy in A. flavus spores. Flow cytometry analysis showed that 1-nonanol treatment caused hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in A. flavus spores. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining showed that treatment with 1-nonanol destroyed the DNA. Biochemical analysis results confirmed that 1-nonanol exerted destructive effects on A. flavus spores by decreasing intracellular adenosine triphosphate content, reducing mitochondrial ATPase activity, accumulating hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, and increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. This study provides new insights into the antifungal mechanisms of 1-nonanol against A. flavus. KEY POINTS: • 1-Nonanol treatment resulted in abnormal morphology of A. flavus spores. • 1-Nonanol affects the expression of key growth-related genes of A. flavus. • The apoptosis of A. favus spores were induced after exposed to 1-nonanol.
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He Z, Zhang X, Sun R, Chen J, E J, Yao C, Zhang Q, Bao Q, Wang J. Effects of three different gas environments on the storage stability of Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 at room temperature. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Raheem A, Wang M, Zhang J, Liang L, Liang R, Yin Y, Zhu Y, Yang W, Wang L, Lv X, Jia Y, Qin T, Zhang G. The probiotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strain RW1 isolated from canine faeces. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 132:2306-2322. [PMID: 34709709 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluation the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strain RW1 isolated from healthy dogs for its further utilization as a dietary supplement for dogs. METHODS AND RESULTS This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic potential of L. plantarum strain RW1 isolated from canine faeces. After confirming by conventional and then by 16S rRNA sequencing, the identified strain RW1 was in vitro screened for its survivability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions, low pH, bile salts and adhesion to gut epithelial tissues, growth inhibitory effects on common pathogens and anti-inflammatory potential by measuring the mRNA expression level of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ꞵ in Salmonella-infected MODE-K cells. Furthermore, the effects on epithelial barrier function and host defensin peptide (beta-defensin 3) was studied by measuring the mRNA expression level of tight junction protein (occludin) and beta-defensin 3 in MODE-K cells. The strain RW1 showed a considerable potential to survive in simulated gastrointestinal environmental conditions, low pH and high bile salt concentrations along with good adhesion to MODE-K cell line. Pathogenic bacterial growth and their adhesion to MODE-K cell line were significantly inhibited by the strain RW1. Real-time PCR analyses demonstrated that the strain RW1 inhibited Salmonella-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1ꞵ) production and reinforced the expression of tight junction protein (occludin). The strain RW1 did not induce mRNA expression of beta-defensin 3. CONCLUSION Based on in vitro results, the strain RW1 has the potential to be used as a probiotic supplement in dogs. However, further study involving in vivo health effects is needed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Antibiotics have many side effects and nowadays the probiotics are considered as a potential alternative to antibiotics. This study evaluates the probiotic potential of dog isolated L. plantarum strain RW1 to use it as a dietary supplement in dogs feeding to control infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Raheem
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiying Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, China
| | - Yali Zhu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Weifang Yang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Xueze Lv
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxiong Jia
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Qin
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Bisson G, Marino M, Poletti D, Innocente N, Maifreni M. Turbidimetric definition of growth limits in probiotic Lactobacillus strains from the perspective of an adaptation strategy. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:12236-12248. [PMID: 34600710 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The application of an adaptation strategy for probiotics, which may improve their stress tolerance, requires the identification of the growth range for each parameter tested. In this study, 4 probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) were grown under different pH, NaCl, and sucrose concentrations at 25°C, 30°C, and 37°C. Turbidimetric growth curves were carried out and lag phase duration, maximum growth rate, and amplitude (i.e., the difference between initial and stationary phase optical density) were estimated. Moreover, cell morphology was observed, and cell length measured. The growth response, as well as the morphological changes, were quite different within the 4 species. The L. acidophilus was the most sensitive strain, whereas L. plantarum was shown to better tolerate a wide range of stressful conditions. Frequently, morphological changes occurred when the growth curve was delayed. Based on the results, ranges of environmental parameters are proposed that can be considered suboptimal for each strain, and therefore could be tested. The quantitative evaluation of the growth kinetics as well as the morphological observation of the cells can constitute useful support to the choice of the parameters to be used in an adaptation strategy, notwithstanding the need to verify the effect on viability both in model systems and in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marilena Marino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Denise Poletti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Nadia Innocente
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Michela Maifreni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
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A Combination of Genomics, Transcriptomics, and Genetics Provides Insights into the Mineral Weathering Phenotype of Pseudomonas azotoformans F77. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0155221. [PMID: 34586903 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01552-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicate mineral weathering (dissolution) plays important roles in soil formation and global biogeochemical cycling. In this study, a combination of genomics, transcriptomics, and genetics was used to identify the molecular basis of mineral weathering activity and acid tolerance in Pseudomonas azotoformans F77. Biotite was chosen as a silicate mineral to investigate mineral weathering. The genome of strain F77 was sequenced, and the genes significantly upregulated when grown in the presence of biotite included mineral weathering-related genes associated with gluconic acid metabolism, flagellar assembly, and pilus biosynthesis and acid tolerance-related genes associated with neutralizing component production, reducing power, and proton efflux. Then, the biotite-weathering behaviors of strain F77 and its mutants that were created by deleting the tkt, tal, gntP, potF, nuoF, and gdtO genes, which are involved in gluconic acid metabolism and acid tolerance, respectively, were determined. The Fe and Al concentrations in the strain F77-inoculated medium increased 2.2- to 13.7-fold compared to the controls. The cell numbers of strain F77 increased over time, while the pH values in the medium ranged from 3.75 to 3.90 between 20 and 36 h of incubation. The release of Al and Fe was significantly reduced in the mutants F77Δtal, F77ΔgntP, F77ΔpotF, and F77ΔnuoF. Bacterial growth was significantly reduced in the presence of biotite in the mutants F77ΔpotF and F77ΔnuoF. Our results demonstrated the acid tolerance of strain F77 and suggested that multiple genes and metabolic pathways in strain F77 are involved in biotite weathering and acid tolerance during the mineral weathering process. IMPORTANCE Acid production and tolerance play important roles in effective and persistent mineral weathering in bacteria, although the molecular mechanisms governing acid production and acid tolerance in bacteria have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the molecular mechanisms underlying biotite (as a silicate mineral) weathering (dissolution) and acid tolerance of P. azotoformans F77 were characterized using genomics, transcriptomics, and genetics analyses. Our results showed that the genes and metabolic pathways for gluconic acid metabolism, flagellar assembly, and pilus biosynthesis may play important roles in mineral weathering by strain F77. Notably, the genes associated with neutralizing component production, reducing power, and proton efflux may be related to acid tolerance in strain F77. The expression of these acid production- and acid tolerance-related genes was observed to be increased by biotite in strain F77. Our findings may help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing mineral weathering and, especially, acid tolerance in mineral-weathering bacteria.
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Genome of Bifidobacterium longum NCIM 5672 provides insights into its acid-tolerance mechanism and probiotic properties. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:6109-6118. [PMID: 34553262 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bifidobacterium longum NCIM 5672 is a probiotic strain isolated from the Indian infant feces. The probiotic efficacy of Bifidobacteria is majorly affected by its acid tolerance. This study determined the probiotic properties and acid-tolerance mechanism of B. longum NCIM 5672 using whole-genome sequencing. The genome annotation is carried out using the RAST web server and NCBI PGAAP. The draft genome sequence of this strain, assembled in 63 contigs, consists of 22,46,978 base pairs, 1900 coding sequences and a GC content of 59.6%. The genome annotation revealed that seven candidate genes might be involved in regulating the acid tolerance of B. longum NCIM 5672. Furthermore, the presence of genes associated with immunomodulation and cell adhesion support the probiotic background of the strain. The analysis of candidate acid- tolerance-associated genes revealed three genes, argC, argH, and dapA, may play an essential role in high acid tolerance in B. longum NCIM 5672. The results of RT-qPCR supported this conclusion. Altogether, the results presented here supply an effective way to select acid-resistant strains for the food industry and provide new strategies to enhance this species' industrial applications and health-promoting properties.
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Differences in Acid Stress Response of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Zhang Cultured from Solid-State Fermentation and Liquid-State Fermentation. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091951. [PMID: 34576848 PMCID: PMC8465097 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-state fermentation (LSF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) are two forms of industrial production of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The choice of two fermentations for LAB production has drawn wide concern. In this study, the tolerance of bacteria produced by the two fermentation methods to acid stress was compared, and the reasons for the tolerance differences were analyzed at the physiological and transcriptional levels. The survival rate of the bacterial agent obtained from solid-state fermentation was significantly higher than that of bacteria obtained from liquid-state fermentation after spray drying and cold air drying. However, the tolerance of bacterial cells obtained from liquid-state fermentation to acid stress was significantly higher than that from solid-state fermentation. The analysis at physiological level indicated that under acid stress, cells from liquid-state fermentation displayed a more solid and complete membrane structure, higher cell membrane saturated fatty acid, more stable intracellular pH, and more stable activity of ATPase and glutathione reductase, compared with cells from solid-state fermentation, and these physiological differences led to better tolerance to acid stress. In addition, transcriptomic analysis showed that in the cells cultured from liquid-state fermentation, the genes related to glycolysis, inositol phosphate metabolism, and carbohydrate transport were down-regulated, whereas the genes related to fatty acid synthesis and glutamate metabolism were upregulated, compared with those in cells from solid-state fermentation. In addition, some genes related to acid stress response such as cspA, rimP, rbfA, mazF, and nagB were up-regulated. These findings provide a new perspective for the study of acid stress tolerance of L. paracasei Zhang and offer a reference for the selection of fermentation methods of LAB production.
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